FRONTISPIECE 


rar 
?VA 


KEGIONS  OF  DISTRIBUTION 


The 

Genus  Phoradendron 

fg  iff 
A  Monographic  Revision 


By  WILLIAM  TRELEASE 
PROFESSOR  OF  BOTANY  IN  THE  UNIVERSITY  OF  ILLINOIS 


Urbana,  Illinois 
Published   by   the   University 

1916 


•I* 


COPYRIGHT,    1916 

BY   THE 

UNIVERSITY  OF 


MS 


CONTENTS 


Page 
Distribution  map   Frontispiece 

Introduction 

Prefatory 3 

Nomenclature     4 

Historical  summary   5 

Analysis  of  characters   7 

Parasitism,  hosts  and  enemies 13 

Origin  of  the  genus 14 

Range  of  species 15 

Taxonomic  summary    16 

Illustrations    17 

Monograph  of  Phoradendron 

Generic  description    19 

Primary  division  of  the  genus 19 

Analysis  of  the  Boreales 

Pauciflorae 20 

Pluriseriales    29 

Calyculatae 54 

Analysis  of  the  Aequatoriales 
Interruptae 

Foliosae 55 

Basinerviae 55 

Peninerviae 128 

Saquamosae 140 

Parodoxae 142 

Continuae 143 

Percurrentes 143 

Dichotomae 156 

Explanation  of  plates 163 

Indexes 

Collections    187 

Occurrence 

North  America    211 

South  America 214 

West  Indies    216 

Pacific  Islands  217 

Species  excluded  217 

Names  and  synonyms 218 

Plates  1—245. 


PREFATORY 


INTRODUCTION 

PREFATORY 

My  attention  was  seriously  called  to  the  need  of  a  revision  of  our 
leafy  mistletoes  through  inability  to  understand  the  basis  of  characteriza- 
tion that  could  admit  to  one  species  such  different  appearing  plants  as 
those  from  the  southeastern,  southwestern  and  arid  United  States — not 
to  mention  California  and  Yucatan — to  which  the  name  Phoradendron 
flavescens  is  currently  applied.  Among  their  manifold  differences,  a 
diligent  search  was  made  for  characters ;  the  types  of  related  species  and 
varieties  that  have  been  held  to  be  differentiable  from  flavescens  were 
examined ;  and  every  form  occurring  in  the  United  States  was  traced  to 
the  known  limits  of  its  range,  sometimes  south  of  our  national  border. 
In  the  course  of  this  study  it  became  apparent  that  the  great  conserv- 
atism of  Engelmann,  who  seems  never  to  have  given  this  genus  the  care 
that  marked  his  study  of  the  related  genus  Arceuthobium  or  Razoumof- 
skya,  had  not  only  caused  him  to  withdraw  segregates  of  P.  flavescens 
that  he  admitted  at  one  time,  but  had  reacted  on  his  early  colleague  in 
the  study  of  our  southwestern  plants,  Torrey,  to  the  extent  of  causing 
a  number  of  mistletoes  which  had  been  designated  in  the  Torrey  herbar- 
ium as  new  species  to  lie  there,  as  they  still  do,  without  publication.  As 
political  boundaries  do  not  often  form  satisfactory  limits  to  such  a  study 
as  I  had  begun,  I  was  quickly  lured  into  an  examination  of  the  Mexican 
species  which  approach  our  border,  and  of  others  which  reach  into  the 
field  of  these,  so  that  no  arbitrary  geographic  limit,  even,  could  be  fixed 
short  of  the  Isthmus. 

At  the  New  York  meeting  of  the  National  Academy  of  Sciences,  in 
November,  1911,  and. at  the  meeting  of  the  Academy  of  Science  of  St. 
Louis  on  December  18,  1911,  the  preliminary  results  of  this  study  of 
the  northern  species  were  outlined,  and  this  was  followed  at  the  Wash- 
ington meeting  of  1912  by  presentation  to  the  National  Academy  of  a 
revision  of  all  of  the  forms  of  Plioradendron  recognized  as  occurring  in 
continental  North  America.  As  I  was  then  on  the  eve  of  departing  for 
a  year  in  the  great  herbaria  of  Europe,  this  revision  was  withheld  from 
immediate  publication  so  that  several  obscure  Mexican  species  could  be 
cleared  up  certainly,  through  authentic  specimens,  and  in  the  hope  that 
they  might  be  illustrated  from  the  types.  Though  the  admission  of  Tor- 
rey's  long  neglected  manuscript  names  had  quite  prepared  me  for  an 
apparently  inordinate  increase  in  the  number  of  differentiable  species 
in  the  genus,  I  was  not  a  little  surprised  to  find,  when  casting  my  results 


4  THE  GENUS  PHOEADENDRON 

then  into  classified  form,  that  on  an  average  nearly  two  new  named  forms 
appeared  for  each  one  already  admitted  to  our  northern  flora. 

Notwithstanding  an  intention  to  limit  my  investigation  to  the  species 
of  continental  North  America,  the  temptation  to  learn  the  characters  of 
the  South  American  species  proved  irresistible  when,  at  Brussels,  I 
examined  the  material  in  the  personal  herbarium  of  von  Martius,  whose 
collections  have  done  so  much  to  make  known  the  flora  of  Brazil;  and 
it  was  not  long  before  the  genus  as  a  whole  engaged  my  interest,  though 
West  Indian  material  was  given  less  attention  than  the  other  until  at 
Dahlem  I  reached  the  collection  of  Professor  Urban,  who  in  1897  had 
published  a  revision  of  all  of  the  West  Indian  Loranthaceae.  To  my  keen 
satisfaction,  I  then  found  that  for  the  Antillean  region  very  few  forms 
were  to  be  differentiated  from  those  admitted  by  Urban,  confirming  my 
judgment  that  the  large  increase  in  our  own  flora  rests  rather  upon 
previous  neglect  of  application  to  them  of  characters  which  appear  to 
be  really  differential,  than  on  excessive  optimism  on  my  own  part  con- 
cerning their  separability.  The  thorough  study  of  tropical  forms  by 
Eichler  in  his  revision  of  Loranthaceae  for  the  Flora  Brasiliensis,  in 
1868,  supplemented  by  a  reelaboration  of  available  material  when  Urban 
monographed  the  West  Indian  forms,  has  also  prevented  an  increase  in 
the  number  of  South  American  species  at  all  comparable  with  that 
within  our  own  region,  though  the  number  of  names  added  is  relatively 
greater  than  for  the  Antilles.  The  general  results  of  the  study  as  now 
published  were  laid  before  the  Chicago  meeting  of  the  National  Acad- 
emy in  1915,  and  printed  in  brief  form  in  the  initial  number  of  the 
Proceedings  of  the  Academy.* 

NOMENCLATURE 

In  the  following  treatment,  synonymy  has  been  confined  to  citation 
of  the  original  publication  of  each  species  and  of  its  synonyms,  except 
for  its  inclusion  in  either  of  the  classic  publications  on  the  genus  and 
for  reference  to  all  published  illustrations.  No  effort  has  been  made  to 
rectify  the  frequent  use  of  inapplicable  or  inaccurate  names  in  refer- 
ences to  the  plants  in  periodical  literature,  or  in  the  earlier  floras  before 
Viscum  and  Phoradendron  were  differentiated,  except  in  a  very  few 
cases  where  more  than  one  species  was  clearly  referred  to  under  a  new 
name.  To  anyone  needing  to  make  corrections,  the  way  is  rendered 
comparatively  clear  by  the  full  citation  of  localities  and  collectors  which 
follows  the  description  of  each  species. 

The  names  employed  for  the  plants  are  intended  to  be  conformed 
to  the  international  rules  adopted  by  the  Vienna  Congress  of  1905 

*Trelease.  W.  Phoradendron.    Proe.  Nat.  Acad.  Sci.  vol.  1.  p.  30-35.  Jan.  1915. 


NOMENCLATURE— HISTORICAL  5 

except  that  in  one  or  two  cases — notably  that  of  the  plant  usually  known 
as  P.  lati folium — the  American  principle  ''once  a  synonym  always  a 
synonym"  has  led  to  the  adoption  of  a  specific  name  of  more  recent 
origin  than  that  first  used  when  the  latter,  under  Viscum,  was  preoccu- 
pied, even  though  it  does  not  appear  elsewhere  under  Phoradendron; 
and  in  two  or  three  instances — e.  g.  what  is  here  called  P.  Engelmanni — 
a  new  specific  name  has  been  preferred  even  though  an  existing  or  lapsed 
varietal  name  might  have  been  used  in  a  specific  sense.  An  embarrassing 
difficulty  is  introduced  through  Professor  Urban 's  otherwise  unimpeach- 
able publications  in  the  latinization  of  the  customary  Greek  generic 
name  Phoradendron  into  Phoradendrum,  which  compels  a  monographer 
to  choose  between  recombining  the  names  of  all  of  Urban 's  species  under 
the  former  or  recombining  the  still  larger  number  of  earlier  and  classic 
names  under  the  emended  generic  name.  I  have  felt  that  of  the  two 
regrettable  courses  the  former  is  preferable;  and  customary  practice 
retains  numerous  other  generic  names  with  the  Greek  ending. 

HISTORICAL  SUMMARY 

The  exclusively  American  genus  Phoradendron  was  differentiated  in 
1847  from  its  Old  World  equivalent,  Viscum,  by  Nuttall,  its  essential 
characters  being  trimerous  flowers  in  simple  spikes,  with  contiguous 
fruiting  sepals,  as  contrasted  with  tetramerous  solitary  or  simply  cymose 
flowers  and  distinctly  separate  sepals  in  Viscum.  Almost  simultaneously 
with  Nuttall,  Engelmann  recognized  the  generic  separability  of  these 
New-  and  Old-world  mistletoes,  and  segregated  the  latter  under  the 
name  Spiciviscum.  Before  his  description  was  printed  in  1849,  however, 
Nuttall's  paper  had  appeared,  so  that  Dr.  Gray,  to  whom  Engelmann '» 
manuscript  had  been  sent,  though  publishing  the  name  Spiciviscum 
treated  it  as  a  synonym  of  Phoradendron,  and  only  one  species  has  ever 
been  seriously  named  Under  Engelmann 's  proposed  genus. 

Except  for  a  few  which  Humboldt,  Bonpland  and  Kunth  had  placed 
in  Loranthus,  all  of  the  species  now  referred  to  Phoradendron  which 
had  been  published  prior  to  Nuttall's  segregation  of  the  genus  had 
been  described  as  species  of  Viscum,  so  that,  so  far  as  they  antedate  the 
appearance  of  de  Candolle's  monograph  of  Loranthaceae  in  the  Prod- 
romus,  they  were  brought  into  position  under  Viscum  in  that  work. 
Nuttall  himself  named  a  number  of  these  as  pertaining  to  his  new  genus 
and  indicated  clearly  that  this  was  probably  equally  true  of  most  if 
not  all  of  the  American  species  of  Viscum.  Apparently  unacquainted 
with  the  publications  of  Nuttall  and  Engelmann,  Miers  in  1851  sug- 
gested that  the  South  American  species  of  Viscum,  with  anthers  dehis- 
cent by  slits,  were  not  cogeneric  with  the  European  species,  the  anthers 


6  THE  GENUS  PHORADENDRON 

of  which  dehisce  by  numerous  pores,  and  for  the  former  he  proposed 
the  name  Allobium;  but  under  this  no  species  have  ever  been  named. 

Antedating  Nuttall's  publication  of  Phoradendron  by  seven  years, 
the  name  Castrea  falcata  A.  St.  Hil.  (or  Castraea  as  Eichler  writes  it) 
is  to  be  accounted  for,  as  Castrea  has  been  held  to  be  a  synonym  of 
Plioradendron.  The  publication  is  of  an  unfortunate  kind.  Treating 
of  the  stamen  in  his  Legons  de  Botanique  comprenant  principalement 
la  morphologic  vegetale,  Auguste  de  Saint  Hilaire  in  1840  says  (p.  451) 
"Comme  on  voulait  absolument  trouver  dans  toutes  les  plantes  des 
etamines,  ou  du  moins  des  antheres,  on  a  dit  que  le  Viscum  album  avait 
une  anthere  adnee  au  petale  (anth.  adnata)  :  mais,  pour  qu'il  en  fut 
anisi,  il  faudrait  qu'il  y  eut  tout  a  la  fois  petale  et  anthere,  et  ici  il 
n'existe  reellement  qu'  une  corolle  (f.  334)  dont  la  substance  s'est,  a 
de  petits  intervalles,  changee  en  pollen  de  maniere  a  faire  paraitre 
alveolee  la  surface  interieure  des  petales.  II  y  a  plus  encore :  dans  une 
plante  bresilienne  de  la  meme  famille  que  le  Viscum  album,  plante  ou 
trois  petales  sont  soudes  a  leur  base,  je  cherchais  vainement  les  etamines, 
lors  que  je  m'apergus  que  le  pollen  etait  niche  dans  un  pore  qui  se  trouve 
a  P  extremite  pointu  de  chaque  petale  (Castrea  falcata,  f.  335)  ;  et,  par 
consequent,  ici  bien  plus  clairement  encore  que  dans  le  Viscum,  c'est  le 
petale  qui  tient  lieu  d'  etamine,  ou,  pour  mieux  dire,  une  tres-petite 
portion  de  la  substance  interieure  du  petale  s'est  changee  en  pollen. 
Dans  les  etamines  ordinaires,  le  metamorphose  est  plus  complete:  voila 
la  difference."  Again,  on  page  873,  explaining  the  illustration  on  his 
plate  88,  the  writer  says  "dans  le  Viscum  album,  fig.  334,  la  substance 
de  tout  le  petale  se  metamorphose  par  intervalles  en  poussiere  f  econdante, 
de  maniere  a  faire  paraitre  alveolee  la  surface  superieure  du  petale  ;— 
chez  le  Castrea  falcata,  fig.  335,  une  tres-petite  portion  de  la  substance 
dn  petale  s'est  changee  en  pollen,  et  celui-ci  se  trouve  niche  dans  un 
petit  trou  qui  existe  au  sommet  de  chacune  des  trois  parties  de  la 
corolle."  In  the  index  of  plant  names  at  the  end  of  his  volume,  Castrea 
falcata  is  marked  definitely  as  of  the  author  by  the  attachment  of  his 
initials  "ASH". 

It  is  scarcely  probable  that  any  botanist  will  ever  consider  the  genus 
Castrea  sufficiently  characterized  on  such  a  description  of  its  stamens 
to  enter  seriously  into  nomenclature,  and  no  material  is  known  to  exist 
by  which  the  species  referred  to  as  falcata  may  be  ascertained. 

Still  earlier,  in  1839,  Korthals  had  segregated  these  American  mistle- 
toes under  the  sectional  name  Baratostachys  without  removing  them 
from  the  genus  Viscum,  and  so  late  as  1910  Baratostachys  was  accorded 
generic  rank  by  Uphof,— a  procedure  not  likely  to  meet  with  acceptance 
under  existing  nomenclatorial  practice. 

The  principal  contributions  to  our  knowledge  of  the  genus  in  recent 


CHARACTEES— HABIT  7 

times  are  by  Oliver,  who  determined  the  Mexican  and  Central  American 
collections  of  Liebmann  and  Oersted ;  by  Eichler,  who  took  note  of  extra- 
territorial forms  when  revising  the  Loranthaceae  of  Brazil;  and  by 
Urban,  who  rendered  a  similar  service  in  connection  with  his  study  of 
the  family  as  represented  in  the  West  Indies. 

ANALYSIS  OF  CHARACTERS 

A  few  contrasts  may  make  evident  some  of  the  differences  between 
species  in  this  genus  which  may  be  accepted  as  characters  in  their  tax- 
onomy. The  partial  or  complete  neglect  of  these  characters,  to  the  pref- 
erence of  the  more  usually  employed  differences  in  shape  of  foliage, 
etc.,  explains  the  insufficiency  of  such  earlier  treatment  as  that  of  the 
elder  de  Candolle  in  his  very  clean-cut  elaboration  of  Viscum  in  the 
Prodromus,  in  1830,  and  accounts  for  the  confusion  of  our  own  species 
by  the  usually  very  accurate  and  acute  Engelmann;  and  their  tacit  or 
explicit  recognition  underlies  the  masterly  work  of  Eichler  and  Urban 
in  revisions  respectively  of  Brazilian  and  West  Indian  forms.  That 
these  differences  have  been  neglected  so  generally  depends  rather  on 
their  seeming  insignificance  than  on  difficulty  in  seeing  them. 

COLOR. — How  generally  the  color  of  normally  vegetating  mistletoes 
offers  differential  characters  remains  to  be  recorded.  As  is  true  of  all 
of  the  species  of  the  related  genus  Arceuthobium  or  Razoumofskya,  a 
number  of  the  species  of  Phoradendron  that  grow  on  conifers,  e.  g.  P. 
juniperinum,  P.  densum,  etc.,'  are  of  an  olive  or  brownish  shade,  the 
West  Indian  P.  flavens  gets  its  name  from  a  very  striking  yellow  color- 
ation, and  some  of  the  mistletoes  that  reach  our  market  at  Christmas 
time,  e.  g.  P.  macrophyllum,  possess  a  very  beautiful  golden  coloring, 
perhaps  as  the  result  of  a  partial  etiolation  after  collection;  but  the 
prevailing  color  appears  to  be  green,  more  or  less  dulled  or  shaded  by  a 
tinge  of  gray  or  olive. 

HABIT. — No  doubt  personal  familiarity  in  the  field  with  the  different 
species  of  Plwradendron  will  reveal  several  differences  in  aspect  that 
cannot  now  be  used  in  their  characterization,  for  even  limited  acquaint- 
ance with  them  in  nature  shows  that  they  are  far  from  uniform  in 
habit  of  growth.  For  the  present,  however,  it  can  be  said  only  that  in 
this  respect  most  species  of  Phoradendron  resemble  the  common  Euro- 
pean Viscum  in  their  bunched  tufts,  so  that  a  winter  picture  of  either 
may  easily  be  mistaken  for  that  of  the  other  (PI.  1).  A  marked  excep- 
tion is  found  in  some  of  the  desert  mistletoes,  like  P.  calif  ornicum  and 
P,  Libocedri  (PI.  2),  which  when  seen  from  a  distance  sometimes  suggest 
the  cactus  genus  Rhipsalis  in  their  long  pendent  tufts :  and  the  Mexican 
P.  calyculatum  and  a  few  other  species  form  wide-spreading  fountain- 
like  masses  of  still  greater  size. 


8  THE  GENUS  PHOEADENDEON 

STEM. — Though  it  frequently  happens  that  only  one  of  the  two 
opposed  buds  at  a  node  develops  into  a  branch,  so  that  a  pseudodicho- 
tomous  forking  may  appear,  the  greater  number  of  species,  including 
all  of  those  in  our  own  flora,  are  monopodial  or  percurrent  in  their 
growth ;  but  a  comparison  of  P.  flavens  and  P.  racemosum,  for  example, 
among  the  West  Indian  species,  shows  that  in  the  former  the  percurrent 
growth  is  very  constant,  while  in  the  latter  the  main  axis  is  so  rarely 
continued  that  forking,  or,  through  accessory  development,  fasciculation 
of  the  stems  is  all  but  the  universal  rule.  In  P.  cymosum  and  a  group 
of  related  species  the  suppression  of  the  main  vegetative  stem  is  further 
accentuated  through  its  replacement  by  a  flowering  spike,  so  that  the 
seeming  dichotomy  of  P.  racemosum  is  here  replaced  by  a  cymose  forking. 

While  all  of  our  own  species  have  a  terete  or  nearly  terete  stem, 
squarish  in  some  of  the  mountain  forms,  such  a  species  as  P.  vernicosum 
presents  the  phenomenon  of  its  compression  into  an  elliptical  cross  sec- 
tion below  the  nodes ;  in  P.  carneum,  etc.  it  is  sharply  2-  keeled :  in  P. 
peruvianum,  etc.,  it  is  convexly  sword-shaped,  and  it  becomes  2-  winged 
in  P.  dipterum  or  even  very  thin  and  broad  in  P.  platycaulon.  P.  rubrum 
and  many  other  species  have  a  comparable  sword-like  compression 
accompanied  by  a  rhombic  keeling  of  the  broad  surface,  with  extremes 
from  little  to  marked  widening  reaching  its  culmination  in  the  very 
broadly  winged  stems  of  the  Mexican  species  which  Hooker  mistook  for 
Viscum  falcatum  (PI.  62,  63).  P.  trinervium  and  a  number  of  other 
tropical  species  have  this  rhombic  keeling  amplified  into  a  sharply  and 
nearly  equally  4-  angled  character,  which  in  P.  tetrapterum  and  a  few 
others  develops  into  a  strong  and  often  undulate  winging.  As  a  rule 
these  stem  peculiarities  are  most  evident  on  the  uppermost  internodes 
of  a  branch ;  sometimes  they  disappear  entirely  as  the  stem  ages,  or  are 
represented  by  a  faint  lining  on  otherwise  nearly  or  quite  terete  older 
internodes:  in  one  species,  P.  paradoxum,  terete-based  and  ancipital 
internodes  regularly  alternate  in  the  branches. 

LEAP. — If,  as  is  the  case,  leaf -form  in  this  genus  varies  in  the  same 
species  or  even  on  the  same  branch  so  greatly  as  to  prevent  its  use  with 
precision  for  the  differentiation  of  closely  related  forms,  and  though 
identical  shapes  may  be  presented  by  the  leaves  of  species  not  at  all 
related,  the  foliage  of  a  given  species  comes  with  familiarity  to  present 
a  collective  effect  that  is  characteristic  so  far  as  it  goes.  Knowledge  of 
the  species  when  growing  is  certain  to  reveal  very  marked  differences 
in  texture,  veining,  and  direction  of  the  leaves  which  are  lost  or  uncertain 
in  the  herbarium;  but  even  in  dried  specimens  many  foliage  charac- 
ters may  be  picked  out.  In  P.  Eggersii  and  a  relatively  small  number 
of  other  species,  distinct  clean  cut  petioles  are  found,  while  in 


CHAEACTEBS— LEAF  9 

others,  like  P.  affine,  the  leaves  are  technically  sessile ;  but  in  the  greater 
number  the  leaf  is  attenuated  into  what  almost  equally  well  may  be 
called  a  winged  petiole  or  a  subsessile  base.  In  one  group  only,  that  of 
P.  amplexicaule,  the  base  or  petiole  is  dilated  or  clasping  at  its  insertion. 

Comparison  of  two  such  species  as  P.  flavens  and  P.  racemosum 
reveals  a  marked  contrast  in  the  position  of  the  principal  nerves  which 
are  found  in  all  of  the  larger  leaves  in  this  genus, — the  former  being 
distinctly  basinerved,  and  the  latter  pinnately  veined.  Occasionally,  as 
in  P.  chrysocladon,  the  stronger  of  the  nerves  in  one  of  the  former  group 
gives  off  a  few  fine  or  indistinct  lateral  veins :  in  P.  Eggersii,  P.  peruvi- 
anum  and  a  few  others  the  midrib,  strong  and  heavily  branched  below, 
disappears  below  the  middle  of  the  leaf;  and  in  a  very  few  cases  the 
vascular  group  of  the  petiole  continues  for  a  short  distance  into  the 
expanded  blade  before  breaking  into  its  component  bundles  to  form  the 
nerves  of  the  leaf. 

Great  differences  are  found  in  leaf  texture  and  venation,  but  as  a 
rule  species  that  are  closely  related  differ  little  in  this  respect.  The 
terminalogy  of  such  characters  when  observed  in  the  herbarium  is  likely 
to  prove  misleading  when  applied  to  fresh  material,  but  however  it 
may  be  corrected  to  suit  the  latter  it  will  always  prove  necessary  when 
future  collections  are  compared  with  the  types  to  which  they  correspond. 
As  an  illustration  may  be  cited  our  common  eastern  mistletoe,  P.  flaves- 
cens,  which  possesses  rather  fleshy  leaves  with  heavy  somewhat  raised 
nerves  when  fresh  or  wilting,  but  appears  subcoriaceous  in  the  herbar- 
ium ;  while  the  related  P.  villosum  of  the  West  Coast  is  rather  coriaceous 
even  when  fresh.  As  examples  of  some  of  the  extremes  in  this  respect 
shown  by  herbarium  material,  may  be  noted  P.  undulatum  and  the 
aggregate  of  forms  commonly  called  P.  latifolium,  in  which  a  heavily 
raised  midrib  is  seen  beneath,  while  some  difficulty  may  be  found  in  dis- 
tinguishing its  pinnately  placed  branches:  P.  robustissimum,  in  which 
the  nervation  is  very  inconspicuous  in  the  opaque  closely  papillate 
leaves:  the  group  of  Andean  species  which  I  am  calling  "Andinae", 
in  which  the  leaf  dries  thin  with  sharply  raised  fine  nerves :  and  P.  flavens 
and  its  allies,  which  are  finely  nerved  and  venulose  and  wrinkled  above, 
while  beneath  they  are  smooth  and  dull  except  for  the  nerves  which 
project  heavily,  at  least  toward  the  base.  How  far  the  fleshiness  of 
both  stem  and  leaf  varies  in  fresh  material  can  be  inferred  only  for 
most  species;  but  the  rugulose  upper  surface  of  the  leaves  in  those  last 
mentioned  and  in  the  Brazilian  P.  chrysocladon  no  doubt  will  find 
ready  explanation  in  structure,  as  will  the  very  heavy  wrinkling  of  the 
stem  in  P.  fragile  and  other  species  and  its  uniform  fine  cross-striation 
in  P.  Fid  and  one  or  two  others. 


10  THE  GENUS  PHORADENDRON 

INFLORESCENCE. — The  essential  characters  of  Phoradendron  in  its 
group  of  Loranthaceous  genera  are  chiefly  its  axillary  spikes  of  small 
unisexual  and  monochlamydeous  sessile  flowers  (PI.  5-6),  often  sunken 
in  hollows  of  the  frequently  swollen  internodes  of  the  rachis  and  nor- 
mally trimerous  (PI.  7),  with  2-celled  longitudinally  dehiscent  anthers. 
A  very  few  species,  like  P.  cymosum,  present  the  phenomenon  of  a  termi- 
nal spike  corresponding  to  the  1-  or  few-flowered  cyme  of  the  old  world 
Viscum,  but  in  addition  to  axillary  spikes.  Except  in  the  species  taken 
by  Hooker  for  falcatum,  the  receptacular  cups,  which  range  from  so  shal- 
low as  hardly  to  surround  the  base  of  the  flower  to  a  depth  covering  a 
noticeable  part  of  the  mature  fruit,  are  essentially  even  on  their  margin ; 
but  in  this  species  the  cup  is  sometimes  parted  so  as  to  present  the  ap- 
pearance of  a  deeply  divided  calyx.  The  flowers, — with  a  small  vestigial 
nectar  gland  and  apparently  adapted  to  pollination  by  such  short- 
tongued  insects  as  flies  and  small  bees,* — are  usually  yellowish  green 
when,  expanded,  but  in  P.  Brittonianum  and  some  of  its  relatives  the 
sepals  are  blood-red  even  before  anthesis.  Some  species  are  known  to  be 
apogamoust  and  apogamy  is  to  be  expected  in  many  others,  a  circum- 
stance very  probably  connected,  as  in  Taraxacum  and  Hieracium,  with 
polymorphism  or  close  affinity  in  species  as  now  understood.  So  far  as 
I  know,  polyembryony,  recorded  for  Viscum  and  Arceutliobobium  or 
Razoumofskya,$  has  not  yet  been  observed  in  Phoradendron. 

While  the  number  of  internodes  composing  a  flowering  spike  varies 
in  most  species  it  usually  varies  within  small  limits,  and  its  mean  appears 
to  be  available  in  most  cases  in  the  recognition  of  a  species.  Contrasts 
are  afforded  by  P.  Libocedri,  P.  cuneifolium,  P.  emarginatum,  P.  flaves- 
cens,  P.  polygynum,  etc.  Sometimes  corresponding  to  the  number  of 
joints,  sometimes  to  their  length,  and  sometimes  to  both,  the  length  of 
the  spike  also  presents  differences  of  taxonomic  value  if  used  not  too 
arbitrarily,  e.  g.,  in  P.  emarginatum,  P.  flavescens,  P.  macrotomum,  and 
P.  polygynum.  In  all  of  our  own  species  the  plants  are  strictly  dioe- 
cious ;  and,  as  a  rule,  staminate  spikes  are  longer  than  pistillate  and  bear 
more  flowers  (PI.  5).  This  is  known  to  be  true  also  of  a  number  of 
tropical  species,  such  as  P.  Wattii;  in  others,  prevailingly  if  not  exclu- 
sively staminate  and  pistillate  spikes  showing  something  of  the  same 
dimorphism  occur  monoeciously  on  the  same  plant.  Though  usually  not 
too  closely  applicable  as  between  related  species,  the  number  and 

*Honey  and  pollen  are  said  to  be  gathered  from  some  species: — Richter,  Bull. 
217,  Calif.  Exper.  Sta. — Sholl,  Bull.  102,  Texas  Exper.  Sta.  The  staminate  flowers 
of  P.  villosum  are  said  to  have  the  odor  of  pond  lilies,  by  Piper  and  Beattie,  Flora 
of  the  Northwest  Coast,  p.  124. 

tC/.  York,  Bot.  Gaz.  vol.  56.  p.  201. 

\Cf.  Weir,  Phytopathology,  vol.  4.  p.  385. 


CHAEACTEES— INFLOEESCENCE,  FBUIT  11 

arrangement  of  the  flowers  on  a  given  spike  present  equally  charac- 
teristic differences,  but  with  the  qualification  that  flowers  of  the  upper- 
most joints  may  be  fewer  in  number  and  simpler  in  grouping  than  be- 
low, while  one  or  two  of  the  lowest  joints  may  be  partly  or  entirely  with- 
out flowers, — the  lowermost  almost  universally  being  reduced  to  a  sterile 
peduncle.  The  greater  number  of  tropical  species  differ  from  those  of  the 
north  in  being  androgynous  through  the  occurrence  of  a  number  of 
staminate  flowers  on  spike- joints  that  are  otherwise  pistillate,  or,  less 
commonly — and  sometimes  differentiated  by  the  term  "gynandrous", 
through  the  occurrence  of  a  few  pistillate  flowers  on  otherwise  staminate 
joints,  as  many  of  Eichler's  accurately  drawn  plates  show  very  beauti- 
fully. Except  in  a  broad  way,  these  differences  do  not  appear  to  be 
practically  applicable  in  contrasting  species,  though  representing  in  part 
morphological  differences  of  fundamental  taxonomic  value. 

The  prevailing  grouping  of  the  flowers  is  in  2,  4,  or  6  series  on  each 
joint  of  the  spike,  i.  e.,  in  1,  2,  or  3  ranks  over  each  of  the  two  scales  by 
which  it  is  subtended.  Examples  of  the  first  and  last  are  given  by  P. 
laxiflorum  (2),  and  P.  flavescens  (6),  and  where  the  joints  are  unisexual 
these  numbers  commonly  prevail,  though  four  series  may  be  found  by 
reduction  and  as  many  as  ten  by  increase  when  the  number  is  typically 
six.  When  the  joints  are  androgynous,  the  staminate  flowers  often  occur 
at  top  between  the  normal  ranks  over  each  scale,  and  this  condition  is 
usually  accentuated  on  luxuriant  spikes  and  sometimes  on  all  by  the 
downward  intrusion  of  a  partial  or  complete  third  series  over  each  scale. 
For  the  separation  of  the  groups  into  which  species  fall,  I  have  found  it 
most  convenient  to  use  the  prevalence  of  2  or  6  series  of  flowers  on  the 
joint  as  a  differential,  providing  as  an  intermediate  the  prevalence  of 
the  interjected  two  series  under  the  designation  4-4- 2.  A  glance  at  P. 
domingense  (2),  P.  trinervium  (4  or  4+2),  P.  hexastichum  (6)  and  P. 
TAndavianum  (6  to  10)  will  make  these  distinctions  evident, — more  than 
6  ranks  being  very  unusual  except  in  some  tropical  species  with  leaves 
venulose  above  and  dull  beneath,  and  in  some  of  our  northern  forms. 

FRUIT. — Unfortunately  the  mature  fresh  fruit  of  few  species  is  suf- 
ficiently well  known  to  make  its  description  satisfactorily  possible,  and 
species  that  are  now  widely  separated  or  brought  into  juxtaposition  may 
come  to  rest  elsewhere  when  subjected  to  the  test  of  this  character.  The 
mistletoes  with  which  we  are  acquainted  in  our  eastern  woods  or  which 
come  to  our  Christmas  market  owe  their  attractiveness  to  translucent 
white  berries  (PI.  24),  sometimes  shaded  greenish  yellow  or  creamy, — 
a  color  often  changing  in  drying  for  the  herbarium  into  a  sometimes 
seemingly  glaucous  blue-black,  as  appears  to  be  the  case  with  such  of  the 
tropical  species  as  have  clear  white  fruit.  In  contrast,  the  desert  mistle- 
toes, P.  calif ornicum,  and  its  conifer-inhabiting  allies  (PL  4),  produce 
honey-  or  straw-colored  berries,  more  or  less  tinged  with  red,  and  such 


12  THE  GENUS  PHOEADENDRON 

tropical  species  as  P.  chrysocarpum,  said  to  have  white  or  yellow  berries 
when  fresh,  have  the  fruit  represented  in  the  herbarium  with  a  dull 
leathery  looking  surface,  the  epidermal  cells  of  which  have  a  brassy  glint 
as  on  other  young  parts  of  these  plants.  The  pulpy  red  berries  of  P. 
rubrum,  more  or  less  blackened  when  dry,  are  distinctly  reticulate  under 
a  lens  by  the  outlines  of  their  small  epidermal  cells,  and  if,  as  in  P.  com- 
mutatum,  these  are  convex,  a  velvety-dullness  is  imparted  by  them  to 
the  surface.  P.  emarginatum  and  its  allies,  as  well  as  P.  Eggersii  and 
a  few  other  tropical  species,  have  the  surface  of  the  fruit  distinctly 
warty :  such  warts  may  be  more  or  less  confluent  into  wrinkles,  and  in 
P.  Grisebachianum  the  pulp  becomes  very  deeply  wrinkled.  This  sug- 
gests a  range  of  characters  as  yet  to  be  made  out  with  sufficient  certainty 
for  safe  application  as  differential.  Another  fruit  character  that  will 
doubtless  prove  of  much  taxonomic  value  should  be  derived  from  the 
seed  and  its  investing  coat  of  fibres  (PI.  10),  between  which  and  the 
outer  skin  lies  the  mass  of  viscid  pulp  for  which  mistletoes  have  long 
been  known :  in  shape  and  size  this  appears  to  differ  considerably  when 
different  species  are  compared,  but  its  utilization  must  rest  on  compara- 
tive study  of  the  mature  fruits  of  many  species.  In  most  species  the 
ripe  fruit  is  globose,  often  varying  into  ellipsoid  as  in  some  of  our  south- 
ern mistletoes,  or  egg-shaped,  as  in  P.  chrysocarpum, — depressed  and 
elongated  modifications  of  these  forms  being  frequent.  Sometimes,  but 
it  is  hard  to  tell  how  constantly  or  characteristically,  a  short  neck  with 
sub-parallel  sides  is  noticeable,  as  in  P.  calif ornicum  (PI.  8).  Rarely, 
as  in  P.  acinacifolium  and  its  allies,  the  fruit  is  distinctly  elongated,  the 
ellipsoid  or  ovoid  fruits  of  other  groups  being  not  much  longer  than  thick , 
and  in  P.  trinervium,  which  ultimately  has  nearly  globose  berries,  the 
partly  matured  fruit  is  similarly  lengthened.  Usually  the  berries  are 
glabrous,  but  in  some  of  our  western  species  they  or  their  sepals  are 
somewhat  hairy ;  and  P.  Robinsonii,  P.  Palmeri,  and  a  few  other  tropical 
species,  have  retrorsely  hirsute  berries.  When  the  fruit  of  P.  villosum 
is  compared  with  that  of  P.  flavescens,  the  sepals  with  which  the  berry 
is  crowned  are  seen  to  be  ascending  and  somewhat  separated  in  the 
former,  but  closely  inflexed  and  meeting  in  the  latter, — a  difference 
observable  everywhere,  the  erect  or  widely  parted  sepals  of  such  species 
as  P.  acinacifolium,  P.  trinervium  and  P.  Eggersii  being  especially 
noticeable  (PI.  8,  9). 

SCALES. — One  of  the  characters  most  available  and  significant  in  the 
classification  of  the  species  of  PTioradendron  is  a  fundamental  difference 
in  their  leaves.  By  far  the  larger  number  of  species  have  unmistakable 
foliage,  but  our  western  group  to  which  P.  calif  ornicum  and  P.  juniper- 
inum  belong  have  their  leaves  reduced  to  short  thin  scales  (PI.  4)  which 
resemble  those  of  the  related  genus  Arceuthobium  or  Razoumofskya  so 


CHARACTEES— SCALES,  CATAPHYLS  13 

closely  that  species  of  either  genus  are  commonly  to  be  found  in  herbaria 
as  representative  of  the  other.  Unlike  typical  foliage  leaves,  these  scales 
do  not  disarticulate,  though  a  constriction  at  the  base  of  the  scales  in 
two  forms  (PL  3)  affords  partial  ground  for  their  specific  recognition: 
one  species  of  the  Mexican  mountains,  P.  minutifolium,  has  almost 
equally  small  if  fleshy  disarticulating  leaves:  and  two  of  the  South 
American  species,  P.  tunaeforme  and  P.  fragile,  are  characterized  by 
bearing  small  scale-like  leaves  only, — a  character  also  encountered  in 
the  related  genus  Dendrophtlwra. 

CATAPHYLS. — If  any  species  of  the  United  States,  for  example  P. 
Eatoni  of  the  everglades  of  Florida,  is  compared  with  any  West  Indian 
or  South  American  species,  for  example  P.  rubrum  of  the  Bahamas,  the 
latter  will  be  found  to  possess  constantly  in  addition  to  its  foliage  one 
or  more  pairs  of  scale-leaves  at  least  on  the  lowermost  joint  of  every 
branch.  Comparable  with  the  scales  of  the  flowering  spikes  and  with 
the  stem-scales  of  P.  juniperinum  etc.,  these  cataphyls  afford  by  their 
presence  or  absence  what  proves  to  be  one  of  the  most  important  char- 
acters for  the  primary  division  of  the  genus  Phoradendron.  Usually 
cataphyls  do  not  subtend  flowers  or  spikes,  apparently  serving  no  func- 
tion further  than  the  protection  they  may  afford  the  shoot  in  its  earliest 
development;  but  in  P.  crassifolium  and  P.  craspedophllum  spikes  are 
regularly  and  characteristically  found  in  the  axils  of  some  of  the  cata- 
phyls, and  less  characteristically  in  a  few  other  cases. 

Never  found  in  any  species  of  the  United  States,  absent  from  three- 
fourths  of  those  of  Mexico  and  Central  America,  but  invariably  present 
in  all  of  the  South  American  and  West  Indian  species,  these  scales  are 
usually  confined  when  present  to  the  basal  joint  of  each  branch,  though 
in  cases  of  true  or  cymose  forking  they  are  found  on  all  joints — since 
only  basal  joints  are  then  present.  In  a  very  small  percentage,  only, 
of  the  tropical  species  with  percurrent  or  monopodial  branching,  e.  g. 
P.  flavens  and  P.  crassifolium  and  their  allies,  cataphyls  are  found  on 
all  foliage  internodes ;  and  in  a  single  known  species,  P.  paradoxum,  the 
stem  is  made  up  of  rather  terete  joints  with  cataphyls  and  ancipital 
joints  without  them,  in  regular  alternating  succession. 

PARASITISM,  HOSTS  AND  ENEMIES 

All  of  the  species  of  PJioradendron  are  parasitic.  In  the  rather  few 
cases  in  which  they  are  considered  as  noxious  parasites  interest  centers 
about  the  trees  on  which  they  occur,  though  their  fruit  is  said  to  be 
poisonous*.  Unfortunately  the  hosts  of  a  very  large  part  of  the  tropical 

*Cf.  Bray,  W.  L.  The  mistletoe  pest  in  the  southwest.  Bull.  no.  166,  Bur.  PI. 
Industry,  U.  S.  Dep.  Agr.  1910. — Hedgcock,  G.  G.  Notes  on  some  diseases  of  trees 
in  our  national  forests. — V.  Phytopathology,  vol.  5.  p.  175-181.  June  1915. — Pam- 
mel,  Manual  of  poisonous  plants,  p.  106,  415-6,  836.  f.  196. 


14  THE  GENUS  PHORADENDKON 

species  remain  to  be  noted  and  observers  and  collectors  who  interest 
themselves  in  the  genus  in  the  future  will  do  well  to  pay  particular  atten- 
tion to  this  point. 

So  far  as  I  know,  none  of  the  representatives  of  this  genus  attack 
either  tree  ferns  or  Monocotyledons,  and  relatively  few  are  found  on 
Conifers :  the  majority  affect  woody  Dicotyledons.  Though  sometimes, 
as  in  the  case  of  our  common  mistletoe  P.  flavescens,  occurring  on  a  num- 
ber of  unrelated  hosts,  most  of  the  species  appear  to  be  restricted  in 
this  respect,  though  to  what  extent  is  to  be  shown,  rather  than  inferred 
from  the  scanty  information  now  at  hand.  The  oak,  known  in  connec- 
tion with  the  European  mistletoe  rather  from  its  infrequency  as  a  host 
than  because  it  is  often  seen  to  support  the  parasite,  is  one  of  the  most 
frequently  attacked  trees  on  our  own  continent  except  in  the  Northeast ; 
and  in  the  Southwest  the  sycamore,  mesquite,  cottonwood,  hackberry 
and  elm  are  much  parasitised.  Though  the  European  Viscum  sometimes 
occurs  on  Conifers,  these  trees,  which  support  the  related  genus  Arceutho- 
bium  or  Razoumofskya  in  abundance,  appear  to  be  attacked  by  only  a 
limited  number  of  species  of  Phoradendron  which  constitute  a  well- 
limited  group,  the  ' '  Pauciflorae, "  and  this  group  is  strictly  confined  to 
Conifers  except  for  one  species,  P.  calif ornicum,  which  affects  a  variety 
of  Angiosperms  but  no  Gymnosperms,  and  P.  Bolleanum  which,  in  addi- 
tion to  coniferous  hosts,  has  been  collected  on  Arbutus.  The  succulent 
Cactaceae  support  one  species,  P.  Kuntzei. 

Secondary  parasitism  is  not  at  all  unknown  in  the  genus,  though  re- 
stricted to  its  tropical  species,  one  group  of  which,  the  ' '  Amplectentes, ' ' 
exhibits  this  trait  markedly.  Except  when  they  serve  as  hosts  for  other 
mistletoes,  the  Phoradendrons  do  not  appear  to  suffer  much  from  the 
attacks  of  parasites.  I  have  seen  a  single  collection  (P.  antttlarum) 
in  which  a  mistletoe  was  overgrown  by  Cuscuta.  Few  fungi  are  known 
for  them  even  when  dead  ;*  and  the  number  of  insects  known  to  attack 
them  is  very  limited,!  though  some  southwestern  collections  are  badly 
infested  by  scale  insects. 

ORIGIN  OF  THE  GENUS 

Questions  as  to  the  origin  of  families  like  the  Loranthaceae  are  doubly 
difficult  because  complicated  by  parasitism  and  attendant  reduction.  Of 
a  group  of  families  with  little-differentiated  ovules  and  seeds  which  Van 
Tieghem  has  brought  together  under  the  name  "  Inseminees, "  the  Loran- 
thaceae give  every  indication  of  tropical  Asiatic  origin,  and  the  family 

*Cf.  Saceardo,  Sylloge  Fungorum, — host  index. — The  related  genus  Arceuiholium 
is  likewise  free  from  fungi. — Cf.  Weir,  Journ.  Agr.  Eesearch.  vol.  4.  p.  369. 
}Cf.  Schwarz,  Proc.  Entomol.  Soc.  Washington,    vol.  4.  p.  397. 


OEIGIN— EANGE  OF  SPECIES  15 

extends  around  the  earth  in  the  warmer  zones,  reaching  well  toward  the 
limits  of  the  cool-temperate  latitudes  in  both  hemispheres.  Increasing 
knowledge  of  its  forms  has  gradually  led  not  only  to  the  segregation  of  as 
markedly  different  genera  as  Viscum  and  Plioradendron,  Loranthus  and 
Psittacanthus,  etc.,  but  to  recognition  that  nearly  all  of  the  genera  are 
exclusively  either  of  the  New  World  or  of  the  Old  World — the  most 
marked  exception  being  the  small  and  simple  genus  Arceuthobium  or 
Razoumofskya,  with  American,  European  and  Asiatic  species. 

These  facts  point  to  anything  but  a  recent  migration  of  American 
and  European  stocks  from  the  original  center  of  distribution;  at  the 
same  time  they  do  not  point  to  a  very  ancient  origin  for  our  own  genera. 
Perhaps  because  of  their  very  common  occurrence  in  upland  regions — 
though  P.  flavescens,  for  instance,  may  be  found  in  the  greatest  abun- 
dance on  trees  in  swamps  or  river  bottoms — and  even  more  because  of 
their  generally  fleshy  substance  with  relatively  little  lignification,  our 
mistletoes  have  scarcely  left  fossil  remains,  one  Tertiary  species,  only, 
P.  fosstte  of  Ecuador,  being  recorded  as  thus  far  recognized  in  the  genus 
Phoradendron.  Everything  considered,  the  genus  may  be  regarded  as 
probably  of  late  Tertiary  origin  in  the  New  World.  When  and  where 
on  this  continent  its  two  primary  subdivisions  came  into  existence  will 
make  a  fascinating  subject  for  future  study. 

RANGE  OF  SPECIES 

In  the  geographic  distribution  of  its  species,  Plioradendron  is  rather 
unusually  instructive.  The  genus  is  strictly  American  and  extends  from 
Washington,  Southern  Colorado,  the  mouth  of  the  Ohio  River  and  South- 
ern New  Jersey  to  the  mouth  of  the  La  Plata  on  the  continent,  and 
through  the  entire  West  Indian  chain :  one  species  occurs  in  the  Pacific 
island  Guadalupe,  and  two  are  found  in  the  Galapagos  group  of  Pacific 
islands — both  oceanic  but  with  American  floras.  None  of  its  many  spe- 
cies of  fairly  homogeneous  character  possesses  a  very  wide  geographic 
range.  Marked  examples  of  wide-spread  occurrence  are  afforded  only 
by  such  polymorphous  species  as  what  is  usually  called  P.  latifolium,  or 
an  assemblage  of  intricately  related  if  differentiable  species  like  that 
usually  known  as  P.  rubrum  or  P.  quadrangular e,  which  range  from 
Brazil  to  Central  Mexico  and  well  through  the  West  Indies.  Few  spe- 
cies, indeed,  equal  in  absolute  range  our  native  P.  flavescens,  which  occurs 
from  southern  New  Jersey  to  the  lower  Wabash,  Oklahoma  and  eastern 
Texas,  reaching  southeast  to  the  gulf  and  ocean. 

Admirably  endowed  with  mea,ns  of  free  dissemination  through  their 
berries  with  extremely  viscid  pulp,  which  leads  to  their  dispersal  by 
birds,  these  mistletoes  seem  limited  nevertheless  to  a  surprising  extent  by 


16  THE  GENUS  PHOEADENDEON 

ordinary  barriers  to  plant  migration.*  Like  the  similar  European 
Viscum  album,  with  its  scarce-definable  races  capable  of  effective  germ- 
ination only  on  the  host-species  from  which  the  seed  came,  our  eastern 
P.  flavescens  though  attacking  a  large  variety  of  plants  is  usually  found 
confined  to  a  single  host  in  a  given  region,  and  such  experiments  as  have 
been  made  on  it  show  that  it  can  be  transferred  from  one  host  to  another 
with  difficulty  if  at  all.  How  far  this  may  be  concerned  in  the  poly- 
morphism of  this  species  and  how  far  its  like  may  serve  to  limit  the 
dispersal  of  most  species,  is  at  present  a  matter  of  conjecture  only. 

Viewed  on  broad  geographic  lines,  the  species  of  Phoradendron  usu- 
ally occupy  areas  that  present  severally  an  assemblage  of  fairly  uniform 
meteorologic  features  with  limiting  environment, — in  this  respect  agree- 
ing with  most  other  plants  and  with  animals.  The  regions  in  which  the 
species  of  Plwradendron  occur  or  which,  like  the  great  valleys  of  South 
America,  separate  them,  are  indicated  on  the  accompanying  map.  Few 
species  range  throughout  any  one  of  these  regions,  and  it  is  very  rare 
for  a  species  to  reach  from  one  into  the  other. 

TAXONOMIC  SUMMARY 

Briefly  summarized,  the  purely  taxonomic  part  of  my  study  of  the 
genus  leads  to  the  conclusion  that  Phoradendron  may  be  best  divided 
into  two  primary  groups,  respectively  constantly  without  and  constantly 
with  cataphyls  on  their  foliage  shoots :  for  the  first  I  am  using  the  name 
Boreales  since  its  species  alone  are  represented  in  the  north ;  and  for  the 
other,  Aequatoriales  since  only  its  species  are  found  in  the  equatorial 
region.  Species  destitute  of  expanded  foliage  are  found  in  each  group 
in  small  numbers.  Those  of  the  first  group  are  pubescent  for  the  most 
part,  while  only  two  of  the  second  group  are  more  than  papillately  rough- 
ened. The  Boreales  appear  to  be  strictly  dioecious;  the  Aequatoriales 
for  the  most  part,  though  not  exclusively,  are  monoecious,  usually  with 
some  or  all  of  their  spikes  androgynous. 

So  far  as  shown  by  the  material  now  contained  in  the  great  herbaria 
at  Washington,  New  York,  St.  Louis,  Brussels,  (where  von  Martius'  per- 
sonal herbarium  is),  Copenhagen,  Kew,  Munich  (where  von  Martius' 
official  collection  is),  Geneva,  Buda  Pest,  Prag  and  Dahlem,  and  in  many 
smaller  collections,  I  find  a  total  of  277  differentiate  forms  of  which  I 
regard  240  as  species,  and  of  which  66,  or  23  per  cent.,  are  of  the  Boreales 
and  211,  or  77  per  cent.,  are  of  the  Aequatoriales. 

The  distribution  of  the  main  groups  (forms  which  occur  in  more  than 

*Hedgeock  believes  light  to  be  a  very  important  factor  in  determining  their 
spreading, — Journ.  Wash.  Acad.  vol.  3.  p.  265 ;  and  Viscum  is  known  to  need  light  for 
germination. 


TAXONOMIC  SUMMARY— ILLUSTRATIONS  17 

one  region  being  included  in  each)  is : — Boreales :  Total  66 ;  United  States 
28;  Mexico  48;  Central  America  2;  West  Indies  0;  South  America  0. 
Aequatoriales :  Total  211 ;  United  States  0 ;  Mexico  29 ;  Central  America 
20 ;  West  Indies  38 ;  South  America  134. 

Of  the  Boreales  41,  or  two-thirds,  and  of  the  Aequatoriales  87,  or  two- 
fifths,  are  now  characterized  as  new.  A  very  large  percentage  of  the 
forms  that  have  been  accorded  specific  rank  by  earlier  writers  are  still 
kept  up  even  though  they  had  passed  into  synonymy.  Later  studies, 
especially  in  the  field,  in  the  light  of  the  conclusions  now  reached,  may 
be  looked  to  with  confidence  not  only  to  bring  to  recognition  many  spe- 
cies not  yet  collected,  but  to  make  possible  the  trustworthy  subordina- 
tion or  merging  of  some  of  the  forms  that  are  now  held  for  species.  As 
my  study  has  proceeded,  I  have  had  the  satisfaction  of  finding  my  own 
opinion  in  accord  with  the  view  of  a  number  of  the  most  experienced 
systematists,  that  in  a  monographic  assemblage  such  as  is  here  offered 
no  lasting  harm  can  come  from  the  most  radical  segregation  of  forms 
possible  on  morphologic  and  geographic  considerations,  while  on  the  other 
hand  a  blending  of  widely  dissociated  forms  or  of  such  as  differ  greatly 
in  their  extremes  though  without  as  yet  definable  breaks  in  the  series, 
e.g.  P.  piperoides,  leaves  the  work  to  be  taken  up  once  more  from  the 
very  foundation,  and  with  reference  to  all  of  the  original  materials  that 
may  have  survived. 

ILLUSTRATIONS 

To  any  one  who  has  ever  wished  to  compare  an  American  mistletoe 
with  an  authentic  illustration,  it  has  become  evident  at  once  that  such 
illustrations  scarcely  exist  apart  from  the  superb  plates  on  which  Eichler 
figured  many  of  the  Brazilian  species.  It  has  been  my  aim  to  picture 
the  more  essential  features  of  every  species  without  alteration  of  size,  by 
aid  of  the  camera,  and  if  possible  from  type  specimens — not  only  of  the 
species  as  accepted  but  of  forms  which  have  been  given  names  that  have 
passed  into  synonymy.  That  every  species  has  been  figured,  and  that 
scarcely  a  half-dozen  types,  even  of  synonyms,  are  unpictured,  may  be 
my  excuse  for  adding  that  words  are  lacking  to  express  adequately  my 
gratitude  to  the  many  botanists  of  Europe  and  North  America  who  have 
opened  their  collections  to  me  without  restrictions,  and  in  some  cases 
have  allowed  type  material  to  follow  me  across  the  Atlantic  or  have  re- 
placed photographs  which  were  unsatisfactory  in  the  first  instance.  That 
the  manuscript  now  completed  for  publication  pictures  for  the  first  time 
237,  or  nine-tenths,  of  the  recognized  forms,  shows  more  clearly  my  debt 
to  these  friends  than  can  be  stated  in  any  other  words. 

The  University  of  Illinois, 
January,  1,  1916. 


PEIMARY  DIVISION  19 


MONOGRAPH  OF  PHORADENDRON 

GENERIC  DESCRIPTION 

Parasitic  more  or  less  fleshy  suffruticose  perennial  exogens,  usually 
brittle  at  the  nodes.  Leaves  opposite,  usually  petioled  or  petiolately 
contracted,  in  a  few  species  reduced  to  scales.  Inflorescence  of  axillary 
or  sometimes  also  terminal  mostly  several- jointed  spikes.  Flowers  sessile, 
usually  sunken  in  the  rachis,  in  1  or  usually  2  to  3  or  occasionally  5 
series  over  each  of  the  opposite  scales  in  which  the  joint  below  ends, 
small  and  inconspicuous,  apetalous,  dioecious  or  monoecious,  3-  or  occa- 
sionally 2-,  4-,  or  5-  merous:  sepals  distinct,  deltoid,  valvate,  persistent 
on  the  fruit:  stamens  inserted  on  the  base  of  the  sepals  with  nearly 
sessile  2-  celled  anthers  dehiscing  by  subapical  slits  or  pores:  ovary  in- 
ferior, 1-  celled,  1-  ovuled:  style  short  with  scarcely  dilated  terminal 
stigma.  Fruit  baccate,  with  a  single  albuminous  seed  surrounded  by  a 
loosely  fibrous  endocarp  and  an  extremely  viscid  mesocarp. — Phoraden- 
dron  Nuttall,  Journ.  Acad.  Philadelphia,  ser.  2.  vol.  1.  p.  185.  1847. — 
Spiciviscum  Engelmann  in  Gray,  Mem.  Amer.  Acad.  n.  s.  vol.  4.  p.  58. 
1849. — Allobium  Miers,  Ann.  &  Mag.  Nat.  Hist.  ser.  2.  vol.  8.  p.  178-9. 
1851. — Baratostachys  Uphof,  Pflanzengattungen.  p.  173.  1910. 

PRIMARY  DIVISION  OF  THE  GENUS 

Without  cataphyllary  scales.  BOREALES. 

With  cataphyls  at  least  on  the  basal  internode  of  each  branch. 

AEQUATORIALES. 

I.     BOREALES. 

Stems  without  cataphyls  or  scales  toward  the  base  of  the  branches, 
never  dichotomous  though  sometimes  with  one  lateral  branch  developed 
so  as  nearly  or  quite  to  equal  the  main  axis,  scarcely  ever  sharply 
angled  or  2-edged.  Spikes  axillary,  never  terminal.  Flowers  dioecious, 
the  staminate  and  pistillate  spikes  often  dissimilar.  Confined  to  conti- 
nental North  America;  characteristic  of  the  northern  Mexican  table- 
land and  the  southern  and  western  United  States,  only  two  species 
reaching  into  Central  America. 

Branches  never  winged :  receptacular  cups  not  lacerate. 

Pistillate  flowers  2  on  each  joint.  Chiefly  on  conifers.      PAUCIFLORAE. 
Pistillate  flowers  6  or  more  on  each  joint.  PLURISERIALES. 


20  THE  GENUS  PHORADENDRON 

Branches  broadly  winged:  receptacular  cups  often  cleft  into  sepal-like 
segments :  pistillate  flowers  numerous.  CALYCULATAE. 

A.    PAUCIFLORAE. 

Stems  not  winged.  Spikes  short,  1-  to  4-jointed,  each  joint  with  2 
opposite  flowers  when  pistillate  or  with  4 — 8  or  12  flowers  in  4  or  6 
series  when  staminate:  receptacular  cups  not  calyx-like.  Berries  sub- 
globose,  smooth  and  glabrous,  small  (3-4  mm.),  tinged  reddish  or  straw- 
colored.  Western  United  States,  and  Mexico  as  far  as  Mt.  Orizaba. 
All  except  the  first  species  occur  on  conifers. 

Leaves  represented  by  short  thin  scales,  not  disarticulating. 

APHYLLAE. 
Leafy,  or  in  the  first  with  scale-shaped  but  disarticulating  leaves. 

BOLLEANAE. 

1.    APHYLLAE. 

Leaves  represented  by  short  thin  scales  not  disarticulating  from  the 
stem.  Essentially  confined  to  the  desert  and  western  mountain  region 
of  the  United  States.  Frequently  confused  by  collectors  with  the  Vis- 
coid  genus  Arceufhobium. 

Canescent:    twigs    terete:    spikes    several- j ointed :    sepals    meeting    in 
fruit.  P.  californicum. 

Glabrous :  twigs  often  bluntly  squarish :  spikes  1-jointed :  sepals  usually 
parted  in  fruit. 

Scales  not  constricted  at  base :  stout.    On  Juniperus. 

P.  juniperinum. 

Scales  obscurely  constricted:  slender  and  pendent.    On  Libocedrus. 

P.  Libocedri. 
Scales  constricted  as  if  by  a  string:  compact.    On  Juniperus. 

-P.  ligatum. 

PHORADENDRON  CALIFORNICUM  Nuttall. 

Phoradendron  californicum  Nuttall,  Journ.  Acad.  Philadelphia,  ser.  2. 
vol.  1.  p.  185.  1848.— MacDougal,  Publ.  Carnegie  Inst.  no.  99.  pi.  60. 
Not  forked,  the  long  slender  somewhat  reddish  branches  without 
cataphyls,  dioecious.  Internodes  short  (1-3x10-20  mm.),  from  softly 
and  closely  lanate-canescent  becoming  glabrous.  Stem-scales  spread- 
ing, acute,  2  mm.  long.  Spikes  axillary,  mostly  solitary,  minutely 
canescent,  long  for  the  group  (5-10  mm.),  with  about  4  short  joints  2- 
or  exceptionally  4-  or  6-  flowered  in  2  or  4  series :  peduncle  1-3  mm.  long : 
scales  acute.  Fruit  red,  subglobose,  often  rostrate,  3  mm.  in  diameter: 
sepals  nearly  or  quite  meeting. — Plates  8, 11. 


BOEEALES— APHYLLAE  21 

Sonoran  region,  chiefly  on  Leguminosae,  never  on  coniferae*, — the 
type  of  the  genus. — The  type  from  California. 

Specimens  examined: — UNITED  STATES.  CALIFORNIA.  Without  in- 
dication of  host: — Sierra  Nevada  (Nuttall,  1836, — the  type).  Indio 
(Davy,  45).  Without  locality  (Davidson,  5929}.  On  Acacia-. — San 
Felipe  Canon  (Palmer,  441; Chandler,  5456  in  part).  Cottonwood  Springs 
(Hall,  6014).  Mountain  Springs  (Orcutt,  2013).  On  Prosopis: — Agua 
Caliente  (Parish,  684).  Kelso  (Jones,  1906).  Calexico  (Abrams,  3230). 
On  CeanotJms: — Banning  (Tourney,  1894).  On  Zizyphus: — San  Gor- 
gonio  Pass  (Engelmann,  1880).  On  Larrea: — Vallecito  (Hb.  Dept.  Agr.). 
Barstow  (Heller,  1896).  NEVADA.  On  Prosopis: — Las  Vegas  (  Jones, 
1905;  Griffiths,  1912).  Nelson  (Jones,  1907).  UTAH.  "On  juniper"  [?]  : 
Milford  (  Goodding,  1026).  ARIZONA.  On  Acacia: — Williams  River 
(Bigelow,  1853-4).  Clifton  (Greene,  1880).  Tucson  (Coville,  1617; 
Dewey;  Griffiths,  3539;  Tourney,  1894;  Hedgcock  &  Long,  9814).  On 
Prosopis: — Gila  River  (Gilbert,  1873;  Rothrock,  338).  Gila  Crossing 
(Thornber,  14  t).  Pima  Co.  (Mearns,  2724).  Bowie  (Jones,  4242  in 
part).  Beaver  Dam  (Goodding,  2135,  2139).  Oracle  (Hedgcock  & 
Long,  9696).  On  Parkinsonia: — Bill  Williams  Fork  (Bigelow,  5  a). 
Tucson  (Pringle,  1884;  Tourney,  14,  1894).  On  Cercidium: — Near  the 
Colorado  (Bigelow,  5).  Tucson  (Selkirk,  9816).  On  Larrea.  Bowie 
(Jones,  4242  in  part).  Castle  Creek  (Tourney,  291).  Hardyville  (Pal- 
mer, 506).  Without  indication  of  host: — The  Needles  (Jones,  1884). 
Tucson  (Lloyd,  1907).  Rincon  Pass  (Griffiths,  2019).  Peach  Springs 
(Russell,  1889).  Without  locality  (Bischoff,  1871;  Tourney).  Santa 
Rita  Mountains  (Griffiths  &  Thornber,  205, — a  dwarf  form,  f. 
nana — PI.  12).  MEXICO.  LOWER  CALIFORNIA.  Ubi  (Brandegee,  1889). 
Gardner's  Laguna  (Mearns,  2894).  San  Felipe  Bay  (Mac  Dougal, 
1904).  On  Microrhamnus : — SONORA.  Guaymas  (Palmer,  1065). 
Pinacate  (Lumholtz,  30).  Tiburon  Island  (Rose,  16780).  Hermosillo 
(Brandegee,  1892, — a  very  silvery  form,  f.  argentea). 

Phoradendron  californicum  distans,  n.  var. 

Differing  from  the  type  in  its  elongated  fruiting  spikes  (about 
30  mm.)  with  distinctly  separated  whorls  of  fruit. — Plate  13. 

Southern  range  of  the  type,  into  which  it  probably  merges,  and 
on  the  same  hosts. — The  type  from  Arizona. 

Specimens  examined: — UNITED  STATES.  CALIFORNIA.  Without  local- 
ity (Bigelow,  1853-4).  Indian  Wells  (Orcutt,  2044).  Resting  Springs 
valley  (Coville  &  Funston,  279).  Tantillas  Canon  (Palmer,  270,  441 

*Cf.  Hedgcock,  Phytopathology,  vol.  5.  p.  179. 


22  THE  GENUS  PHORADENDRON 

in  part).  East  of  San  Bernardino  (Parry,  1877).  NEVADA.  Logan 
(Heller,  10464}.  ARIZONA.  Gila  River  (Boundary  Survey,  1236). 
Fort  Mojave  (Cooper,  1860-61).  Yuma  (Engelmann  &  Sargent,  1880; 
Vasey,  1881;  Pringle,  1881 — the  type;  Solereder,  1893).  Bonelli's 
Ferry  (Goodding,  725}.  Beaver  Dam  (Jones,  5013).  Tucson  (Jones, 
1903;  Dewey;  Hedgcock  &  Long,  9815).  El  Rio  (Lemmon,  267). 
Nogales  (Mearns,  2644).  West  of  the  Cerro  Colorado  (Ferriss). 
Franconia  (Jones,  1903).  Yucca  (Trelease,  1901).  NEVADA.  Moapa 
(Jones,  1904).  Muddy  Valley  (Kennedy  &  Goodding,  57).  MEXICO. 
LOWER  CALIFORNIA.  San  Rafael  Valley  (Orcutt,  1310).  San  Gregorio 
(Brandegee,  1889).  Lake  Maquata  (Orcutt,  2027).  Agua  Verde 
(Rose,  16583).  SONORA.  S.  Pedro  to  Fronteras  (Hartman,  945). 
SINALOA.  Navajoa  (Rose,  Standley  &  Russell,  13165).  Topolobampo 
(Endlich,  689). 

PHORADENDRON  JUNIPERINUM  Engelmann. 

Plioradendron  juniperinum  Engelmann,  Mem.  Amer.  Acad.  n.  s.  vol.  4. 
p.  58.  1849. 

Not  forked,  the  moderate  rather  stout  somewhat  squarish  branches 
without  cataphyls,  dioecious.  Internodes  short  (2-4x5-10  mm.),  micro- 
scopically granular.  Stem  scales  spreading,  deltoid,  not  constricted  at 
base,  1-2  mm.  long.  Spikes  solitary,  very  short  (3  mm.),  glabrous,  with 
a  single  short  joint  2-flowered  when  pistillate  and  6-  or  8-flowered  when 
staminate:  peduncle  scarcely  2  mm.  long:  scales  rather  blunt.  Fruit 
straw-  or  wine-colored,  subglobose,  3  mm.  in  diameter:  sepals  erect, 
parted.— Plates  2,  3,  4,  14. 

Southern  Rocky  Mountain  or  Chihuahuan  and  adjacent  Sonoran 
regions  ( ?  exclusively)  on  Juniperus.* — The  type  from  New  Mexico. 

Specimens  examined: — UNITED  STATES.  COLORADO.  Mesa  Grande 
(Purpus,  2).  Durango  (Tweedy,  596-8;  Parsons,  1897).  Hotchkiss 
(Cowen,  1892).  Mancos  (Baker,  Earle  &  Tracy,  92}.  Delta  (Hedgcock, 
9319).  UTAH.  St.  George  (  Palmer,  1875,  1877).  Tooele  Co.  (Jones, 
1900).  Antelope  Island  (Jones,  2081).  Kanab  (Jones,  6045).  East  of 
Gunnison  (Ward,  360).  Diamond  Valley  (Goodding,  884).  Milford 
(Goodding,  1026).  Ephraim  (Hedgcock,  3993).  Nephi  Mts.  (Hedgcock, 
8136).  ARIZONA.  Bill  Williams  Mts.  (Bigelow,  6).  Camp  Apache 
(Rothrock,  261,  814).  Chiricahua  Mts.  (Rothrock,  6510;  Blumer,  1525, 
1532,  1956,  1990;  Burrall,  1127-9).  Cariso  (Brandegee,  1234).  Santa 
Rita  Mts.  (Pringle,  1884).  Santa  Catalina  Mts.  (Hedgcock  &  Long, 
9817).  Ft.  Huachuca  (Wilcox,  1892;  Tourney,  1894,  1895).  Benson 

*Cf.  Hedgcock,  Phytopathology,  vol.  5.  p.  179. 


BOEEALES— APHYLLAE  23 

(Vtisey,  188]).  Moki  Reservation  (Hough,  18,  87).  Graham  Co.  (Co- 
ville,  1946) .  Williams  (Tourney,  292}.  San  Francisco  Mts.  (Sitgreaves, 
1851, -a  dwarf,  slender  form,  f.  nana-Pl.  14;  Knowlton,  188;  Tourney, 
1894).  Flagstaff  (MacDougal,  142).  Grand  Canon  (Seler,  4731;  Hedg- 
cock,  4911;  Hottes,  1914;  Spaulding,  302;  Tourney,  10).  Bonelli's  Ferry 
(Goodding,  725).  Pagumpa  (Jones,  5095aa) .  Cosnino  (Jones,  4041). 
Paradise  (Ferriss).  Ash  Fork  (Hedgcock,  15980).  Bass  Creek  (Pils- 
brii.  1906).  Cave  Creek  (Pilsbry,  1906).  Without  locality  (Bischoff; 
(iirard;  Palmer;  Vasey;  Kuntze,  23231).  Sedona  (Hedgcock,  4939). 
NEW  MEXICO.  Santa  Fe  (Fendler,  281,  1847,-the  type;  Heller,  3534). 
Ruckman  (Hottes,  1914).  Copper  Mines  (Thurber,  1851).  Near  the 
Zuni  (Bigelow,  3).  Silver  City  (Greene,  1880;  Hedgcock  &  Long,  9854). 
Mogollon  Mts.  (Rusby,  390,  7262).  Fort  Bayard  (Mulford,  374;  Hed- 
ricks,  180;  Johnson,  8270,  8279;  Munro,  15112).  Fort  Wingate  (Mat- 
1hews,1883).  Socorro  (Plank,  1895).  Gray  (Skehan,  1899).  Hermosa 
(Wooton,  2866).  Lincoln  Co.  (Woot on,  386).  Queen  (Wooton,  1909). 
Organ  Mts.  (Wooton,  1900;  Ferriss).  Burro  Mts.  (Metcalfe,  737). 
Grant  Co.  (Blumer,  95, 105,  109,  110).  Gila  River  (Vreeland,  806).  Gila 
Forest  (Hedgcock  &  Long,  9862;  Munro,  15111).  Pinos  Altos  (Hedg- 
cock, 784,  9833).  Sandia  Mts.  (Hedgcock,  1512).  North  of  Fierro 
(Diehl,296).  Caiioncito  (Brandegee,  1879).  Cooledge  (Munson  &  Hop- 
kins, 1889).  Magdalena  (Herrick,  985).  Anton  Chico  (Griffiths,  11135). 
Without  locality  (Douglass,  1887;  Wright,  1788).  TEXAS.  Davis  Mts. 
(Earle  &  Tracy,  334).  Placitos  (Hedgcock,  16545).  MEXICO.  CHIHUA- 
HUA. Colonia  Garcia  (Townsend  &  Barber,  164).  Sierra  Madre.  (Prin- 
gle,  1358) . 

PHORADENDRON  LIBOCEDRI  Howell. 

Phoradendron  Libocedri  Howell,  Fl.  N.  W.  Amer.  vol.  1.  p.  608.  1902. 
P.  juniperinum  Libocedri  Engelmann  in  Watson,  Bot.  Calif,  vol.  2.  p.  105. 
1880. 

Not  forked,  the  elongated  slender  somewhat  squarish  branches  without 
cataphyls,  dioecious.  Internodes  short  ( 1-2x10  mm. ) ,  cellular-granulated. 
Stem  scales  spreading,  half-ovate,  occasionally  obscurely  constricted  at 
base,  about  1  mm.  long.  Spikes  solitary,  very  short  (3  mm.),  smooth, 
with  a  single  short  joint  2-flowered  when  pistillate  and  6-  or  8-flowered 
when  staminate :  peduncle  2  mm.  long :  scales  rather  blunt.  Fruit  straw- 
colored,  subglobose,  3  mm.  in  diameter:  sepals  erect,  parted. — Plates 
2,  6, 15. 

Californian  region,  usually  on  Libocedrus. — The  type  from  California. 

Specimens  examined: — UNITED  STATES.  OREGON.  Waldo  (Howell, 
1884,1887).  CALIFORNIA.  Lassen's  Peak  (Lemmon,  1875 — to  be  taken  as 
type).  Klamath  Forest  (Hedgcock,  1895).  Duffield's  Ranch  (Bigelow, 


24  THE  GENUS  PHOEADENDEON 

1,  1854).  Calaveras  Grove  (Hutchens,  1900;  also  on  Abies).  Sierraville 
(Lemmon,  1879) .  Tehipite  Valley  (Hall  &  Chandler,  527} .  Black  Butte 
(Engelmann,  1880) .  Eldorado  Co.  (Hansen,  1887).  Yreka  (Hedgcock, 
1898;  Pond,  183).  Amador  Co.  (Curran,  1886;  Hansen,  74,  721). 
Butte  Co.  (Bruce,  687).  Mariposa  (Congdon,  1903).  Sugar  Pine 
(£cfter/ee,1914).  Wawona  (Solereder,  1893).  Yosemite  Valley  (Hottes, 
1914 ;  Hedgcock  &  Meinecke,  4805) .  Kern  River  Valley  ( Coville  &  Funs- 
ton,  1729).  Colby  (Austin,  698).  Fish  Camp  (Hedgcock  &  Meinecke, 
4830) .  San  Bernardino  Mountains  (Parrij  &  Lemmon,  373 ;  Parry,  877 ; 
Rusby,  1909;  Parish,  970,  5071;  3005,  on  Pinus).  Riverside  (Grant, 
4517).  San  Jacinto  Mountains  (Leiberg,  3150;  Grant,  977;  Hall,  2565). 
San  Diego  Co.  (Stokes,  1895).  Cuyamaca  Mountains  (Orcutt,  234). 
NEVADA.  Franktown,  Washoe  Co.  (Lewers,  1892).  Lincoln  Co.  (?  Co- 
ville &  Funston,  307).  MEXICO.  LOWER  CALIFORNIA.  Without  locality 
(Brandegee,  1893). 

Phoradendron  ligatum  n.  sp. 

Not  forked,  the  rather  elongated  and  slender  somewhat  squarish 
branches  without  cataphyls,  dioecious.  Internodes  short  (2x5-10  mm.), 
rather  prominently  cellular-granular.  Stem  scales  spreading,  nearly 
half-round,  sharply  constricted-grooved  at  base  but  not  deciduous,  1  mm. 
long.  Spikes  solitary,  very  short  (2  mm.),  smooth :  peduncle  about  1  mm. 
long.  Fruit?.— Plates  3,  15. 

Californian  region  passing  into  the  western  Sierra  Madre  ( 1  exclu- 
sively) on  Juniperus. — The  type  from  Oregon.  The  western  representa- 
tive of  the  Rocky  Mountain  P.  juniperinum,  from  which  it  is  scarcely  sep- 
arable except  by  its  curiously  constricted  scales. 

Specimens  examined : — UNITED  STATES.  OREGON.  Crook  Co.  ( Cusick, 
2637, -the  type;  Leiberg,  285;  WJiited,  3179).  Klamath  Lake  (Coville, 
1351).  CALIFORNIA.  Mono  Pass  (Bolander,  1866).  Sierraville  (Lem- 
mon,  1875, 1879).  Amador  Co.  (Hansen,  721).  Plumas  Co.  (Austin, 
1876).  Modoc  Co.  (Manning,  58).  Sisson  (Lyon,  1905).  Warren  Mts. 
(Griffiths  &  Hunter,  405).  San  Bernardino  Mts.  (Parish,  1444) 
NEVADA.  Virginia  City  (Bloomer,  1863-4).  Reno  (t  Hillman,  11715). 
Franktown  (Lewers).  Without  locality  (Clendon,  1871;  Wlieeler,  1872; 
Pratten).  MEXICO.  DURANGO.  Santiago  Papasquiaro  (Palmer,  79). 
CHIHUAHUA.  Huajotitan  (Endlicli,  1164).  Guachochi  (Goldman,  178) . 
"Sierra  Madre"  (  ?  Jones,  Sept.  23,  1903,-on  Cupressus). 

2.      BOLLEANAE. 

Leaves  sessile,  articulated  with  the  stem,  scale-like  (but  fleshy)  in  the 
first  species  only.  Californian  and  Chihuahuan  regions,  extending  to  the 
Pacific  island  Guadalupe  and  the  eastern  Sierra  Madre  of  Mexico  in  a 
single  species  each. 


BOREALES— BOLLEANAE  25 

Leaves  short,  resembling  scales,  but  thick  and  disarticulating:  glabrous: 
spike  1- jointed.  P.  minutifolium. 

Leaves  linear-oblong. 

Tomentose :  spike  often  2-  or  3-jointed.  P.  capitellatum. 

Minutely  papillate  or  hispid :  spike  mostly  1- jointed. 

Staminate  spike  about  12-flowered.  P.  tequilense. 

Staminate  spike  about  6-flowered.  P.  saltUlense. 

Leaves  somewhat  spatulately  linear.  P.  Bolleanum. 

Leaves  oblanceolate-spatulate. 
Spike  mostly  1-jointed. 

Staminate  spike  about  12-flowered.    On  Juniperus.    P.  densum. 
Staminate  spike  about  8-flowered.  On  Abies,  etc.  P.  pauciflorum. 
Spike  mostly  2-jointed:  Staminate  spike  about  6-flowered. 

P.  guadalupense. 
PHORADENDRON  MINUTIFOLIUM  (Urban). 

PJioradendrum  minutifolium  Urban,  Bot.  Jahrb.  vol.  23.  Beiblatt  57. 
p.  2.    1897. 

Not  forked,  the  moderately  short  and  slender  somewhat  squarish 
branches  without  cataphyls,  dioecious.  Internodes  short  (1-2x10  mm.), 
glabrous.  Leaves  scale-shaped  as  in  the  preceding  but  fleshier,  spreading, 
half-ovate,  acute,  articulated  at  base  and  deciduous,  2-3  mm.  long.  Spikes 
solitary,  very  short  (scarcely  3  mm.),  smooth,  with  a  single  joint. 
Fruit  1— Plate  16. 

Eastern  Sierra  Madre  region  ( ?  exclusively)  on  Juniperus. — The 
type  from  Eastern  Mexico.  Forming  a  transition  to  the  preceding  group. 

Specimens  examined : — MEXICO.  Llanos  de  Perote  (Schiede,  402,-ihe 
type).  Cofre  de  Perote  (Humboldt, -associated  with  Arceuthobium 
vaginatum) . 

Phoradendron  capitellatum  Torrey,  n.  sp. 

Phoradendron  capitellatum  Torrey  in  herb. 

Viscum  Reichenbachianum  Seemann,  Bot.  Herald,  p.  295.    1852-7, — as 
to  the  Wright  citation  only. 

Not  forked,  the  moderately  long  and  slender  branches  without  cata- 
phyls, dioecious.  Internodes  short  (1-3x5-10  mm.),  at  least  for  a  time 
densely  stellate-tomentose.  Leaves  narrowly  elliptical-oblong  or  in- 
volutely  linear,  submucronately  acute,  sessile,  2x10-15  mm.  Spikes  soli- 
tary, very  short  (5  mm.),  with  mostly  2  rounded  joints  2-flowered  when 
pistillate  and  about  6-flowered  in  6  series  when  staminate :  scales  somewhat 
hairy:  peduncle  suppressed.  Fruit  straw-colored,  subglobose,  about 
4  mm.  in  diameter :  sepals  somewhat  pointed. — Plate  17. 

Chihuahuan  region  ( ?  exclusively)  on  Juniperus, — The  type  from 
New  Mexico. 


26  THE  GENUS  PHORADENDRON 

Specimens  examined : — UNITED  STATES.  NEW  MEXICO.  Without  local- 
ity (Wright,  1787,  1851-2 -the  type;  Greene,  1880).  Stem's  Pass 
(Tourney,  1895).  Florita  Mts.  (Jones,  Sept.  1903).  Alamogordo  (Rehn 
&  Viereck,  Apr.  1902).  Dog  Mts.  (Mearns,  300).  Carrozalillo  Mts. 
(Mearns,  172).  S.  Luis  Mts.  (Mearns,  2485) .  TEXAS.  Western  Texas  to 
El  Paso  (Wright,  630,  1849).  ARIZONA.  Near  Clifton  (Greene,  1880). 
South  of  Flagstaff  (Drake,  15118,  15118a).  Pajarito  Mts.  (Schott,  July 
1855 ;  Trelease,  363) .  White  Tail  (Pilsbry,  Nov.  1906) .  Chiricahua  Mts. 
(Blumer,  1524,  1957,  1989,  1906).  Sanoita  Valley  (Lemmon,  266). 
Oracle  (Hedgcock,  9685).  Bowie  (Jones,  Sept.  1884).  MEXICO.  SONORA. 
Guadalupe  Canon  (Merton,  2073;  Mearns,  2529).  S.  Pedro  to  Fronteras 
(Hartman,  944). 

Phoradendron  tequilense  n.  sp. 

Not  forked,  the  rather  long  and  slender  branches  without  cataphyls, 
dioecious.  Internodes  rather  short  (1-2x5-10  mm.),  closely  papillate. 
Leaves  linear-  or  oblong-elliptical,  acute  or  mucronate,  sessile,  2x10-15 
mm.  Spikes  mostly  solitary,  short  (4-7  mm.),  nearly  smooth,  1- jointed 
and  2-flowered  when  pistillate  and  capitately  about  12-flowered,  or  with 
2  such  globose  joints,  when  staminate:  peduncle  3-5  mm.  long.  Fruit 
straw-colored,  subglobose,  3  mm.  in  diameter :  sepals  conically  somewhat 
parted. — Plate  18. 

Western  Sierra  Madre  region  ( ?  exclusively)  on  Thuya. — The  type 
from  Jalisco. 

Specimens  examined: — MEXICO.  Sierra  de  Tequila,  Jal.  (Pringie, 
4434, 1893,— the  type). 

PHORADENDRON  BOLLEANUM  Eichler. 

Phoradendron  Bolleanum  Eichler  in  v.  Martius,  Fl.  Brasil.  vol.  5.  pt.  2. 

p.  134  m.    1868. 
Viscum  Bolleanum  Seemann,  Bot Herald,  p.  295.  pi.  63.    1852-7. 

Not  forked,  the  rather  short  and  stout  branches  without  cataphyls, 
dioecious.  Internodes  short  (1-2x5-15  mm.),  evanescently  minutely  and 
sparingly  short-hispid.  Leaves  somewhat  spatulately  linear-elliptical, 
submucronately  acute,  sessile,  2-4x  mostly  10-15  mm.  Spikes  often  clus- 
tered, very  short  (3  mm.),  somewhat  hispid,  the  mostly  single  joint 
2-flowered  when  pistillate  and  about  4-flowered  when  staminate :  peduncle 
2  mm.  long.  Fruit  straw-colored,  subglobose,  about  4  mm.  in  diameter : 
sepals  somewhat  parted. — Plate  19. 

Chihuahuan  and  Western  Sierra  Madre  regions,  usually  on  Juniperus, 
one  specimen  on  Arbutus. — The  type  from  Chihuahua. 

Specimens  examined: — UNITED  STATES.  TEXAS.  Without  locality 
(Boundary  Survey,  1235;  Nealley,  1890).  Cornudas  Mts.  (Havard,  83). 


BOREALES— BOLLEANAE  27 

MEXICO.  CHIHUAHUA.  Sierra  Madre  (Seemann,-ihe  type  of  V.  Bollea- 
num;  Endlicli,  1222:  Jones,  Sept.  1903, — a  form  with  short  leaves  2x7 
mm.,  approaching  the  preceding  in  roughening  and  length  of  peduncle. 
Near  San  Julian  (Nelson,  4921}.  Santa  Eulalia  Mts.  (Pringle,  256, 
1885).  DURANGO.  Vicinity  of  Durango  ( 1  Palmer,  778, — noted  as  on  a 
Madrona,  apparently  Arbutus  arizonica,  and  hence  very  aberrant  in  the 
group  which  is  usually  found  on  conifers).  Mesa  de  Sandia  (Goodding, 
2149).  Guanacevi  (Nelson,  4756}.  TEPIC.  Sta.  Teresa  (Rose,  3442}. 

Phoradendron  saltillense  n.  sp. 

Not  forked,  the  moderately  long  and  stout  branches  without  cata- 
phyls,  dioecious.  Internodes  short  (2-4x10-20  mm.),  papillate-hispid. 
Leaves  narrowly  oblong,  submucronately  acute,  sessile,  2-3x20-30  mm. 
Spikes  more  or  less  clustered,  short  (5-6  mm.),  nearly  smooth,  the  single 
joint  2-flowered  when  pistillate  and  about  6-flowered  when  staminate: 
peduncle  2  mm.  long.  Fruit?. — Plate  16. 

Chihuahuan  region  ( ?  exclusively)  on  Juniperus. — The  type  from 
northern  Mexico. 

Specimens  examined : — MEXICO.  San  Antonio  de  las  Alazanes,  near 
Saltillo  (Gregg,  399,  1848,— the  type). 

Phoradendron  densum  Torrey  n.  sp. 
Phoradendron  densum  Torrey  in  herb. 

Not  forked,  the  rather  short  and  thick  branches  without  cataphyls, 
dioecious.  Internodes  short  (-2-4x5-10  mm.),  usually  papillate-rough- 
ened. Leaves  shortly  oblanceolate,  usually  very  obtuse,  sessile,  4-6x12-15 
or  rarely  20  mm.  Spikes  sometimes  clustered,  very  short  (3  mm.), 
smooth,  with  1  or  rarely  2  joints  2-flowered  when  pistillate  and  about 
12-flowered  when  staminate :  peduncle  1-2  mm.  long.  Fruit  straw-colored, 
subglobose,  about  4  mm.  in  diameter :  sepals  somewhat  parted. — Plate  20. 

Calif  omian  and  Sonoran  regions  ( ?  chiefly)  on  Juniperus. — The 
type  from  California. 

Specimens  examined : — UNITED  STATES.  OREGON.  Lake  Co.  ( Cusick, 
2260a}.  Klamath  Reservation  (Covttle,  1352}.  Scott  River  Valley 
(Pond,  191}.  Klamath  Co.  (Walpole,  418;  Applegate,  1899).  CALI- 
FORNIA. Mt.  Shasta  (WUkes  Exped.,  1567,  1838-42— the  type).  Near 
Shasta  (?  Coffman,  1913 — on  Cupressus}.  Duffield's  Ranch  (IBigelow, 
1,  1854).  Klamath  River  (Engelmann;  Butler,  1071}.  Inyo  Mts.  (Co- 
ville  &  Funston,  589}.  Geysers,  Lake  Co.  (Brewer,  865}.  Siskiyou  Co. 
(Copeland,  3542;  Walpole,  230;  Eastwood,  3542}.  Hoey  (Tillotson, 
8329}.  Yreka  (Engelmann  &  Sargent,  1880).  Lassen  Co.  (Baker  & 


28  THE  GENUS  PHORADENDKON 

Nutting,  1894).  Hesperia  (Trelease,  1892).  San  Jacinto  Reserve  (Lei- 
berg,  3161},  Los  Angeles  Co.  (Elmer,  3607;  Hasse;  Abrams  &  Mc- 
Gregor, 543;  Chamberlain).  San  Bernardino  Mts.  (Coville  &  Funston, 
130).  San  Felipe  (Palmer,  442).  San  Diego  Co.  (Orcutt;  Mearns,  3013, 
3198;  Schoenfeldt,  3045).  Sta.  Rosa  Mts.  (Smith,  5483).  Kentucky 
Springs  (Davy,  205).  Cuyama  (Eastwood,  1896).  Antelope  Valley 
(Hough;  Davy,  2603).  Without  locality  (Kuntze,  3168).  MEXICO. 
SONORA.  San  Rafael  (Jones,  37032,  1882). 

In  the  south  the  leaves  are  prevailingly  narrower  than  in  the  north, 
particularly  so  in  Parish,  899,  from  the  San  Bernardino  Mountains,  for 
which  the  name  f .  Parishii  may  be  used. — Plate  21.  What  must  be  taken 
for  P.  densum  occurs  also  in  Arizona  ( Sedona,  near  Flagstaff,  Hedgcock, 
4915  in  part — on  Cupressus). 

PHORADENDRON  PAUCIFLORUM  Torrey. 

Phoradendron  pauciflorum  Torrey,  Bot.  Whipple.  p.  134.  1857.  (Senate 
Ex.  Doc.  no.  78.  33d  Congress,  2d  Session, — Report  of  expl.  and  surv. 
.  .  .  Miss,  river  to  the  Pacific,  vol.  4.  pt.  4,  Torrey,  Description  of  the 
general  botanical  collections) . 

Not  forked,  the  rather  lax  and  long  branches  without  cataphyls,  di- 
oecious. Internodes  long  for  the  group  (2-4x15-40  mm.),  somewhat  gran- 
ular-varnished. Leaves  oblanceolate-elliptical,  submucronately  obtuse, 
sessile,  5-7x20-30  mm.  Spikes  mostly  solitary,  very  short  (scarcely  5 
mm.),  with  1  or  rarely  2  joints  2-flowered  when  pistillate  and  about 
8-flowered  when  staminate :  peduncle  scarcely  2  mm.  long.  Fruit  straw- 
colored,  subglobose,  4  mm.  in  diameter:  sepals  somewhat  parted. — 
Plate  22. 

Californian  region  ( ?  exclusively)  on  Abies  and  Cupressus.* — The 
type  from  California. 

Specimens  examined: — UNITED  STATES.  CALIFORNIA.  Duffield's 
Ranch  (Bigelow,  2,  1854, — to  be  taken  as  type).  Mariposa  (Congdon, 
1903).  Trail  to  Big  Carson  (Eastwood,  1897-8 — on  Cupressus).  Kern 
Co.  (Coville  &  Funston,  1192,  1891;  Davy,  2027).  Baldy  Trail  (Mc- 
Clatchie,1893).  Mount  Tamalpais  (Eastwood,  1898).  Bear  Valley,  San 
Bernardino  Mts.  (Parish,  1443;  Jones,  1900).  San  Jacinto  Reserve  (Lei- 
berg,  3152).  Cajon  Pass  (Bigelow,  Mar.  16,  1854).  Cuyamaca  Mts 
(Orcutt,  545).  Fish  Camp  (Hedgcock  &  Meinecke,  4829).  MEXICO. 
LOWER  CALIFORNIA.  San  Pedro  Martir  (Brandegee,  1893). 

I  do  not  distinguish  from  this,  except  in  a  somewhat  longer  basal 
attenuation  of  the  leaves  and  the  occurrence  of  about  14  flowers  on  each 


*Cf.  Hedgcock,  Phytopathology,  vol.  5.  p.  179,  for  a  note  on  the  hosts  of  this 
and  allied  species — not  clearly  separated. 


BOEEALES— FLAVESCENTES  29 

joint  of  the  staminate  spikes,  specimens  on  Abies  from  the  Sta.  Catalina 
Forest  Reserve,  Arizona  ( J.  S.  Holmes,  Aug.  7,  1906 ;  Hedgcock  &  Long, 
9720}. 

Phoradendron  guadalupense  n.  sp. 

Not  forked,  the  moderately  long  and  lax  branches  without  cataphyls, 
dioecious.  Internodes  moderately  short  (2-4x10-15  mm.),  slightly  pa- 
pillate. Leaves  oblanceolate-spatulate,  very  obtuse,  sessile,  5-8x15-30 
mm.  Spikes  often  clustered,  rather  long  for  the  group  (nearly  10  mm.), 
smooth,  with  usually  2  or  3  joints  2-flowered  when  pistillate  and  about 
6-flowered  when  staminate:  peduncle  1-2  mm.  long,  sometimes  bearing 
flowers.  Fruit?.— Plates  22,  23. 

Western  insular  region  of  Mexico. — The  type  from  Guadalupe. 

Specimens  examined: — MEXICO.  Guadalupe  Island  (Palmer,  85, 
1875, — the  type :  the  host  plant  not  noted). 

B.    PLURISERIALES. 

Stems  never  winged.  Spikes  more  or  less  elongated,  2-  to  6-jointed, 
each  joint  with  6  or  more  flowers  mostly  in  6  series.  Berries  globose  or 
ellipsoidal,  smooth  and  in  most  species  glabrous,  moderately  small  (3  to 
mostly  4  or  5  mm.),  white  or  slightly  tinged  with  greenish  yellow.  The 
young  growth  at  least  is  puberulent  or  hairy.  Continental  North  Amer- 
ica, centering  about  northern  Mexico. 

Leaves  never  long,  usually  small ;  shoots  not  flattened. 

Leaves  moderate.    Chiefly  northern.  FLAVESCENTES. 

Leaves  small.    Southern.  BRACHYSTACHYAE. 

Leaves  large  and  hairy.    Southern.  FERRUGINEAE. 
Leaves  long  and  relatively  large. 

Shoots  not  flattened.  VELUTINAE. 

Shoots  compressed  at  nodes,  LONGIFOLIAE. 

3.     FLAVESCENTES. 

Leaves  usually  relatively  broad,  never  large  or  greatly  elongated,  very 
obtuse.    Shoots,  if  evanescently  somewhat  square,  neither  acutely  angled 
nor  much  compressed.    United  States  and  adjacent  Mexico. 
Berries  relatively  large  (4-5  mm.),  glabrous  except  in  the  last  group, 
with  sepals  over  one-half  mm.  long :  leaves  prevailingly  oblanceolate. 
Staminate  spikes  slender,  the  nearly  glabrous  few-flowered  joints  2-7 
mm.  long. — Eastern. 

Leaves  prevailingly  oblanceolate-obovate :  rather  stout. 

Fruiting  spikes  short  (20-40  mm.)  with  crowded  whorls  of 
berries.  P.  flavescens. 


30  THE  GENUS  PHOKADENDRON 

Fruiting   spikes   elongated    (60-70   mm.)    with   separated 
whorls  of  berries.  P.  macrotomum. 

Leaves  narrower,  subspatulate :  slender.  P.  Eatoni. 

Staminate  spikes  mostly  stouter  and  longer,  the  rather  many-flow- 
ered joints  6-15  mm.  long.   Southwestern,  Pacific  or  Mexican. 
Spikes  canescently  tomentose. 

Staminate  spikes  moderate  (15-20  mm.).    Texan. 

P.  Engelmanni. 
Staminate  spikes  long  (40-60  mm.).    North  Mexican. 

P.  Greggii. 

Spikes  short.    East  Mexican.  P.  thyrsoideum. 

Spikes  yellow-hispid,  moderate.    East  Mexican.        P.  colipense. 
Spikes  glabrous  or  sparsely  villous. 

Leaves  rounded.  P.  macro pJiyllum. 

Leaves  oblanceolate. 

Flowers  large.    New  Mexican.  P.  Cockerellii. 

Flowers  moderate.    Desert.  P.  coloradense. 

Spikes  rather  canescently  short-villous.    Californian. 

P.  longispicum. 

Staminate  spikes  short,  the  few-flowered  short-villous  joints  scarcely 
5  mm.  long :  fruit  somewhat  villous. 

Short-villous.    Californian.  P.  villosum. 

Velvety-tomentose.    Mexican.  P.  tomentosum. 

Minutely  rusty-pubescent.    Mexican.  P.  puberulum. 

Berries  small  (3  mm.),  pubescent  above,  with  sepals  scarcely  one-third 

mm.  long :  leaves  prevailingly  rounded.    Southwestern. 

Leaves  moderate  (often  25x30  mm.).  P.  Coryae. 

Leaves  small  (10x15-20  mm.). 

Spikes  closely  tomentose.    Texan.  P.  Havardianum. 

Spikes  slightly  villous.    North  Mexican.  P.  Wilkinsoni. 

PHORADENDRON  FLAVESCENS  Nuttall. 

Plioradendron  fiavescens  Nuttall,  Journ.  Acad.  Philadelphia,  n.  s.  vol.  1. 

p.  185.     1847. — v.  Ettingshausen,  Denkschr.  Akad.  Wien.  vol.  32. 

pt.  1.  pi.  2.— Britton  &  Brown,  111.  Fl.  vol.  1.  f .  1272.— Amer.  Journ. 

Pharm.  vol.  55.  p.  421.  f.— Coulter,  Barnes  &  Cowles,  Text  Book. 

vol.  2.  f .  1084.— Garman,  Bull.  Ky.  Agr.  Exper.  Sta.  no.  169.  f .  12.— 

Bailey,  Cycl.  Am.  Hort.  4  ed.  4 :1312.  f .  1766. 
P.  flavescens  glabriusculum  Engelmann,  Boston  Journ.  Nat.  Hist.  vol.  6. 

p.  212.    1850. 
Viscum  flavescens  Pursh,  Fl.  Am.  Sept.  vol.  1.  p.  114.    1814. — de  Can- 

dolle,  Prodromus.  vol.  4.  p.  280. 
V.  leucarpum  Rafinesque,  Fl.  Ludov.  p.  79.  1817. 
V.  leucocarpum  de  Candolle,  Prodromus.  vol.  4.  p.  280.    1830. 
V.  serotinum  Rafinesque,  New  Fl.  N.  Amer.  vol.  3.  p.  22.    1836. 
V.  ochroleucum  Rafinesque,  1.  c.  p.  23.    1836. 


POREALES— FLAVESCENTES  31 

W.  oblongifolium  Rafinesque,  1.  c.  p.  23.  1836. 
V.  rugosum  Rafinesque,  I.  c.  p.  24.  1836. 

V.  verticillatum  Audubon,  Birds  of  Amer.  vol.  4.  pi.  369 ;  quarto  ed.  vol. 
3.    pi.  143. 

Not  forked,  the  rather  short  and  stout  branches  without  cataphyls, 
dioecious.  Internodes  rather  short  (2-4x15-30  mm.),  like  the  foliage  be- 
coming nearly  glabrous  from  slightly  but  not  canescently  tomentose. 
Leaves  oblanceolate  to  obovate,  very  obtuse,  1.5-2  or  3  or  even  4.5x2-5  cm., 
rather  fleshy,  obscurely  3-  to  5-nerved  or  also  veiny,  cuneately  subpetioled 
for  about  5  mm.  Spikes  mostly  solitary,  short  (10-15  or  rarely  20  mm., 
lengthening  to  25-40  mm.  in  fruit),  at  first  puberulent,  with  about  4  short 
joints  clavately  6-flowered  when  pistillate  and  subglobose  and  about  12- 
flowered  when  staminate:  peduncle  2-6  mm.  long:  scales  more  or  less 
short-pilose.  Fruit  white  or  whitish,  globose  or  somewhat  ellipsoidal, 
glabrous,  about  4x5  mm.,  in  approximate  whorls:  sepals  nearly  or  quite 
glabrous,  closely  inflexed. — Plates  5,  24,  25. 

Atlantic  United  States,  on  a  great  variety  of  Angiosperms*  (Acer, 
Gleditsia,  Nyssa,  Platanus,  Quercus,  Ulmus,  etc.),  of  which  it  most  com- 
monly affects  only  one  in  a  given  region,  doubtless  illustrating  the  same 
host-adaptation  as  the  mistletoe  of  northern  Europe,  Viscum  album,  with 
which  it  was  at  first  confused. — The  type  to  be  understood  as  of  Carolina. 

Specimens  examined: — UNITED  STATES.  NEW  JERSEY.  Without  lo- 
cality (Miihlenberg,  639,  in  Herb.  Willdenow  as  no.  18295, — Viscum  pur- 
pureum  "Willdenow,  not  L. ;  Cuming,  1823 ;  Schweinitz,  1829 ;  Korfhals, 
1843;  Eby,  1894).  [Monmouth  or  Ocean  Co.?]  (Knieskern).  Atsion 
(Tatnall).  Middletown  (Torrey).  PENNSYLVANIA.  Cumberland  Mts. 
(Kaflnesque,  1823, — V.  serotinum).  Martio  (Eby.  1888).  DELAWARE. 
Eastern  short  (Canby,  1880).  Without  locality  (Nuttall;  Beyrich;  Read). 
Newcastle  Co.  (Canby,  1862).  MARYLAND.  Montgomery  Co.  (Darling- 
ton). Baltimore  (Harper,  1888).  Eastern  shore  (Stevens,  1885).  DIS- 
TRICT OF  COLUMBIA.  Washington  (Ward,  1876).  VIRGINIA.  Without  lo- 
cality (Buckley;  Stocking;  Vasey,  1875).  Bedford  Co.  (Curtiss,  1872). 
Virginia  Beach  (Britton,  1892).  Norfolk  Co.  (Heller,  750).  Hanover 
Co.  (Henry,  1890).  Dismal  Swamp  (Kearney,  2356).  Near  Washington 
(Hedgcock,  8269).  WEST  VIRGINIA.  Without  data  (McCarthy).  Hunt- 
ington  (Killingsworth,  1915).  NORTH  CAROLINA.  Without  locality  (Bald- 
win, 307,— Pursh  herb. ;  Buysman,  1883 ;  McCarthy,  1879).  Hot  Springs 
(Ransdell).  Swain  Co.  (Beardslee  &  Kofoid,  1891).  Biltmore  (Butm,ore 
Herb.,  4339a).  Chapel  Hill  (Coker,  1911).  Great  Lake  (Brown,  114). 
SOUTH  CAROLINA.  Without  locality  (Bosc;  Curtis,  1852).  Charleston 
(Clark,  1857).  Abbeville  (Diedrick,  118).  Santee  Canal  (Ravenel). 

*A  list  of  hosts  is  given  by  Hedgcock  in  Phytopathology,  vol.  5.  p.  178. 


32  THE  GENUS  PHORADENDRON 

Oconee  Co.  (Anderson).  GEORGIA.  Without  locality  (Beyrich,  1834). 
Oconee  &  Gwinnett  Cos.  (Small,  1893).  Darien  (Smith,  2310}.  Thomson 
(Bartlett,  6).  FLORIDA.  Without  locality  (Martin).  Apalachicola  (Dean). 
Jacksonville  (Faxon,  1873).  Beresford  (Hulst,  1893).  Lake  City  (Rolfs, 
538;  Bitting,  1079).  Brooksville  (Long,  15169).  ALABAMA.  Without  lo- 
cality (Bigelow).  Gainesville  (Soulard,  1872).  Auburn  (Earle  &  Baker, 
1897;  Graham,  1911).  Talladega  Springs  (Pollard  &  Morgan,  247a). 
MISSISSIPPI.  Natchez  (Shimek,  1898).  LOUISIANA.  Without  locality 
(Tainturier;  Trudeau).  New  Orleans  (Drummond,  140,  1832).  Baton 
Rouge  (Dodson,  1896 ;  Edmunds;  Edgerton) .  ARKANSAS.  Without  local- 
ity (Rafinesque, — V.  serotinum).  Fort  Smith  (Bigelow,  77,  1853).  Jud- 
sonia  (Meek,  1889).  Independence  (Eggert,  1896).  Black  Rock  (Rolfs, 
1891).  Little  Rock  (Basse;  von  Schrenk  &  McCrory,  1912).  Ft.  Cobb  to 
Ft.  Arbuckle  (Palmer,  254,  1868).  Earle  (Pittmann,  1902).  Batesville 
(Smith,  183, — the  5-jointed  staminate  spikes  nearly  40  mm.  long). 
OKLAHOMA.  Verdigris  (Bush,  526).  Tulsa  (Davidson,  1898).  Musko- 
gee  (Brainerd,  1911).  MISSOURI,  Dunklin  Co.  (Bush,  1892).  Ashville 
(Eggert,  1892).  Poplar  Bluff  (Eggert,  450;  Eby,  1893 ;  Savage  &  Stull, 
1174).  TENNESSEE.  Without  locality  (Chadbourne) .  Memphis  (Fend- 
ler).  Decatur  Co.  (Ames,  1858).  Knox  Co.  (Ruth,  176,  177,  1426). 
Nashville  (Lapham,  1874;  Palmer,  1897).  KENTUCKY.  Without  local- 
ity (Rafinesque, — V.  serotinum;  Steetz).  Lexington  (Short).  Corydon 
(Powell).  Shelbyville  (Herb.  Jones.,  2459).  Bowling  Green  (Price). 
ILLINOIS.  "Champaign  Co."  (Perriam, — doubtless  an  error  of  locality). 
Pulaski  Co.  (Brendel,  1860).  Metropolis  (Gleason,  1902).  Mt.  Carmel 
(Trelease).  Villa  Ridge  (Raymond,  1869).  INDIANA.  Without  locality 
(Prince  Wied  Neuwied,  1838).  New  Harmony  (Engelmann,  706,  1835). 
Evansville  (Marker,  1901).  OHIO.  Without  locality  (Frank,  1835, 
1837).  Banks  of  the  Ohio  (Engelmann,  1840).  Near  North  Bend  (Short, 
1852).  Lawrence  Co.  (Werner,  1892).  Cleveland  (Krebs,  101). 

Rafinesque,  in  the  mistletoes  of  the  region  east  of  the  Mississippi 
river,  saw  five  species: — (1)  Viscum  ochroleucum,  with  subsessile  obo- 
vate  3-nerved  leaves,  spikes  nearly  equaling  them,  and  yellowish  white 
berries, — from  New  Jersey  to  Florida;  (2)  V.  rugosum,  with  petiolate 
obovate  or  broadly  elliptical  3-nerved  leaves,  very  short  spikes,  and  white 
berries  turning  red  when  dry, — from  Delaware  and  Virginia.  These  two 
seem  to  represent  the  range  of  forms  in  the  northern  Atlantic  States, 
and,  dating  from  1836,  their  specific  names,  under  Viscum,  are  later  than 
flavescens  of  Pursh  (1814)  under  the  same  genus.  The  flowering  of 
ochroleucum  is  said  to  be  vernal;  (3)  V.  serotinum  (PI.  25),  with  sub- 
petiolate  obovate  hardly  nerved  leaves  longer  than  the  spikes,  and  snowy 
white  berries  turning  purplish  when  dry, — from  Kentucky,  Illinois  and 
Missouri.  This  is  said  to  flower  in  the  autumn  and  early  winter,  and 


BOREALES— FLAVESCENTES  33 

the  description  agrees  well  with  the  plants  of  the  middle  west,  which, 
like  Rafinesque's  specimens,  are  hardly  distinguishable  from  those  of 
the  east;  the  name  (1836)  can  not  displace  the  earlier  flavescens;  (4) 
V.  leucarpum,  with  sessile  oblong  probably  nerveless  leaves,  glomerate 
spikes  with  the  flowers  in  twos  or  threes,  and  white  berries, — from  west- 
ern Louisiana  and  probably  Texas.  In  the  more  elongated  leaves  this 
description  agrees  sufficiently  well  with  the  plant  now  known  from  Louis- 
iana, though  scarcely  separable  from  the  narrower-leaved  eastern  form 
except  in  its  fewer  and  more  distant  fruits.  Dating  from  1817,  this 
name  also  is  more  recent  than  flavescens.  The  last  of  the  Rafinesque 
species,  (5)  V.  oblongifolium,  with  petiolate  oblong  or  narrowly  elliptical 
somewhat  3-nerved  leaves,  very  short  spikes,  and  solitary  oblong 
"red"[  ?]  berries,  from  Florida,  can  scarcely  be  compared  with  anything 
known  to  me  except  the  close  ally  of  flavescens  collected  by  Mr.  Eaton  in 
the  Everglades, — from  which  region  Rafinesque  is  not  known  to  have  seen 
material.  Like  most  of  the  preceding,  this  name  dates  from  1836,  so 
that  it  cannot  be  made  to  replace  the  earlier  flavescens,  though  if  it  could 
be  shown  to  pertain  to  Mr.  Eaton's  plant  it  would  have  priority  (under 
Viscum)  over  the  name  now  given  to  that  Phoradendron.  The  only  spe- 
cies of  Rafinesque  of  which  I  have  seen  specimens  is  labeled  Viscum 
serotinum, — from  the  Cumberland  Mountains  of  Pennsylvania  and  an 
unspecified  locality  in  Arkansas,  in  the  Delessert  Herbarium ;  and  from 
an  unspecified  locality  in  Kentucky,  at  the  Academy  of  Science  of  Phila- 
delphia. 

A  curious  fact  in  the  history  of  this  species  is  that  Pursh,  who  un- 
mistakably meant  the  Viscum  album  of  Walter,  wrote  flavescens  Willde- 
now  [Swartz],  instead  of  flavens  Willdenow,  with  which  West  Indian 
species  he  ambiguously  identifies  the  mistletoe  of  the  southeastern  United 
States  which  thus  obtained  its  now  long-established  specific  name  through 
accidental  copying  or  deliberate  emendation  (for  it  is  twice  spelled 
flavescens)  of  a  preoccupied  name.  It  may  be  noted,  too,  that  Eichler 
wrote  flavum  instead  of  flavens  in  the  key  of  his  masterly  analysis  of 
the  genus  in  tropical  America. 

Though  Willdenow  had  the  present  species  in  his  herbarium  (PL  25) 
as  representing  the  Viscum  purpureum  of  Linnaeus,  there  can  be  little 
doubt  that  Linnaeus  himself  intended  this  name  to  apply  to  the  West 
Indian  mistletoe  figured  on  plate  95  of  Catesby's  great  work,  which 
obviously  represents  a  Dendropemon,  to  which  genus  the  Linnean  spe- 
cies is  now,  and  properly,  referred. 

PHORADENDRON  FLAVESCENS  ORBICULATUM  Engelmann. 

Phoradendron  flavescens  orbiculatum  Engelmann,  Boston  Journ.  Nat. 
Hist.  vol.  6.  p.  212.  1850. 


34  THE  GENUS  PHORADENDEON 

P.  orbiculatum  Engelinann,  Mem.  Amer.  Acad.  n.  s.  vol.  4.  p.  59.    1849. 

Differs  from  the  type,  into  which  it  seems  to  pass,  in  its  character- 
istically nearly  round  leaves,  15-25x20-30  mm. — Plate  26. 

Southwestern  Atlantic  region  ( ?  exclusively)  on  Quercus. — The  type 
from  Arkansas. 

Specimens  examined. — UNITED  STATES.  ARKANSAS.  Little  Rock 
(Engelmann,  707, 1837, — the  type  of  P.  orbiculatum ;  von  Schrerik,  1912) . 
Arkansas  Post  (Kellogg,  1909).  OKLAHOMA.  Without  locality  (From 
8.  F.  Trelease,  1915).  LOUISIANA.  Shreveport  (von  Schrenk,  1912). 
TEXAS.  Dallas  (Bush,  1160}.  Trinity  River  (1  Mearns,  171).  Quitman 
(Long  ,12048). 

PHORADENDRON  MACROTOMUM  Trelease. 

Phoradendron  macrotomum  Trelease  in  Small,  Shrubs  of  Fla.  p.  121. 
1913. 

Not  forked,  the  moderate  branches  without  cataphyls,  dioecious.  In- 
ternodes  rather  long  (2-4x30-40  mm.).  Leaves  prevailingly  oblanceolate, 
very  obtuse,  1.5-2x5-7  cm.,  cuneately  petioled  for  about  10  mm.  Spikes 
mostly  solitary,  moderate  (20-30  mm.),  lengthening  to  60  or  70  mm.  in 
fruit),  somewhat  pubescent,  with  about  5  joints  clavately  about  6-flow- 
ered  when  pistillate  and  some  20-flowered  when  staminate :  peduncle  2-6 
mm.  long:  scales  somewhat  tomentose.  Fruit  more  or  less  greenish 
white,  rather  ellipsoidal,  glabrous,  4x5  mm.,  in  distinctly  separated 
whorls :  sepals  nearly  glabrous,  closely  inflexed. — Plates  5,  27. 

South  Atlantic  region,  on  Fraxinus,  Nyssa,  Prunus,  Punica,  Quercus, 
Xantnoxylum,  etc. — The  type  from  Florida. 

Specimens  examined : — UNITED  STATES.  FLORIDA.  Jacksonville  ( Cur- 
iiss,  4569,  1894,— the  type ;  2459;  LightMpe,  1897 ;  Long,  15214) .  Hills- 
borough  Co.  (Frednolm,  6474).  Hibernia  (Canby,  1869).  Without  lo- 
cality (Gray,  1842;  Gilbert,  1883).  Manatee  (Simpson,  49).  Clarcona 
(Meislahn,  155).  Orange  Springs  (M ell,  1907).  Gainesville  (Scnnabel, 
1911;  Long,  15133,  15242).  Red  Bay  (Ward,  1912).  Clearwater  Har- 
bor (PUsbry,  1904).  Palatka  (Smith,  1872).  Lynne  (Long,  15180, 
15180a,  15181).  Fort  Myers  (Long,  15155-6). 

PHORADENDRON  EATONI  Trelease. 
PTioradendron  Eatoni  Trelease  in  Small,  Shrubs  of  Fla.  p.  121.    1913. 

Not  forked,  the  slender  branches  without  cataphyls,  dioecious.  Inter- 
nodes  moderately  long  (1-3x15-30  mm.),  glabrescent.  Leaves  oblanceo- 
late-elliptical,  very  obtuse,  1-1.5x2.5-4  or  5  cm.  Spikes  solitary,  short 
(5-10  or  15  mm.),  minutely  velvety,  with  2  or  3  rounded  or  shortly 


BOREALES— FLAVESCENTES  35 

oblong  joints  6-  to  12-  or  even  30-flowered  when  staminate :  peduncle  1-2 
mm.  long:  scales  minutely  velvety.  Pistillate  flowers  and  fruit?. — 
Plate  28. 

South  Atlantic  region  (  ?  exclusively)  on  Fraxinus. — The  type  from 
Florida. 

Specimens  examined:  UNITED  STATES.  FLORIDA.  Deep  Lake,  Lee 
Co.  (Alvah  A.  Eaton,  1310,  Mar.  1905,  the  type).  Hancock  Creek 
(Harsliberger,  1912). 

Phoradendron  Engelmanni  n.  nom. 

Phoradendron  flavescens  pubescens  Engelmann,  Boston  Journ.  Nat.  Hist. 

vol.  6.  p.  212.    1850. 
P.  flavescens  Stevens  &  Hall,  Diseases  of  Econ.  PI.  f.  187. 

Not  forked,  the  moderate  branches  without  cataphyls,  dioecious.  In- 
ternodes  rather  short  (2-5x20-40  mm.),  subcanescently  tomentose  like 
the  foliage.  Leaves  obovate  to  oblanceolate,  very  obtuse,  1.5-2.5x3-5  cm., 
cuneately  subpetioled  for  about  5  mm.  Spikes  mostly  solitary,  moderate 
(15-20  mm.,  lengthening  to  30-40  mm.  in  fruit),  canescent,  with  some 
4  or  5  joints  rather  clavately  6-  to  12-flowered  when  pistillate  or  oblong 
and  20-  to  30-flowered  when  staminate:  peduncle  2-3  mm.  long:  scales 
tomentose.  Fruit  white,  subglobose,  glabrous,  about  5  mm.  in  diameter, 
in  rather  close  whorls :  sepals  nearly  or  quite  glabrous,  closely  inflexed. — 
Plates  5,  29,  30,  31. 

East  Texan  region,  on  Celtis,  Madura,  Quercus,  Ulmus  and,  very  con- 
spicuously, Prosopis* — The  type  from  Texas. 

Specimens  examined: — UNITED  STATES.  TEXAS.  Vicinity  of  New 
Braunfels  (Lindheimer,  406,  1846— the  type;  115,  1120,  227, 1121, 1849; 
445,  1122,  1850).  Comancheries  (Berlandier,  678,  2088,  1828).  Bexar 
Co.  (Jermy,  1904).  San  Antonio  (Ferriss).  Gillespie  Co.  (Jermy). 
Nolan  Co.  (Broadhead,  1887).  Lampasas  Co.  (Joor).  Melissa  (Pammel, 
1888).  Dallas  Co.  (Reversion,  837}.  Austin  (Heald,  1909,  1911;  Long, 
15103;  Hedgcock,  422,  427).  Mitchell  Co.  (Holstein).  West  Texas 
(Soulard,  1882).  Davis  Mts.  (Tracy  &  Earle,  188).  Fayette  Co.  (Mat- 
tlies,573).  MEXICO.  CHIHUAHUA.  Ciudad  Juarez  (Stearns,  1911). 

Phoradendron  Engelmanni  Claviger  n.  var. 

Differing  from  the  type  in  its  more  elongated  fruiting  spikes  (40-50 
mm.)  with  distinctly  separated  whorls  of  fruit. — Plates  5,  21. 

With  the  type,  into  which  it  probably  merges,  chiefly  on  Prosopis. — 
The  type  from  Texas. 

*A  list  and  analysis  of  host  plants  in  Texas  is  given  by  Bray,  Bull.  Bur.  PI.  Ind., 
U.  S.  Dep.  Agr.  No.  166.  p.  22. 


36  THE  GENUS  PHOEADENDEON 

Specimens  examined: — UNITED  STATES.  TEXAS.  Millett  (Trelease, 
1897,— the  type).  Waco  (Heller,  1376).  Bluffdale  (Ward,  Oct.  12, 
1891, — on  Quercus).  Bexar  Co.  (Jermy,  1904).  Kaufman  Co.  (Tyler, 
1904) .  Big  Spring  (Rose,  Standley  &  Russell,  12211 ) .  Without  locality 
(Menzel).  Austin  (Long,  12041, — on  Celtis). 

Phoradendron  Greggii  n.  sp. 

Phoradendron  flavescens  tomentosum  Engelmann  in  Watson,  Bot.  Calif, 
vol.  2.  p.  105.  1880. 

Not  forked,  the  rather  short  and  slender  branches  without  cataphyls, 
dioecious.  Internodes  rather  short  (2x20-30  mm.),  densely  velvety  to- 
mentose,  like  the  foliage.  Leaves  oblanceolate-elliptical  or  broader,  very 
obtuse,  1-1.5x2.5-3  or  even  2x4.5  cm.,  cuneately  subpetioled  for  2-4  mm. 
Spikes  often  clustered,  long  (30-60  mm.),  tomentose,  with  4  or  5  joints 
somewhat  clavately  about  8-flowered  when  pistillate  and  oblong  and  30- 
or  40-flowered  when  staminate:  peduncle  2-5  mm.  long:  scales  velvety  - 
tomentose.  Fruit  white,  subglobose,  glabrous,  about  5  mm.  in  diameter, 
in  rather  distinct  whorls :  sepals  more  or  less  puberulent,  closely  inflexed. 
—Plate  22. 

Chihuahuan  region  ( ?  exclusively)  on  Acacia  and  Prosopis. — The 
type  from  northern  Mexico. 

Specimens  examined : — MEXICO.  Rinconada,  between  Monterrey  and 
Saltillo  (Gregg,  31,  pistillate,  ,254,  staminate,  1847, — the  types).  Topo 
Chico,  Monterrey  (Herb.  Field  Mus.).  Jimulco  (Pringle,  845).  With- 
out data  (?  Pringle,  1883).  Pena,  Coahuila  (Purpus,  1106). 

Phoradendron  thyrsoideum  n.  sp. 

Not  forked,  the  moderate  branches  without  cataphyls,  dioecious.  In- 
ternodes rather  short  (2-3x10-20  mm.),  rather  persistently  stellate- vel- 
vety like  the  foliage.  Leaves  oblanceolate-spatulate,  very  obtuse,  about 
1x3-5  cm.,  cuneately  subpetioled  for  about  5  mm.  Spikes  mostly  solitary, 
short  (scarcely  10  mm.,  lengthening  to  20  mm.  in  fruit),  tomentose,  with 
3  or  4  nearly  globose  joints  about  8-flowered  when  pistillate,  clavately 
lengthening  in  the  somewhat  thyrsoidally  clustered  fruiting  spikes :  ped- 
uncle about  3  mm.  long:  scales  staring-puberulous.  Fruit  white,  sub- 
globose,  glabrous,  about  4  mm.  in  diameter,  in  rather  close  whorls :  sepals 
glabrescent,  closely  inflexed. — Plate  23. 

Eastern  Sierra  Madre  region. — The  type  from  eastern  Mexico. 

Specimens  examined: — MEXICO.  Victoria  (Palmer,  103,  1907, — the 
type) .  Gomez  Farias  (Palmer,  291).  San  Luis  Potosi  (Parry  &  Palmer, 


BOREALES— FLAVESCENTES  37 

Phoradendron  colipense  n.  sp. 

Not  forked,  the  rather  long  branches  without  cataphyls,  dioecious. 
Internodes  moderate  (2-3x20-40  mm.),  like  the  foliage  from  coarsely 
hispid  with  short  yellow  hairs  becoming  nearly  glabrous.  Leaves  obliquely 
oblanceolatc-elliptical,  very  obtuse,  1.5-2.5x5-8  cm.,  cuneately  subpetioled 
for  about  8  mm.  Spikes  mostly  clustered,  moderate  (35  mm.),  yellow- 
hispid,  with  5  or  6  oblong  joints  about  30-flowered  when  staminate: 
peduncle  2  mm.  long:  scales  somewhat  tomentose.  Pistillate  flowers  and 
fruit?.— Plate  23. 

Eastern  Sierra  Madre  region. — The  type  from  eastern  Mexico. 

Specimens  examined : — MEXICO.  Colipa  (Liebmann,  8, — the  type, — 
P.  flavescens  pubescens  Oliver,  Vidensk.  Meddel.  Naturalist.  Foren. 
Kjobenhavn.  1864.  p.  176. 

PHORADENDRON  MACROPHYLLUM  Cockerell. 

Phoradendron  macrophyllum  Cockerell,  Amer.  Nat.  vol.  34.  p.  293.  1900. 

P.  flavescens  macrophyllum  Engelmann  in  Rothrock,  Bot.  Wheeler,  p. 
252.  1878.  (  =Rothrock,  Repts.  upon  the  bot.  collections,  as  vol.  6, 
Rept.  U.  S.  Geogr.  Surv.  .  .  .in  charge  of  G.  M.  Wheeler). 

Not  forked,  the  rather  long  and  stout  branches  without  cataphyls, 
dioecious.  Internodes  rather  short  (3-5x20-30  mm.),  from  sparingly  vil- 
lous  becoming  nearly  glabrous,  like  the  foliage.  Leaves  broadly  elliptical- 
obovate  or  nearly  round,  very  obtuse,  large,  2-4.5x2.5-6  cm.,  rather 
abruptly  wing-petioled  for  about  5  mm.  Spikes  often  clustered,  mod- 
erate (15-30  mm.,  sometimes  lengthening  to  50  mm.  in  fruit),  glabrate, 
with  some  4  subglobose  joints  about  6-flowered  when  pistillate,  or  3-6  ob- 
long joints  18-  to  36-flowered  when  staminate:  peduncle  2-5  mm.  long: 
scales  somewhat  villous.  Fruit  white,  globose,  essentially  glabrous,  4-5 
mm.  in  diameter,  in  rather  close  whorls :  sepals  glabrate,  little  parted. — 
Plates  5,  7,  9,  10,  34. 

Sonoran  region,  on  Alnus,  Celtis,  Fraxinus,  Juglans,  Platanus,  Pop- 
M/I/.S  and  Salix.* — The  type  from  Arizona. 

Specimens  examined: — UNITED  STATES.  ARIZONA.  Gila  River  (Gil- 
bert, 104,  1873;  Camp  Grant  (Rothrock,  362,  1874)  :— the  types  of 
P.  flavescens  macrophyllum, — both  on  Fraxinus.  Bill  Williams  Fork 
(Bigelow,  3,  1854).  Without  locality  (I.Fremont,  106,  1844;  Palmer, 
1876).  South  of  Flagstaff  (Drake,  15116-7,  15120}.  Beaver  Creek 
(Drake,  15121}.  Santa  Rita  Mts.  (Engelmann,  1880;  Griffiths,  2678; 
Shear,  4200,  4206}.  Santa  Catalina  Mts.  (Tourney,  2}.  Chiricahua  Mts. 
(Elumer,  1520,  1523,  1533,  1946}.  Tucson  (Tourney,  33,  1894;  Shear, 

*A  list  of  hosts — probably  inclusive  of  the  next  species — is  given  by  Hedgcock 
in  Phytopathology,  vol.  5.  p.  178. 


38  THE  GENUS  PHORADENDRON 

4259;  Ferriss;  Lloyd,  1907).  Huachuca  Mts.  (Wilcox,  1892;  Ferriss). 
Fort  Verde  (Mearns,  164).  Tonto  Basin  (Tourney,  289).  Sta.  Cruz 
River  (Prince,  1884).  Willow  Springs  Mts.  (Griffiths,  3644).  Dudley- 
ville  (Griffiths,  3676).  Rincon  Mts.  (Griffiths,  1797).  Beaver  Creek 
(MacDougal,  612).  Dragoon  Summit  (Eby).  Oracle  (Hedgcock  & 
Long,  9692).  Sedona  (Hedgcock,  4924). 

An  almost  glabrous  form,  f .  glabrata,  occurs  with  the  type  in  south- 
ern Arizona: — Dudley ville  (Griffiths,  3674)  ;  Arabaca  (Griffiths,  6144)  ; 
Chiricahua  Mts.  (Blunter,  1517, 1534, 1535;  Burrall,  1126)  ;  on  the  Boun- 
dary, south  of  Bisbee  (Mearns,  891)  ;  and  from  S.  Pedro  to  Fronteras, 
Sonora,  Mexico  (Harrtman,  946). 

Phoradendron  macrophyllum  circulars  n.  var. 

Leaves  round,  small,  1.5-2  cm.  in  diameter ;  otherwise  resembling  the 
type,  with  which  it  occurs. — Plate  35. 

Specimens  examined: — UNITED  STATES.  ARIZONA.  Sta.  Rita  Mts. 
(Griffiths  &  Thornber,  191,— the  type). 

Phoradendron  macrophyllum  Jonesii  n.  var. 

Leaves  oblanceolate-obovate,  small,  scarcely  1.5-2x3-4  cm.,  resembling 
those  of  P.  Engelmanni;  the  young  growth  yellowish-  or  gray-tomentose. 
In  the  region  of  the  type. — Plate  35. 

Specimens  examined: — UNITED  STATES.  ARIZONA.  Bowie  (Jones, 
4279, — the  type;  4281, — in  leaf -shape  approaching  var.  circulare). 

Phoradendron  Cockerellii  n.  sp. 

Not  forked,  the  rather  long  and  stout  branches  without  cataphyls, 
dioecious.  Internodes  rather  short  (2-4x20-40  mm.),  quickly  glabrate 
like  the  foliage.  Leaves  broadly  elliptical  to  oblanceolate,  very  obtuse, 
1.5-2x3.5-5.5  cm.,  cuneately  subpetioled  for  5-10  mm.  Spikes  mostly  sol- 
itary, moderate  (15-30,  or  lengthening  to  40  or  50  mm.),  glabrous,  with 
about  4  joints  clavately  about  6-flowered  toward  the  top  when  pistillate 
and  ellipsoidal  and  20-  to  30-flowered  when  staminate :  peduncle  4-5  mm. 
long :  scales  and  receptacular  cups  ciliate.  Fruit  white,  globose,  glabrous, 
about  4  mm.  in  diameter,  in  distinct  whorls :  sepals  glabrous,  closely  in- 
flexed.— Plates  5,  36. 

Southern  Rocky  Mountain  region,  characteristically  on  Populus  and 
Salix,  but  also  on  Fraxinus. — The  type  from  New  Mexico.  It  was  this 
New  Mexican  form  which  Professor  Cockerell  actually  had  before  him 
when  applying  to  the  preceding  species  the  binominal  P.  macrophyllum 
as  a  substitute  for  P.  flavescens  macrophyllum  Engelmann. 


BOEEALES— FLAVESCENTES  39 

Specimens  examined : — UNITED  STATES.  NEW  MEXICO.  Mesilla  Park 
(Standley,  525,  1906;  Wooton,  1902,  1906;  Hedgcock,  9953}.  Santa  Fe 
to  the  Rio  Grande  (Wislizenus,  41,  1846-7).  Without  locality  (Wright, 
15,  1851 ;  1785, 1851-2).  Silver  City  (Metcalfe,  31— the  type).  Caruth- 
ers  Ranch  (Hedgcock  &  Long,  9861).  Mangas  Springs  (Metcalfe,  26, — 
more  persistently  villous  than  usual).  Mimbres  River  (Vreeland,  808). 
Las  Graces  (Simpson;  Lay,  1903).  Rincon  (Blumer,  1905).  Turkey 
Creek  Canon  ( f  Hedgcock,  841).  TEXAS.  El  Paso  (Havard,  1881 ;  Jones, 
1884).  Eldon  (Havard,  Nov.  1881).  MEXICO.  CHIHUAHUA.  Ciudad 
Juarez.  (Stearns,  1911). 

Phoradendron  coloradense  n.  sp. 

Not  forked,  the  rather  long  and  slender  branches  without  cataphyls, 
dioecious.  Internodes  rather  short  (2x30-40  mm.),  from  velvety  becom- 
ing glabrous  like  the  foliage.  Leaves  oblanceolate-obovate,  very  obtuse, 
1.5-2x3-6  cm.,  cuneately  slender-petioled  for  about  10  mm.  Spikes  mostly 
solitary,  rather  long  (30-50  mm.),  essentially  glabrous,  with  about  3 
joints  clavate  and  some  6-flowered  when  pistillate  or  oblong  and  20-  to 
30-flowered  when  staminate:  peduncle  5-10  mm.  long:  scales  ciliate. 
Fruit  white,  subglobose,  glabrous,  about  5  mm.  in  diameter,  in  rather 
distinct  whorls :  sepals  glabrous,  usually  closely  inflexed. — Plate  37. 

Sonoran  region  ( ?  exclusively)  on  Prosopis. — The  type  from  Cali- 
fornia. 

Specimens  examined: — UNITED  STATES.  CALIFORNIA.  Fort  Yuma 
(du  Barry,  Feb.  4,  1865, — the  type;  Thomas).  Colorado  River  (Schott). 
The  Needles  (Jones,  May  1884).  A  plant  from  Cameron's  ranch,  La- 
guna,  Cal.,  with  leaves  ranging  from  nearly  round  to  obovate,  3-4x5-6 
cm.  (Schoenfeldt,  3687),  doubtless  also  belongs  here. 

Phoradendron  longispicum  n.  sp. 

Not  forked,  the  rather  long  but  slender  branches  without  cataphyls, 
dioecious.  Internodes  rather  long  (2-3x40-50  mm.),  subcanescently  vel- 
vety-tomentose,  like  the  foliage,  or  the  latter  glabrate  and  rather  glossy. 
Leaves  elliptical-obovate  to  oblanceolate,  very  obtuse,  2-3.5x4-6  or  even 
7  cm.,  cuneately  rather  stout-petioled  for  about  10  mm.  Spikes  some- 
times clustered,  moderate  (15-30  mm.,  lengthening  to  40  mm.  in  fruit), 
short- villous,  with  3-5  joints  clavately  about  12-flowered  when  pistillate 
and  oblong  and  about  20-flowered  when  staminate:  peduncle  3-6  or  10 
mm.  long :  scales  short-villous  and  ciliate.  Fruit  white,  subglobose,  gla- 
brous, about  4  mm.  in  diameter,  in  rather  distinct  whorls:  sepals  short- 
villous  at  base,  nearly  meeting. — Plates  38,  39. 


40  THE  GENUS  PHOEADENDBON 

Central  California!!  region,  on  Aesculus,  Alnus,  Fraxinus,  Juglans, 
Platanus,  Populus,  Robinia  and  Salix:  apparently  rarely  on  Quercus*— 
The  type  from  California. 

Specimens  examined: — UNITED  STATES.  CALIFORNIA.  Lake  Co. 
(Bolander,  2670).  Sacramento  River  (Wilkes  Expedition,  1316, — the 
type,  as  also  of  P.  flavescens  quinquenervium  Torr.  in  herb.).  Kaweah 
(Hopping,  263).  Visalia  (Rattan,  1912).  Araquipa  Rancho  (Jepson, 
1S94).  Vacaville  (Jepson,  1894;  Plait,  1894).  Putah  Creek  (Steiger, 
1894).  Kern  Co.  (Grinnell,  399,  402).  Ventura  Co.  (Abrams  &  Mc- 
Gregor, 33,  49).  Mendocino  (Brown,  921).  Chico  (Griffiths,  1912). 
San  Gabriel  (Brewer,  113).  San  Bernardino  (8.  B.  &  W.  F.  Parisli, 
680).  Lytle  Creek  Canon  (Abrams,  2749;  Spaulding,  299-301;  Graves, 
1697).  Santa  Monica  Range  (Hasse,  4626,  1889,  1893).  Pasadena 
(Jones,  3028,  etc.).  San  Bernardino  Co.  (J.  F.  James,  1879).  Los  An- 
geles Co.  (Braunton,  792).  San  Diego  Co.  (Alderson,  705;  Stokes,  1895). 
Temecula  (Leiberg,  3215).  Claremont  (Chandler,  1897).  Without  lo- 
cality (Wright,  1853-6;  Vasey,  1875,  1880).  Mohave  Desert  (Saunders, 
1906).  ARIZONA.  Sedona  (Hedgcock,  4923). 

Phoradendron  longispicum  cyclophyllum  n.  var. 

Differs  from  the  type,  with  which  it  occurs,  in  its  smaller  charac- 
teristically orbicular  leaves. 

Specimens  examined: — UNITED  STATES.  CALIFORNIA.  Soland  Co. 
(Jepson,  1894, — the  type). 

PHORADENDRON  VILLOSUM  Nuttall. 

Plioradendron  villosum  Nuttall,  Journ.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Philadelphia,  n.  s. 
vol.  1.  p.  185.  1848.— Cannon,  Bull.  Torr.  Bot.  Cl.  vol.  28.  p.  374. 
pi.  27-28. 

P.  flavescens  villosum  Engelmann  in  Rothrock,  Bot.  Wheeler,  p.  252. 
(  = Rothrock,  Repts.  upon  the  bot.  collections,  as  vol.  6,  Rept.  U.  S. 
Geogr.  Surv.  ...  in  charge  of  G.  M.  Wheeler)  1878, — as  to  the  West- 
Coast  plant. 

Viscum  villosum  Nuttall  in  Torrey  &  Gray,  Fl.  vol.  1.  p.  654.   1840. 

Not  forked,  the  rather  short  stout  branches  without  cataphyls,  dioe- 
cious. Internodes  short  (2-4x20-25  mm.),  densely  short- villous  like  the 
foliage.  Leaves  oblanceolate-obovate,  very  obtuse,  1.5-2  or  rarely  3  x3-4 
or  even  5  cm.,  cuneately  subpetioled  for  3-5  mm.  Spikes  often  clustered, 
short  (10-15  mm.,  scarcely  exceeding  20  mm.  in  fruit),  short-villous, 
with  about  3  short  swollen  joints,  some  6-flowered  when  pistillate  and 


*See  Hedgcock,  Phytopathology,  vol.  5.  p.  178,  for  hosts — possibly  inclusive  of 
the  following  species. 


BOEEALES— FLAVESCENTES  41 

12-flowered  when  staminate :  peduncle  2-3  mm.  long :  scales  villous-tomen- 
tose.  Fruit  white,  from  elongated  becoming  subglobose,  somewhat  short- 
villous  at  top,  about  4  mm.  in  diameter,  in  close  whorls:  sepals  rather 
villous,  somewhat  parted. — Plates  1,  5,  6,  7,  10,  40. 

Californian  region,  usually  on  Quercus  but  also  on  Acacia,  Aesculus, 
Arctostaphylos,  Persica,  Populus,  Rhus,  Robinia,  Salix  and  Umbellula- 
ria* — The  type  from  Oregon. 

Specimens  examined : — UNITED  STATES.  OREGON.  Wahlamet  Woods 
(Nuttall,  1834,— the  type).  Without  locality  (Hall,  456;  Finley,  1900). 
Roseburg  (Engelmann).  Waldo  (Howell,  1884).  Grant's  Pass  (How- 
ell,  1264).  Gold  Hill  (Walpole,  152).  Ashland  (Walpole,  380).  Cen- 
tral Point  (Ashworth,  147).  CALIFORNIA.  San  Francisco  Bay  (Wilkes 
Expedition,  Itfff7,  1853-4).  Oakland  (HUlebrand,  1863).  Lake  Co.  (Bo- 
lander,  2671).  Upper  Sacramento  (Wilkes  Expedition,  1772).  Napa 
Valley  (Bigelow,  1854).  Ukiah  (Blasdale,  1019).  Salinas  Valley  (Brew- 
er, 564;  Vasey,  1880).  Palo  Alto  (Baker,  203).  Fort  Tejon  (Horn, 
1863).  Placerville  (Bolander;  Rattan).  Scott  River  (Hedgcock,  1893). 
Sicon  Valley  (Lemmon,  1875).  Siskyou  Co.  (Pond,  189,  192;  Hedg- 
cock, 1896;  Butler,  565).  Plumas  Co.  (Austin).  Butte  Co.  (Austin, 
698;  Drew,  1889).  Raymond  (Hedgcock,  4840).  Chico  (Bidwell,  1890). 
Little  Chico  (Bruce,  1786) .  Sierras  (Bessey,lS15.)  Sugar  Pine  (Scher- 
fee,  1914).  Mendocino  Co.  (Brown,  953;  Chesnut,  595;  Clarke,  1-5). 
Asti  (Pammel  &  Davis,  114).  Vacaville  (Jepson,  1894).  Sonoma  Co. 
(Heller  &  Broivn,  5036).  Northfork  (Jack,  1907).  Amador  Co.  (Braun- 
ton,  1258;  Hansen,  720).  Emigrant  Gap  (Jones,  1882).  Byron  Gulch 
(Ward,  116).  Shasta  Co.  (Baker  &  Nutting,  1894).  Calaveras  Grove 
(Hutchens,  1900).  Mt.  Hamilton  (Chandler,  6043;  Blankinship,  1891). 
Kaweah  River  Basin  (Hopping,  264).  Mariposa  Co.  (Hollick,  1880). 
Hood's  Peak  (Michener  &  Bioletti,  1893).  El  Portal  (Hottes,  1914). 
San  Luis  Obispo  Co.  (Barber,  1901).  Sta.  Barbara  (Elmer,  3794).  Sta. 
Clara  Co.  (Davy,  551;  Elmer,  1758).  Auberry  (Jordan,  8296 — on  Arc- 
tostaphylos, 8332 — on  Rhus).  San  Bernardino  Co.  (Parish,  1073; 
Abrams,  2687,  2749).  Los  Angeles  Co.  (Grant  &•  Wheeler,  979=6243). 
Wilson's  and  Baldy  Trail  (McClatchie,  1893).  Riverside  (Grant,  4517, 
4533).  San  Jacinto  Mts.  (Hall,  2531;  Gregory,  1890;  Berg,  1904). 
Sta.  Rosa  Mountain  (Smith,  5466).  San  Diego  Co.  (Mearns,  3767; 
Palmer,  440;  Chandler,  5456;  Stokes,  1895).  Laguna  (Mearns,  3617). 
Without  locality  (Fitch,  1849;  Kuntze,  1874).  MEXICO.  LOWER  CALI- 
FORNIA. Encenada  (Jones,  3734).  Mountains  (Orcutt,  1310a).  Nach- 
oguero  Valley  (Schoenfeldt,  3400). 


*Cf.   Cannon,  Bull.   Torr.   Bot.   Cl.   vol.   28.   p.   374. — Hedgcock,   Phytopathology, 
vol.  5.  p.  179. 


42  THE  GENUS  PHOEADENDRON 

Phoradendron  villosum  rotundifolium  n.  var. 

Differs  from  the  type  in  its  small  orbicular-obovate  leaves,  l-l.2xl.5-2 
cm. — Plate  41. 

Southern  range  of  the  type,  chiefly  on  Platanus  and  Quercus. 

Specimens  examined: — UNITED  STATES.  CALIFORNIA.  Sta.  Barbara 
(Elmer,  3794  in  part, — the  type) .  Jolon,  Monterey  Co.  (Eastwood,  1894) . 
CajonPass  (Bigelow,  7;  Cooper,  June  8,  1861;  Trelease,  1892). 

Phoradendron  tomentosum  Oliver 

Phoradendron    tomentosum    Oliver,    Vidensk.       Meddel.      Naturahist. 

Foren.  Kjobenhavn.  1864.  p.  176. 
Viscum  tomentosum  de  Candolle,  Prodromus.  vol.  4.  p.  670.  1830. 

Not  forked,  the  rather  short  stout  branches  without  cataphyls,  dioe- 
cious. Internodes  rather  short  (2-3x10-35  mm.),  densely  velvety-tomen- 
tose  like  the  foliage,  with  at  first  yellow  hairs.  Leaves  obovate-oblan- 
ceolate,  very  obtuse,  1-2x2-3.5  cm.,  involutely  contracted  rather  than 
petioled  for  about  3  mm.  Spikes  somewhat  clustered,  moderate  (10  or 
15  to  20-35  mm.),  velvety-tomentose,  with  about  3  swollen  joints  some 
8-flowered  when  pistillate  and  12-  to  30-flowered  when  staminate :  pedun- 
cle 2-3  mm.  long :  scales  tomentose.  Fruit  white,  subglobose,  nearly  gla- 
brous, scarcely  4  mm.  in  diameter :  sepals  short- villous  at  base,  more  or 
less  meeting. — Plate  42. 

Mexican  tableland,  on  Celtis,  Prosopis,  Quercus,  etc. — The  type  from 
central  Mexico. 

Specimens  examined: — MEXICO.  "Real  de  Catone"  (Berlander,  1364, 
1839, — the  type  of  V.  tomentosum  as  also  of  V.  mimosearum  Moricand  in 
herb.).  Banos  del  Grande  near  Real  del  Monte  (Ehrenberg) .  Cedros 
(Lloyd,  147;  Kirkwood,  147;  Lloyd  &  Kirkwood,  15}.  Durango  ( ?  Pal- 
mer, 777, — a  very  yellow- tomentose  specimen  with  some  leaves  subacute. 

Phoradendron  pubemlum  n.  sp. 

Not  forked,  the  rather  long  and  slender  branches  without  cataphyls, 
dioecious.  Internodes  long  (2-3x30-60  mm.),  minutely  rusty-pubescent 
like  the  foliage.  Leaves  oblanceolate,  very  obtuse,  1.5-2x4-7  cm.),  cune- 
ately  rather  slender-petioled  for  5-10  mm.  Spikes  usually  solitary,  mod- 
erate (30  mm.),  pubescent,  with  about  4  ellipsoidal  joints  covered  by 
some  12  flowers  when  pistillate :  peduncle  2-3  mm.  long :  scales  and  recep- 
tacular  cups  rusty-ciliate.  Fruit  ? :  sepals  pubescent. — Plate  43. 

Western  Sierra  Madre  region  of  Mexico  ( 1  exclusively)  on  Legumin- 
osae. — The  type  from  western  Mexico. 


BOKEALES— FLAVESCENTES  43 

Specimens  examined : — MEXICO.  Barrancas  between  Guadalajara  and 
Topic  (Gregg,  895, 1849, — the  type). 

A  form  with  stout  internodes  scarcely  10  mm.  long  and  smaller 
scarcely  petioled  leaves  scarcely  1x3  cm.,  from  the  Sierra  Madre  of  Chi- 
huahua, may  be  known  as  P.  puberulum  chihuahuense  (Endlich,  1220, 
1906, — the  type;  1170;  1267;  Jones,  Sept.  14,  1903,  at  Guayanopa 
Canon). — Plate  43. 

Phoradendron  Coryae  n.  sp. 

Not  forked,  the  rather  long  and  stout  branches  without  cataphyls, 
dioecious.  Intemodes  moderately  long  (2-5x25-40  mm.),  densely  short 
stellate-tomentose  like  the  foliage.  Leaves  round-ovate,  broadly  ellip- 
tical or  exceptionally  obovate,  very  obtuse,  1.5-3x2.5-3.5  cm.,  rather 
abruptly  stout-petioled  for  about  3  mm.  Spikes  mostly  clustered,  rather 
short  (15-20  mm.),  tomentose,  with  3  or  4  swollen  joints  about  12-flow- 
ered  when  pistillate  and  18-  to  36-flowered  when  staminate :  peduncle  2-3 
mm.  long :  scales  tomentose.  Fruit  white,  round-ovoid,  pubescent  above, 
small  (3  mm.),  in  close  whorls:  sepals  pubescent,  erect  and  widely 
parted. — Plates  5, 10,  44. 

Sonoran  region  ( ?  exclusively)  on  Quercus. — The  type  from  Arizona. 

Specimens  examined : — UNITED  STATES.  ARIZONA.  White  Cliff  Creek 
(Bigelow,  8,  1854).  Pass  of  Mt.  Hope  (Bigelow,  9,  1854).  Fort  Whip- 
pie  and  Prescott  (Coues  &  Palmer,  323;  Tourney,  1894;  Cohoon,  7;  Miss 
Kate  T.  Cory,  1911 ;  Hedgcock,  4853, 15100} .  South  of  Flagstaff  (Drake, 
15115).  Camp  Apache  (Girard;  Rothrock,  262;  Gilbert,  1874;  Hedg- 
cock &  Long,  9686,  9688).  Mesa  south  of  Black  River  (Rothrock,  794). 
Santa  Rita  Mts.  (Engelmann;  Pringle,  1881;  TJiornber,  100;  Tourney, 
1894).  Rincon  Mts.  (Blumer,  3601).  Pima  Canon  (Griffiths,  2616). 
Oracle  (Jones,  1903;  Hedgcock  &  Long,  9677-8).  San  Carlos  Reserva- 
tion (Coville,  1915)..  Copper  Basin  (Tourney,  288).  Crown  King  (Hedg- 
cock, 4872-3) .  Strawberry  Valley  (Tourney,  290) .  Bowie  (Jones,  4253) . 
Cosnino  (Jones,  4041).  Garcia  Forest  (Hedgcock,  843).  Tonto  Basin 
(Coville,  1074).  Sta.  Catalina  Mts.  (Griffiths,  3454;  Selkirk,  1771-2). 
Huachuca  Mts.  (Wheeler;  Wilcox,  1893,  391,  458;  Mearns,  2479).  Bea- 
ver Creek  (Drake,  15115).  Without  locality  (Wheeler,  1872).  Chiri- 
cahua  Mts.  (Blumer,  1514,  1516— the  type,  1521,  1976;  PUsbry,  1906 ; 
Burrall,  1125).  Sedona  (Hedgcock,  4916,  4921-2,  4940).  Nogales 
(Hedgcock,  842) .  NEW  MEXICO.  Dog  Mts.  (Mearns,  2395,  2427).  Burro 
Mountains  (Rusby,  389).  Organ  Mountains  (Wooton,  127;  1903 ;  Stand- 
ley,  1906).  Dona  Ana  Mts.  ( Wooton  &  Standley,  1906).  Filmore  Canon 
(Wooton,  1899).  Black  Range  (Metcalfe,  925).  Santa  Rita  (Mulford, 
(170).  Hillsboro  to  Lake  Valley  (Diehl,  570).  Gila  River  (Vreeland, 
807) .  Gila  Forest  (Hedgcock,  9860;  Munro,  15109, 15110) .  Fort  Bayard 


44  THE  GENUS  PHORADENDRON 

(Hedrick,  181).  Silver  City  (Hedgcock  &  Long,  9855).  Grant  Co.  (Blu- 
mer,  129, 197) .  Magdalena  Mts.  (Herrick  &  Herrick,  133) .  Pinos  Altos 
(Hedgcock,  815-7;  Hedgcock  &  Long,  9830-2).  Without  locality  (Wright, 
1786,  1851-2).  MEXICO.  SONORA.  Nogales  (Mearns,  2643).  San  Jose 
Mts.  (Mearns,  1633, 1760).  San  Luis  Mts.  (Mearns,  391,  2528).  LOWER 
CALIFORNIA.  Rancho  Viejo  (  ?  Brandegee,  1889) . 

Specimens  referred  here  that  are  prevailingly  narrower-leaved  than 
usual  though  otherwise  not  closely  alike, — f .  stenophylla,  occur  from  Ari- 
zona (Pajarito  Mts.,  Trelease,  362;  Chiricahua  Mts.,  Pilsbry,  1906;  Blu- 
mer,  1531),  and  New  Mexico  (Silver  City,  Greene,  1880).  To  this  per- 
haps, is  referable  a  specimen  from  the  Sierra  de  la  Laguna,  Lower  Cali- 
fornia (Brandegee,  Mar.  24,  1892),  not  readily  placeable  elsewhere. 

Phoradendron  Havardianum  n.  sp. 

Not  forked,  the  rather  short  but  stout  branches  without  cataphyls, 
dioecious.  Internodes  short  (2-3x20  mm.),  rather  persistently  minutely 
stellate-tomentose  like  the  foliage.  Leaves  obovate-orbicular  or  elliptical, 
very  obtuse,  small,  scarcely  lxl.5-2  cm.,  rather  abruptly  subpetioled  for 
about  2  mm.  Spikes  solitary,  short  (scarcely  10  mm.),  puberulous,  with 
2  or  3  joints  about  20-flowered  when  staminate :  peduncle  2  mm.  long : 
scales  puberulous.  Fruit  white,  subglobose,  glabrous,  3  mm.  in  diameter : 
sepals  pubescent  at  least  at  base,  suberect. — Plate  45. 

Chihuahuan  region  ( ?  exclusively)  on  Quercus* — The  type  from 
Texas. 

Specimens  examined: — UNITED  STATES.  TEXAS.  Guadalupe  Mts. 
(Havard,  82,  Oct.  1881, — the  type).  Cornudos  Mts.  (Havard,  84).  Hueco 
Tanks  ( ?  Mulford,  141).  "Western  Texas  to  El  Paso,  New  Mexico" 
(  ?  Wright,  632,  1849 ) .  "  California ' '  (Bigelow,  1853-4) . 

Phoradendron  Wilkinson!  n.  sp. 

Not  forked,  the  rather  short  and  slender  branches  without  cataphyls, 
dioecious.  Internodes  short  (2x10  mm.),  minutely  stellate-tomentose  like 
the  foliage.  Leaves  obovate-orbicular  or  broadly  elliptical,  very  obtuse, 
small,  l-l.5xl.5-2  cm.  Spikes  solitary,  rather  short  (15-20  mm.),  some- 
what short-villous,  with  3  or  4  ellipsoidal  joints  14-  to  20-flowered  when 
staminate :  peduncle  2  mm.  long :  scales  villous.  Fruit  ? :  sepals  glabrous. 
—Plate  45. 

Chihuahuan  region. — The  type  from  Chihuahua. 

Specimens  examined : — MEXICO.  Sta.  Eulalia  Mts.  ( Wilkinson,  Apr. 
3.  1885,— the  type). 

*For  a  list  of  hosts  see  Hedgcock,  Phytopathology,  vol.  5.  p.  178. 


BOREALES— BRACHYSTACHYAE  45 

4.    BRACHYSTACHYAE. 

Leaves  usually  relatively  narrow,  never  greatly  elongated  or  large. 
Shoots  neither  angled  nor  as  a  rule  compressed.    Mexico. 

Persistently  woolly.  P.  lanatum. 

Pubescence  usually  sparing  and  evanescent. 
Fruit  villous  or  hispid. 

Leaves  elongated.    Chiefly  East  Mexican. 

Fruit  retrorsely  hispid :  sepals  meeting.  P.  Galeottii. 

Fruit  sparsely  villous. 

Sepals  not  meeting.    East  Mexican.  P.  Palmeri. 

Sepals  meeting.    Lower  Californian.       P.  peninsulare. 
Leaves  broad.    Lower  Californian.  P.  Eduardi. 

Fruit  glabrous  or  short-hairy. 

Leaves  sessile,  subacute.  P.  mazatlanum. 

Leaves  mostly  petioled,  very  obtuse. 
Ample  species,  of  the  mainland. 

Evanescently  hispid,  varnished.  P.  brachystachyum. 
Densely  short-villous :  leaves  petioled.  P.  tlacolulense. 
Sparingly  villous :  leaves  sessile.  P.  globuliferum. 

Rather  small  species,  of  Lower  California. 

Leaves  round-obovate,  subpetioled.  P.  aureum. 

Leaves  oblong-obovate,  sessile.  P.  brachyphyllum. 

Leaves  spatulate-oblanceolate. 
Attenuate  base  short. 

Spikes  rather  long  (20-30  mm.).  P.  tumidum. 
Spikes  short  (15  mm.).  P.  Diguetii. 

Subpetiolate  contraction  marked. 

Spikes  slender,  tomentose.         P.  peninsulare. 
Spikes  stout,  glabrate.  P.  saccatum. 

Phoradendron  lanatum  n.  sp. 

Not  forked  but  more  or  less  pseudodichotomous  from  the  falling  of 
one  lateral  branch  at  a  node,  the  rather  long  and  slender  branches  with- 
out cataphyls,  dioecious?.  Internodes  rather  short  (3x20-30  mm.), 
densely  and  persistently  woolly  with  long  sulphur-yellow  hairs  like  the 
foliage.  Leaves  narrowly  elliptical  varying  into  subspatulate  or  obovatc, 
subacute  to  very  obtuse,  .5-.8x2-3  cm.,  contracted  for  about  1  mm.  at  base. 
Spikes  (young)  solitary,  short  (10  mm.),  very  tomentose,  with  2-4  short 
few-flowered  joints:  peduncle  scarcely  1  mm.  long:  scales  concealed  by 
long  hairs.  Fruit  subglobose,  4  mm.  in  diameter,  slightly  villous  at  top : 
sepals  nearly  glabrous,  closely  inflexed. — Plate  46. 

Cordilleran  region. — The  type  from  central  Mexico. 

Specimens  examined: — MEXICO.  Mesa  de  Cascomate,  Oaxaca  (Pur- 
pus,  2724, 1907).  Hacienda  Ciervo  y  Cadereyta,  Queretaro  (Rose,  Paint- 
er &  Rose,  9707, — the  type) . 


46  THE  GENUS  PHOEADENDBON 

Phoradendron  Galeottii  n.  sp. 

Not  forked,  the  rather  short  and  slender  branches  without  cataphyls, 
dioecious?.  Internodes  rather  short  (2-3x15-50  mm.),  at  first  much  com- 
pressed, resinous-dotted,  evanescently  stellate-tomentose  like  the  foliage. 
Leaves  oblanceolate-oblong,  mostly  obtuse,  .5-1x2-5  cm.,  gradually  nar- 
rowed for  about  5  mm.  at  base.  Spikes  mostly  solitary,  short  (scarcely 
15  mm.  in  fruit),  short-tomentose,  with  about  3  subglobose  joints  some 
12-  to  18-flowered  when  pistillate :  peduncle  scarcely  2  mm.  long :  scales 
finely  tomentose.  Fruit  in  congested  whorls,  round-ovoid,  about  4  mm. 
long,  retrorsely  yellow-hispid :  sepals  finely  tomentose,  closely  inflexed. — 
Plate  46. 

Eastern  Sierra  Madre  region  ( 1  exclusively)  on  Quercus. — The  type 
from  eastern  Mexico. 

Specimens  examined: — MEXICO.  Mirador,  V.  C.  (Galeotti,  2694, 
1840, — the  type;  Linden,  541;  Ross,  723).  Zacuapam  (Pur pus,  6401). 

PHORADENDRON  PALMERI  Greenman. 
Phoradendron  Palmeri  Greenman,  Proc.  Amer.  Acad.  vol.  40.  p.  28.  1904. 

Not  forked,  the  rather  short  branches  without  cataphyls,  dioecious?. 
Internodes  rather  short  (2-5x20-30  mm.),  somewhat  tomentose  and  rather 
persistently  short-villous  like  the  foliage.  Leaves  oblanceolate  to  ellip- 
tical-oblong, obtuse,  .5-.8x2-3.5  cm.,  cuneate  for  about  2  mm.  but  scarcely 
petioled.  Spikes  slender,  solitary,  short  (5  mm.,  lengthening  to  10-20 
mm.  in  fruit),  loosely  villous,  with  about  3  subglobose  joints  about  8-flow- 
ered  when  pistillate:  peduncle  1-5  or  6  mm.  long:  scales  villous.  Fruit 
ovoid,  4  mm.  long,  sparsely  villous:  sepals  glabrescent,  more  or  less 
parted. — Plate  47. 

Mexican  table  land. — The  type  from  eastern  Mexico. 

Specimens  examined: — MEXICO.  Alvarez,  S.L.P.  (Palmer,  119,  1902, 
— the  type). 

Phoradendron  Eduardi  n.  sp. 

Not  forked,  the  rather  short  stout  branches  without  cataphyls,  dioe- 
cious?. Internodes  rather  short  (3-4x20-30  mm.),  like  the  foliage  loosely 
villous  or  glabrate  but  not  tomentose.  Leaves  elliptical-obovate  or  ob- 
lanceolate, very  obtuse,  .5-1x1.5-2  cm.,  cuneately  sessile.  Spikes  stout, 
moderate  (25-35  or  40  mm.  in  fruit),  loosely  villous,  with  2  or  3-6  elon- 
gated clavate  joints  some  8-flowered  when  pistillate:  peduncle  2-3  mm. 
long:  scales  somewhat  velvety  or  villous.  Fruit  creamy  white,  subglo- 
bose, 4  mm.  in  diameter,  villous:  sepals  glabrescent,  erect,  not  meeting 
around  the  thick  stigma. — Plate  47. 

Sonoran  region  of  Mexico. — The  type  from  Carmen  Island. 


BOBEALES— BRACHYSTACHYAE  47 

Specimens  examined : — MEXICO.  LOWER  CALIFORNIA.  Carmen  Island 
(Palmer,  882,  Nov.  1890, — the  type).  Todos  Santos  (Brandegee,  512, 
San  Jose  del  Cabo  (Brandegee,  512). 

Phoradendron  mazatlanum  n.  sp. 

Not  forked,  the  rather  long  and  stout  branches  Without  cataphyls, 
dioecious?.  Internodes  rather  long  (2-3x50-60  mm.),  rather  evanescently 
and  sparsely  short-villous  or  puberulent  like  the  foliage.  Leaves  sub- 
spatulately  oblong,  sometimes  falcate,  subacute,  .5-.8x3.5-4.5  cm.,  grad- 
ually narrowed  to  the  broad  sessile  base.  Spikes  mostly  solitary,  mod- 
erate (20  mm.),  somewhat  puberulent,  with  about  4  joints  some  10-flow- 
ered  about  the  middle  when  pistillate.  Fruit  ? :  sepals  nearly  glabrous. — 
Plate  48. 

Sonoran  region  of  Mexico  (  ?  exclusively)  on  Leguminosae. — The  type 
from  Sinaloa. 

Specimens  examined: — MEXICO.  Mazatlan,  Sinaloa  (Gregg,  1202, 
1849,— the  type). 

PHORADENDRON  BRACHYSTACHYUM  Nuttall. 

Phoradendron  brachystachyum  Nuttall,  Jour.  Acad.  Philadelphia,  n.  s. 

vol.  1.  p.  185.    1847. 
Viscum  brachystachyum  de  Candolle,  Prodromus.  vol.  4.  p.  280.  1830. 

Not  forked,  the  rather  long  and  slender  branches  without  cataphyls, 
dioecious.  Internodes  from  short  (2x20  mm.)  to  long  (3x60  mm.),  some- 
Mrhat  varnished,  evanescently  hispid  like  the  foliage.  Leaves  extremely 
variable  even  on  the  same  shoot,  from  typically  oblong-lanceolate  or  ob- 
lanceolate  to  obovate  or  orbicular,  the  narrower  forms  more  or  less  fal- 
cate, obtuse,  .5x3.5,  1.5-2x5,  or  1.5x1.5  cm.,  cuneately  narrowed  rather 
than  petioled  for  3-5  mm.  Spikes  mostly  solitary,  short  (10  mm.,  scarcely 
reaching  15  mm.  in  fruit),  sparingly  puberulent,  with  2  or  3  somewhat 
swollen  joints  8-  to  12-flowered  when  pistillate  and  18-  to  30-flowered 
when  staminate:  peduncle  1-3  mm.  long:  scales  nearly  glabrous.  Fruit 
globose,  umbonate,  3  mm.  in  diameter,  glabrous:  sepals  essentially  gla- 
brous, closely  inflexed. — Plates  48,  49. 

Mexican  tableland,  on  Arbutus,  Quercus,  etc. — The  type  from  about 
Real  del  Monte. 

Specimens  examined: — MEXICO.  Tampico  to  Real  del  Monte  (Ber- 
landier, — the  type  of  Viscum  brachystachyum).  Regla  (Ehrenberg,  422 
in  part).  El  Sabino,  Zimapan  (Galeotti,  2692).  Aculcingo  (Liebmann, 
7,  11,  3083, — P.  flavescens?  and  P.  brachystachyum  var.,  Oliver),  Ori- 
zaba (Mueller,  221,  1755).  Sta.  Fe,  Valley  of  Mexico  (Bourgeau,  572). 
Tehuacan  (Pringle,  6759,  7027;  Endlich,  1899;  Rose,  Painter  &  Rose, 


48  THE  GENUS  PHORADENDRON 

8973;  Rose  &  Rose,  11260}.  Tlacuiltopec  (Purpus,  4087).  Cholula  (Ar- 
sene,  896,  1907 ;  7,  1908).  Tepoxuchil  (Arsene,  10,  1908).  Jordana,  To- 
luca  (?  Gregg,  725,  1849).  Chapala,  Jalisco  (Diguet,  109}.  Fuente, 
Sinaloa  (Rose,  Standley  &  Russell,  13520}.  Aguascalientes,  Colima 
(Kerber,  88).  Guaymas,  Sonora  (Rose,  Standley  &  Russell,  12574}. 
Ixmiquilpan,  Hid.  (Purpus,  1441;  Rose,  Painter  &  Rose,  9160}.  Above 
Cuernavaca  (Pringle,  8009,  11160}.  Cerro  S.  Felipe,  Oaxaca  (Conzatti, 
2198;  Conzatti  &  Gonzales,  72}.  Mitla  to  Matatlan  (Conzatti  &  Vazquez, 
1476} .  Without  locality  (Graham,  231;  Pavon;  Aschenborn,  428} .  Tzin- 
tzuntzan  (Seler,  1249}.  Sierra  de  Parras  (Purpus,  5073}. 

PHORADENDRON  TLACOLULENSE  Loesener. 

Phoradendron  tlacolulense  Loesener,  Bull.  Herb.  Boissier.  vol.  2.  p.  536. 

pi.  20.  1894. 
Phoradendrum  tlacolulense  Urban,  Bot.  Jahrb.  vol.  23.  Beiblatt  57.  p. 

3.    1897. 

Not  forked,  the  short  but  slender  branches  without  cataphyls.  dioe- 
cious. Internodes  short  ( 1-3x20-30  mm. ) ,  densely  villous  with  short  yel- 
low hairs  like  the  foliage.  Leaves  orbicular  to  very  broadly  ovate  or 
obovate,  very  obtuse,  .5-1.7x1-2  cm.,  abruptly  contracted  to  sometimes 
connate  petioles  2-3  mm.  long.  Spikes  mostly  solitary,  very  short  (5 
mm.),  somewhat  villous,  with  2  or  3  swollen  joints  about  6-flowered: 
peduncle  scarcely  1  mm.  long.  Fruit  round-ovoid,  about  4x5  mm.,  gla- 
brous :  sepals  inflexed. — Plate  50. 

Cordilleran  region. — The  type  from  Oaxaca. 

Specimens  examined : — MEXICO.  Mitla,  Oax.  (Seler,  119, — the  type). 
Near  Agua  Escondida  (Seler,  1763}. 

Phoradendron  globuliferum  n.  sp. 

Not  forked,  the  rather  short  branches  without  eataphyls,  dioecious?. 
Internodes  short  (2-3x10-20  mm.),  more  or  less  flattened,  somewhat  short  - 
villous  like  the  foliage.  Leaves  shortly  elliptical-obovate,  very  obtuse, 
.5-1x2  cm.,  sessile.  Spikes  solitary,  short  (5  mm.,  lengthening  to  20  mm. 
in  fruit),  sparingly  short-villous,  with  about  2  subglobose  joints  about 
8-  to  16-flowered  when  pistillate:  peduncle  scarcely  2  mm.  long:  scales 
sparingly  villous.  Fruit  (immature)  subglobose,  smooth,  small:  sepals 
somewhat  villous  at  base,  suberect. — Plate  51. 

Sonoran  region  of  Mexico. — The  type  from  Sonora. 

Specimens  examined: — MEXICO.  Guaymas,  Sonora  (Palmer,  88,  1887, 
— the  type;  Brandegee,  1892). 


BOEEALES— BRACHYSTACHYAE  49 

Phoradendron  aureum  n.  sp. 

Not  forked,  the  rather  short  branches  without  cataphyls,  dioecious. 
Internodes  short  (2x10-20  mm.),  sparsely  short-villous  like  the  foliage. 
Leaves  spatulate-obovate,  very  obtuse,  .6-1x1-2  cm.,  cuneately  subpetioled 
for  about  3  mm.  Spikes  solitary,  golden,  short  (10-15  mm.),  somewhat 
velvety,  with  2  or  3  rounded  joints  12-  to  24-flowered  when  staminate : 
peduncle  2  mm.  long :  scales  conspicuously  ciliate.  Fruit?. — Plate  52. 

Sonoran  region  of  Mexico. — The  type  from  Lower  California. 

Specimens  examined: — MEXICO.  Sta.  Cruz,  L6wer  California  (Rose, 
16848,  Apr.  16,  1911,— the  type). 

Phoradendron  brachyphyllum  n.  sp. 

Not  forked,  the  short  stout  branches  without  cataphyls,  dioecious?. 
Internodes  rather  short  (2-4x10-30  mm.),  sparsely  short-villous  like  the 
foliage.  Leaves  (represented  only  near  the  ends  of  the  branches,  and 
perhaps  much  larger  when  fully  developed)  obovate-oblong,  obtuse, 
scarcely  .3x1  cm.,  sessile.  Spikes  mostly  solitary,  short  (scarcely  10 
mm.),  sparingly  short-villous,  with  about  2  ellipsoidal  joints  about  6-flow- 
ered  when  pistillate:  peduncle  2  mm.  long:  scales  rather  conspicuously 
ciliate.  Fruit  ? :  sepals  sparingly  hispid  at  least  near  the  base. — Plate  53. 

Sonoran  region  of  Mexico. — The  type  from  Margarita  Island. 

Specimens  examined : — MEXICO.  Margarita  Island,  Lower  California 
(Rose,  16293,  Mar.  16,  1911,— the  type). 

Phoradendron  tumidum  n.  sp. 

Not  forked,  the  moderate  branches  without  cataphyls,  dioecious.  In- 
ternodes rather  long  (3-4x40-50  mm.),  rather  sparsely  short-villous  like 
the  foliage.  Leaves  oblanceolate,  very  obtuse,  .7x2.5-3  cm.,  cuneately 
subsessile.  Spikes  solitary,  long  for  the  group  (15-25  or  30  mm.),  spar- 
ingly short-villous,  with  about  3  ellipsoidal  joints  some  30-  to  60-flowered 
when  staminate,  the  lowest  joint  sometimes  swollen  to  5  mm.  in  diameter: 
peduncle  2  mm.  long :  scales  conspicuously  ciliate.  Fruit  ? :  sepals  some- 
wliat  hispid  or  villous. — Plate  53. 

Sonoran  region  of  Mexico. — The  type  from  Lower  California. 

Specimens  examined : — MEXICO.  LOWER  CALIFORNIA.  Espiritu  Santo 
(Rose,  16862,  Apr.  18,  1911,— the  type).  La  Paz  (Brandegee,  1892). 

PHORADENDRON  DIGUETII  Van  Tieghem. 

Plwradendron  Diguetii  Van  Tieghem,  Bull.  Mus.  Hist.  Nat.  Paris,  vol.  1. 
p.  31.    1895. 

Not  forked,  the  moderate  branches  without  cataphyls,  dioecious.  In- 
ternodes moderate  (2x20-30  mm.),  from  sparingly  velvety  becoming  gla- 


50  THE  GENUS  PHOEADENDEON 

brous  like  the  foliage.  Leaves  oblong-spatulate,  obtuse,  .5x3  cm.,  euneately 
attenuate  for  about  5  mm.  Spikes  solitary,  short  (15  mm.),  very  spar- 
ingly short-tomentose,  with  about  3  subclavate-oblong  joints  some  24- 
flowered  when  staminate :  peduncle  3  mm.  long.  Fruit  ?. — Plate  54. 

Sonoran  region  of  Mexico. — The  type  from  Lower  California. 

Specimens  examined: — MEXICO.  LOWER  CALIFORNIA.  Without  fur- 
ther indication  (Diguet,  Dec.  15,  1894,  on  Quercus,  in  the  herbarium  of 
the  Museum  at  Paris, — taken  as  the  type).  Magdalena  Bay  (Brandegee, 
1889,  on  VeatcUa) . 

Phoradendron  peninsulare  n.  sp. 

Not  forked,  the  moderate  branches  without  cataphyls,  dioecious  ?.  In- 
ternodes  moderate  (2x25-40  mm.),  from  gray-hispid  becoming  nearly 
glabrous  like  the  foliage.  Leaves  spatulate,  mostly  very  obtuse,  .5-1x1.5-3 
cm.,  euneately  attenuate  for  5-10  mm.  Spikes  solitary,  rather  short  ( 10-15 
or  20  mm.),  somewhat  short-tomentose,  with  about  3  short  clavate  joints 
about  6-flowered  above  when  pistillate:  peduncle  2-3  mm.  long.  Fruit 
subglobose,  sparingly  white-villous,  3-4  mm.  in  diameter:  sepals  meet- 
ing.— Plate  55. 

Sonoran  region  of  Mexico.  Perhaps  the  pistillate  form  of  the  preced- 
ing.— The  type  from  Lower  California. 

Specimens  examined: — MEXICO.  LOWER  CALIFORNIA.  Cape  San  Lu- 
cas (Rose,  16354,  May  23,  1911,— the  type).  Carmen  Island  (Rose,  16617, 
Apr.  2,  1911).  San  Gregorio  (Brandegee,  1889 — from  which  the  fruit 
is  here  described). 

Phoradendron  saccatum  n.  sp. 

Not  forked,  the  moderate  branches  without  cataphyls,  dioecious.  In- 
tcrnodes  rather  short  (2-4x20-35  mm.),  like  the  foliage  somewhat  sparsely 
and  transiently  short-villous.  Leaves  narrowly  spatulate,  obtuse,  about 
.5x1.5-2  cm.,  contracted  into  a  slender  spreading  or  recurved  petiole  for 
10  mm.  Spikes  often  clustered,  golden,  rather  short  (15-20  or  25  mm.), 
glabrate  and  glossy,  with  3  or  4  oblong  joints  covered  by  24-36  flowers 
when  staminate :  peduncle  3  mm.  long :  scales  forming  a  truncated  sac. 
Fruit?.— Plate  55. 

Sonoran  region  of  Mexico  ( ?  exclusively)  on  Jatropha. — The  type 
from  Lower  California. 

Specimens    examined: — MEXICO.     LOWER    CALIFORNIA.     San    Josef 
(Rose,  16562,  Mar.  21,  1911,— the  type).    Sta.  Margarita  Island  (Bran 
degee,  1889). 


BOREALES^FERRUGINEAE  51 

5.  FERRUGINEAE. 

Leaves  broad,  large  for  the  group,  very  obtuse,  thick.  Shoots  neither 
acutely  angled  nor  much  compressed.  Mexican  Cordillera  and  Western 
Sierra  Madre. 

Heavy-leaved :  densely  rusty-villous.  P.  Robinsonii. 

PHORADENDRON  ROBINSONII  (Urban). 

Phoradendrum  Robinsonii  Urban,  Bot.  Jarhb.  vol.  23.    Beiblatt  5.  p.  4. 
1897. 

Not  forked,  the  long  stout  branches  without  cataphyls,  dioecious.  In- 
ternodes  rather  long  (3-5x40-50  mm.),  at  first  very  densely  rusty-villous 
like  the  foliage.  Leaves  broadly  elliptical  to  oblanceolate  or  obovate,  very 
obtuse,  1.5-4x5-7  cm.,  cuneately  stout-petioled  for  10-15  mm.  Spikes 
often  clustered,  sometimes  produced  side  by  side  in  successive  years,  mod- 
erate (20-35  mm.,  lengthening  to  50  or  even  85  mm.  in  fruit),  villous, 
with  5-7  rounded  joints  about  20-flowered  when  pistillate  or  oblong  and 
many-flowered  when  staminate :  peduncle  3  mm.  long :  scales  villous  and 
long-ciliate.  Fruit  subglobose,  retrorsely  long-villous  or  hispid,  4  mm.  in 
diameter,  in  approximated  globose  clusters  10  mm.  in  diameter:  sepals 
pubescent,  incurved. — Plates  56,  57. 

Cordillera  and  Western  Sierra  Madre  of  Mexico  ( ?  exclusively)  on 
Celtis. — The  type  from  Tehuacan. 

Specimens  examined : — MEXICO.  Without  locality  (Karwiniski ;  Hdhn, 
1865-6,— P.  Hahnii  Eichler  in  herb.).  Tehuacan  (Pringle,  6272,  1895,— 
the  type,  9467,  13765;  Rose  &  Hay,  5939;  Rose,  Painter  &  Rose,  9877; 
Rose  &  Rose,  11259;  Endlich,  1895;  Purpus,  5832;  Conzatti,  2199).  To- 
nila  (Kerber,  87).  Acapulco  (Liebmann,  9,  3102,  1841, — P.  tomentosum 
Oliver,  Vidensk.  Meddel.  Naturh.  Foren.  Kjobenhavn.  1864.  p.  176; 
Hinds,  1841, — slenderer  and  with  thinner  leaves,  f.  Hindsi. — Plate  57). 

6.    VELUTINAE. 

Leaves  large  for  the  group,  characteristically  elongated,  somewhat 
acuminately  attenuate,  rather  thin  and  conspicuously  nerved.  Shoots 
neither  angled  nor  much  compressed.  Cordilleran  region  of  Mexico  and 
Guatemala. 

Thin-leaved :  yellow- villous.  P.  velutinum. 

PHORADENDRON  VELUTINUM  Nuttall. 

Plwrndendron  velutinum  Nuttall,  Journ.  Acad.  Philadelphia,  n.  s.  vol.  1. 
p.  185.   1847. 

VY.sc urn  velutinum  de  Candolle,  Prodromus.  vol.  4.  p.  281.  1830. 


52  THE  GENUS  PHOKADENDRON 

Not  forked,  the  rather  long  moderately  stout  branches  without  cata- 
phyls,  dioecious.  Internodes  moderate  (3-4x20-50  mm.),  yellow- villous 
like  the  foliage.  Leaves  falcately  lanceolate,  acute  or  rather  acuminate, 
1-2.5x7-10  cm.,  conspicuously  nerved  and  veiny,  cuneately  narrowed  to  a 
petiole  5-10  mm.  long.  Spikes  mostly  clustered,  short  (15-20  mm.),  vil- 
lous, with  about  3  subglobose  joints  scarcely  20-flowered  when  pistillate, 
or  4  more  clavate  joints  about  30-flowered  when  staminate:  peduncle 
3  mm.  long:  scales  villous  and  long-ciliate.  Fruit  subglobose,  glabrous, 
about  4  mm.  in  diameter,  in  compact  whorls :  sepals  glabrate,  more  or  less 
parted. — Plate  58. 

Mexican  tableland  and  through  the  Cordillera  into  Central  America, 
on  Cornus,  Crataegus,  etc. — The  type  from  Toluca. 

Specimens  examined : — MEXICO.  Real  del  Monte  ( Coulter,  21 ) .  Regla 
(Ehrenberg,  422).  Queretaro  (Herb.  Berolin.).  Toluca  (Berlandier, 
1158, — the  type  of  V.  velutinum;  Andrieux,  347;  Holler,  410).  Valley 
of  Mexico  (Schmitz,  150;  Schaffner,  188).  Eslava  (Pringle,  8058,  9509, 
13190).  Deserta  Vieja  (Bourgeau,  782).  San  Nicolas  and  Maromas 
(Bourgeaii,  1004,  1116).  Contreras  (Endlich,  634).  Salazar  (Endlich, 
1048).  Canada  Grande  (Ross,  148).  San  Angel  (Uhde,  1026).  Zim- 
apan  (Aschenborn) .  Istaccihuatl  (Purpus,  1777).  Sta.  Ana,  Puebla 
(Arsene,  8).  Chinantla  (Liebmann).  Without  locality  (Paul,  Duke  of 
Wurtemberg,  1831;  Schaffner,  459;  Uhde,  1027).  GUATEMALA.  Sacate- 
pequez.  Antigua  (Kellerman,  4541). 

An  unusually  polymorphic  species,  the  type  possessing  very  narrow 
and  long  leaves. 

7.      LONGIFOLIAE. 

Leaves  large  for  the  group,  usually  greatly  elongated,  scarcely  atten- 
uate, rather  thick,  but  sometimes  conspicuously  nerved.  Shoots  scarcely 
angled  but  distinctly  compressed  at  the  nodes.  Mountains  of  Mexico 
and  Guatemala. 

Leaves  scarcely  nerved. 

Broad  for  the  group  (10-25  mm.).  P.  scaberrimum. 

Narrow  (5  mm.).  P.  longifolium. 

Leaves  distinctly  about  5-nerved.  P.  uspantanum. 

Phoradendron  scaberrimum  n.  sp. 

Not  forked,  the  long  moderately  stout  branches  without  cataphyls, 
dioecious?.  Internodes  moderate  (4x25-60  mm.),  scabrous-granular,  at 
first  yellow  with  microscopic  tomentum  like  the  foliage,  dilated  below  the 
nodes  to  about  10  mm.  Leaves  narrowly  lanceolate,  subacute  to  obtuse 
or  emarginate,  1-2.5x10-16  cm.,  subpetiolately  cuneate  for  5-10  mm., 


BOREALES— LONGIFOLIAE  S3 

scarcely  nerved.  Spikes  mostly  clustered,  rather  short  (scarcely  25  mm.), 
yellow-tomentulose,  with  about  3  rounded  joints  some  15-flowered  when 
pistillate :  peduncle  scarcely  3  mm.  long :  scales  gray-tomentulose,  scarcely 
ciliate.  Fruit  (immature)  ovoid,  3  mm.  in  diameter,  yellow-tomentulose: 
sepals  closely  inflexed. — Plate  59. 

Western  Sierra  Madre  region. — The  type  from  Tepic. 

Specimens  examined : — MEXICO.  Sta.  Teresa,  Tepic  (Rose,  3409,  Aug. 
8,  1897,— the  type).  Colomas,  Sinaloa  (Rose,  1712). 

Phoradendron  longifolium  Eichler,  n.  sp. 

Phoradendron  longifolium  Eichler  in  v.  Martius,  Fl.  Brasil.  vol.  5.  part 

2.  p.  107,  134  m, — name  only. 
Viscum  longifolium  Zuccarini  MS.,  fide  Eichler,  and  in  herb. 

Not  forked,  the  long  rather  slender  branches  without  cataphyls,  dioe- 
cious?. Internodes  elongated  (2-4x40-75  mm.),  resinous-dotted,  micro- 
scopically tomentose  like  the  foliage,  little  dilated.  Leaves  linear-oblong, 
rather  acute,  .5-.7xlO-14  cm.,  cuneately  subpetioled  for  about  10  mm., 
scarcely  nerved.  Spikes  often  clustered,  rather  short  (scarcely  25  mm.), 
tcmentose,  with  3  or  4  oblong  joints  about  30-flowered :  peduncle  2  mm. 
long:  scales  tomentose  and  long-ciliate.  Fruit?. — Plate  60. 

Cordilleran  region  of  Mexico. — The  type  from  Oaxaca. 

Specimens  examined: — MEXICO.  San  Pedro  Nolasco,  Oaxaca  (Kar- 
winski,  1833, — the  type:  occurring  in  the  Munich  herbarium,  von  Mar- 
tius' herbarium  at  Brussels,  the  Vienna  herbarium,  and  the  Delessert 
herbarium  at  Geneva). 

Phoradendron  uspantanum  n.  sp. 

Not  forked,  the  rathed  long  and  stout  branches  without  cataphyls, 
dioecious.  Internodes  rather  long  (4x70  mm.),  evanescently  sparsely 
hispid  like  the  foliage,  more  or  less  ancipital,  dilated  at  the  nodes  to 
nearly  10  mm.  Leaves  narrowly  oblong-lanceolate,  obtuse,  about  1x15 
cm.,  cuneately  subpetioled  for  10  or  15  mm.,  prominently  5-nerved  and 
somewhat  veiny.  Spikes  more  or  less  clustered,  moderate  (25-40  mm.), 
nearly  glabrous,  with  3-5  narrowly  oblong  joints  about  50-flowered  when 
staminate:  peduncle  2-4  mm.  long:  scales  glabrate,  ciliate.  Fruit?. — 
Plate  61. 

Guatemalan  region. — The  type  from  Guatemala. 

Specimens  examined: — GUATEMALA.  San  Miguel  Uspantan,  Quiche 
(Heyde  &  Lux,  3141,  Apr.  1892,— the  type). 


54  ,  THE  GENUS  PHOEADENDKON 

C.     CALYCULATAE. 

Spikes  rather  long,  3-  to  5- jointed,  each  joint  with  numerous  flowers 
in  about  12  series.  Berries  globose,  granular-papillate,  moderately  small 
(4  mm.),  white?.  The  young  growth  is  rather  sparingly  long-villous. 
Mexico. 

Stems  broadly  winged  and  nerved.  ALATAE. 

8.    ALATAE. 

Stems  decussately  much  flattened,  with  nerved  wings.  Leaves  fal- 
cately  lanceolate.  Mountains  of  central  Mexico. 

Stems  and  leaves  strongly  nerved.  P.  calyculatum. 

Phoradendron  calyculatum  n.  nom. 

Viscum  falcatum  Hooker,  Icon.  Plant,  vol.  4.  pi.  368.  1841. 
Phoradendron  falcatum  Eichler  in  von  Martius,  Fl.  Brasil.  vol.  5.  pt.  2. 
p.  107.  1868. 

Not  forked,  the  very  long,  much  compressed  branches  without  cata- 
phyls,  dioecious.  Internodes  rather  long  (60-100  mm.  or  more),  at  first, 
like  the  foliage,  sparingly  hairy  and  somewhat  resinous-dotted,  2-edged. 
from  5  mm.  at  base  dilated  to  20  mm.  above.  Leaves  falcate,  narrowly 
lanceolate,  obtuse,  1x15-25  cm.,  gradually  narrowed  into  thick  petioles 
about  10  mm.  long,  about  5-nerved  and  veiny.  Spikes  mostly  solitary, 
moderate,  (30-40  mm.),  usually  somewhat  villous,  with  3-5  oblong  joints 
some  50-flowered :  peduncle  2-3  mm.  long :  scales  typically  somewhat  vil- 
lous, long-ciliate  like  the  often  deeply  lobed  calyx-like  receptacular  cups. 
Fruit  globose,  4  mm.  in  diameter,  minutely  granular-papillate:  sepals 
short,  glabrate,  parted.- — Plates  62,  63. 

Sierras  and  Cordillera  of  Mexico  ( ?  exclusively)  on  Quercus. — The 
type  from  eastern  Mexico. 

Specimens  examined : — MEXICO.  Jalapa  (Linden,  538,  1839 :  Galeotti, 
2696, 1840, — the  type  of  V.  falcatum  Hooker) .  Oaxaca  (Andrieux,  346) . 
Sierra  de  S.  Felipe  (Pringle,  4699).  Tlapancingo  (Nelson,  2074).  With- 
out locality  (Karwinski).  Cuernavaca,  Morelos  (Pringle,  13189). 

Strongly  marked  in  its  chief  characteristics,  but  presenting  several 
distinguishable  forms:  filipes  (PI.  64),  with  the  slender  staminate  spikes 
borne  on  a  filiform  peduncle  10-12  mm.  long  (Zacuapam,  V.  C.,  Purpus, 
6279,  1912,  with  the  type)  ;  occidentale,  with  longer  spikes  as  much  as  60 
mm.  long,  of  about  6  joints  (Sierra  de  Nayarit,  Jalisco  (Diguet,  111, 
forming  hanging  tufts  2  mm.  or  more  long)  ;  Gonzalezi  (PI.  64),  with 
shorter  broader  sometimes  obovate  leaves  1-2x3.5-5  or  even  9  cm.  (Canada 
de  S.  Gabriel,  Etla  (Conzatti  &  Gonzales,  295). 


AEQUATOEI  ALES— DIVISION  55 

II    AEQUATORIALES 

With  cataphyls  or  scales  constantly  present  toward  the  base  of  the 
branches,  exceptionally  cymosely  dichotomous  or  forking  without  a  per- 
current  main  stem.  Spikes  axillary  and,  in  the  cymose  forms,  terminal. 
Flowers  in  dioecious  or  monoecious  unisexual  spikes  or,  mostly,  with 
staminate  and  pistillate  flowers  on  the  same  spike.  All  are  glabrous  ex- 
cept for  the  small  group  Anomalae.  Central  in  Brazil,  extending  from 
the  Argentine  to  central  Mexico  and  through  the  West  Indies  even  to 
the  northern  Bahamas. 

Cataphyls  on  the  basal  joint  only  of  each  branch.  INTERRUPTAE. 

Cataphyls  on  alternate  joints.  PARADOXAE. 

Cataphyls  on  all  joints.  CONTINUAE. 

D.  INTEKRUPTAE. 

Cataphyls  strictly  limited  to  the  basal  joint  of  each  branch,  the 
branches  normally  percurrent  so  that  some  joints  occur  without  cata- 
phyls. Throughout  the  range  of  the  Aequatoriales. 

With  foliage  leaves.  FOLJOSAE. 

Leaves  reduced  to  scales.  SQUAMOSAE. 

I.      FOLIOSAE. 

With  foliage  leaves.  All  are  glabrous  except  for  the  group  Anomalae. 
Throughout  the  range  of  the  Aequatoriales. 

Leaves  basinerved.  BASINERVIAE. 

Leaves  pinnately  veined,  never  very  narrow.  PENNINERVIAE. 

a.  BASINERVIAE. 

Nerves  starting  from  the  base  of  the  leaves,  rarely  joined  for  a  short 
distance  above  the  petiole,  never  with  a  pinnately  branched  midrib  al- 
though the  middle  nerve  may  be  stronger  and  more  raised  than  the  oth- 
ers. 

Glabrous  throughout,  though  sometimes  papillate. 
Leaves  not  clasping. 

Fruit  elongated,  with  erect  sepals.  LONGIBACCAE. 

Fruit  round,  ovoid,  or  ellipsoidal. 

Flowers  prevailingly  2-ranked  on  each  joint. 
Fruit  tuberculate. 

Stem  mostly  sharply  4-angled. 

Leaves  obovate.  Of  wide  range.  E  MARGIN  AT  AE. 
Leaves  elliptical  or  lance-oblong. 
Argentine.  ARGENTINAE. 


56  THE  GENUS  PHORADENDKON 

Stem  not  4-angled.    Mexican  or  Central 

American.  VERNICOSAE. 

Fruit  not  tuberculate  though  sometimes  wrinkled 
or  minutely  papillate. 

Leaves  equally  or  obscurely  nerved  on  both  sides. 
Mexican  or  Central  American.  VERNICOSAE. 
West  Indian. 

Leaves  lanceolate  or  elliptical. 

CHRYSOCARPAE. 

Leaves  obovate-spatulate.    DOMINGENSES. 
Of  the  Pacific  Islands.  P.  Townsendi. 

Leaves  fine-nerved  above,  heavy-nerved 

beneath.  P.  laxiflorum. 

Flowers  prevailingly  4-ranked  on  each  joint. 

Commonly  varying  into  2  ranks. — See  above. 
Often  varying  into  4+2  series,  i.  e.  with  an  extra  flower 
interposed  at  top  between  the  two  rows  of  flowers 
over  each  scale  of  the  spike,  a. 
a  Fruit  tuberculate. 

Stein  sharply  4-angled. 

Leaves  obovate.    Brazilian.  P.  emarginatum. 

Leaves  narrowly  lanceolate.    West  Indian.  P.  gracile. 

Leaves  subelliptical.    Argentine.  P.  argentinum. 

Stem  not  sharply  4-angled. 

Argentine.    Leaves  short.  ARGENTINAE. 

Uruguayan.    Leaves  elongated.  FALCIFERAE. 

Mexican  or  Central  American.  ANNULATAE. 

a  Fruit  not  tuberculate. 

Stem  sharply  4-angled. 

Sepals  closely  meeting  in  fruit.  QUADRANGULARES. 

Sepals  not  meeting :  stem  rhombic.  RUBRAE. 

Stem  terete  or  2-edged,  at  first  somewhat  rhombically 
compressed  or  4-lined. 

Leaves  drying  golden,  with  thin  revolute  margin. 

Brazilian.  NITENTES. 

Leaves  not  golden-glossy. 

Drying  thin,  sharp  nerved. 

Mexican.  NERVOSAE. 

Central  American.  P.  Cooperi. 

South  American. 

Leaves  narrow.  ANGUSTIFOLIAE. 

Leaves  broad.  ANDINAE. 

West  Indian.  CHRYSOCARPAE. 

Coriaceous  or  heavy. 

Rather  sharp-nerved. 

Dimidiate.    South  American.        DIMIDIATAE. 


AEQUATORIALES— INTEERUPTAE  57 

Obovate  or  oblanceolate  to  linear. 

Stem  terete.    Brazilian.          ENSIFOLIAE. 
Stem  compressed  or  2-edged. 

Brazilian.    Leaves  moderately 

large.  TURBINISPICAE. 

Argentine.  LIGAE. 

Mexican. 

Fruit  ovoid.  LANCEOLATAE. 

Fruit  globose.  PRINGLEAE. 

Opaque,  or  obscurely  or  heavily  nerved. 

Fleshy.  Mexican.  NERVOSAE. 

Moderately  coriaceous. 
South  American. 

Spikes  very  long  with  large 

Scales.  POLYGYNAE. 

Spikes  not  long. 

Venezuelan.  EIGIDAE. 

Brazilian.  CORIACEAE. 

West  Indian. 

Fruit  smooth. 

Sepals  closely  meeting. 

CHRYSOCARPAE. 

Sepals  parted.  RUBRAE. 

Fruit  wrinkled.  CAMPBELLIAE. 

Central  American. 

Leaves  elongated.      CORYNARTHRAE. 
Leaves  broad  or  small.  BREVIFOLJAE. 
Mexican. 

Leaves  small  or  broad.  BREVIFOLIAE. 
Leaves  long  and  narrow.  PRINGLEAE. 
Very  thick  and  dull.  ROBUSTISSIMAE. 

Flowers  prevailingly  6-ranked  on  each  joint. 

Varying  into  2  or  4  ranks. — See  the  preceding  sections. 
Varying  into  4+2  series. 

Leaves  obscurely  nerved. 

Thick  and  opaque,  mostly  papillately  dull. 

ROBUSTISSIMAE. 
Moderately  coriaceous,  smooth. 

Spikes  moderately  long,  with  moderate 
scales. 

Venezuelan.  RIGIDAE. 

Brazilian. 

Leaves  moderate.       CORIACEAE. 
Leaves  rather  large. 

P.  lanceolato-ellipticum. 


58  THE  GENUS  PHOEADENDEON 

Spikes  long,  with  large  scales. 

POLYGYNAE. 

Leaves  heavy-nerved,  fleshy. 

Lanceolate.    Mexican.  NERVOSAE. 

Dimidiate.    Andean.  OBLIQUAE. 

Leaves  sharply  nerved. 

Stem.  4-angled  or  winged.        AMPLECTENTES. 
Stem  flattened  or  ancipital. 
Leaves  elliptical-dimidiate. 

DIMIDIATAE. 

Leaves  lance-ovate,  thin.  ANDINAE. 

Stem  terete.  ENSIFOLIAE. 

Leaves  clasping  except  in  two  species,  thin  and  sharply  nerved :  stem 
2-  or  4- winged  and  acutely  angled :  flowers  in  6  series,  exception- 
ally fewer  or  more.  AMPLECTENTES. 
Tomentose  throughout.    South  American.  ANOMALAE. 

9.  ANNULATAE. 

Leaves  elongated  or  narrow,  rather  thick  though  nerved  from  the 
base.  Shoots  2-edged  for  a  time.  Cataphyls  a  single  pair  on  the  basal 
joint  only.  Flowers  mostly  in  4  series.  Fruit  warty.  Southern  Mexico 
and  Central  America. 

Leaves  relatively  broad  (1.5-2.5  cm). 
Petiolar  contraction  slender. 

Leaves  broadest  below  the  middle.  P.  annulatum. 

Leaves  broadest  about  the  middle.  P.  multiflorum. 

Leaves  cuneately  subsessile.  P.  amplifolium. 

Leaves  narrow  (  .4-. 8  cm.).  P.  carneum. 

PHORADENDRON  ANNULATUM  Oliver. 

Phoradendron  annulatum  Oliver,  Vidensk.    Meddel.    Naturhist.    Foren. 

Kjobenhavn.    1864.    p.  176. 
PTioradendrum  annulatum  Urban,  Bot.  Jahrb.  vol.  23.  Beibl.  57.  p.  3. 

1897. 

Not  forked  but  more  or  less  pseudodichotomous  from  the  falling  of 
one  lateral  branch  at  a  node,  the  rather  long  and  stout  branches  with 
basal  cataphyls  only,  dioecious?.  Internodes  moderate  (3-4x35-50  mm.), 
somewhat  resinous-dotted  like  the  foliage,  2-edged  or  at  first  somewhat 
quadrate  becoming  terete.  Cataphyls  a  single  pair,  basal,  somewhat 
tubular,  white-margined.  Leaves  lanceolate,  obtuse  to  acute,  1.5-2x10-12 
cm.,  cuneately  contracted  into  a  slender  petiole  1-2x10  mm.  Spikes 
mostly  solitary,  moderate  (30  mm.  in  fruit),  smooth,  with  about  4  clavatc 
joints  12-18-flowered  in  4  or  4-f  2  series  when  pistillate :  peduncle  3  mm. 


AEQUATOEIALES— ANNUL  ATAE  59 

long:  scales  and  deep  receptacular  cups  scarcely  ciliate.  Fruit  subglo- 
bose,  reddish,  4  mm.  in  diameter,  low-verrucose :  sepals  closely  inflexed. — 
Plate  65. 

Guatemalan  and  Isthmian  regions. — The  type  from  Costa  Rica. 

Specimens  examined: — COSTA  RICA  (Oersted,  14,  3082,  the  type,  4, 
3096}.  GUATEMALA.  Volcan  Fuego,  Sacatepequez  (Smith,  2610). 

Phoradendron  multiflorum  n.  sp. 

Not  forked,  the  rather  long  and  slender  branches  with  basal  cataphyls 
only,  dioecious.  Internodes  moderate  (2-3x40-50  mm.),  somewhat  resin- 
ous-dotted like  the  foliage,  somewhat  2-edged  becoming  terete.  Cataphyls 
a  single  pair,  basal,  tubular-bifid,  white-margined.  Leaves  falcately 
lanceolate,  mucronately  subacute,  1  to  mostly  1.5  or  2x12-18  cm.,  cune- 
ately  contracted  into  a  subpetiolar  base  2x10-15  mm.  Spikes  mostly  sol- 
itary, moderate  (about  40  mm.),  smooth,  with  about  three  oblong  joints 
turbinately  about  20-flowered  in  4  series  when  pistillate  and  some  60- 
flowered  in  6  series  when  staminate :  peduncle  3-4  mm.  long :  scales  and 
receptacular  cups  minutely  or  evanescently  ciliate.  Fruit  (immature) 
subglobose,  reddish,  3-4  mm.  in  diameter,  low-verrucose:  sepals  closely 
inflexed. — Plates  66,  67. 

Guatemalan  region. — The  type  from  Guatemala. 

Specimens  examined: — GUATEMALA.  Volcan  Acatenango,  Sacatepe- 
quez (Kellerman,  5154,  staminate,  and  5155,  pistillate,  Feb.  20,  1905,— 
the  types). 

Phoradendron  amplifolium  n.  sp. 

Not  forked,  the  rather  long  and  stout  branches  with  basal  cataphyls 
only,  dioecious?.  Internodes  rather  long  (2-5x50-80  mm.),  resinous-dot- 
ted like  the  foliage,  2-edged  becoming  terete.  Cataphyls  a  single  pair, 
basal,  somewhat  tubular  and  white-margined.  Leaves  oblanceolate-oblong 
to  obovate-elliptical,  very  obtuse,  1.5-3x8-9  or  even  12  cm.,  prominently 
5-nerved  and  distinctly  veiny,  cuneately  broad-based  for  about  10  mm. 
Spikes  clustered,  moderate  (about  30  mm.),  smooth,  with  about  3  oblong- 
fusiform  joints  about  12-flowered  in  4-series  when  pistillate:  peduncle 
2-4  cm.  long:  scales  little  ciliate.  Fruit  subglobose,  reddish,  large,  6-7 
mm.  in  diameter,  verrucose :  sepals  closely  inflexed. — Plate  68. 

Cordilleran  and  eastern  Sierra  Madre  regions  of  Mexico. — The  type 
from  Puebla. 

Specimens  examined: — MEXICO.  PUEBLA.  Piaxtla  to  Amolac  (Nel- 
son, 2018,  Nov.  24,  1894,  the  type).  Huajuapam  to  Oaxaca  and  Retlatz- 
ingo  (Nelson,  1982).  Tehuacan  (Liebmann,  12,  3080).  VERACRUZ.  Pa- 
pantla  (?  Liebmann,  13,  3106).  Pont  de  Jalapa  (de  Pedeguara,  2690). 


60  THE  GENUS  PHORADENDRON 

PHORADENDRON  CARNEUM  (Urban). 

Plwradeudrum  carneum  Urban,  Bot.  Jahrb.  vol.  23.    Beiblatt  5.  p.  1. 
1897. 

Somewhat  pseudodichotomous,  the  moderate  branches  with  basal  cata- 
phyls  only,  dioecious!  Internodes  rather  short  (2-4x30-60  mm.),  resin- 
ous-dotted like  the  foliage,  ancipital  becoming  terete.  Cataphyls  a  single 
pair,  basal,  somewhat  tubular  and  white-margined.  Leaves  linear- 
lanceolate,  obtuse  or  mucronate  to  acute,  .5-1.2x5-15  cm.,  rather  evidently 
3-  or  occasionally  5-nerved  but  scarcely  veiny,  cuneately  narrowed  for 
5  to  10  mm.  rather  than  petioled.  Spikes  mostly  clustered,  moderate 
(20-30  mm.),  smooth,  with  about  3  oblong  joints  some  8-flowered  in  4 
series  when  pistillate :  peduncle  2-5  mm.  long,  bearing  a  few  flowers  when 
elongated :  scales  and  receptacular  cups  short-ciliate.  Fruit  globose,  red- 
dish-orange, 4-5  mm.  in  diameter,  somewhat  verrucose :  sepals  inflexed 
and  nearly  or  quite  meeting. — Plate  69. 

Western  Sierra  Madre  region,  extending  onto  the  tableland  and 
through  the  Mexican  Cordillera  ( ?  exclusively)  on  Ipomoea  trees. — The 
type  from  Jalisco. 

Specimens  examined: — MEXICO.  JALISCO.  Guadalajara  (Pringle, 
1854,  1888,— the  type,  2668,  8647;  Safford,  1438) .  Zapotlan  (Ross,  459} . 
Chapala  (Palmer,  719).  Sayula  (Jones,  570).  Etzatlan  (Barnes  &  Land, 
284).  Without  locality  (Diguet,  107).  MICHOACAN.  Morelia  (Gregg, 
745,  1849).  GUANAJUATO.  Guanajuato  (Duges,  30,  266a).  Empalme 
de  Gonzales  (Rusby,  177, — "on  cotton- wood").  QUERETARO.  Cadereyta 
to  Visaron  (Rose,  Painter  &  Rose,  9742).  OAXACA  (Conzatti,  1913). 

10.  PRINGLEAE. 

Leaves  linear-lanceolate,  rather  thick,  somewhat  evidently  basinerved. 
Shoots  ancipital  for  a  time.  Cataphyls  a  single  pair,  on  the  basal  joint 
only.  Flowers  in  4+2  series.  Fruit  smooth,  with  closed  sepals.  South- 
ern Mexico. 

Fruiting  spikes  short  (15-20  mm.).  P.  Pringlei. 

Fruiting  spikes  moderate  (25-35  mm.).  P.  Forestierac. 

Phoradendron  Pringlei  n.  sp. 

Somewhat  pseudodichotomous,  the  moderately  long  slender  branches 
with  basal  cataphyls  only,  dioecious.  Internodes  short  (2x15-30  mm.), 
varnished  when  young  like  the  foliage,  ancipital,  somewhat  dilated  up- 
wards, becoming  terete.  Cataphyls  a  single  pair,  5-10  mm.  above  the 
base,  scarcely  tubular.  Leaves  linear,  submucronately  rather  acute, 
.5-.8x7-16  cm.,  long-attenuate  at  base.  Spikes  usually  solitary,  short  (10-15 


AEQUATORIALES— NERVOSAE  61 

mm.),  smooth,  with  2  or  3  joints  globose  and  covered  by  12-18  flowers 
in  4+2  series  when  pistillate,  or  clavate  and  about  30-flowered  when 
staminate :  peduncle  1-2  mm.  long :  scales  scarcely  ciliate.  Fruit  globose, 
waxy,  white  ?,  3  mm.  in  diameter,  smooth,  overgrown  by  the  receptacular 
cups :  sepals  closely  inflexed. — Plate  70. 

Mexican  tableland  (  ?  exclusively)  on  Fraxinus. — The  type  from  Hi- 
dalgo. 

Specimens  examined : — MEXICO.  HIDALGO.  Tula  (Pringle,  6630, 1897, 
—the  type) .  Dublan  (Pringle,  11159, 13188} . 

PHORADENDRON  FORESTIERAE  Robinson  &  Greenman. 

Phoradendron  Forestierae  Robinson  &  Greenman,  Proc.  Amer.  Acad.  vol. 
32.  p.  36.  1896. 

Little  forked,  the  moderately  long  slender  branches  with  basal  cata- 
phyls  only,  dioecious?.  Internodes  moderate  (2-3x30-50  mm.),  more  or 
less  varnished  when  young  like  the  foliage,  ancipital  becoming  terete. 
Cataphyls  a  single  pair  5-10  mm.  above  the  base,  spreading.  Leaves  lin- 
ear-lanceolate, obtuse  or  submucronate,  .5-.7x5-8  cm.,  long-attenuate  at 
base.  Spikes  mostly  solitary,  moderate  (30-40  mm.),  with  about  3  joints 
swollen  in  the  middle  and  about  14-flowered  in  4+2  series  when  pistillate : 
peduncle  scarcely  2  mm.  long:  scales  and  receptacular  cups  somewhat 
ciliate.  Fruit  subglobose,  white?,  3  mm.  in  diameter,  smooth,  deeply 
covered  by  the  thin  receptacular  cups :  sepals  closely  inflexed. — Plate  70. 

Cordilleran  region  of  Mexico  ( ?  exclusively)  on  Forestiera. — The 
type  from  Puebla. 

Specimens  examined: — MEXICO.  PUEBLA.  Tehuacan  to  Esperanza 
(Pringle,  6290,  1895,— the  type).  Near  Tehuacan  (Rose  &  Hay,  5873; 
Endlicli,  1899a).  Tepoxuchil  (Arsene,  6). 

11.  NERVOSAE. 

7  Leaves  rather  broad  and  fleshy,  typically  coarsely  nerved  from  the 
base.  Cataphyls  on  the  basal  joint  only,  1  or  less  commonly  2  or  rarely 
3  pairs.  Flowrers  mostly  in  4+2  series.  Fruit  round,  nearly  or  quite 
smooth,  with  closed  sepals.  Mexico. 

Leaves  ovate :  spikes  short.  P.  pachyartliron. 

Leaves  lanceolate:  spikes  rather  long. 

Shoots  nearly  terete.  P.  Schumanni. 

Shoots  ancipital. 

Cataphyls  mostly  2  pairs.  P.  Purpusi. 

Cataphyls  1  pair. 

Spike-joints  turbinately  fruited.  P.  nervosum. 

Spike- joints  clavately  fruited.  P.  Conzattii. 


62  THE  GENUS  PHOEADENDKON 

PHORADENDRON  PACHYARTHRON  Eichler. 

Phoradendron  pachyarthron  Eichler  in  v.  Martius,  Fl.  Brasil.  vol.  5.  pt. 

2.  p.  122.    1868. 

Phoradendrum  pachyarthron  Urban,  Bot.  Jahrb.  vol.  23.  Beibl.  57.  p.  33. 
1897. 

Scarcely  forked,  dull,  the  moderate  branches  with  basal  cataphyls 
only,  dioecious?.  Internodes  moderate  (3-4x40-60  mm.),  somewhat  an- 
cipitally  compressed,  becoming  terete.  Cataphyls  a  single  pair  about  5 
mm.  from  the  base  or  frequently  1  or  2  additional  pairs  at  short  intervals, 
scarcely  tubular.  Leaves  rather  elliptical  below  becoming  lanceolate 
above,  obtuse,  2-5.5x5-9  cm.,  cuneately  subpetioled  for  15-20  mm.  Spikes 
often  clustered,  rather  short  (20  mm.),  with  about  4  subglobose  joints 
some  6-flowered  in  4+2  series  when  pistillate:  peduncle  2  mm.  long: 
scales  evanescently  ciliolate.  Fruit?. — Plate  71. 

Mexican  tableland. — The  type  from  near  Real  del  Monte. 
Specimens  examined: — MEXICO.    Banos  (Ehrenberg,  1011,  Dec.  1838, 
—the  type). 

Phoradendron  Schumann!  n.  sp. 

Scarcely  forked,  rather  glossy,  the  moderate  branches  with  basal  cata- 
phyls only,  dioecious?.  Internodes  moderate  (2-4x20-60  mm.),  quickly 
terete.  Cataphyls  a  single  pair  5  or  mostly  10-15  mm.  above  the  base,  or 
2  pairs  10-15  mm.  apart,  acutely  spreading.  Leaves  oblong-elliptical  to 
elliptical  lanceolate,  very  obtuse,  1.5-2.5x6-8  cm.,  cuneately  subpetioled 
for  about  10  mm.  Spikes  often  clustered,  rather  long  (20  or  25  to  50  or 
70  mm.),  with  some  4  to  6  joints  6-  to  12-  or  14-flowered  in  4  or  4+2  ser- 
ies: peduncle  2-4  mm.  long:  scales  minutely  ciliate.  Fruit  subglobose, 
smooth,  5  mm.  in  diameter :  sepals  closely  inflexed. — Plates  71,  72. 

Western  Sierra  Madre  region  (  f  exclusively)  on  Quercus. — The  type 
from  Jaral. 

Specimens  examined: — MEXICO.  Mountains  about  Jaral  (Walther 
Schumann,  711,  Dec.  25,  1885,— the  type,  Nov.  20,  1886).  Sierra  Nana- 
ruchic,  Chihuahua  (Endlich,  1219).  Santiago  Papasquiaro,  Durango 
(Palmer,  84).  Without  locality  (Karwinski,  1844).  Sierra  Madre  of 
N.  W.  Mexico  (Seemann,  2140). 

Phoradendron  Purpusi  n.  sp. 

More  or  less  pseudodichotomous,  rather  granular,  the  elongated 
branches  with  basal  cataphyls  only,  dioecious  ?.  Internodes  rather  short, 
(3x30-50  mm.),  somewhat  compressed  and  dilated  beneath  the  nodes  be- 
coming terete.  Cataphyls  mostly  2,  sometimes  3  pairs,  one  basal  or  nearly 
so  and  the  others  at  intervals  of  5-10  mm.,  scale-like.  Leaves  somewhat 
falcately  lanceolate,  acute  to  very  obtuse,  2  or  2.5-4x8-15  cm.,  cuneately 


AEQUATOEIALES— NEEVOSAE  (.3 

petioled  for  10-15  mm.  Spikes  mostly  clustered,  rather  long  (at  length 
40  or  50  mm.),  with  about  half  a  dozen  moderate  joints  some  16-  to  24- 
flowered  in  4,  4+2  or  6  series :  peduncle  2  mm.  long :  scales  evanescently 
somewhat  ciliate.  Fruit  subglobose,  smooth,  4  mm.  in  diameter:  sepals 
closely  inflexed. — Plate  73. 

Eastern  Sierra  Madre  region  ( ?  exclusively)  on  Quercus. — The  type 
from  eastern  Mexico. 

Specimens  examined: — MEXICO.  Zacuapam,  V.  C.  (Purpus,  Feb. 
1912, — the  type).  Mirador  (Liebmann,  4,  3097,  1842, — P.  Reichenbach- 
ianum  Oliver) .  Without  locality  (  1  Hdhn,  1865-6) . 

PHORADENDRON  NERVOSUM  Oliver. 

Phoradendron  nervosum  Oliver,  Vidensk.    Meddel.    Naturhist.    Foren. 
Kjobenhavn.  1864.  p.  175. 

Scarcely  forked,  the  rather  long  slender  branches  with  basal  cataphyls 
only,  dioecious.  Internodes  moderate  (2-3x50-70  or  even  150  mm.),  an- 
cipital  becoming  terete.  Cataphyls  a  single  pair,  basal,  scarcely  tubular, 
white-margined.  Leaves  obliquely  lanceolate,  attenuately  rather  obtuse, 
1.5  or  2  to  4  or  5x9-12  or  even  17  cm.,  varying  into  orbicular  and  7x8  cm., 
5-  or  7-nerved  and  veiny,  cuneately  petioled  for  10  mm.  Spikes  mostly 
clustered,  rather  long  (20-30  becoming  40-60  mm.),  smooth,  with  mostly 
4  or  6  joints  turbinately  12-  to  30-flowered  in  4  or  4-(-2  series :  peduncle 
3-5  mm.  long:  scales  and  receptacular  cups  evanescently  short-ciliate. 
Fruit  subglobose,  reddish,  3  mm.  in  diameter,  at  length  finely  granular : 
sepals  inflexed. — Plates  8,  74. 

Eastern  Sierra  Madre  region,  on  Anona,  Liquidambar,  Pyrus,  Quer- 
cus, etc. — The  type  from  eastern  Mexico. 

Specimens  examined: — MEXICO.  VERA  CRUZ.  Papantla  (Liebmann, 
5,  3089).  Colipa  (Liebmann,  5,  3090, — the  type).  Cordoba  (Bourgeau, 
1473,  1482,  1483;  Kerber,  34).  Orizaba  (Botteri,  873;  Mueller,  1219; 
Bourgeau,  2546).  Paso  Macho  (Wawra,  865).  Fortin  (Kerber,  351). 
El  Mirador  (Endlich,  1138;  Ross,  718).  Sta.  Ana  (Bourgeau,  3034). 
Zacuapam  (Purpus,  2877,  1912).  Jalapa  (Pringle,  8191).  Without  lo- 
cality (Herb.  Grisebach.).  "Mexico  und  Umgebung"  (Wawra,  420). 

Phoradendron  Conzattii  n.  sp. 

Not  forked,  the  long  stout  branches  with  basal  cataphyls  only,  dioe- 
cious. Internodes  moderate  (3-6x25-60  mm.)  rough-papillate,  ancipital 
and  somewhat  dilated  becoming  terete.  Cataphyls  a  single  pair,  above 
the  base,  acute,  spreading.  Leaves  falcately  lanceolate,  submucronately 
obtuse  to  very  long-attenuate,  3-4x15-30  cm.,  5-  to  7-nerved  and  somewhat 


64  THE  GENUS  PHOBADENDKON 

veiny,  cuneately  petioled  for  20-30  mm.  Spikes  mostly  clustered,  stout, 
long  (30,  becoming  55-60  mm.  in  fruit),  smooth,  with  about  5  clavate 
joints  8-  to  12-flowered  in  4+2  series  when  pistillate  or  with  double  this 
number  of  flowers  when  staminate :  peduncle  scarcely  5  mm.  long :  scales 
little  ciliate.  Fruit  subglobose,  smooth,  deeply  immersed  in  the  recep- 
tacular  cups :  sepals  closely  inflexed. — Plate  75. 

Cordilleran  region  of  Mexico  ( ?  exclusively)  on  Quercus. — The  type 
from  Oaxaca. 

Specimens  examined: — MEXICO.  OAXACA.  Coyula  to  Cuyamacalco, 
Cuicatlan  (Conzatti  &  Gomez,  2380,  June  22,  1909, — the  type).  Xaya- 
catlan  (Rusby,  Mar.  1910). 

A  form  with  thicker  less  nerved  leaves  not  attenuate  at  tip,  and  short 
acutely  compressed  internodes,  from  Tecomatlan  to  Pueblo  Vie  jo,  Oax. 
(Conzatti,  1897),  may  be  distinguished  as  var.  tecomatlana  (PI.  75). 
With  two  pairs  of  cataphyls  respectively  some  10  and  60  mm.  above  the 
base  and  leaves  scarcely  12  cm.  long,  it  is  var.  nocJiixtlanensis  (Huauh- 
chilla,  Nochixtlan,  Oaxaca,  at  2500  m.  (Conzatti  &  Gonzales,  1187,  June 
1901).— Plate  76. 

12.  LANCEOLATAE. 

Leaves  moderately  fleshy,  narrowly  lanceolate,  rather  obscurely  basi- 
nerved.  Cataphyls  a  single  pair,  on  the  basal  joint  only.  Flowers  in 
4-J-2  series.  Fruit  ovoid,  smooth,  with  closed  sepals.  Mexico. 

Shoots  quickly  terete :  leaves  heavy-nerved.  P.  lanceolatum. 

Shoots  ancipitally  compressed :  leaves  fine-nerved.  P.  falcatum. 

PHORADENDRON  LANCEOLATUM  Engelmann. 

Phoradendron  lanceolatum  Engelmann,  Mem.  Amer.  Acad.  n.  s.  vol.  4. 
p.  59.  1849. 

Not  forked,  the  moderate  branches  with  basal  cataphyls  only,  dioe- 
cious. Internodes  moderate  (2-3x20-40  mm.),  smooth,  nearly  terete. 
Cataphyls  a  single  pair,  about  8  mm.  above  the  base,  acute,  spreading. 
Leaves  short-lanceolate,  obtuse,  1-1.5x6-8  cm.,  indistinctly  nerved,  cune- 
ately  subpetioled  for  about  5  mm.  Spikes  mostly  solitary,  moderate 
(30-40  mm.),  rather  stout,  smooth,  with  about  5  oblong  joints  6-  to  10- 
flowered  when  pistillate  and  15-  to  20-flowered  in  4+2  series  when  stam- 
inate: peduncle  2-4  mm.  long:  scales  ciliate.  Fruit  ovoid,  3x4  mm., 
smooth :  sepals  closely  inflexed. — Plate  77. 

Eastern  Sierra  Madre  region  ( ?  exclusively)  on  Quercus. — The  type 
from  northern  Mexico. 

Specimens  examined : — MEXICO.  Rinconada,  between  Monterrey  and 
Saltillo  (Gregg,  255,— the  type;  TJiurber,  865). 


AEQUATOBIALES— ANGUSTIFOLIAE  65 

Phoradendron  falcatum  n.  comb. 

Viscum  falcatum  Chamisso  &  Schlechtendal,  Linnaea.  vol.  5.  p.  172.  1830. 
V.  Schiedeanum  de  Candolle,  Prodomus.  vol.  4.  p.  671.  1830. 

Not  forked,  the  moderately  long  and  stout  branches  with  basal  cata- 
phyls  only,  dioecious?.  Internodes  rather  short  (2-4x20-50  mm.),  smooth, 
ancipitally  flattened  becoming  terete.  Cataphyls  a  single  pair,  nearly 
basal,  rather  blunt  and  white  margined.  Leaves  lanceolate,  obtuse,  at 
length  1.5x8-15  cm.,  rather  distinctly  but  finely  nerved,  cuneately  atten- 
uate for  about  10  mm.  Spikes  mostly  solitary,  rather  short  (15-25  mm.), 
slender,  smooth,  with  about  4  joints  some  6-flowered  in  4+2  series  when 
pistillate:  peduncle  1-3  mm.  long,  sometimes  with  more  than  one  joint: 
scales  ciliolate.  Fruit  (immature)  ovoid,  2x3  mm.,  smooth:  sepals  in- 
flexed.— Plate  78. 

Eastern  Sierra  Madre  region  (?  exclusively)  on  Quercus. — The  type 
from  Jalapa. 

Specimens  examined: — MEXICO.  Jalapa  (Schiede,  403, — the  type  of 
V.  falcatum).  San  Luis  Potosi  (Parry  &  Palmer,  799). 

13.  ANGUSTIFOLIAE. 

Leaves  narrow  or  short,  rather  thin,  fine-nerved  from  the  base.  Shoots 
nearly  terete.  Cataphyls  a  single  pair,  on  the  basal  joint  only.  Flow- 
ers in  4+2  series.  Andes. 

Leaves  linear-lanceolate,  long :  sepals  inflexed.  P.  angustifolium. 

Leaves  broadly  lanceolate,  short :  sepals  erect.  P.  parietarioides. 

PHORADENDRON  ANGUSTIFOLIUM  Eichler. 

Phoradendron  angustifolium  Eichler  in  v.  Martius,  Fl.  Brasil.  vol.  5.  pt. 

2.  p.  115.  1868. 
Loranthus  angustifolius  Humboldt,  Bonpland  &  Kunth,  Nov.  Gen.  Sp. 

vol.  3.  p.  442.  1818. 

Viscum  angustifolium  de  Candolle,  Prodromus.  vol.  4.  p.  281.  1830. 
V.  stenophyllum  Sprengel,  Systema.  vol.  1.  p.  487.   1825. 

Not  forked,  the  moderate  rather  slender  branches  with  basal  cataphyls 
only,  dioecious!  Internodes  rather  short  (2-3x25-50  mm.),  smooth, 
nearly  terete  or  evanescently  2-edged.  Cataphyls  a  single  pair,  5-10  mm. 
above  the  base,  spreading.  Leaves  linear-lanceolate,  obtuse,  1x12-13  cm., 
finely  nerved,  cuneately  petioled  for  about  10  mm.  Spikes  more  or  less 
clustered,  rather  short  (20  mm.),  slender,  smooth,  with  3-6  oblong  joints 
some  14-  to  30-flowered  in  4+2  series  when  pistillate :  peduncle  4-6  mm. 
long :  scales  narrowly  white  margined.  Fruit  globose,  4  mm.  in  diameter, 
smooth :  sepals  inflexed. — Plate  79. 


66  THE  GENUS  PHORADENDRON 

Andean  region. — The  type  from  Peru. 

Specimens  examined: — PERU.  Olleras  to  Mt.  Aipate  (Bonpland,  3508, 
— the  type  of  L.  angustifolius) .  Without  locality  ( ?  Pavon, — with  ciliate 
scales  and  pistillate  spikes  30  mm.  long  about  12-flowered  at  the  ends  of 
the  joints).  BOLIVIA.  Without  locality  (Cuming,  1 84). 

Phoradendron  parietarioides  n.  sp. 

Not  forked,  the  moderate  slender  branches  with  basal  cataphyls  only, 
androgynous.  Internodes  short  (2-3x20-30  mm.),  smooth,  slightly  com- 
pressed toward  the  nodes  becoming  terete.  Cataphyls  a  single  pair,  above 
the  base,  acute,  spreading.  Leaves  lanceolate,  acute,  1.5-2.5x6-8  cm.,  thin, 
finely  5-nerved  and  veiny,  cuneately  subpetioled  for  about  5  mm.  Spikes 
clustered,  short  (15  mm.),  slender,  smooth,  with  some  3  filiform  joints 
scarcely  10-flowered  in  4+2  series :  peduncle  2-3  mm.  long.  Fruit  ellip- 
soidal, 3x4  mm.,  nearly  smooth :  sepals  suberect,  not  meeting. — Plate  80. 

Andean  region. — The  type  from  Ecuador. 

Specimens  examined: — ECUADOR.  Without  locality  (Sodiro,  148/20, 
— the  type,  148/25;  Jameson,  in  Herb.  Hooker.).  Cumbaya  (Sodiro,  c, 
1871) .  Quisaya  (Sodiro,  i,  1874) . 

14.       CORYNARTHRAE. 

Leaves  elongated  or  narrow,  rather  thin,  fine-nerved  from  the  base. 
Shoots  mostly  2-edged.     Cataphyls  1  or  less  commonly  2  pairs,  on  the 
basal  joint  only.    Flowers  in  4  or  4+2  series.    Fruit  roundish,  smooth  or 
wrinkled.    Central  America. 
Leaves  narrow,  not  very  sharply  nerved. 

Fruiting  spike-joints  clavate.  P.  corynarthron. 

Fruiting  spike-joints  turbinate.  P.  Tonduzii. 

Leaves  relatively  broad  (2  cm.)  sharply  nerved.  P.  Cooperi. 

PHORADENDRON  CORYNARTHRON  EicTiler. 

Phoradendron  corynarthron  Eichler  in  v.  Martius,  Fl.  Brasil.  vol.  15.  pt. 
2.  p.  115.  1868. 

Scarcely  forked,  the  moderately  long  rather  slender  branches  with 
basal  cataphyls  only,  dioecious?.  Internodes  rather  short  (1-2x30-50 
mm. ) ,  scarcely  2-edged.  Cataphyls  usually  2  pairs,  one  nearly  basal  and 
the  other  some  15  mm.  above  it,  scarcely  tubular.  Leaves  narrowly  lan- 
ceolate, mucronately  subacute,  1-1.5x4-6  cm.,  more  or  less  evidently  about 
3-nerved,  cuneately  subpetioled  for  scarcely  10  mm.  Spikes  mostly  sol- 
itary, moderate  (becoming  30-40  mm.),  slender,  smooth,  with  about  4 
joints  clavately  some  6-  to  12-flowered  in  4  or  4+2  series :  peduncle  5  mm. 


AEQUATORIALES— ANDINAE  67 

long:  scales  scarcely  ciliate.    Fruit  (immature)  globose,  much  wrinkled, 
3  mm.  in  diameter:  sepals  closely  inflexed. — Plate  81. 

Isthmian  region. — The  type  from  Panama. 

Specimens  examined: — PANAMA.  Chiriqui  (Wagner,  Apr.  1858, — 
the  type). 

Phoradendron  Tonduzii  n.  sp. 

Not  forked,  the  rather  long  and  slender  branches  with  basal  cataphyls 
only,  dioecious.  Internodes  moderate  (2-3x30-60  mm.),  striate,  2-edged 
becoming  terete.  Cataphyls  a  single  pair,  nearly  basal.  Leaves  narrowly 
lanceolate,  obtuse,  1-1.5x15  cm.,  finely  3-  or  mostly  5-nerved,  cuneately 
long-attenuate  at  base.  Spikes  sometimes  clustered,  moderate  (30-40 
mm.),  slender,  smooth,  with  3  or  4  joints  turbinately  some  20-flowered 
in  4  series  when  pistillate  and  30-flowered  in  4+2  series  when  staminate : 
peduncle  scarcely  2  mm.  long:  scales  and  receptacular  cups  microscop- 
ically and  transiently  ciliate.  Fruit  (immature)  somewhat  ovoid,  3  mm. 
in  diameter,  smooth :  sepals  closely  inflexed. — Plate  82. 

Isthmian  region. — The  type  from  Costa  Eica. 

Specimens  examined: — COSTA  RICA.  Sta.  Rosa  du  Copey  (Tonduz, 
12179,  Apr.  1898,— the  type).  San  Ramon  (Brenes,  14407).  Without 
locality  (Friedrichsthal,  1841/xiv;  Herb.  Bentham.) . 

Phoradendron  Cooperi  n.  sp. 

Not  forked,  the  long  rather  stout  branches  with  basal  cataphyls  only, 
dioecious.  Internodes  elongated  (4-5x60-80  mm.),  ancipital  becoming 
terete.  Cataphyls  a  single  pair,  basal,  rather  acute.  Leaves  falcately 
lanceolate,  obtuse,  1.5-2.5  or  3x15  cm.,  finely  about  5-nerved,  cuneately 
subpetioled  for  10  or  15  mm.  Spikes  often  clustered,  slender,  moderate 
or  long  (20-35  or  even  65  mm.),  smooth,  with  some  5  joints  about  20-flow- 
ered when  pistillate  and  as  much  as  30-flowered  in  4+2  series  when  stam- 
inate: peduncle  1-2  mm.  long:  scales  scarcely  ciliate.  Fruit  (immature) 
subglobose :  sepals  closely  inflexed. — Plate  83. 

Isthmian  region. — The  type  from  Costa  Rica. 

Specimens  examined : — COSTA  RICA.  Estrella,  Cartago  (J.  J.  Cooper, 
5931,  July  1887, — the  type).  Monte  Candelaria,  San  Jose,  etc.  (Oersted, 
5,  3091,  3093, 1846-7) .  San  Jose  (Hoffmann,  219,  1854) . 

15.    ANDINAE. 

Leaves  broad  or  large,  rather  thin,  fine-nerved  from  the  base.  Shoots 
mostly  2-edged.  Cataphyls  a  single  pair,  on  the  basal  joint  only.  Flow- 
ers mostly  in  4+2  series.  Fruit  round,  smooth,  with  closed  sepals.  Andes, 
including  part  of  Venezuela. 


68  THE  GENUS  PHORADENDRON 

Leaves  elongated  (10-15  cm.). 

Relatively  narrow  (scarcely  2.5  cm.). 

Narrowly  lanceolate.    Venezuela.  P.  tubulosum. 

Broadly  lanceolate.    Colombia.  P.  Trianae. 

Relatively  broad  (3-7  cm.). 

Lanceolate.    Bolivia.  P.  semiteres. 

Ovate-lanceolate.    Ecuador.  P.  Verleyseni. 

Leaves  rather  short  (6-7  cm.)  and  broad.    Venezuela.      P.  granaticolum. 

PHORADENDRON  TUBULOSUM  (Urban) . 

Phoradendrum  tubulosum  Urban,  Bot.  Jahrb.  vol.  23.  Beibl.  57.  p.  5. 
1897. 

More  or  less  pseudodichotomous,  the  rather  long  branches  with  basal 
cataphyls  only,  dioecious?.  Internodes  moderate  (2-3x25-60  mm.), 
smooth,  from  ancipital  becoming  terete.  Cataphyls  basal,  a  single  pair, 
tubular,  scarious-margined.  Leaves  falcately  lanceolate,  obtuse,  2-2.5x14 
cm.,  finely  about  7-nerved,  cuneately  subpetioled  for  some  10  mm.  Spikes 
more  or  less  clustered,  moderate  (becoming  30-40  mm.  in  fruit),  with  3 
or  4  joints  turbinately  about  18-flowered  in  4+2  series :  peduncle  about 
3  mm.  long:  scales  scarcely  ciliate,  rather  acutely  divergent.  Fruit  (im- 
mature) subglobose,  nearly  smooth,  3  mm.  in  diameter :  sepals  closely  in- 
flexed.— Plate  84. 

Venezuelan  region. — The  type  from  Venezuela. 

Specimens  examined. — VENEZUELA.  Tovar  (Fendler,  1106, — the 
type).  Galipan  (Kuntze,  1579). 

PHORADENDRON  TRIANAE  Eichler. 

Phoradendron  Trianae  Eichler  in  v.  Martius,  Fl.  Brasil.  vol.  5.  pt.  2.  p. 
117.  1868. 

More  or  less  pseudodichotomous,  the  rather  long  branches  with  basal 
cataphyls  only,  dioecious?.  Internodes  moderate  (3-4x50-70  mm.), 
smooth,  very  acutely  ancipital.  Cataphyls  a  single  pair,  basal,  deeply 
parted,  somewhat  scarious-margined.  Leaves  subfalcately  lanceolate, 
obtuse,  about  2.5x9  cm.,  somewhat  indistinctly  5-  to  7-nerved,  cuneately 
wing-petioled  for  10-15  mm.  Spikes  more  or  less  clustered,  moderate  (20, 
lengthening  to  30  mm.) ,  with  about  3  rather  fusiform  joints  some  36-flow- 
ered  in  4-J-2  series :  peduncle  2  mm.  long :  scales  somewhat  scarious-mar- 
gined, scarcely  ciliate,  subtruncate.  Fruit  red,  globose,  smooth,  3-4  mm. 
in  diameter :  sepals  rather  closely  inflexed. — Plate  84. 

Andean  region. — The  type  from  Colombia. 

Specimens  examined: — COLOMBIA.  Andes  de  Herve,  Antioquia,  a£ 
1800  m.  (Triatia,  2778,— the  type  number).  "Colombia  and  Ecuador" 
Lehmann,  6667) . 


AEQUATOR1ALES— ANDINAE  69 

Phoradendron  semiteres  n.  sp. 

More  or  less  pseudodichotomous,  the  rather  long  branches  with  basal 
cataphyls  only,  dioecious?.  Internodes  rather  long  (3-6x50-100  mm.), 
smooth,  ancipital  or  half-round  becoming  terete.  Cataphyls  a  single  pair, 
tubular-bifid,  scarious-margined.  Leaves  obliquely  or  subfalcately  lance- 
olate, obtuse,  1.5  or  2x8-9  or  3-4x12  cm.,  finely  5-  to  7-nerved,  cuneately 
subpetioled  for  10  or  15  mm.  Spikes  more  or  less  clustered,  moderate 
(becoming  30  mm.  in  fruit),  with  about  3  ellipsoidal  joints  10-  to  24-flow- 
ered  in  4+2  series :  peduncle  2  mm.  long :  scales  scarious  margined,  not 
ciliate.  Fruit  red,  globose,  nearly  smooth,  3  mm.  in  diameter:  sepals 
rather  closely  inflexed. — Plate  85. 

Andean  region. — The  type  from  Bolivia. 

Specimens  examined : — BOLIVIA.  Sirupaya,  near  Yanacachi,  S.  Yun- 
gas  (Buchtien,  1411,  Dec.  17,  1906,— the  type).  Cotana,  at  2450  m. 
(Bucliticn,  163}.  PERU.  Without  locality  (Pavon ). 

Phoradendron  Verleyseni  n.  sp. 

Scarcely  forked,  the  long  branches  with  basal  cataphyls  only,  dioe- 
cious?. Internodes  elongated  (3-6x100  mm.  or  more),  smooth,  for  a  time 
somewhat  compressed  but  soon  terete.  Cataphyls  a  single  pair,  basal, 
tubular-bifid,  white-margined.  Leaves  (on  the  same  plant)  from  more 
or  less  falcately  lanceolate,  2x7  cm.,  passing  into  almost  truiicately  ovate, 
7x12  cm.,  obtuse  or  bluntly  acuminate,  about  7-nerved,  sometimes  rather 
abruptly  or  subcordately  contracted  to  the  cuneately  winged  10  mm. 
petiole.  Spikes  often  clustered,  moderate  (20  lengthening  to  50  mm.  in 
fruit),  with  about  4  oblong  joints  some  20-flowered  in  4+2  series:  pedun- 
cle scarcely  5  mm.  long:  scales  scarcely  ciliate,  subtruncate  or  notched. 
Fruit  red,  globose,  smooth,  4  mm.  in  diameter :  sepals  closely  inflexed. — 
Plate  86. 

Andean  region. — The  type  from  Ecuador. 

Specimens  examined : — ECUADOR.  Without  locality  (Verleysen,  148*, 
—the  type,  148**,  1896;  Sodiro,  19c,  28,  29,  30,  32,  148/29,  148/29b). 
Aguirre  (Sodiro,  Dec.  1870).  Quito  (Jameson,  608,  1848).  Perucho 
(Sodiro,  x,  1871) .  Niebly  (Sodiro,  x,  1873) . 

With  thicker  more  persistently  compressed  internodes,  rather  thicker 
leaves,  and  more  numerous  flowers  than  in  the  type,  it  occurs  from 
Puente  de  Chimbo  (Sodiro,  148/19)  in  a  form  which  may  be  called  var. 
chimboensis. — Plate  87.  With  spikes  as  in  the  last,  but  less  compressed 
internodes  and  small  leaves  some  .5x5-6  cm.,  it  becomes  var.  Fraseri, 
without  locality  (Fraser,  1860). 


70  THE  GENUS  PHOEADENDBON 

Phoradendron  granaticolum  n.  sp. 

Not  forked,  the  rather  long  branches  with  basal  cataphyls  only,  dioe- 
cious?. Internodes  rather  long  (2-6x25-100  mm.),  smooth,  elliptically 
ancipital.  Cataphyls  a  single  pair,  basal,  tubular,  scarious-margined. 
Leaves  elliptical-lanceolate  to  somewhat  rhombically  ovate,  very  obtuse, 
2.5-4.5x6-8  cm.,  finely  5-  to  7-nerved,  cuneately  petioled  for  about  10  mm. 
Spikes  (very  young)  short  (15  mm.),  with  about  4  oblong  joints  some 
20-flowered  in  about  6  series :  peduncle  2  mm.  long :  scales  scarcely  ciliate, 
somewhat  brown-margined.  Fruit?. — Plate  87. 

Venezuelan  region  (?  exclusively  on  Punica). — The  type  from  Ven- 
ezuela. 

Specimens  examined: — VENEZUELA.  Caracas  (Gollmer,  Apr.  28,  1854, 
—the  type). 

16.    AMPLECTENTES. 

Leaves  mostly  of  medium  size,  drying  rather  thin  and  distinctly  fine- 
nerved  from  the  base,  usually  clasping  with  recurved  but  quickly  up- 
curving  bases.  Shoots  2-  or  4-winged.  Cataphyls  1  or  rarely  2  pairs,  on 
the  basal  joint  only.  Flowers  mostly  in  6  series.  Fruit  round,  nearly 
smooth,  usually  with  closed  sepals.  South  America;  one  species  in  the 
West  Indies. 

Upper  internodes  ancipital  or  2-winged. 

Leaves  not  clasping,  relatively  large  (7-10  cm.).       P.  Casimiranum. 
Leaves  clasping,  usually  under  7  cm.  long. 

Internodes  winged.  P.  dipterum. 

Internodes  merely  2-edged. 

Leaves  narrow  (1-1.5  cm.),  rather  long. 

P.  multifoveolatum. 
Leaves  broader  (1.5  cm.),  rather  short. 

P.  hypericifolium. 
Upper  internodes  acutely  4-angled  or  4-winged. 

Leaves  elliptical-lanceolate.  P.  tetrapterum. 

Leaves  lanceolate,  rather  long. 
Petiolately  contracted. 

Relatively  broad  (1 :4) . 

Fertile  joints  turbinate.  P.  demerarae. 

Fertile  joints  clavate.  P.  tovarense. 

Relatively  elongated  (1 :5).  P.  Crulsii. 

Sessile  and  broadly  clasping.  P.  amplexicaule. 

Leaves  obovate-oblanceolate.  P.  Glaziovii. 

Leaves  ovate-lanceolate,  large.  P.  amplectens. 

Leaves  ovate,  sessile.  P,  turbinispicum. 


AEQUATORIALES— AMPLECTENTES  71 

Phoradendron  Casimiranum  n.  sp. 

Somewhat  pseudodichotomous,  the  rather  long  branches  with  basal 
cataphyls  only,  dioecious?.  Internodes  moderate  (3-4x50-70  mm.),  the 
upper  flattened  and  somewhat  wing-margined.  Cataphyls  a  single  basal 
pair  or  2  approximated  pairs,  somewhat  tubular.  Leaves  subspatulately 
oblanceolate,  very  obtuse  or  somewhat  emarginate,  2x8  cm.,  exceptionally 
obovate  and  as  much  as  5  cm.  wide,  finely  5-  or  7-nerved,  revolutely  at- 
tenuate for  nearly  10  mm.,  scarcely  clasping.  Spikes  solitary,  long  (at 
length  80  or  90  mm.),  with  6-8  rather  slender  joints  turbinately  about  40- 
flowered  in  6  series:  peduncle  scarcely  2  mm.  long,  sometimes  with  a 
second  pair  of  scales:  scales  acutely  spreading,  scarcely  ciliate.  Fruit 
(immature)  globose,  smooth,  3  mm.  in  diameter:  sepals  closely  inflexed. — 
Plate  88. 

Brazilian  region  (  ?  exclusively)  on  other  mistletoes. — The  type  from 
Paraguay. 

Specimens  examined: — PARAGUAY.  Peribebui  (Balansa,  3220, — the 
type  in  the  herbarium  of  M.  Casimir  de  Candolle) .  Paraguari  (  ?  Bal- 
ansa, 4721, — younger  and  with  smaller  leaves). 

PHORADENDRON  DIPTERUM  Eichler. 

Phoradendron  dipterum  Eichler  in  v.  Martius,  Fl.  Brasil.  vol.  5.  pt.  2. 
p.  109.  1868. 

More  or  less  pseudodichotomous,  the  rather  long  branches  with  basal 
cataphyls  only,  androgynous?.  Internodes  moderate  (2-6x30-75  mm.), 
the  upper  broadly  2-winged.  Cataphyls  a  single  nearly  basal  pair  or  a 
second  pair  5-10  mm.  higher.  Leaves  elliptical  to  oblanceolate-oblong, 
submucronately  very  obtuse,  1-2.5x3-10  cm.,  rather  distinctly  3-  to  5- 
nerved,  gradually  revolutely  narrowed  to  the  somewhat  clasping  base 
rather  than  petioled.  Spikes  often  clustered,  long  (40, -lengthening  to  80 
mm.  or  more  in  fruit) ,  with  half  a  dozen  rather  slender  oblong  joints  as 
much  as  30-flowered  in  6  series :  peduncle  5  mm.  long :  scales  evanescently 
ciliolate.  Fruit  (immature)  brownish,  globose,  3  mm.  in  diameter,  very 
slightly  granular :  sepals  inflexed. — Plate  89. 

Brazilian  region. — The  type  from  Ceara. 

Specimens  examined: — BRAZIL.  Ceara  (Gardner,  1672, — the  type). 
Monte  Cruzeiro,  Bahia  (Rose  &  Russell,  20027}. 

PHORADENDRON  MULTIFOVEOLATUM  Eichler. 

Phoradendron  multifoveolatum  Eichler  in  v.  Martius,  Fl.  Brasil.  vol.  5. 
pt.  2.  p.  110.  pi.  34.   1868. 

More  or  less  pseudodichotomous,  the  long  branches  with  basal  cata- 
phyls only,  dioecious.  Internodes  rather  short  (2x30-60  mm.),  the  upper 


72  THE  GENUS  PHORADENDKON 

ancipitally  flattened.  Cataphyls  a  single  pair,  basal.  Leaves  oblance- 
olate-oblong,  mucronately  subacute,  .5-1  or  1.5x5-6  or  rarely  10  cm.,  some- 
what 3-,  5-  or  7-nerved,  gradually  revolutely  narrowed  to  the  somewhat 
clasping  base.  Spikes  solitary,  long  (40-80  mm.),  with  half  a  dozen  slen- 
der oblong  or  somewhat  fusiform  joints  30-  to  60-flowered  when  pistillate 
and  60-  or  80-nowered  in  6  series  when  staminate :  peduncle  5  mm.  long, 
sometimes  with  a  very  short  basal  joint:  scales  deeply  parted,  scarcely 
ciliate.  Fruit  reddish  white,  globose,  smooth,  about  3  mm.  in  diameter : 
sepals  somewhat  parted. — Plate  90. 

Brazilian  region. — The  type  from  Bahia. 

Specimens  examined: — BRAZIL.  Desert  regions  of  Bahia  (v.  Mar- 
tins,— the  type). 

Phoradendron  hypericifolium  n.  sp. 

Scarcely  forked,  the  moderate  branches  with  basal  cataphyls  only, 
dioecious!  Internodes  moderate  (2x40-60  mm.),  the  upper  rhombically 
ancipital.  Cataphyls  a  single  pair,  basal,  tubular-bifid.  Leaves  ellip- 
tieal-obovate,  obtuse,  1.5x4  cm.,  rather  evidently  5-nerved,  somewhat 
revolutely  narrowed  to  the  sessile  clasping  base.  Spikes  solitary,  long 
(50-60  mm.  in  fruit),  with  about  4  fusiform  or  turbinate  joints  some  40- 
flowered  in  6  series  when  pistillate:  peduncle  4  mm.  long:  scales  some- 
what notched,  scarious-margined,  scarcely  ciliate.  Fruit  (immature) 
red,  globose,  cellular-papillate,  about  3  mm.  in  diameter:  sepals  closely 
inflexed. — Plate  91. 

Brazilian  region. — The  type  from  Paraguay. 

Specimens  examined. — PARAGUAY.  Southern  Paraguay  (Kuntze,  9, 
Sept.  1892,— the  type). 

PHORADENDRON  TETRAPTERUM  (Krug  &  Urban). 

Phoradendrum  tetrapterum  Krug  &  Urban,  Bot.  Jahrb.  vol.  24.  p.  35. 
1897. 

More  or  less  pseudodichotomous,  the  rather  long  and  spreading 
branches  with  basal  cataphyls  only,  androgynous.  Internodes  rather 
short  (2-4x30-60  mm.),  the  upper  acutely  and  rather  undulately  4- 
winged.  Cataphyls  a  single  pair,  nearly  basal,  somewhat  tubular  or  an- 
nular-bifid. Leaves  more  or  less  falcately  elliptical-oblanceolate  or  ob- 
ovate,  rather  obtuse,  1.5-3.5x6-10  cm.,  rather  evidently  about  5-nerved, 
cuneatcly  narrowed  for  5-10  mm.  rather  than  petioled.  Spikes  mostly 
clustered,  long  (40-90  mm.),  with  about  5  joints  turbinately  some  18-  to 
26-flowered  in  4+2  series:  peduncle  2  mm.  long:  scales  rather  acutely 
spreading,  scarcely  ciliate.  Fruit  white,  subellipsoid,  cellular-papillate, 
2x3  mm. :  sepals  not  meeting. — Plate  92. 

Antillean  and  Caribbean  regions  (  ?  exclusively)  on  other  mistletoes. 
— The  type  from  Jamaica. 


AEQUATORIALES— AMPLECTENTES  73 

Specimens  examined: — ANTILLES.  JAMAICA  (Harris,  6393, — taken 
as  the  type,  6545,  6576,  6926:  Britton,  813).  PUERTO  Rico  (Bertero, 
from  Sprengel  in  the  Presl  herbarium;  Kuntze,  426;  Sintenis,  5409, 
6758;  Britton,  Stevens  &  Hess,  2564;  Stevens,  4818,  4819,  4828,  4887, 
5210,  5211).  CARIBBEES.  MARTINIQUE  (Iscrt,  1787). 

Phorandendron  demerarae  n.  sp. 

More  or  less  pseudodiehotomous,  the  rather  long  and  spreading 
branches  with  basal  cataphyls  only,  androgynous.  Internodes  moderate 
(2-5x30-60  mm.),  the  upper  either  ancipitally  flattened  or  4-winged. 
Cataphyls  a  single  pair,  nearly  basal  or  10-15  mm.  above  the  base,  some- 
what tubular.  Leaves  more  or  less  rhomboidally  lanceolate,  very  obtuse, 
2-3x5-7  cm.,  finely  about  5-nerved,  somewhat  revolutely  tapered  for  about 
10  mm.  rather  than  petioled,  slightly  clasping.  Spikes  more  or  less  clus- 
tered, long  (40-90  mm.),  with  about  5  somewhat  fusiform  or  turbinate 
slender  joints  about  26-flowered  in  4  series:  peduncle  2  mm.  long:  scales 
acutely  ascending,  scarcely  ciliatc.  Fruit  white,  subglobose,  smooth,  3 
mm.  in  diameter :  sepals  not  meeting. — Plate  91. 

Cayenne  region  (  ?  exclusively)  on  other  mistletoes. — The  type  from 
British  Guiana. 

Specimens  examined: — DEMERARA  (Jenman,  2546,  Nov.  1886, — the 
type :  noted  by  its  collector  as  the  most  beautiful  of  the  Guiana  mistle- 
toes). 

PHORADENDRON  TOVARENSE  (Urban). 
Plioradendrum  tovarense  Urban,  Bot.  Jahrb.  vol.  23.  Beibl.  57.  p.  8.  1897. 

Scarcely  forked,  the  rather  long  branches  with  basal  cataphyls  only, 
androgynous.  Internodes  moderate  (3-4x40-80  mm.),  ancipital,  the  up- 
per acutely  quadrangular  or  4-winged.  Cataphyls  a  single  pair,  nearly 
basal.  Leaves  somewhat  falcately  lanceolate,  very  obtuse,  2-3x8-10  cm., 
finely  about  7-nerved,  gradually  narrowed  for  15  or  20  mm.  to  the  some- 
what clasping  base.  Spikes  mostly  clustered,  long  (50-80,  becoming  120 
mm.),  with  half  a  dozen  joints  clavately  some  30-  to  50-flowered  about 
the  middle  in  6  or  even  8  or  10  series:  peduncle  2  or  3  to  7  mm.  long: 
scales  subtruncately  spreading,  scarcely  ciliate.  Fruit  globose,  smooth, 
3-4  mm.  in  diameter :  sepals  nearly  meeting. — Plate  93. 

Venezuelan  region. — The  type  from  Venezuela. 

Specimens  examined: — VENEZUELA.  Tovar  (Fendler,  1761, — the 
type,  1110,  1111). 


74  THE  GENUS  PHOEADENDBON 

PHORADENDRON  CRULSII  (Urban). 
Phoradendrum  Crulsii  Urban,  Bot.  Jahrb.  vol.  23.  Beibl.  57.  p.  11.    1897. 

Mot  forked,  the  long  branches  with  basal  eataphyls  only,  dioecious?. 
Internodes  rather  short  (3-5x50-60  mm.),  the  upper  acutely  and  undu- 
lately  4-winged.  Cataphyls?.  Leaves  somewhat  falcately  lanceolate,  very 
obtuse,  2.5-3x8-12  cm.,  more  or  less  evidently  5-  or  7-nerved,  cuneately 
subses^ile  and  clasping.  Spikes  often  clustered,  rather  long  (30,  becom- 
ing; 50-70  mm.  in  fruit),  with  half  a  dozen  rather  slender  joints  turbi- 
nately  about  30-flowered  in  6  series :  peduncle  3  mm.  long :  scales  ciliate. 
Fruit  (immature)  red,  subglobose,  cellular-papillate,  3  mm.  in  diameter: 
sepals  closely  inflexed. — Plate  94. 

Brazilian  region. — The  type  from  Goyaz. 

Specimens  examined: — BRAZIL.  Goyaz  (Glaziou,  22021),  July  22, 
1895,— the  type). 

PHORADENDRON  AMPLEXICAULE  Eichler. 

Phoradendron  amplexicaule  Eichler  in  v.  Martius,  Fl.  Brasil.  vol.  5.  pt.  2. 
p.  110.  1868. 

Scarcely  forked,  the  rather  long  branches  with  basal  eataphyls  only, 
androgynous?.  Internodes  rather  short  (3-4x40-50  mm.),  the  upper 
acutely  and  undulately  4-winged.  Cataphyls?.  Leaves  shortly  lance- 
olate, very  obtuse,  1-2x8  cm.,  somewhat  evidently  5-  or  7-nerved,  broadly 
sessile  and  clasping.  Spikes  mostly  clustered,  moderate  (20-30  mm.), 
with  2  or  3  joints  clavately  about  18-flowered  in  6  series :  peduncle  3  mm. 
long:  scales  and  receptacular  cups  somewhat  ciliate.  Fruit  (immature) 
globose,  smooth,  3  mm.  in  diameter :  sepals  closely  inflexed. — Plate  94. 

Brazilian  region. — The  type  from  Brazil. 

Specimens  examined: — BRAZIL.  Without  locality  (Weddell,  1858, — 
the  type  collection,  in  the  Candollean  herbarium). 

PHORADENDRON  GLAZIOVII  (Urban). 
Phoradendrum  Glaziovii  Urban,  Bot.  Jahrb.  vol.  23.  Beibl.  57.  p.  12.  1897. 

Not  forking,  the  rather  long  somewhat  cellular-papillate  branches 
with  basal  eataphyls  only,  androgynous.  Internodes  at  length  long  ( 1  or 
2-4x40-100  mm.  or  more),  the  upper  acutely  2-  or  mostly  4-angled  or 
winged.  Cataphyls  a  single  basal  pair,  or  a  second  pair  about  5  mm. 
above  the  base,  somewhat  acutely  spreading:  an  occasional  pair  of  fer- 
tile scales  2-4  mm.  long  preceding  the  foliage.  Leaves  obovate-oblance- 
olate  or  subspatulate,  sometimes  mucronate,  very  obtuse  or  emarginato. 
2-4x5-9  cm.,  somewhat  revolutely  attenuate  for  10  or  15  mm.  rather  than 


AEQUATORIALES— AMPLECTENTES  75 

petiolcd,  somewhat  clasping,  finely  about  5-nerved.  Spikes  mostly  clus- 
tered, long  (40,  becoming  75  mm.),  with  half  a  dozen  rather  slender  ob- 
long joints  some  20-  to  40-flowered  in  6  series:  peduncle  2  mm.  long: 
scales  rather  truncate,  evanescently  ciliolate.  Fruit?. — Plate  96. 

Brazilian  region. — The  type  from  Rio  de  Janeiro. 

Specimens  examined : — BRAZIL.  Rio  de  Janeiro  ( Glaziou,  4004, — the 
type). 

Phorandendron  amplectens  n.  sp. 

More  or  less  pseudodichotomous,  the  long  branches  with  basal  cata- 
phyls  only,  dioecious?.  Internodes  long  (4-7x60-75  mm.  or  more,  the 
upper  acutely  and  often  undulately  4-winged.  Cataphyls  a  single  pair, 
basal,  tubular.  Leaves  more  or  less  falcately  broadly  lanceolate  or  ob- 
lanceolate,  very  obtuse,  2.5-5x7-10  or  15  cm.,  somewhat  evidently  5-  or 
7-nervod,  cuneately  contracted  for  15  or  20  mm.  into  a  subpetiolar  base 
4-5  mm.  wide,  which  is  abruptly  dilated  and  clasping.  Spikes  mostly 
clustered,  rather  long  (30,  lengthening  to  50  mm.),  with  about  5  rather 
slender  joints  turbinately  30-  to  50-flowered  in  6  series :  peduncle  3  mm. 
long:  scales  subtruncate,  scarcely  ciliate.  Fruit  (immature)  subglobose, 
smooth,  3  mm.  in  diameter :  sepals  closely  inflexed. — Plate  95. 

Andean  region  ( ?  exclusively)  on  other  mistletoes. — The  type  from 
Ecuador. 

Specimens  examined: — ECUADOR.  Without  locality  (Sodiro,  148/21, 
1882,— the  type).  Quisaya  (Sodiro,  1874). 

Phoradendron  turbinispicum  n.  sp. 

Scarcely  forked,  the  elongated  branches  with  basal  cataphyls  only, 
dioecious?.  Internodes  rather  long  (3-5x30-100  mm.),  rather  transiently 
4-angled.  Cataphyls  mostly  a  nearly  basal  pair  and  a  second  some  20 
mm.  higher,  tubular,  white-margined.  Leaves  ovate-lanceolate,  obtusely 
somewhat  acuminate,  2.5-4x7-10  cm.,  scarcely  nerved,  cuneately  sessile. 
Spikes  solitary,  long?,  with  evidently  several  rather  stout  joints  turbi- 
nately some  40-  to  60-flowered  in  4-f  2  series :  peduncle  about  5  mm.  long : 
scales  scarcely  ciliate.  Fruit  (immature)  subglobose:  sepals  inflexed. — 
Plate  96. 

Andean  region. — The  type  from  Colombia. 

Specimens  examined : — COLOMBIA,  Quindiu,  Mariquita  ( Triana,  2777, 
1851-7,— the  type). 

17.    BREVIFOLJAE. 

Leaves  small,  thick,  dull,  scarcely  veined,  basinerved.  Shoots,  if  at 
first  somewhat  compressed,  quickly  terete.  Cataphyls  a  single  nearly 


76  THE  GENUS  PHORADENDRON 

basal  pair,  on  the  basal  joint  only.    Flowers  in  4  or  4+2  series.     South- 
ern Mexico  and  Central  America. 

Leaves  very  small  (3x10  mm.).  P.  brevifolium. 
Leaves  moderate  (fully  10x30  mm.). 
Cataphyls  basal. 

Leaves  rather  small  (20x40  mm.).  P.  Rondeletiae. 

Leaves  rather  large  (30x50  mm.) .  P.  vulcanicum. 

Cataphyls  above  the  base :  leaves  crisped.  P.  crispum. 

PHORADENDRON  BREVIFOLIUM  Oliver. 

Phoradendron  brevifolium  Oliver,  Vidensk.  Meddel.  Naturhist.  Foren. 
Kjbbenhavn.  1864.  p.  176. 

Somewhat  pseudodichotomous,  at  first  varnished,  the  rather  long 
branches  with  basal  cataphyls  only,  dioecious?.  Intemodes  rather  long 
(2-3x50-70  mm.) ,  transiently  somewhat  squarish.  Cataphyls  a  single  pair, 
about  5  mm.  above  the  base,  tubular-bifid,  somewhat  scarious-margined.. 
Leaves  narrowly  elliptical  or  oblong,  very  obtuse,  small  (.3x1-1.2  cm.), 
sessile.  Spikes  often  clustered,  rather  long  (becoming  40  or  50  mm.  in 
fruit),  with  about  4  moderate  joints  clavately  8-  to  18-flowered  about  the 
middle  in  4+2  series :  peduncle  scarcely  3  mm.  long :  scales  evanescently 
searious-fimbriate.  Fruit  (immature)  rather  oblong,  smooth,  scarcely  3 
mm.  long:  sepals  closely  inflexd. — Plate  97. 

Cordilleran  region  of  Mexico. — The  type  from  Tehuacan. 

Specimens  examined: — MEXICO.  Tehuacan,  Puebla  (Liebmann,  16, 
3084, 1841,— the  type ;  Rose,  Painter  &  Rose,  9965} .  Teotitlan,  Oax.  (Con- 
zatti,2124). 

Phoradendron  Rondeletiae  n.  sp. 

Somewhat  pseudodichotomous,  the  rather  short  branches  with  basal 
cataphyls  only,  androgynous?.  Internodes  short  (2-4x10-30  mm.), 
smooth,  for  a  time  rather  ancipitally  flattened,  somewhat  dilated  below 
the  nodes.  Cataphyls  a  single  pair,  less  than  5  mm.  above  the  base,  an- 
nular. Leaves  elliptical-obovate,  1-2x3-4  cm.,  cuneately  petioled  for  about 
5  mm.  Spikes  solitary,  short  (10-15  mm.),  with  2  or  3  short  joints  some 
4-  to  10-fLowered  in  4  or  4+2  series :  peduncle  nearly  suppressed.  Fruit 
globose,  smooth,  4  mm.  in  diameter:  sepals  erect,  spreading. — Plate  98. 

Guatemalan  region  ( ?  exclusively)  on  Rondeletia. — The  type  from 
Coban. 

Specimens  examined: — GUATEMALA.  Coban,  Alta  Verapaz  (v.  Tuerck- 
heim,  ii,  2045,  Dec.  1907,— the  type).  Samac  (v.  Tuercklieim,  435). 


A  KQUATORIALES— EOBUSTI8SIM  A  K  77 

Phoradendroiv  vulcanicum  n.  sp. 

Somewhat  pseudodichotomous,  the  moderate  branches  with  basal  cata- 
phyls  only,  androgynous?.  Internodes  moderate,  (2-5x40-70  mm.), 
smooth,  somewhat  compressed  and  dilated  below  the  nodes  but  not  angu- 
lar. Cataphyls  a  single  nearly  basal  pair,  acute.  Leaves  broadly  ellip- 
tical to  ovate  or  obovate,  very  obtuse,  2.5-3x4-6.5  cm.,  rather  abruptly 
petioled  for  about  5  mm.  Spikes  mostly  clustered,  short  (10  mm.),  with 
2  or  3  short  joints  some  10-flowered  in  4-(-2  series:  peduncle  nearly  sup- 
pressed. Fruit?.— Plate  99. 

Guatemalan  region  ( ?  exclusively)  on  Leguminosae. — The  type  from 
Acatenango. 

Specimens  examined: — GUATEMALA.  Volcan  Acatenango,  Sacatepe- 
quez  (Kellerman,  4829,  Feb.  20,  1905,— the  type).  Volean  Fuego,  Saca- 
tepequez  (Kellerman,  4551} . 

Phoradendron  crispum  n.  sp. 

More  or  less  verticillate,  the  moderate  branches  with  basal  cataphyls 
only,  androgynous?.  Internodes  rather  short  (2-3x40  mm.),  smooth,  es- 
sentially terete.  Cataphyls  a  single  pair,  10-20  mm.  above  the  base,  short 
and  spreading.  Leaves  round-obovate,  much  crisped  in  drying,  very  ob- 
tuse, 1.5-2.5x3-5  cm.,  rather  abruptly  petioled  for  about  5  mm.  Spikes 
mostly  solitary,  short  (15  mm.),  with  2  or  3  short  rather  slender  joints 
some  16-  to  20-flowered  in  4+2  series:  peduncle  2  mm.  long.  Fruit?.— 
Plate  99. 

Isthmian  region  (  ?  exclusively)  on  Myrtaceae. — The  type  from  Costa 
Rica. 

Specimens  examined: — COSTA  RICA.  Locality?  (Pittier,  14117,  Dec. 
31,  1900, — the  type).  Volcan  de  Poas  (Pittier,  816). 

18.       ROBUSTISSIMAE. 

Leaves  rather  large  and  broad,  thick,  dull  and  obscurely  basinerved. 
Shoots  2-edged  or  terete.  Cataphyls  usually  a  single  pair,  on  the  basal 
joint  only.  Flowers  in  4,  4+2  or  6  series.  Fruit  nearly  round,  smooth, 
with  closed  sepals.  Mountain  regions  of  Mexico  and  Central  America. 

Internodes  for  a  time  strongly  2-edged :  leaves  ovate- 
lanceolate.  P-  Reichenbachianum. 
Internodes  not  2-edged. 

Leaves  elliptical.  P-  robustissimum. 

Leaves  lanceolate.  P-  falcifoUum. 


78  THE  GENUS  PHOKADENDRON 

PHORADENDRON  REICHENBACHIANUM  Oliver. 

Phoradendron  Reichenbachianum  Oliver,  Vidensk.  Meddel.  Naturhist. 

Foren.  Kjobenhavn.  1864.  p.  175. 
Viscum  Reichenbachianum  Seemann,  Bot.  Herald,  p.  296.  pi.  62.  1852-7. 

Scarcely  forked,  the  long  stout  branches  with  basal  cataphyls  only, 
dioecious.  Internodes  moderately  long  (5-10x50-100  mm.),  from  sharply 
ancipital  becoming  terete.  Cataphyls  a  single  pair,  5  mm.  above  the 
base,  not  tubular.  Leaves  ovate-lanceolate  or  elliptical-lanceolate,  ob- 
tuse, 3-4x8-10  cm.,  thick  and  dull,  rather  abruptly  petioled  for  10-15  mm. 
Spikes  mostly  clustered,  rafcher  long  (30-50  mm.),  smooth,  stout,  with 
about  6  globose  joints  some  8-  to  10-flowered  when  pistillate  and  12-  to 
30-flowered  in  4+2  series  when  staminate :  peduncle  3-5  mm.  long :  scales 
little  or  transiently  ciliate.  Fruit  (immature)  subglobose,  nearly  smooth, 
3  mm.  in  diameter:  sepals  closely  inflexed. — Plate  100. 

Western  Sierra  Madre  and  Cordilleran  regions  of  Mexico  ( ?  exclu- 
sively) on  Quercus. — The  type  from  western  Mexico. 

Specimens  examined: — MEXICO.  Sierra  Madre,  N.  W.  Mexico  (See- 
mann, 2141, — the  type  of  V.  ReichenbacManum).  Jalisco  (Diguet,  108). 
Tlalpuxahua,  near  Toluca  (Diguet).  Jordana,  near  Toluca  (Gregg,  722, 
1849).  Without  locality  (Graham,  233). 

PHORADENDRON  ROBUSTISSIMUM  Eichler. 

Phoradendron  robustissimum  Bichler  in  v.  Martius,  Fl.  Brasil.  vol.  5. 
pt.  2.  p.  122.  1868. 

Somewhat  pseudodichotomous,  microscopically  cellular-papillate 
throughout,  the  rather  long  branches  with  basal  cataphyls  only,  dioe- 
cious?. Internodes  moderate  (2-5x50-70  mm.),  transiently  somewhat 
rhombically  compressed  becoming  terete.  Cataphyls  a  single  pair,  nearly 
basal,  scarcely  tubular.  Leaves  elliptical  or  subovate,  obtuse  or  retuse, 
2.5-3.5x4.5-6.5  or  even  5x8  cm.,  abruptly  cunate-petioled  for  5  mm.  Spikes 
mostly  clustered,  rather  long  (30-50  mm.),  with  about  5  moderate  joints 
some  16-flowered  in  4  series  when  pistillate:  peduncle  3-5  mm.  long: 
scales  scarcely  ciliate.  Fruit  (immature)  elongated,  smooth,  3x5  mm. : 
sepals  closely  inflexed. — Plate  101. 

Isthmian  region. — The  type  from  Costa  Rica. 

Specimens  examined: — COSTA  RICA.  Ojos  de  Agua  (Hoffmann,  360, 
Dee.  1856,— the  type).  Nicoya  (Tonduz,  13705). 

Phoradendron  robustissimum  simulans  n.  var. 

Leaves  elongated-elliptical,  3-5x8-12  cm.,  obtuse,  with  a  heavy  apical 
mucro,  rather  gradually  cuneate  at  base.  Staminate  spikes  with  the 


AEQUATORIALES^-CORIACEAE  79 

joints  30-  to  50-flowered  in  44-2  series.  Approaching  the  next  species. — 
Plate  102. 

Guatemalan  and  Isthmian  regions. — The  type  from  San  Salvador. 

Specimens  examined: — GUATEMALA.  Masagua,  Escuintla  (Smith, 
2097}.  Dept.  Guatemala  (Kellerman,  5100).  Fiscal  (Deam,  6099). 
Without  locality  (Friedrichsfkal,  1841).  EL  SALVADOR.  San  Salvador 
(Itenson,  284,  1908, — the  type).  NICARAGUA.  Without  locality  (Roth- 
schuli,  464).  Matagalpa  (Preuss,  1372).  COSTA  RICA.  El  Rodeo  (Pit- 
tier,  1637) . 

Phoradendron  falcifolium  n.  sp. 

Scarcely  forked,  microscopically  cellular-papillate,  the  rather  long 
branches  with  basal  cataphyls  only,  dioecious?.  Internodes  moderate 
(3-4x50-70  mm.),  transiently  somewhat  compressed  and  dilated  below  the 
nodes  becoming  terete.  Cataphyls  a  single  pair,  nearly  basal,  scarcely 
tubular.  Leaves  broadly  lanceolate,  falcate,  obtuse,  2.5-4x10-14  cm.,  cu- 
neately  subpetioled  for  15-25  mm.  Spikes  clustered,  moderate  (30  mm.), 
with  about  6  moderate  subglobose  joints  20-  to  30-flowered  in  6  series: 
peduncle  scarcely  20  mm.  long:  scales  transiently  and  minutely  eiliate. 
Fruit?.— Plate  100. 

Guatemalan  region. — The  type  from  Baja  Vera  Paz. 

Specimens  examined: — GUATEMALA.  Sta.  Rosa,  Baja  Vera  Paz  (v. 
Tuerckheim,  ii,  2168,  Mar.  1908, — the  type). 

19.       COBIACEAE. 

Leaves  rather  small,  dull,  obscurely  basinerved.  Shoots  2-edged  or 
terete.  Cataphyls  1-3  or  4  pairs,  on  the  basal  joint  only.  Flowers  in 
4,  4+2,  or  6  series.  Fruit  round  or  ellipsoid,  smooth,  with  variously  in- 
flexed  or  parted  sepals.  South  America. 

Stems  not  very  nodose. 
Leaves  smooth. 

Lanceolate.  P.  congestum. 

Oblanceolate-obovate.  P.  caripense. 

Lance-elliptical  or  ovate.  P.  Herbert-Smithii. 

Narrowly  oblong.  P.  exiguum. 

Leaves  drying  rough-granular. 
Internodes  quickly  terete. 

Leaves  linear.  P.  stenophyllum. 

Leaves  rather  lanceolate.  P.  coriaceum. 

Internodes  2-edged.  P.  ulophyllum. 

Stems  much  swollen  at  the  nodes :  leaves  linear- 

oblanceolate.  P.  habrostacJiyum. 


80  THE  GENUS  PHORADENDRON 

Phoradendron  congestum  n.  nom. 

Plioradendron  rubrum  var.  longifolia  Eichler  in  v.  Martins,  Fl.  Brasil. 
vol.  5.  pt.  2.  p.  121.  1868. 

Not  forked,  the  moderate  rather  slender  branches  with  basal  cataphyls 
only,  dioecious?.  Internodes  rather  short  (2x25-40  mm.),  smooth,  rhom- 
bically  compressed  and  rather  persistently  2-edged.  Cataphyls  a  single 
pair,  nearly  basal,  scarcely  tubular.  Leaves  falcately  lanceolate,  very 
obtuse,  ]. 5-2x7-10  cm.,  rather  evidently  about  5-nerved,  cuneately  sub- 
petioled  for  about  5  mm.  Spikes  mostly  clustered,  typically  short  (10-15, 
but  becoming  30  or  40  mm.  in  some  cases),  with  about  3  slender  joints 
8-  to  30-flowered  in  4  series :  peduncle  5  mm.  long :  scales  nearly  truncate, 
little  ciliate.  Fruit  subglobose,  scarcely  3  mm.  in  diameter,  smooth :  sepals 
inflexed  but  scarcely  meeting. — Plates  103,  104. 

Brazilian  region. — The  type  from  Goyaz. 

Specimens  examined : — BRAZIL.  Goyaz  (Gardner,  3764,  1837-1841, — 
the  type  of  P.  rubrum  longifolium.  A  specimen  of  the  same  collection  in 
the  Berlin  herbarium  bears,  evidently  by  error,  the  number  3765). 

PHORADENDRON  CARIPENSE  Eichler. 

Phoradendron  caripense  Eichler  in  v.  Martius,  Fl.  Brasil.  vol.  5.  pt.  2. 
p.  111.  1868. 

More  or  less  pseudodichotomous,  the  moderate  branches  with  basal 
cataphyls  only,  dioecious?.  Internodes  moderate  (2-3x40-50  mm.), 
smooth,  for  a  time  2-edged.  Cataphyls  1  or  rarely  2  pairs,  toward  the 
base,  scarcely  tubular  or  scarious.  Leaves  obliquely  oblanceolate,  very 
obtuse,  2x3.5-6  cm.,  cuneately  subpetioled  for  about  5  mm.  Spikes  little 
clustered,  short  (scarcely  20  mm.),  with  about  3  slender  joints  about  30- 
flowered  in  6  series:  peduncle  short:  scales  scarcely  scarious  or  ciliate. 
Fruit?.— Plate  104. 

Brazilian  region. — The  type  from  Para. 

Specimens  examined: — BRAZIL.  Caripi,  near  Para  (Spruce,  140,  Aug. 
] 849,— the  type). 

Phoradendron  Herbert-Smith!!  n.  sp. 

Pseudodichotomous  or  verticillate,  the  long  branches  with  basal  cata- 
phyls only,  androgynous?.  Internodes  moderate  (2-3x40-70  mm.), 
smooth,  somewhat  compressed  but  soon  terete.  Cataphyls  1  or  rarely  2 
nearly  basal  pairs,  bluntly  spreading,  white-margined.  Leaves  elliptical- 
lanceolate,  very  obtuse  to  subemarginate,  2-2.5x3-6  or  even  4x9  cm.,  cu- 
neately narrowed  for  about  5  mm.  rather  than  petioled.  Spikes  almost 
solitary,  rather  long  (20,  becoming  40-60  mm.),  with  half  a  dozen  rather 


AEQUATORIALES^CORIACEAE  81 

elongated  slender  joints  some  10-flowered  when  pistillate  or  with  thrico 
this  number  of  flowers  in  4-(-2  series  when  staminate :  peduncle  scarcely 
2  mm.  long:  scales  and  receptacular  cups  somewhat  ciliate.  Fruit  ovoid, 
nearly  smooth,  3x4  mm. :  sepals  ascending,  slightly  parted. — Plate  105. 

Venezuelan-Isthmian  region. — The  type  from  Colombia. 

Specimens  examined : — COLOMBIA.  Sta.  Marta,  near  Bonda,  almost  at 
sea-level  (Herbert  H.  Smith,  1283, — the  type). 

Phoradendron  exiguum  n.  sp. 

More  or  less  pseudodichotomous  or  verticillate,  the  rather  long 
branches  with  basal  cataphyls  only,  androgynous?.  Internodes  moderate 
(2-3x20-40  mm.),  smooth,  soon  terete.  Cataphyls  a  single  nearly  basal 
pair,  tubular-bifid,  somewhat  white-margined.  Leaves  oblong  or  oblong- 
lanceolate,  very  obtuse,  .5-1x4-6  cm.,  cuneately  subpctioled  for  scarcely  3 
mm.  Spikes  mostly  solitary,  rather  long  (20-40  mm.),  with  3  or  4  very 
slender  joints  scarcely  14-flowered  in  4-J-2  series:  peduncle  2-3  mm.  long, 
sometimes  with  an  additional  pair  of  scales.  Fruit  (immature)  ellip- 
soidal, somewhat  wrinkled,  2x3  mm. :  sepals  somewhat  parted. — Plate 
106. 

Venezuelan-Isthmian  region. — The  type  from  Colombia. 

Specimens  examined: — COLOMBIA.  Sta.  Marta,  near  Bonda  (Smith, 
1281— the  type). 

Phoradendron  stenophyllum  n.  sp. 

Somewhat  pseudodichotomous,  the  moderate  slender  branches  with 
basal  cataphyls  only,  dioecious?.  Internodes  moderate  (2-3x15-60  mm.), 
nearly  or  quite  smooth,  from  very  slightly  compressed  quickly  terete. 
( 1ataphyls  a  basal  pair  often  followed  at  5  or  10  mm.  by  a  second  pair, 
spreading,  white-margined.  Leaves  narrowly  oblong  or  linear,  often  fal- 
cate or  somewhat  recurved,  acute  or  mucronate,  .3-.4x3-5  cm.,  sessile. 
Spikes  more  or  less  clustered,  moderate  (becoming  35-40  mm.),  with 
about  4  rather  slenderly  fusiform  joints  some  10-flowered  in  4+2  series 
when  pistillate:  peduncle  3-12  mm.  long,  sometimes  with  a  nearly  basal 
pair  of  scales:  scales  scarcely  scarious  or  ciliate.  Fruit  (immature)  sub- 
globose,  3  mm.  in  diameter,  smooth :  sepals  meeting. — Plate  106. 

Brazilian  region. — The  type  from  Bahia. 

Specimens  examined: — BRAZIL.  Machado  Portello,  Bahia  (Rose  & 
Russell,  19908,  June  1915, — the  type). 

PHORADENDRON  CORIACEUM  von  Martius. 

Phoradendron  coriaceum  von  Martius, — Eichler  in  v.  Martius,  Fl.  Brasil. 
vol.5,  pt.  2.  p.  121.^1868. 


82  THE  GENUS  PHOEADENDEON 

Somewhat  pseudodichotomous,  the  moderate  rather  slender  branches 
with  basal  cataphyls  only,  dioecious?.  Internodes  moderate  (2-3x30-70 
mm. ) ,  smooth,  from  very  slightly  compressed  quickly  terete.  Cataphyls 
a  single  pair  toward  the  base,  or  a  second  or  rarely  a  third  and  fourth 
pair  closely  following,  scarcely  tubular,  white-margined.  Leaves  lance- 
olate to  elliptical-oblanceolate,  very  obtuse,  1.5-2.5x5-7  cm.,  cuneately 
subpetioled  for  scarcely  5  mm.  Spikes  more  or  less  clustered,  rather 
short  (20,  lengthening  to  30  mm.),  with  3  or  4  somewhat  tumid  joints 
scarcely  10-flowered  in  4-f-2  series  when  pistillate :  peduncle  scarcely  2 
mm.  long,  followed  by  one  or  two  sterile  joints:  scales  scarious-margined, 
evanescently  ciliate.  Fruit  ovoid,  3x4  mm.,  smooth :  sepals  inflexed. — 
Plate  107. 

Brazilian  region. — The  type  from  Minas  Geraes. 

Specimens  examined : — BRAZIL.  Minas  Geraes  (v.  Martins, — the  type) . 
Piauhy  (Gardner ,  2625} .  Alagoas  (Gardner,  1319}. 

With  transiently  somewhat  2-edged  internodes  and  foliage  connecting 
the  type  with  P.  ulophyllum,  to  which  in  some  respects  it  rather  pertains, 
it  is  Phoradendrum  coriaceum  quintense   Urban,    Bot.   Jahrb.    vol.    23. 
Beibl.  57.  p.  13.  1897,  from  Quinta,  Rio  de  Janeiro  (Glaziou,  4010}.- 
Plate  107. 

PHORADENDRON  ULOPHYLLUM  Eichler. 

Phoradendron  ulophyllum  Eichler  in  v.  Martius,  Fl.  Brasil.  vol.  5.  pt.  2. 
p.  123.  1868. 

Somewhat  pseudodichotomous,  the  moderate  slender  branches  with 
basal  cataphyls  only,  dioecious?.  Internodes  rather  short  (2x30-50  mm.), 
smooth,  the  upper  rhombically  2-edged.  Cataphyls  a  single  pair  toward 
the  base,  or  one  or  two  additional  pairs  at  intervals  of  about  5  mm., 
scarcely  tubular,  white-margined.  Leaves  more  or  less  obovately  oblance- 
olate,  1.5-2x4-8  cm.,  cuneately  subpetioled  for  about  5  mm.  Spikes  little 
clustered,  rather  short  (20-25  or  30  mm.),  with  about  4  rather  tumid 
joints  some  14-flowered  in  4-f-2  series  when  pistillate :  peduncle  1-3  mm. 
long,  often  followed  by  a  sterile  joint :  scales  scarious-margined,  scarcely 
ciliate.  Fruit  elliptical,  3x4  mm.,  smooth :  sepals  inflexed. — Plate  108. 

Brazilian  region. — The  type  from  Rio  de  Janeiro. 

Specimens  examined : — BRAZIL.  Rio  de  Janeiro  ( Gaudichaud,  573, — 
the  type ;  and  in  the  Vienna  herbarium  as  473,  1833 ;  Glaziou,  4009,  7663, 
8730} . 

PHORADENDRON  HABROSTACHYUM  Eichler. 

Phoradendron  habrostachyum  Eichler  in  v.  Martius,  Fl.  Brasil.  vol.  5. 
pt.  2.  p.  111.    1868. 

Scarcely  forked,  the  moderate  rather  slender  branches  with  basal 
cataphyls  only,  dioecious,  or  monoecious  on  separate  shoots.  Internodes 


AEQUATORIALES— RIGIDAE  83 

short  (2-3x20-30  mm.),  smooth,  the  upper  ancipital  and  dilated  to  5  or 
6  mm.  below  the  nodes.  Cataphyls  2-4  pairs,  toward  the  base,  scarcely 
tubular.  Leaves  narrowly  oblanceolate,  very  obtuse,  scarcely  1x4  cm., 
scarcely  nerved,  cuneately  subpetioled  for  about  5  mm.  Spikes  more  or 
less  clustered,  moderate  (scarcely  25  mm.),  with  3-6  slender  joints  some- 
what turbinately  about  30-flowered  when  staminate  and  clavately  half  as 
many  flowered  in  6  series  when  pistillate :  peduncle  1-2  mm.  long :  scales 
scarcely  ciliate.  Fruit  said  to  be  pale  yellow,  globose,  smooth,  2.5-3  mm. 
in  diameter. — Plate  109. 

Brazilian  region. — The  type  from  Minas  Ueraes  (v.  Martins, — the 
type). 

Specimens  examined : — BRAZIL.  Minas  Geraes  (v.  Martins, — the  type). 

20.     RIGIDAE. 

Leaves  moderate,  thick,  dull,  scarcely  evidently  basinerved.  Shoots 
more  or  less  compressed  or  ancipital.  Cataphyls  mostly  2  or  3  pairs,  on 
the  basal  joint  only,  exceptionally  fertile.  Spikes  short,  with  small  scales. 
Flowers  in  2,  4  or  6  series.  Fruit  mostly  round,  smooth  and  with  nearly 
closed  sepals.  Venezuela. 

Leaves  round-ovate  (1:1.5).  P.  ovalifolium. 
Leaves  oblanceolate. 

Very  obtuse.  P.  longipetiolatum. 

Subacute.  P.  bUineatum. 

Leaves  elliptical-obovate  (1 :2). 

Subsessile.  P.  rigidum. 

Long-cuneate.  P.  Jenmani. 

PHORADENDRON  OVALIFOLIUM  (Urban). 

Plioradendrum  ovalifolium  Urban,  Bot.  Jahrb.  vol.  23.,  Beibl.  57.    p.  6. 
1897. 

More  or  less  pseudodichotomous,  the  rather  long  branches  with  basal 
cataphyls  only,  androgynous?.  Internodes  moderate  (1-3x15-60  mm.), 
smooth,  terete.  Cataphyls  a  nearly  basal  pair,  usually  with  a  second  pair 
5-10  mm.  higher,  bluntly  spreading,  white-margined.  Leaves  broadly 
ovate  to  obovate,  obtuse  or  subemarginate,  1.5-3x2.5-4  cm.,  rather  ab- 
ruptly petioled  for  5-10  mm.  Spikes  mostly  solitary,  short  ( 15,  lengthen- 
ing to  25  mm.),  with  about  3  joints  some  6-  to  10-flowered  in  4+2  series: 
peduncle  scarcely  2  mm.  long,  sometimes  followed  by  a  more  or  less  ster- 
ile joint:  scales  white-margined.  Fruit  subglobose,  nearly  smooth,  3-4 
mm.  in  diameter:  sepals  inflexed. — Plate  110. 

Venezuelan  region. — The  type  from  Venezuela. 

Specimens  examined. — VENEZUELA.  Tovar  (Fendler,  1108, — the 
type). 


84  THE  GENUS  PHORADENDRON 

PHOBADENDRON  LONGIPETIOLATUM  (Urban). 

Phoradendrum  longipetiolatum  Urban,  Bot.  Jahrb.  vol.  23.  Beibl.  57.  p. 
6.    1897. 

Scarcely  forked,  the  elongated  branches  with  basal  cataphyls  only, 
androgynous.  Internodes  rather  long  (2-5x50-70  mm.),  smooth,  the  up- 
per compressed  rather  than  ancipital.  Cataphyls  usually  a  nearly  basal 
pair  followed  by  a  second  some  5  mm.  higher,  tubular-bifid,  white-mar- 
gined, exceptionally  floriferous  like  the  spike-scales.  Leaves  falcately 
narrowly  lanceolate  to  oblanceolate,  somewhat  mucronately  very  obtuse, 
1.5-3x5-10  cm.,  cuneately  attenuate  at  base  for  10-20  mm.  Spikes  often 
clustered,  short  (15-20  mm.),  with  about  3  short  joints  some  20-flowered 
in  6  series:  peduncle  3  mm.  long:  scales  evanescently  ciliate.  Fruit  (im- 
mature) subglobose,  smooth. — Plate  111. 

Venezuelan  region. — The  type  from  Venezuela. 

Specimens  examined: — VENEZUELA.  Tovar  (Fendler,  1762, — the 
type). 

PHORADENDRON  BILINEATUM  (Urban). 

Phoradendrum  bUineatum  Urban,  Bot.  Jahrb.  vol.  23.    Beibl.  57.  p.  5. 
1897. 

More  or  less  pseudodichotomous,  the  elongated  branches  with  basal 
cataphyls  only,  androgynous?.  Internodes  rather  long  (2-4x50-60  mm.), 
smooth,  the  upper  somewhat  ancipital,  with  2  rather  persistent  keels. 
Cataphyls  a  single  nearly  basal  pair,  scarcely  tubular,  sometimes  sub- 
tending spikes.  Leaves  falcately  lanceolate,  subacute  and  often  mucro- 
nate,  2-3.5x9-11  cm.,  cuneately  petioled  for  10-15  mm.  Spikes  mostly  sol- 
itary, moderate  (30  mm.),  .with  about  3  joints  some  20-flowered  in  4+2 
series :  peduncle  3  mm.  long :  scales  scarcely  ciliate.  Fruit  subglobose,  3 
mm.  in  diameter,  nearly  smooth :  sepals  suberect. — Plate  112. 

Venezuelan  region. — The  type  from  Venezuela. 

Specimens  examined: — VENEZUELA.  Tovar  (Fendler,  1811, — the 
type). 

PHORADENDRON  RIGIDUM  (Urban). 
Phoradendrum  rigidum  Urban,  Bot.  Jahrb.  vol.  23.  Beibl.  57.  p.  7.   1897. 

Scarcely  forked,  the  elongated  branches  with  basal  cataphyls  only, 
androgynous.  Internodes  rather  long  (3-5x40-70  mm.),  smooth,  the  up- 
per ancipital  and  dilated  below  the  nodes.  Cataphyls  usually  2,  or  some- 
times 3  or  4  pairs,  the  lowermost  shortly  above  the  base,  the  others  at 
increasing  intervals  of  10-30  mm.,  tubular-bifid,  white-margined,  some- 
times fertile.  Leaves  elliptical-obovate,  submucronately  very  obtuse. 
3x6-8  cm.,  cuneately  contracted  for  about  5  mm.  rather  than  petioled, 


AEQUATORIALES— POLYGYNAE  85 

very  obscurely  subpinnately  nerved.  Spikes  solitary,  short  (20  mm.), 
with  2  or  3  somewhat  fusiform  joints  some  10-flowered  when  pistillate  as 
the  upper  are,  and  twice  as  numerous  when  staminate,  as  are  the  lower, 
in  44-2  or  6  series:  peduncle  scarcely  2  mm.  long.  Fruit  (immature) 
subglobose,  nearly  smooth,  3  mm.  in  diameter:  sepals  closely  inflexed. — 
Plate  113. 

Venezuelan  region. — The  type  from  Venezuela. 

Specimens  examined: — VENEZUELA.  Tovar  (Fendler,  1105, — the 
type). 

Phoradendron  Jenmani  n.  sp. 

More  or  less  pseudodichotomous,  the  rather  long  branches  with  cata- 
phyls  on  all  joints,  androgynous?.  Internodes  moderate  (2-3x30-80  mm.), 
smooth,  nearly  terete.  Cataphyls  a  more  or  less  closely  basal  pair  fol- 
lowed at  10-20  mm.  by  another,  a  third  pair  sometimes  intervening,  tubu- 
lar-bifid. Leaves  elliptical-obovate,  very  obtuse,  3-4x4-7  cm.,  cuneately 
subpetioled  for  about  10  mm.  Spikes  more  or  less  clustered,  moderate 
(20-30  mm.),  with  about  3  short  slender  joints  about  4-flowered  in  2  ser- 
ies: peduncle  3  mm.  long,  usually  with  a  basal  pair  of  scales.  Fruit 
ovoid,  nearly  smooth,  4x6  mm. :  sepals  somewhat  parted. — Plate  114. 

Cayenne  region. — The  type  from  Demerara. 

Specimens  examined: — BRITISH  GUIANA.  Bartica  (Jenman,  2541, 
-i 678— the  type). 

21.    POLYGYNAE. 

Leaves  moderately  large  and  broad,  thick,  basinerved.  Shoots  an- 
cipital  or  4-sided  but  not  winged.  Cataphyls  a  single  pair,  on  the  basal 
joint  only.  Spikes  long,  with  large  scale-cups.  Flowers  in  4-[-2  or  6 
series.  Fruit  round,  smooth,  with  closed  sepals.  Andes. 

Leaves  dull,  without  evident  nerves.  P.  poly  gy  num. 

Leaves  somewhat  glossy,  distinctly  3-nerved.  P.  Briquetianum. 

PHORADENDRON  POLYGYNUM  Eichler. 

Phoradendron  polygynum  Eichler  in  v.  Martius,  Fl.  Brasil.  vol.  5.  pt.  2. 

p.  124.  1868. 
Spiciviscum  polygynum  Karsten,  Fl.  Columb.  vol.  1.  fasc.  2.  p.  73.  pi.  36. 

1859. — Schnitzlein,  Iconographie.  pi.  108. 

Scarcely  forked,  the  long  branches  with  basal  cataphyls  only,  andro- 
gynous. Internodes  rather  long  (2-5x30-100  mm.),  smooth,  the  upper 
rhombically  ancipital  or  4-sided,  somewhat  dilated  below  the  nodes.  Cata- 
phyls a  single  pair,  somewhat  above  the  base,  tubular.  Leaves  elliptical- 
obovate  to  lanceolate,  very  obtuse,  3-5x6-12  cm.,  cuneately  subsessile,  dull 
and  very  obscurely  subpinnately  nerved.  Spikes  more  or  less  clustered. 


86  THE  GENUS  PHOBADENDBON 

very  long  (120-160  mm.),  with  about  8  stout  oblong  joints  some  60-  to 
80-flowered  in  4+2  or  6  series,  those  from  the  upper  nodes  pistillate,  and 
those  from  the  lowermost  staminate:  peduncle  5  mm.  long:  scales  toward 
the  base  forming  deep  funnel-shaped  tubes.  Fruit  (immature)  subglo- 
bose,  nearly  smooth,  3  mm.  in  diameter:  sepals  closely  inflexed. — Plates 
115-116. 

Venezuelan  region. — The  type  from  Venezuela. 

Specimens  examined: — VENEZUELA.  Tovar  (Fendler,  1104).  The 
type,  superbly  pictured  by  its  author,  came  from  Lake  Tacarigua,  Cara- 
cas (Karsten). 

PHORADENDRON  BRIQUETIANUM  Trelease. 

Plwradendron  Briquetianum  Trelease,  Annuaire  du  Conserv.  Jard.  Bot., 
Geneve,  vol.  15-16.  p.  351.  1913. 

Scarcely  forked,  the  rather  long  branches  with  basal  cataphyls  only, 
androgynous?.  Internodes  moderate  (2-3x30-60  mm.),  smooth,  the  up- 
per ancipital  and  somewhat  dilated  below  the  nodes.  Cataphyls  a  single 
pair,  about  8  mm.  above  the  base,  tubular.  Leaves  narrowly  elliptical- 
oblong  to  broadly  obovate,  mucronately  subacute  to  very  obtuse  or  emar- 
ginate,  1  or  1.5-3x5-6  cm.,  cuneately  subpetioled  for  10  mm.,  rather  evi- 
dently about  3-nerved,  drying  glossy.  Spikes  mostly  solitary,  long  (fully 
50  mm.),  with  some  3  oblong  joints  about  80-flowcred  in  6  series:  pedun- 
cle 5-8  mm.  long:  scales  not  very  long.  Fruit?. — Plate  117. 

Andean  region. — The  type  from  Colombia. 

Specimens  examined: — COLOMBIA.  Bogota  (Linden,  796,  Dec.  1842, 
— the  type ;  Holton,  658) . 

22.     OBLIQUAE. 

Leaves  large,  dimidiately  elliptical  or  lanceolate,  fleshy,  basinerved. 
Shoots  nearly  terete.  Flowers  in  4+2  or  6  series.  Fruit  round,  smooth, 
with  closed  sepals.  Andes. 

Leaves  very  large  and  thick.  P.  obliquum. 

PHORADENDRON  OBLIQUUM  Eichler. 

Plwradendron  obliquum  Eichler  in  v.  Martius,  Fl.  Brasil.  vol.  5.  pt.  2. 

p.  134  m.  1868. 

Phoradendrum  obliquum  Urban,  Bot.  Jahrb.  vol.  23.  Beibl.  57.  p.  2.  1897. 
Viscum  obliquum  Presl,  Epimel.  Bot.  p.  255.   1849. 

Large,  brittle,  with  basal  cataphyls  only?,  androgynous?.  Internodes 
thick  and  long  (5x100  mm.  or  more),  transversely  rugulose,  nearly  terete, 
somewhat  enlarged  at  the  nodes.  Cataphyls  a  nearly  basal  pair  some- 
times closely  followed  by  another,  and  usually  with  a  pair  some  20-30 


AEQUATORIALES— DIMIDIATAE  87 

mm.  higher,  tubular.  Leaves  falcately  or  dimidiately  lanceolate,  very 
obtuse,  4-8x10-23  cm.,  cuneately  thick-petioled  for  10-20  mm.  Spikes 
rr.ther  long  (50-60  mm.),  with  half  a  dozen  short  swollen  joints  some  24- 
to  40-flowered  in  4+2  or  6  series:  peduncle  stout,  scarcely  5  mm.  long, 
with  about  3  pairs  of  scales.  Fruit  (immature)  subglobose,  smooth,  3 
mm.  in  diameter:  sepals  closely  innexed. — Plate  117. 

Andean  region. — The  type  from  Peru. 

Specimens  examined : — PERU.  Huannoca  Mts.  (Haenke, — the  type  of 
V.  obliquwn  in  the  Bohemian  Museum  at  Prag  and,  without  data,  in  the 
herbarium  of  the  German  University  at  Prag).  ECUADOR.  Niebly  (So- 
diro,  a,  July  1873).  Sto.  Domingo  to  S.  Nicolas  (Sodiro,  148/16,  Sept. 
1892). 

23.     DIMIDIATAE. 

Leaves  rather  large,  dimidiately  lance-elliptical,  diying  rather  thin 
and  basi nerved.  Shoots  subterete  to  ancipital.  Cataphyls  1  or  frequently 
2  or  3  pairs,  on  the  basal  joint  only.  Flowers  in  4+2  or  6  series.  Fruit 
round,  cellular-papillate,  with  closed  sepals.  Eastern  South  America. 

Shoots  nearly  terete. 

Spikes  moderate  (50-70  mm.).  P.  dimidiatum. 

Spikes  very  long  (finally  100  mm.  or  more).  P.  Perrotietii. 

Shoots  2-edged.  P.  bathyoryctum. 

PHORADENDRON  DIMIDIATUM  Eichler. 

Phoradendron  dimidiatum  Eichler  in  v.  Martius,  Fl.  Brasil.  vol.  5.  pt.  2. 

p.  134  m.  1868. 
Phoradendrum  dimidiatum  Urban,  Bot.  Jahrb.  vol.  23.  Beibl.  57.  p.  9. 

1897. 
Viscum  dimidiatum  Miquel,  Linnaea.  vol.  18.  p.  58.   1844. 

Scarcely  forked,  the  rather  long  branches  with  basal  cataphyls  only, 
androgynous.  Internodes  moderate  (2-3x30-50  mm.),  smooth,  slightly 
compressed.  Cataphyls  a  pair  somewhat  above  the  base,  sometimes  fol- 
lowed by  a  second  some  10  mm.  higher.  Leaves  more  or  less  obliquely 
or  even  dimidiately  elliptical  or  sublanceolate,  very  obtuse,  2.5-3.5x6.5-10 
cm.,  cuneately  wing-petioled  for  10  mm.  Spikes  solitary,  rather  long 
(50-70  mm.),  with  half  a  dozen  fusiform  joints  some  18-  to  24-  or  fully 
50-flowered  in  4+2  or  6  series:  peduncle  3-5  mm.  long.  Fruit f. — 
Plate  118. 

Cayenne  region  (  ?  exclusively)  on  Citrus. — The  type  from  Surinam. 

Specimens  examined: — SURINAM.  Orellana  Creek  (Focke,  716, — the 
type  of  V.  dimidiatum) . 


88  THE  GENUS  PHORADENDRON 

PHORADENDRON  PERROTTETII  Eichler. 

Phoradendron  Perrottetii  Eichler  in  v.  Martius,  Fl.  Brasil.  vol.  5.  pt.  2. 

p.  112.  1868. 
Viscum  Perrottetii  de  Candolle,  Prodromus.  vol.  4.  p.  280.   1830. 

Not  forked,  the  rather  long  branches  with  basal  cataphyls  only,  andro- 
gynous?. Internodes  moderate  (2-3x30-90  mm.),  nearly  smooth,  little 
compressed  and  soon  terete.  Cataphyls  a  single  pair  some  5  mm.  above 
the  base  or  occasionally  2  or  3  pairs  at  short  intervals,  blunt  and  spread- 
ing. Leaves  falcately  or  dimidiately  elliptical  or  lance-elliptical,  very 
obtuse,  3-4x9-12  cm.,  cuneately  subpetioled  for  5-10  mm.  Spikes  more  or 
less  clustered,  long  (30-50,  becoming  100-130  mm.),  with  about  5  moder- 
ately thickened  oblong  joints  some  18-  to  30-  or  40-flowered  in  4+2  or  6 
series:  peduncle  scarcely  5  mm.  long,  usually  followed  by  a  nearly  or 
quite  sterile  joint.  Fruit  said  to  be  whitish,  subglobose,  minutely  cellu- 
lar-papillate, 3-4  mm.  in  diameter:  sepals  closely  inflexed. — Plate  119. 

Cayenne  region. — The  type  from  Cayenne. 

Specimens  examined: — FRENCH  GUIANA  (Perrottet,  228,  1820, — the 
type  of  V.  Perrottetii;  Sagot,  1291;  Gabriel,  1802;  Martin;  Leprieur,  97, 
194,  195,  1835,  1839).  BRITISH  GUIANA  (Jenman,  2247,  ?2542,  3795, 
4821}. 

Though  the  binomial  of  this  species  under  Phoradendron  must  be  as- 
cribed to  Eiehler,  the  Brazilian  material  referred  here  by  him  is  rather 
of  P.  bathyoryctum,  neither  species  appearing  to  cross  the  Amazon  valley. 

PHORADENDRON  BATHYORYCTUM  Eichler. 

Phoradendron  bathyoryctum  Eichler  in  v.  Martius,  Fl.  Brasil.  vol.  5.  pt. 
2.  p.  123.  pi.  43.  1868. 

More  or  less  pseudodichotomous,  the  rather  long  branches  with  basal 
cataphyls  only,  androgynous?.  Internodes  rather  long  (2-5x60-100  mm.), 
cellular-papillate,  the  upper  more  or  less  rhombically  ancipital  and  en- 
larged at  the  nodes.  Cataphyls  a  single  nearly  basal  pair,  spreading. 
Leaves  more  or1  less  obliquely  elliptical  to  oblong,  very  obtuse,  2x6  to 
mostly  4-7x10-15  cm.,  cuneately  subpetioled  for  5-10  mm.  Spikes  more 
or  less  clustered,  long  (becoming  80-90  mm.),  with  about  4  thick  oblong 
joints  turbinately  some  30-flowered  in  4  or  4-J-2  or  exceptionally  6  series : 
peduncle  5  mm.  long,  sometimes  with  a  pair  of  basal  scales.  Fruit  sub- 
globose,  minutely  cellular-papillate,  3-4  mm.  in  diameter:  sepals  closely 
inflexed.— Plate  120. 

Brazilian  region,  on  Ficus,  Odena,  etc. — The  type  from  Piauhy. 

Specimens  examined: — BRAZIL.  Piauhy  (Gardner,  2626, — taken  as 
type,  2618,  2621 ;  3763 — the  type  of  P.  Perrottetii  var.  parvifolia  Eichler, 
i.  c.  p.  113,  1868).  Ceara  (Gardner,  1680).  [Goyaz?]  (Gardner,  3762, 


AEQUATORIALES— NITENTES  89 

3765).~Bahia  (Blancliet).  Rio  Negro  (v.  Martins).  Lagoa  Santa  (Warm- 
ing, 15,  369}.  Porto  Alegre  (Czermak  &  Reineck,  199, — with  2-3  pairs 
of  cataphyls).  Without  locality  (Lund,  21;  Riedl).  BOLIVIA.  Sta.  Cruz 
(Kuntze,  1).  Mattogrosso  (Kuntze,  3,  36).  E.  Velasco  (Kuntze,  4). 

24.    NITENTES. 

Leaves  moderate,  elliptical  to  narrowly  lanceolate,  drying  glossy  and 
bronzed  or  golden,  basinerved.  Shoots  compressed  for  a  time.  Cataphyls 
1-4  pairs,  on  the  basal  joint  only.  Flowers  in  4-f- 2  series.  Fruit  globose, 
with  inflexed  sepals.  South  America. 

Cataphyls  not  subtending  spikes. 
Leaves  lance-elliptical. 

Rather  large.  P.  pellucidulum. 

Rather  small.  P.  holoxanthum. 

Leaves  narrowly  lanceolate. 

Spike-joints  sometimes  20-flowered.  P.  nitidum. 

Spike-joints  scarcely  6-flowered.  P.  Selloi. 

Upper  cataphyls  subtending  flower-spikes.  P.  craspedophyllum. 

PHORADENDRON  PELLUCIDULUM  Eichler. 

Phoradendron  pellucidulum  Eichler  in  v.  Martius,  Fl.  Brasil.  vol.  5.  pt.  2. 
p.  112.    1868. 

Scarcely  forked,  the  rather  long  branches  with  basal  cataphyls  only, 
androgynous?.  Internodes  rather  short  (2-5x20-40  mm.),  dilated  below 
the  nodes.  Cataphyls  a  basal  pair,  sometimes  rather  closely  followed  by 
a  second  or  third  pair,  annular.  Leaves  obliquely  elliptical  to  lance- 
oblong,  very  obtuse,  2.5-3.5x7-9  cm.,  cuneately  petioled  for  about  5  mm. 
Spikes  more  or  less  clustered,  short  (20  mm.),  with  about  3  slightly  fusi- 
form slender  joints  some  8-  to  18-flowered  in  4+2  series:  peduncle  very 
short,  usually  with  a  basal  pair  of  scales.  Fruit  reddish,  ellipsoidal, 
cellular-papillate :  sepals  closely  inflexed. — Plate  121. 

Brazilian  region. — The  type  from  Rio  Negro. 

Specimens  examined: — BRAZIL.  San  Carlos,  Rio  Negro  (Spruce,  3480, 
—the  type). 

PHORADENDRON  HOLOXANTHUM  Eichler. 

Phoradendron  holoxanthum  Eichler  in  v.  Martius,  Fl.  Brasil.  vol.  5.  pt  2 
p.  116.   1868. 

Somewhat  pseudodichotomous  or  fasciculate,  the  moderate  branches 
with  basal  cataphyls  only,  androgynous?.  Internodes  rather  short  (2-3x 
40-60  mm.),  somewhat  cellular-papillate,  the  upper  rather  sharply  an- 
cipital.  Cataphyls  a  single  pair  towards  the  base  or  these  followed  by  a 


90  THE  GENUS  PHOBADENDEON 

second  pair,  scarcely  tubular.  Leaves  elliptical,  obtuse  or  emarginate, 
2-2.5x5-6  cm.,  narrowly  revolute,  cuneately  subpetioled  for  about  5  mm. 
Spikes  often  clustered,  moderate  (15,  lengthening  in  fruit  to  40  mm.), 
with  3  or  4  slender  joints  scarcely  10-flowered  in  4-f-2  series :  peduncle 
scarcely  3  mm.  long,  sometimes  with  a  second  basal  pair  of  scarcely  ciliate 
scales.  Fruit  red,  globose,  4  mm.  in  diameter,  cellular-papillate  and 
obscurely  somewhat  low-granular :  sepals  closely  inflexed. — Plate  122. 

Brazilian  region. — The  type  from  Brazil. 

Specimens  examined: — BRAZIL.  Without  locality  (Sello,  5847), — the 
type). 

Phoradendron  holoxanthum  corallispicum  n.  var. 

Leaves  narrow  and  more  lanceolate,  rather  acute,  1-1.5x5x7  cm.  Spikes 
diaphanous,  red. — Plate  122. 

Brazilian  region. — The  type  from  Rio  de  Janeiro. 

Specimens  examined : — BRAZIL.  Rio  de  Janeiro  ( Glaziou,  8729, — the 
type). 

PHORADENDRON  NITIDUM  Eichler. 

Phoradendron  nitidum  Eichler  in  v.  Martins,  Fl.  Brasil.  vol.  5.  pt.  2. 

p  113.  1868. 

Viscum  nitidum  Gardner,  Hooker's  London  Journ.  Bot.  vol.  4.  p.  105. 
1845. 

More  or  less  pseudodichotomous,  the  moderate  branches  with  basal 
cataphyls only,  androgynous?.  Internodes  rather  short  (2-3x20-50  mm.), 
smooth  and  glossy,  the  upper  somewhat  compressed.  Cataphyls  a  single 
nearly  basal  bifid  pair  or  2-4  pairs  at  short  intervals.  Leaves  linear- 
lanceolate  to  spatulate-oblong,  obtuse,  1-2x8-10  cm.,  slightly  revolute, 
gradually  subpetioled.  Spikes  mostly  solitary,  rather  short  (20  mm.), 
with  about  4  slender  joints  some  10-  to  20-flowered  in  4+2  series :  pedun- 
cle 3  mm.  long,  sometimes  with  1  or  2  large  pairs  of  slightly  ciliolate 
scales.  Fruit  (immature)  subglobose,  3  mm.  in  diameter,  smooth:  sepals 
closely  inflexed.— Plate  123. 

Brazilian  region. — The  type  from  the  Organ  Mountains. 

Specimens  examined: — BRAZIL.  Organ  Mts.  at  4000  ft.  (Gardner, 
436, — the  type  of  V.  nitidum).  Minas  Geraes  (Lindberg,  253a).  From 
its  18-flowered  spike-joints,  may  also  be  referred  here  a  specimen  from 
Rio  de  Janeiro  (Glaziou,  4013)  otherwise  very  suggestive  of  P.  Selloi. 

PHORADENDRON  SELLOI  Eichler. 

Phoradendron  Selloi  Eichler  in  v.  Martius,  Fl.  Brasil.  vol.  5.  pt.  2.  p.  116. 
1868. 

Somewhat  pseudodichotomous,  or  cymosely  forked,  the  moderate  slen- 
der branches  with  basal  cataphyls  only,  androgynous  1  Internodes  mod- 


AEQUATORIALES— LONGIBACCAE  91 

erate  (1-2x20-50  mm.),  cellular-papillate,  the  upper  ancipital  for  a  time. 
Cataphyls  a  single  basal  pair  or  2  or  3  pairs  at  intervals  of  5-10  mm., 
scarcely  tubular.  Leaves  narrowly  lanceolate,  obtuse,  scarcely  1x7  cm., 
narrowly  revolute,  gradually  narrowed  to  the  base.  Spikes  sometimes 
truly  terminal,  mostly  solitary,  moderate  (15,  lengthening  to  20  or  30 
mm.),  with  3  or  4  slender  joints  about  6-flowered  in  4-f-2  series:  peduncle 
scarcely  3  mm.  long,  sometimes  with  a  second  sterile  joint:  scales  very 
obtuse.  Fruit  3  mm.  in  diameter,  cellular-papillate:  sepals  closely  in- 
flexed.— Plate  123. 

Brazilian  region. — The  type  from  S.  Paulo. 

Specimens  examined : — BRAZIL.  [S.Paulo]   (Sello,  122, — the  type). 

PHORADENDRON  CRASPEDOPHYLLUM  Eichler. 

Phoradendron  craspedophyllum  Eichler  in  v.  Martius,  Fl.  Brasil.  vol.  5. 
pt.  2.  p.  124.  pi.  37.  1868. 

Somewhat  pseudodichotomous  and  fasciculate,  the  moderate  branches 
with  basal  cataphyls  only,  androgynous.  Internodes  rather  short  (2-3x 
20-40  mm. ) ,  cellular-papillate,  the  upper  somewhat  ancipital.  Cataphyls 
a  single  nearly  basal  sterile  pair,  and  another  pair,  fertile  as  in  P.  crassi- 
folium  etc.,  about  the  middle  of  the  joint,  scarcely  tubular.  Leaves  ellip- 
tical to  ovate  or  broadly  lanceolate,  mucronate,  acute  to  obtuse,  2.5-3x 
4.5-6  cm.,  narrowly  revolute,  rather  abruptly  contracted  for  5  mm.  at 
base.  Spikes  often  clustered,  rather  short  (10-15  mm.),  with  about  5 
slender  joints  some  6-flowered  in  4-|-2  series :  peduncle  1  mm.  long :  scales 
pointed,  somewhat  eiliate.  Fruit  globose,  3  mm.  in  diameter,  smooth : 
sepals  closely  inflexed. — Plate  124. 

Brazilian  region. — The  type  from  S.  Paulo. 

Specimens  examined : — BRAZIL.  S.  Paulo  (Sello,  155, 1836, — the  type ; 
Burchell,  4559). 

25.    LONGIBACCAE. 

Leaves  moderate,  broad  or  short,  basinerved.  Shoots  compressed  or 
mostly  for  a  time  2-edged.  Cataphyls  a  single  pair,  on  the  basal  joint 
only.  Flowers  in  4  or  4+2  series.  Fruit  elongated,  with  erect  parted 
sepals.  South  America. 

Leaves  obovate-elliptical. 

Abruptly  subpetioled,  rather  thick.  P.  craspedophylloides. 

Very  cuneate,  thin.  P.  obtusissimum. 

Leaves  cleaver-shaped  to  subelliptical.  P.  acinacifolium. 

Leaves  oblanceolate,  small.  P.  reductum. 


92  THE  GENUS  PHORADENDRON 

Phoradendron  craspedophylloides  n.  sp. 

More  or  less  pseudodichotomous  or  fasciculately  branched,  with  basal 
cataphyls  only,  androgynous?.  Internodes  moderate  (2-3x30-50  mm.), 
slightly  cellular-papillate,  the  upper  somewhat  compressed.  Cataphyls 
solitary,  basal,  scarcely  tubular.  Leaves  elliptical,  very  obtuse  or  some- 
what emarginate,  2-3.5x4.5-6  cm.,  slightly  revolute,  rather  abruptly  con- 
tracted into  a  broad  subpetiolar  base  for  some  10  mm.,  rather  thick,  dry- 
ing glossy  and  golden.  Spikes  clustered,  short  (10-15  mm.),  with  about 
3  slender  joints  some  6-flowered  in  4+2  series:  peduncle  1  mm.  long, 
usually  followed  by  a  longer  sterile  joint :  scales  very  blunt,  ciliate.  Fruit 
ellipsoidal-oblong,  about  4x8  mm.,  smooth :  sepals  erect. — Plate  124. 

Brazilian  region. — The  type  from  Bahia. 

Specimens  examined: — BRAZIL.  Vittoria,  Bahia  (Sello, — the  type). 
Piauhy  (Gardner,  2622).  " Brasilia  tropica "  (Sello,  234).  Without  data 
(Herb.  Link.). 

PHORADENDRON  OBTUSISSIMUM  Eichler. 

Plioradendron  obtusissimum  Eichler  in  v.  Martius,  Fl.  Brasil.  vol.  5.  pt.  2. 

p.  134  m.  1868. 

Viscum  obtusissimum,  Miquel,  Linnaea.  vol.  18.  p.  602.   1844. 
Phoradendrum  obtusissimum  Urban,  Bot.  Jahrb.  vol.  23.  Beibl.  57.  p.  9. 

1897. 

Somewhat  pseudodichotomous,  the  long  branches  with  basal  cataphyls 
only,  androgynous?.  Internodes  moderate  (2-3x40-60  mm.),  nearly 
smooth,  the  upper  somewhat  rhombically  compressed.  Cataphyls  a  single 
pair,  basal,  scarcely  tubular.  Leaves  obovate,  very  obtuse  or  emarginate, 
3-4x5  cm.,  cuneately  narrowed  for  10-15  mm.  Spikes  clustered,  short  (10 
mm.),  with  2  or  3  slender  joints  about  6-flowered  in  4  or  4+2  series: 
peduncle  2  mm.  long :  scales  ciliate.  Fruit  white,  fusiform,  3-4x8-10  mm., 
smooth :  sepals  erect. — Plate  125. 

Cayenne  region. — The  type  from  Surinam. 

Specimens  examined : — SURINAM.  Para  Superiore  (Focke,  1019, — the 
type  of  V.  obtusissimum).  BRITISH  GUIANA  (Jenman,  2539,  4678). 

PHORADENDRON  ACINACIFOLIUM  von  Martius. 

Phoradendron  acinaci folium  von  Martius. — Eichler  in  von  Martius,  Fl. 
Brasil.  vol.  5.  pt.  2.  p.  117.  pi.  37.  1868. 

More  or  less  pseudodichotomous,  the  rather  long  slender  branches 
with  basal  cataphyls  only,  androgynous.  Internodes  rather  short  (l-2x 
20-40  mm.),  somewhat  cellular-papillate,  the  upper  somewhat  compressed 
and  dilated  upwards.  Cataphyls  a  single  pair,  nearly  basal,  scarcely 
tubular,  ciliolate.  Leaves  rather  falcately  oblanceolate  to  obovate-ellip- 


AEQUATOEIALES— VERNICOSAE  93 

tical,  very  obtuse,  1.5-3x4-6  cm.,  cuneately  slender-subpetioled  for  5-10 
mm.  Spikes  often  clustered,  short  (10-15  mm.),  with  about  3  slender 
joints  some  6-flowered  in  4-f-2  series:  peduncle  1  mm.  long,  sometimes 
followed  by  a  longer  sterile  joint :  scales  blunt,  ciliate.  Fruit  ellipsoidal, 
equally  tapered  at  both  ends,  3-4x6  or  even  8-10  mm.,  smooth:  sepals 
erect  or  spreading. — Plates  126,  127. 

Brazilian  region  ( ?  exclusively)  on  Lauraceae  and  Compositae. — The 
type  from  Rio  de  Janeiro. 

Specimens  examined: — BRAZIL.  Bahia  (v.  Martins).  Rio  de  Janeiro 
(Gaudichaud,  574, — taken  as  type;  Sello,  511,  597;  Mikan;  Glaziou, 
6073).  Falls  of  Madeira  (Rusby,  1542).  PARAGUAY.  Pilcomayo  River 
( Hassler,  191 ;  Morong,  1546) .  ' '  Central  Paraguay ' '  ( Morong,  358) . 

Phoradendron  reductum  n.  sp. 

More  or  less  pseudodichotomous,  the  slender  branches  with  basal  cata- 
phyls  only,  androgynous?.  Internodes  short  and  slender  (1-2x20-25 
mm.),  somewhat  cellular-papillate,  the  upper  slightly  compressed  and 
dilated.  Cataphyls  a  single  nearly  basal  pair,  exceptionally  followed  by 
a  second,  scarcely  tubular.  Leaves  oblanceolate  or  subelliptical,  very  ob- 
tuse, 1x3  cm.,  cuneately  subpetioled  for  about  3  mm.  Spikes  short 
(scarcely  20  mm.  in  fruit),  with  about  3  slender  joints  subverticillately 
about  6-flowered  toward  the  top :  peduncle  nearly  suppressed,  sometimes 
followed  by  1  or  2  sterile  joints.  Fruit  ellipsoidal  or  ovoid,  smooth,  3x5 
mm. :  sepals  erect. — Plate  127. 

Brazilian  region. — The  type  from  Paraguay. 

Specimens  examined: — PARAGUAY,  "South  Paraguay"  (Kuntze,  15, 
Sept.  1892,— the  type). 

26,    VERNICOSAE. 

Leaves  moderate,  lanceolate  to  obovate,  rather  thin  and  evidently 
basinerved.  Shoots  compressed  rather  than  ancipital.  Cataphyls  a  single 
pair,  on  the  basal  joint  only.  Flowers  usually  in  2  decussating  series  as 
in  Dendrophihora.  Fruit  mostly  wrinkled  and  with  closed  sepals.  Mex- 
ico and  Central  America. 

Spikes  filiform :  shoots  much  flattened. 

Joints  several-flowered.    Mexico.  P.  Wawrae. 

Joints  2-flowered.    Guatemala.  P.  cheirocarpum. 
Spikes  thicker  though  not  stout :  shoots  nearly  terete. 

Leaves  prevailingly  lanceolate.    Honduras.  P.  decussatum. 

Leaves  prevailingly  obovate.    Yucatan.  P.  vernicosum. 


94 

Phoradendron  Wawrae  n.  sp. 

More  or  less  pseudodichotomous,  the  elongated  branches  with  basal 
eataphyls  only,  dioecious?.  Internodes  rather  slender  (1-3x30-60  mm.), 
somewhat  granular,  for  a  time  subancipitally  flattened  and  dilated  up- 
wards. Cataphyls  a  single  basal  pair,  very  short-annular.  Leaves  lance- 
olate or  oblanceolate,  typically  very  obtuse,  1.5-3x5-10  cm.,  cuneately  at- 
tenuate and  subpetioled  for  about  5  mm.  Spikes  mostly  clustered,  short 
(10-15  mm.),  with  3  or  4  filiform  joints  subverticillately  2-  or  4-  to  8-flow- 
ered  near  the  ends  when  pistillate :  peduncle  2  mm.  long,  with  a  pair  of 
basal  scales.  Fruit  (immature)  goblet-shaped  and  with  widely  parted 
sepals.— Plate  128. 

Eastern  Sierra  Madre  region  of  Mexico. — The  type  from  Tuxpam. 

Specimens  examined: — MEXICO.  Tuxpam  (Wawra,  747, — the  type). 
Valley  of  Cordoba  (Bourgeau,  1482). 

Phoradendron  cheirocarpum  n.  sp. 

More  or  less  pseudodichotomous,  the  rather  long  branches  with  basal 
eataphyls  only,  dioecious!  Internodes  moderate  (2-3x25-60  mm.), 
smooth,  the  upper  compressed  and  dilated  to  5  mm.  below  the  nodes. 
Cataphyls  a  single  basal  pair,  scarcely  tubular.  Leaves  more  or  less  fal- 
cately  oblanceolate,  very  obtuse,  1.5x5-9  cm.,  somewhat  revolutely  cune- 
ate  for  about  5  mm.  rather  than  petioled.  Spikes  clustered,  short  (15 
mm.),  with  about  4  slender  oblong  2-flowered  joints:  peduncle  1-2  mm. 
long :  scales  blunt,  somewhat  ciliate.  Fruit  goblet-shaped,  3x6  mm.,  the 
lower  half  stipitately  contracted,  smooth:  sepals  erect  or  spreading.— 
Plate  129. 

Guatemalan  region. — The  type  from  Cubilquitz. 

Specimens  examined: — GUATEMALA.  Cubilquitz,  Alta  Verapaz  (v. 
Tuerckheim,  7661,  July  1900,— the  type). 

Phoradendron  decussatuni  n.  sp. 

Scarcely  forked,  the  moderately  long  branches  with  basal  cataphyls 
only,  dioecious.  Internodes  moderate  (2-4x30-70  mm.),  minutely  papil- 
late, varnished  when  young,  somewhat  compressed  and  enlarged  but  not 
angled  below  the  nodes.  Cataphyls  usually  a  single  pair  toward  the  base, 
rather  acute  and  spreading.  Leaves  lanceolate  to  short-obovate  or  ellip- 
tical, very  obtuse,  1.5-2.5x4  or  5-8  cm.,  cuneately  subpetioled  for  5  mm. 
Spikes  mostly  solitary,  rather  short  (20  mm.),  with  about  5  round  joints 
decussately  2-flowered  when  pistillate :  peduncle  2  mm.  long,  with  a  pair 
of  scales  about  the  middle.  Fruit  (immature)  ovoid,  somewhat  rugulose, 
3x4  mm. :  sepals  closely  inflexed. — Plate  129. 


AEQUATORIALES— CAMPBELLIAE  95 

Yucatecan  region. — The  type  from  Honduras. 

Specimens  examined : — HONDURAS.  Comyagua  to  Sabana  Larga  (Nie- 
derlein,  95,  Feb.  23,  1898,— the  type). 

PHORADENDRON  VERNICOSUM  Greenman. 

Phoradendron  vernicosum  Greenman,  Publ.  Field  Columb.  Mus.,  Botany 
vol.  2.  p.  250.  1897. 

Scarcely  forked,  the  moderately  long  branches  with  basal  cataphyls 
only,  dioecious.  Internodes  rather  short  and  thick  (2-4x20-40  mm.) ,  min- 
utely papillate,  varnished  when  young,  elliptically  dilated  rather  than 
compressed  below  the  nodes.  Cataphyls  a  single  pair  toward  the  base, 
short-annular.  Leaves  subelliptical  or  obovate  varying  into  lanceolate, 
very  obtuse,  1-2x2.5-4  cm.,  cuneately  subpetioled  for  scarcely  5  mm. 
Spikes  often  clustered,  short  (10-15,  lengthening  to  20  mm.),  with  3  or  4 
short  oblong  joints  decussately  2-flowered  when  pistillate:  peduncle  1-2 
mm.  long,  sometimes  with  a  second  pair  of  scales.  Fruit  ovoid,  somewhat 
rugulose-warty,  4x5  mm. :  sepals  closely  inflexed. — Plate  130. 

Yucatecan  region. — The  type  from  Yucatan. 

Specimens  examined: — MEXICO.  Izamal,  Yucatan  (Greenman,  440, 
Feb.  22,  1906,— the  type).  Silan  (Gaumer,  876, 1895). 

27.     CAMPBELLIAE. 

Leaves  moderate,  lanceolate,  rather  herbaceous,  basinerved,  somewhat 
veiny.  Shoots  much  flattened  or  subrhombic.  Cataphyls  1  or  2  pairs, 
on  the  basal  joint  only.  Pistillate  flowers  in  2  or  4  series.  Fruit  round 
or  ovoid,  mostly  wrinkled,  with  suberect  parted  sepals.  West  Indies. 

Shoots  2-edged,  dilated  upwards. 

Leaves  obtuse :  cataphyls  2  pairs.  P.  Fid. 

Leaves  usually  blunt-acuminate :  cataphyls  1  pair.        P.  Campbellii. 
Shoots  rhombic  in  section,  little  dilated.  P.  Grisebachianum. 

PHORADENDRON  FICI  (Urban). 
Phoradendrum  Fid  Urban,  Symbolae  Antillanae.  vol.  5.  p.  333.   1907. 

More  or  less  pseudodichotomous,  the  rather  long  branches  with  basal 
cataphyls  only,  dioecious?.  Internodes  short  (2-3x20  mm.),  transversely 
wrinkled  in  drying,  ancipitally  compressed  and  somewhat  dilated  up- 
wards. Cataphyls  a  nearly  basal  pair,  usually  followed  at  a  short  dis- 
tance by  a  second  or  a  third  pair,  truncately  annular.  Leaves  falcately 
rather  broadly  lanceolate,  obtuse,  1.5-2.5  or  even  3x5-9  cm.,  cuneately 
subpetioled  for  about  10  mm.  Spikes  solitary,  moderate  (scarcely  30  mm. 
long),  with  about  3  slender  joints  2-  to  6-flowered:  peduncle  some  5  mm. 


96  THE  GENUS  PHORADENDRON 

long,  with  a  pair  of  scales  near  the  base.  Fruit  greenish  yellow,  ellip- 
soidal, 3x5  mm.,  wrinkled :  sepals  somewhat  parted. — Plate  131. 

Antillean  region  (  ?  exclusively)  on  Ficus. — The  type  from  Jamaica. 

Specimens  examined: — ANTILLES.  JAMAICA  (Harris,  9220,  Apr.  19, 
1906,— the  type;  Britton  &  Hottick,  1861}. 

PHORADENDRON  CAMPBELLII  (Krug  &  Urban). 

Phoradendrum  Campbellii  Krug  &  Urban,  Bot.  Jahrb.  vol.  24.  p.  44. 
1897. 

More  or  less  pseudodichotomous,  the  elongated  spreading  branches 
with  basal  cataphyls  only,  dioecious.  Internodes  rather  short  ( 1-3x15-40 
mm.),  smooth,  slightly  varnished  when  young,  rhombically  ancipital  and 
slightly  dilated  upwards.  Cataphyls  a  single  nearly  basal  pair,  rather 
spreading.  Leaves  broadly  lanceolate  and  blunt-acuminate  to  oblance- 
olate  and  very  obtuse,  1.5-3x4-8  cm.,  cuneately  subsessile.  Spikes  more 
or  less  clustered,  short  (10-15  mm.),  with  3  or  4  short  slender  joints 
decussately  2-flowered  or  occasionally  subverticillately  4-flowered,  when 
pistillate:  peduncle  scarcely  2  mm.  long,  sometimes  with  a  second  pair 
of  scales.  Fruit  (immature)  ellipsoid,  nearly  smooth:  sepals  somewhat 
parted.— Plate  132. 

Antillean  region  ( ?  exclusively)  on  Pisonia  and  Nectandra. — The 
type  from  Jamaica. 

Specimens  examined: — ANTILLES.  JAMAICA.  Wareka  Road  (Camp- 
bell, 6398  in  part,  Aug.  10,  1896 — the  type,  6604) .  Parish  of  Manchester 
(Britton,  3703,  3734,  3765,  3773). 

PHORADENDRON  GRISEBACHIANUM  Eichler. 

Phoradendron  Grisebachianum  Eichler  in  v.  Martius,  Fl.  Brasil.  vol.  5. 

pt.  2.  p.  127  without  name,  134  m.   1868. 
Plwradendrum  Grisebachianum  Urban,  Bot.  Jahrb.  vol.  24.  p.  45.  1897. 

More  or  less  pseudodichotomous,  the  rather  long  branches  with  basal 
cataphyls  only,  dioecious.  Internodes  rather  short  (2-3x20-40  mm.), 
smooth,  rhombically  ancipital  or  quadrangular,  slightly  enlarged  up- 
wards. Cataphyls  a  single  pair  2-4  mm.  above  the  base,  sometimes  fol- 
lowed by  a  second  pair  some  10  mm.  higher,  annular.  Leaves  broadly 
lanceolate  or  ovate-lanceolate  to  subelliptical,  very  obtuse  or  bluntly  sub- 
acuminate,  2.5-4x5-8  or  even  8x15  cm.,  attenuately  or  rather  abruptly 
wing-petioled  for  5-10  mm.  Spikes  solitary,  moderate  (30,  lengthening  to 
40  mm.),  with  about  4  slender  joints  subverticillately  4-  to  8-flowered 
about  the  top  when  pistillate  and  some  18-  to  24-flowered  in  6  series  when 
staminate :  peduncle  2-5  mm.  long,  sometimes  with  a  second  pair  of  scales. 
Fruit  orange-scarlet,  tipped  with  yellow,  globose,  not  warty  but  fleshy 


97 

and  drying  very  rugose,  3  mm.  in  diameter :  sepals  not  meeting.— Plate 
133. 

Antillean  region  ( ?  exclusively)  on  Coccoloba,  Ficus  and  Nectandra. 
• — The  type  from  Jamaica. 

Specimens  examined: — ANTILLES.  JAMAICA  (Alexander;  Britton,  965, 
977,  1467,  3144,  3215,  Britton  &  Hollick,  2772;  Crawford,  783;  Brown, 
51;  Hansen,  1897;  Harris,  6341, — taken  as  the  type,  there  being  no  rep- 
resentative in  Grisebach's  herbarium;  6376,  6397,  10202,  10861). 

28.     CHRYSOCARPAE. 

Leaves  moderate,  lanceolate  or  elliptical  to  round-obovate,  rather 
opaque  and  dull  but  often  raised-nerved  from  the  base.  Shoots  mostly 
2-edged  for  a  time,  sometimes  at  first  rhombically  4-lined.  Cataphyls  1 
or  exceptionally  2  pairs,  on  the  basal  joint  only.  Flowers  variously  in 
2,  4,  or  4-J-2  series.  Fruit  ovoid,  mostly  golden-dotted,  essentially  smooth, 
with  closely  inflexed  sepals.  West  Indies. 

Leaves  lanceolate :  flowers  numerous. 

Broad  (up  to  4  cm.).  P.  chrysocarpum. 

Moderate  ( scarcely  3  cm. ) . 

Stem  sharply  ancipital.  P.  anceps. 

Stem  quickly  terete.  P.  Hartii. 

Leaves  linear-lanceolate :  flowers  few,  sometimes  only  2.  P.  haitense. 

Leaves  elliptical. 

Strongly  nerved :  pistillate  flowers  2.  P.  Wattii. 

Obscurely  nerved. 
Stem  ancipital. 

Leaves  petioled.  P.  Helleri. 

Leaves  subsessile.  P.  Dussii. 

Stem  quickly  terete.  P.  crenulatum. 

Leaves  round-obovate.  P.  Gundlachii. 

PHORADENDRON  CHRYSOCARPUM  (Krug  &  Urban). 

PJioradendrum  chrysocarpum  Krug  &  Urban,  Bot.  Jahrb.  vol.  24.  p.  39. 

1897. 
P.  martinicense  Grisebach,  Fl.  Br.  W.  I.  p.  314.  1860, — in  part. 

Scarcely  forked,  the  rather  long  branches  with  basal  cataphyls  only, 
androgynous.  Internodes  moderate  (2-3x40-60  mm.),  smooth,  sharply 
ancipital  or  at  first  rhombically  compressed.  Cataphyls  a  single  pair, 
nearly  basal,  scarcely  tubular,  white-margined.  Leaves  multiform,  from 
rather  narrowly  lanceolate  to  round-ovate,  characteristically  ovate-lance- 
olate, mucronately  very  obtuse,  2.5-4x6-8  cm.,  cuneately  narrowed  for 
5-10  mm.  rather  than  petioled.  Spikes  mostly  clustered,  moderate  ( 15-35 


98  THE  GENUS  PHOEADENDRON 

or  even  45  mm.),  with  about  3  slender  joints  mostly  10-  to  20-flowered  in 
4+2  series:  peduncle  2-4  mm.  long,  usually  followed  by  a  sterile  joint: 
scales  white-margined.  Fruit  variously  said  to  be  white  or  yellow,  ovoid, 
3x4-5  mm.,  smooth,  golden-glistening  when  dry,  like  other  young  parts 
of  the  plant :  sepals  closely  inflexed. — Plate  134. 

Antillean  and  Caribbean  regions. — The  type  from  Puerto  Rico. 

Specimens  examined: — ANTILLES.  PUERTO  Rico  (Bertero,  439  in 
part,— the  type;  Eggers,  880, 1147;  Sintenis,  3391,  887,  4894,  5297,  6060; 
Garber,  11;  Gundlach,  1472;  Krug,  537;  Stdhl,  1043b;  Britton,  Britton  & 
Marble,  1946;  Britton  &  Cowell,  1301, 1352;  Britton  &  Shafer,  1831;  Un- 
derwood &  Griggs,  671;  Stevens,  5825,  5825a,  5899,  5931}.  ST.  THOMAS 
(Shafer  &  Fitch,  1472}.  CARIBBEES.  ST.  CROIX  (Ricksecker,  302}.  GUADE- 
LOUPE (Duss,  2966,  2969  in  part,  3902  in  part,  4418  in  part).  DOMINICA 
(Imray,  212;  Eggers,  926}.  MARTINIQUE  (Duss,  101  in  part,  1374b  in 
part,  4418  in  part;  Hahn,  550,  733, 1132}.  ST.  VINCENT  (Smith,  245  in 
part,  1305;  Herb.  Hooker.;  Herb.  Haynald.}. 

PHORADENDRON  ANCEPS  (Krug  &  Urban). 

Phoradendrum  anceps  Krug  &  Urban,  Bot.  Jahrb.  vol.  24.  p.  40.  1897. 
Viscum  anceps  Sprengel,  Syst.  vol.  1.  p.  487.  1825. — de  Candolle,  Prodro- 
mus.  vol.  4.  p.  282. 

Scarcely  forked,  the  rather  long  branches  with  basal  cataphyls  only, 
androgynous.  Internodes  moderate  (2-3x40-50  mm.),  smooth,  compressed 
or  2-keeled.  Cataphyls  a  single  pair,  nearly  basal,  slightly  tubular,  white- 
margined.  Leaves  somewhat  falcately  lanceolate,  very  obtuse,  2-4x9-15 
cm.,  cuneately  petioled  for  10-15  mm.  Spikes  more  or  less  clustered, 
rather  short  (15-20,  lengthening  to  30  mm.),  with  about  3  slender  joints 
rather  turbinately  some  18-flowered  in  4+2  series:  peduncle  scarcely 
2  mm.  long:  scales  slightly  scarious-margined.  Fruit  said  to  be  yellow, 
subglobose,  4  mm.  in  diameter,  smooth:  sepals  somewhat  parted. — Plate 
135. 

Antillean  region. — The  type  from  Santo  Domingo. 

Specimens  examined: — ANTILLES.  SANTO  DOMINGO  (Bertero,  439  in 
part, — the  type  collection  of  V.  anceps,  at  the  National  Museum  of  Prag, 
from  Sprengel ;  also,  as  from  Puerto  Rico,  under  the  same  number,  asso- 
ciated with  P.  chrysocarpum;  Wright,  Parry  &  Brummel,  458;  Poiteau, 
from  Ventenat's  herbarium;  Eggers,  1682}. 

PHORADENDRON  HARTII  (Krug  &  Urban). 
Phoradendrum  Hatrtii  Krug  &  Urban,  Bot.  Jahrb.  v.  24.  p.  40.   1897. 

More  or  less  pseudodichotomous,  the  elongated  branches  with  basal 
cataphyls  only,  dioecious?.  Internodes  rather  long  (2-3x40-80  mm.), 


AEQUATOEIALE8— CHEYSOCARPAE  99 

smooth,  the  upper  somewhat  ancipitally  compressed.  Cataphyls  mostly 
a  single  pair,  nearly  basal,  tubular-bifid,  white-margined.  Leaves  more 
or  less  falcately  lanceolate,  obtuse,  1.5-2.5x8-12  cm.,  cuneately  narrowed 
below  rather  than  petioled.  Spikes  mostly  clustered,  rather  short  (20 
mm.),  with  about  4  oblong  joints  some  10-flowered  in  4-J-2  series:  pedun- 
cle almost  suppressed:  scales  somewhat  ciliate.  Fruit  ovoid,  3x4  mm., 
smooth :  sepals  closely  inflexed. — Plate  136. 

Caribbean  region. — The  type  from  Trinidad. 

Specimens  examined: — CARIBBEES.  TRINIDAD  (Hart,  6101,  Aug.  1896, 
—the  type;  Lunt,  6117}. 

PHORADENDRON  HAITENSE  (Urban). 

Phoradendrum  haitense  Urban,  Symbolae  Antillanae.  vol.  5.  p.  334.  1907. 

More  or  less  pseudodichotomous,  the  elongated  branches  with  basal 
cataphyls  only,  androgynous.  Internodes  short  (2-3x30  mm.),  smooth, 
ancipital  and  somewhat  dilated  upwards.  Cataphyls  a  nearly  basal  pair, 
often  with  a  second  pair  scarcely  5  mm.  higher,  scarcely  tubular,  white- 
margined.  Leaves  narrowly  oblong-lanceolate,  abruptly  very  obtuse, 
1x7-10  cm.,  long-attenuate  into  the  subpetiolar  base.  Spikes  mostly  soli- 
tary, moderate  (25-30  mm.),  with  about  3  slender  joints  2-  to  6-  or  10- 
flowered  in  2,  4  or  4+2  series :  peduncle  about  3  mm.  long,  usually  with  a 
pair  of  basal  scales.  Fruit  subglobose,  3  mm.  in  diameter,  smooth :  sepals 
parted.— Plate  135. 

Antillean  region  (  ?  exclusively)  on  Swietenia. — The  type  from  Haiti. 

Specimens  examined: — ANTILLES.  HAITI  (Picarda,  1666,  July  1897, 
—the  type,  1640). 

PHORADENDRON  WATTII  (Krug  &  Urban). 
Phoradendrum  Wattii  Krug  &  Urban,  Bot.  Jahrb.  v.  24.  p.  43.   1897. 

More  or  less  pseudodichotomous,  the  long  branches  with  basal  cata- 
phyls only,  dioecious.  Internodes  moderate  (2-3x30-50  mm.),  minutely 
papillate  and  for  a  time  varnished  like  the  young  foliage,  somewhat  com- 
pressed rather  than  ancipital.  Cataphyls  a  single  pair  2-3  mm.  above 
the  base,  or  2  pairs  the  first  nearly  basal  and  the  second,  exceptionally 
fertile,  some  5  mm.  higher,  acute.  Leaves  more  or  less  falcately  elliptical 
to  broadly  oblanceolate,  very  obtuse,  1.5-2.5x4-7  cm.,  cuneately  sub- 
petioled  for  about  5  mm.  Spikes  more  or  less  clustered,  about  4-jointed : 
short  (10  mm.),  with  short  2-flowered  joints  when  pistillate,  and  longer 
(30  mm.),  with  long  10-  to  20-flowered  joints  when  staminate:  peduncle 
nearly  suppressed :  scales  and  deep  reeeptacular  cups  ciliate.  Fruit  pale 


100  THE  GENUS  PHOEADENDEON 

yellow,  ellipsoidal,  3x5  mm.,  somewhat  wrinkled  in  drying:  sepals  trun- 
cately  inflexed.— Plates  137,  138. 

Antillean  region,  on  Coccoloba,  Colubrina,  Hypelate,  Laguncularia, 
Piscidia,  etc. — The  type  from  Jamaica. 

Specimens  examined: — ANTILLES.  JAMAICA  (Hitchcock,  Dec.  14.  1890, 
—to  be  taken  as  type;  Watt,  6221;  Campbell,  6385,  6386,  6401;  Harris, 
6395,  6402,  6599,  6680,  6711,  9696;  Harris  &  Britton,  10519;  Britton, 
355;  Marble,  231}. 

A  staminate  specimen  (Harris,  10188}  with  the  spikes  some  40  mm. 
long,  with  joints  as  much  as  10  mm.  long  and  26-flowered,  growing  on 
other  mistletoes,  may  be  differentiated  as  var.  product  a. — Plate  138. 

Phoradendron  Helleri  n.  sp. 

More  or  less  pseudodichotomous,  the  rather  long  branches  with  basal 
cataphyls  only,  androgynous.  Internodes  rather  short  (2-3x20-50  mm.), 
cellular-papillate  or  smooth,  the  upper  compressed.  Cataphyls  a  single 
pair,  nearly  basal,  slightly  tubular,  white-margined.  Leaves  subelliptical. 
very  obtuse,  1.5-2x3-5  cm.,  cuneately  petioled  for  5-10  mm.  Spikes  more 
or  less  clustered,  rather  short  (15-25  mm.),  with  abqjut  3  slender  joints 
some  10-  to  18-flowered  in  4-J-2  series :  peduncle  2-4  mm.  long,  sometimes 
with  1  or  2  lower  pairs  of  white-margined  scales.  Fruit  drying  rusty 
red,  ovoid,  4  mm.  in  diameter,  somewhat  cellular-papillate,  when  young 
golden-glistening  like  other  young  parts,  as  is  general  in  the  group : 
sepals  nearly  or  quite  closed. — Plate  139. 

Antillean  region. — The  type  from  Puerto  Rico. 

Specimens  examined: — ANTILLES.  PUERTO  Rico.  East  of  Ponce 
(Heller,  6188,  Dec.  3,  1902,— the  type).  Colonia  S.  Miguel  ( ?  Britton  & 
Shafer,  1640}.  Yauco  (Stevens,  5825c}. 

A  Santo  Domingan  plant  (Fuertes,  1531b}  with  the  stem  and  foliage 
drying  red,  otherwise  intermediate  between  this  and  the  following  spe- 
cies but  with  red  fruit,  may  be  known  as  var.  sanguinea. — Plate  140. 

Phoradendron  Dussii  n.  comb. 

Phoradendrum  chrysocarpum  Dussii  Urban,  Symbolae  Antillanae.  vol.  5. 
p.  333.  1907. 

More  or  less  pseudodichotomous,  the  moderate  branches  with  basal 
cataphyls  only,  androgynous.  Internodes  rather  short  (2-3x20-40  mm.), 
smooth,  the  upper  ancipitally  compressed.  Cataphyls  a  nearly  basal  pair, 
usually  followed  by  a  .second  3-8  mm.  higher,  tubular-bifid,  white-mar- 
gined. Leaves  elliptical  tending  towards  oblanceolate  or  obovate,  very 
obtuse,  sometimes  mucronulate,  1-2  or  2.5x2-4  cm.,  cuneately  subpetioled 
for  some  3  mm.  Spikes  more  or  less  clustered,  short  (15,  lengthening  to 


AEQUATORIALE8— CHRYSOCARPAE  101 

20  or  25  mm.),  with  about  3  slender  2-  to  6-  or  8-flowered  joints :  peduncle 
scarcely  2  mm.  long,  sometimes  followed  by  a  longer  sterile  joint :  scales 
white-margined.  Fruit  ovoid-ellipsoidal,  3x4-5  mm.,  smooth:  sepals 
closely  inflexed. — Plate  141. 

Caribbean  region. — The  type  from  Guadeloupe. 

Specimens  examined: — CARIBBEES.  GUADELOUPE  (Duss,  3904  in  part, 
— the  type  of  P.  chrysocarpum  Dussi;  also  in  part,  2968,  2969,  4099, 
4417). 

PHORADENDRON  CRENULATUM  (Urban). 

Phoradendrum  crenulatum  Urban,  Symbolae  Antillanae.  vol.  5.  p.  332. 
1907. 

Pseudodichotomous  or  trichotomous,  the  rather  long  branches  with 
basal  cataphyls  only,  androgynous.  Internodes  moderate  (2-4x20-30 
mm.),  smooth,  terete  or  somewhat  compressed  above.  Cataphyls  1  or  2 
nearly  basal  pairs,  somewhat  tubular,  white-margined.  Leaves  falcately 
subelliptical,  very  obtuse,  2-2.5x4-6  cm.,  cuneately  narrowed  for  about 
5  mm.  rather  than  petioled,  finely  crisped  or  brokenly  crenulate.  Spikes 
mostly  solitary,  rather  short  (20  mm.),  with  about  5  short  joints  some 
10-  to  14-flowered  in  4-f-2  series :  peduncle  scarcely  3  mm.  long,  with  one 
or  more  basal  pairs  of  white-margined  subciliate  scales.  Fruit?. — Plate 
140. 

Antillean  region  ( ?  exclusively)  on  Cordia. — The  type  from  Jamaica. 

Specimens  examined: — ANTILLES.  JAMAICA  (Harris,  6659,  Aug.  12, 
1896,— the  type). 

PHORADENDRON  GUNDLACHII  (Krug  &  Urban). 

Phoradendrum  Gundlachii  Krug  &  Urban,  Bot.  Jahrb.  vol.  24.  p.  44. 
1897. 

More  or  less  pseudodichotomous,  the  elongated  branches  with  basal 
cataphyls  only,  androgynous.  Internodes  rather  short  (2-3x20-30  mm.), 
smooth,  for  a  time  ancipital  or  somewhat  rhombic.  Cataphyls  a  nearly 
basal  pair,  sometimes  followed  by  a  second  at  some  5  mm.,  rather  obtuse, 
separate.  Leaves  elliptical-obovate,  very  obtuse,  2-3x4-5  cm.,  somewhat 
abruptly  wing-petioled  for  5-10  mm.  Spikes  more  or  less  clustered,  short 
(15-20  mm.),  with  about  3  somewhat  tumid  joints  some  6-  to  10-  or  even 
18-flowered  in  4+2  series:  peduncle  about  3  mm.  long:  scales  ciliate. 
Fruit  white,  ellipsoidal,  about  4  mm.  long,  nearly  smooth :  sepals  closely 
inflexed.— Plate  142. 

Antillean  region. — The  type  from  Cuba. 

Specimens  examined: — ANTILLES.  CUBA:  Mt.  Guajaibon  (Wright, 
2650, — the  type,  as  of  P.  flavescens  f.,  of  Grisebach).  Camaguey  (Brit- 
ton,  Britton  &  Cowell,  13106) .  Sta.  Clara  (Shafer,  12178) . 


102  THE  GENUS  PHOEADENDKON 

29.      DOMINGENSES. 

Leaves  moderate  and  lanceolate,  or  spatulate  and  rather  small,  rather 
thin,  basinerved.  Shoots  rhombically  ancipital.  Cataphyls  a  single  pair, 
on  the  basal  joint  only.  Pistillate  flowers  mostly  decussately  paired,  as 
in  Dendrophthora.  Fruiting  sepals  not  meeting.  West  Indies. 

Leaves  spatulate,  blunt.  P.  domingense. 

Phoradendron  doming-ense  n.  comb. 

Loranthus  domingensis  Desvaux  in  Ham.,  Prodr.  p.  33.   1825. 
PhtJiirusa  domingensis  Eichler  in  v.  Martius,  Fl.  Brasil.  vol.  5.  pt.  2. 

p.  134  i.  1868. 
Dendropemon  domingensis  Van  Tieghem,  Bull.  Soc.  Bot.  Fr.  vol.  42. 

p.  170.  1895. 
Phoradendrum  trinervium  domingense  Krug  &  Urban,  Bot.  Jahrb.  vol. 

24.  p.  38.  1897. 

More  or  less  pseudodichotomous,  the  moderate  crowded  branches  with 
basal  cataphyls  only,  dioecious.  Internodes  short  ( 1-3x10-25  or  occasion- 
ally 50  mm.),  nearly  smooth,  rhombically  ancipital  or  4-angled,  scarcely 
dilated  upwards.  Cataphyls  a  single  basal  pair,  somewhat  annular. 
Leaves  spatulately  obovate,  very  obtuse,  1-1.5x2.5-4.5  cm.,  cuneately  long- 
attenuate  rather  than  petioled.  Spikes  mostly  clustered,  rather  short 
(10-15,  lengthening  to  30  mm.),  with  about  3  short  slender  joints  decuss- 
ately 2-flowered  when  pistillate :  peduncle  3-4  mm.  long,  with  a  pair  of 
scales  at  base.  Fruit  golden  orange,  ellipsoidal,  3x5  mm. :  sepals  erect, 
parted.— Platel43  . 

Antillean  region,  on  Croton,  Exostema,  Forestiera,  Pisonia,  Randia, 
etc. — The  type  from  Hispaniola. 

Specimens  examined: — ANTILLES.  JAMAICA  (Britton,  807,  1895,  1927, 
3068,  3795,  3905;  Britton  &  Hollick,  1890;  Campbell,  6383,  6387,  6398 
in  part,  6581,  6604,  6605,  6676,6714,  6781,  7264,  8138,  9568,  10175;  Har- 
ris, 6552,  10175} . 

30.      RUBRAE. 

Leaves  small  and  often  spatulate,  rather  thin,  basinerved.  Shoots 
rhombically  ancipital  or  4-angled.  Cataphyls  1  or  2  pairs,  on  the  basal 
joint  only.  Flowers  several,  mostly  in  4+2  series.  Fruit  usually  red 
or  orange  and  very  minutely  cellular-papillate :  sepals  not  meeting.  West 
Indies  and  Mexico  to  northern  South  America. 

Leaves  obovate-spatulate. 
West  Indian. 

Young  fruit  elongated.  P.  trinervium. 

Young  fruit  rounded.  P.  rubrum. 


AEQUATORIALES— RUBRAE  103 

Mexican  and  Central  American. 
Leaves  subsessile. 

Northern :  cataphyls  rather  large.  P.  Guazumae. 

Southern :  cataphyls  small.  P.  Rensoni. 

Leaves  slenderly  subpetioled.  P.  commutatum. 

South  American. 

Leaves  obovate :  fruit  subglobose.  P.  sanctae-martae. 

Leaves  often  oblanceolate :  fruit  ellipsoid.  P.  Zuloagae. 

Leaves  elliptical-  or  oblong-lanceolate. 

Sepals  widely  spreading.    South  American.  P.  apertum. 

Sepals  moderately  parted. 

Mexican  and  Central  American.  P.  commutatum. 

South  American  (fruit  white?).  P.  Appuni. 

PHORADENDRON  TRINERVIUM  Grisebach. 

Phoradendron  trinervium  Grisebach,  Fl.  Br.  W.  I.  p.  314.  1860. 
Viscum  trinervium  Lamarck,  Encl.  vol.  3.  p.  57.     1789. — de  Candolle, 

Prodromus.  vol.  4.  p.  280.   1830. 

V.  myrtilloides  Willdenow,  Sp.  PI.  vol.  4.  pt.  2.  p.  739.   1806. 
V.  tetragonum  de  Candolle,  Prodromus.  vol.  4.  p.  282.   1830. 
V.  oblongifolium  de  Candolle,  1.  c.  p.  283.   1830. 
V.  trigonum  Dietrich,  Syn.  vol.  1.  p.  546.   1839, — in  part. 
V.  jamaicense  Macfadyen,  Jam.  vol.  2.  p.  195.  1850. 
Phoradendron  rubrum  var.  brevispica  Bichler  in  v.  Martius,  Fl.  Brasil. 

vol.  5.  pt.  2.  p.  121.  1868. 

P.  rubrum  var.  latifolia  Eichler,  1.  c.  p.  121.   1868. 
P.  oblongifolium  Eichler,  I.  c.  p.  134  m.  1868. 
Phoradendrum  trinervium  Urban,  Bot.  Jahrb.  vol.  24.  p.  37.   1897. 

Somewhat  pscudodichotomous,  the  moderate  branches  with  basal  cata- 
phyls only,  androgynous.  Internodes  rather  short  (2-3x30-50  mm.), 
somewhat  rhombically  quadrangular.  Cataphyls  a  nearly  basal  pair, 
frequently  followed  at  a  short  distance  by  a  second  pair,  short  and  rather 
spreading.  Leaves  elliptical-obovate,  very  obtuse,  1  or  1.5-2.5x3-5  cm., 
cuneately  subpetioled  for  about  3  mm.  Spikes  more  or  less  clustered, 
rather  short  (some  20  mm.),  with  about  3  slender  joints  usually  some  6- 
or  8-flowered  in  4  or  4+2  series:  peduncle  1-3  or  4  mm.  long.  Fruit 
red-orange,  oblong  becoming  subglobose,  smooth,  3-4  mm.  in  diameter: 
sepals  erect,  parted. — Plates  144,  145,  146. 

Through  the  West  Indies. — The  type  from  Martinique. 

Specimens  examined : — BAHAMAS.  ACKLIN  ISL.  (Brace,  4461).  GREAT 
BAGGED  ISL.  (Wilson,  7814,  7851).  WATLING  ISL.  (Wilson,  7250,  7254, 
7315).  ANTILLES.  JAMAICA  (McNab,  68,  1846;  Harvey,  1829  ;March, 
1316;  Harris  &  Britton,  10529).  PUERTO  Rico  (Bertero;  Heller,  6161; 
Britton  &  Cowell,  1293;  Britton  &  S~kafer,  1844;  Britton  &  Marble,  2248; 


104  THE  GENUS  PHORADENDRON 

Stevens  &  Hess,  4548,  4561;  Shafer,  2003;  Sintenis,  887c,  3034. 
3246,  3248;  Underwood  &  Griggs,  554;  Read).  ST.  THOMAS  (Herb. 
Vent.).  CARIBBEES.  ST.  BARTHELEMY  (V.  Goes).  S.  EUSTATIUS  (Sur- 
ingar).  SABA  (Suringar;  Boldingh,  1660).  ANTIGUA  (Wullschlaegel, 
256,257).  MONTSERRAT  (Shafer,  314,  320,600,  607).  GUADELOUPE  (Ber- 
tero,  1820, — as  Loranthus  sessilis;  Perrottet,  1824, — the  type  of  V.  ob- 
longifolium ;  Duss,  2968).  DOMINICA  (Imray;  Lloyd,  463).  MARTIN- 
IQUE (Isert,  1787, — the  type  of  V.  trinervium  and,  as  no.  18296  in  the 
Willdenow  herbarium,  of  V.  myrtilloides;  Herb.  Vent.;  Duss,  102,  960, 
1373,  1306).  MUSTIQUE  (Smith,  34).  TRINIDAD  (Crueger,  305;  Hart, 
1896). 

Phoradendron  Appuni  n.  sp. 

Scarcely  forked,  the  moderate  branches  with  basal  cataphyls  only, 
androgynous.  Internodes  rather  short  (2-3x15-30  mm.),  smooth,  some- 
what rhombically  quadrangular.  Cataphyls  a  single  pair  toward  the 
base,  short,  white-margined.  Leaves  narrowly  •fanceolate,  more  or  less 
mucronately  obtuse  to  acute,  scarcely  1x2.5-5.5  cm.,  cuneately  subses- 
sile.  Spikes  mostly  solitary,  short  (15  mm.),  with  about  3  slender  joints 
some  6-  to  8-flowered  in  4-J-2  series :  peduncle  2  mm.  long.  Fruit  white?, 
becoming  subglobose,  smooth,  4  mm.  in  diameter :  sepals  erect,  parted. — 
Plate  147. 

Cayenne  region. — The  type  from  Demerara. 

Specimens  examined: — BRITISH  GUIANA  (Appun,  1783, — the  type,  in 
the  Hookerian  herbarium  at  Kew). 

Phoradendron  apertum  n.  sp. 

Somewhat  pseudodichotomous,  the  rather  long  branches  with  basal 
cataphyls  only,  androgynous.  Internodes  rather  short  (2-3x25-30  mm.), 
smooth,  acutely  quadrangular.  Cataphyls  a  single  nearly  basal  pair, 
spreading.  Leaves  oblanceolate-elliptical,  very  obtuse,  1.5-2x3.5-6.5  cm., 
euneately  subsessile.  Spikes  more  or  less  clustered,  short  (scarcely  15 
mm.),  with  about  3  short  little-swollen  joints  some  6-  or  8-flowered  in 
4-J-2  series:  peduncle  1-3  mm.  long.  Fruit  reddish,  subglobose,  smooth, 
4-5  mm.  in  diameter :  sepals  widely  parted. — Plate  147. 

Cayenne  region. — The  type  from  Demerara. 

Specimens  examined: — BRITISH  GUIANA  (Jenman,  3801,  Apr.  1887, — 
the  type). 

Phoradendron  Guazumae  n.  sp. 

Pseudodichotomous  or  fasciculately  branched,  the  long  branches  with 
basal  cataphyls  only,  androgynous?.  Internodes  rather  long  (2-4x30-60 
mm. ) ,  smooth,  rhombically  compressed  becoming  terete  but  with  4  rather 
persistent  lines.  Cataphyls  a  single  nearly  basal  pair,  blunt  and  spread- 


AEQUATORIALES— RUBRAE  105 

ing,  white-margined.  Leaves  elliptical-oblanceolate  to  obovate,  very  ob- 
tuse, often  mucronate,  1.5-2x4-5.5  cm.,  cuneately  subpetioled  for  about 
3  mm.  Spikes  often  clustered,  short  (10,  scarcely  lengthening  to  20 
mm.),  with  3  or  4  soon  cylindrical  joints  some  6-  to  8-flowered  in  4+2 
series:  peduncle  scarcely  3  mm.  long,  sometimes  followed  by  a  sterile 
joint.  Fruit  subglobose,  smooth,  3-4  mm.  in  diameter :  sepals  somewhat 
parted.— Plate  148. 

Sonoran  region  of  Mexico  ( ?  exclusively)  on  Guazuma. — The  type 
from  Sinaloa. 

Specimens  examined: — MEXICO.  SINALOA,  Mazatlan  (Rose,  Standley 
it  Russell,  13846,  Apr.  1,  1910,— the  type).  Culiacan  (Brandegee,  1904). 

Phoradendron  sanctae-martae  n.  sp. 

More  or  less  pseudodichotomous,  the  moderate  branches  with  basal 
cataphyls  only,  androgynous.  Internodes  rather  short  (2-3x25-40  mm.), 
smooth,  rhombically  quadrangular.  Cataphyls  a  single  basal  pair,  an- 
nular, white-margined.  Leaves  obovate,  very  obtuse  or  emarginate,  1x3 
or  2.5-3x4-5  cm.,  cuneately  sessile.  Spikes  somewhat  clustered,  moderate 
(25-35  mm.) ,  with  about  3  slender  oblong  joints  some  10-flowered  in  4+2 
series:  peduncle  almost  suppressed,  often  followed  by  a  partly  sterile 
joint.  Fruit  subglobose,  smooth,  3  mm.  in  diameter:  sepals  somewhat 
parted.— Plate  149. 

Venezuelan-Isthmian  region. — The  type  from  Colombia. 

Specimens  examined: — COLOMBIA.  Santa  Marta,  at  250  ft.  altitude 
(Smith,  1284,— the  type). 

Phoradendron  Rensoni  n.  sp. 

Pseudodichotomous,  the  rather  long  branches  with  basal  cataphyls 
only,  androgynous?.  Internodes  rather  short  (2-3x25-40  mm.),  smooth, 
rhombically  subancipital.  Cataphyls  a  single  pair,  nearly  basal,  not 
tubular.  Leaves  obovate-oblanceolate,  very  obtuse  or  emarginate,  1.5x 
3-3.5  cm.,  cuneately  sessile.  Spikes  clustered,  short  (10-15  mm.),  with 
about  3  plump  joints  subverticillately  4-  to  6-flowered :  peduncle  scarcely 
3  mm.  long.  Fruit  subglobose,  smooth,  4  mm.  in  diameter :  sepals  some- 
what parted. — Plate  149. 

Isthmian  region. — The  type  from  San  Salvador. 

Specimens  examined: — EL  SALVADOR.  San  Salvador  (Carlos  Renson, 
256, — the  type).  COSTA  EICA  (Oersted,  1,  3103, — P.  trinervium,  Oliver). 

Phoradendron  Zuloagae  n.  sp. 

More  or  less  pseudodichotomous,  the  moderate  branches  with  basal 
cataphyls  only,  androgynous.  Internodes  moderate  (2-3  or  5x30-50  or 


106  THE  GENUS  PHORADENDRON 

70  mm.),  resinous-dotted,  acutely  quadrangular,  somewhat  rhombically 
compressed  above.  Cataphyls  a  nearly  basal  pair,  annular.  Leaves  ob- 
lanceolate  to  obovate-spatulate,  mucronately  obtuse,  1-1.5x3-5  cm.,  cu- 
neately  subsessile.  Spikes  more  or  less  clustered,  moderate  (15-25  mm.), 
with  about  3  somewhat  clavate  or  fusiform  rather  short  joints  some  10- 
flowered  in  4-4-2  series :  peduncle  1-2  mm.  long.  Fruit  yellow,  ellipsoid, 
nearly  smooth,  about  3x4  mm. ;  sepals  erect,  parted. — Plates  9,  150. 

Venezuelan  region. — The  type  from  Venezuela. 

Specimens  examined: — VENEZUELA.  Caracas  (Zuloaga,  1915, — the 
type). 

In  the  region  of  P.  venezuelense,  which  it  resembles  closely  but  from 
which  it  differs  in  its  more  spatulate  leaves  and  especially  in  its  ellipsoid 
fruit  with  parted  sepals. 

Phoradendron  commutatum  n.  sp. 

Phoradendron  quadr angular e  and  P.  rubrum  of  most  writers,  as  to  con- 
tinental North  America. 

More  or  less  pseudodichotomous,  the  moderate  branches  with  basal 
cataphyls  only,  androgynous.  Internodes  moderate  (2-3x30-40  mm.), 
resinous-dotted,  acutely  quadrangular.  Cataphyls  a  nearly  basal  pair, 
sometimes  with  a  second  pair  at  a  distance  of  about  5  mm.  Leaves  ob- 
laiiceolate-oblong  or  obovate,  mucronately  obtuse  to  acute,  .5-1x3.5-4  cm., 
or  as  much  as  2x5  cm.,  cuneately  sessile.  Spikes  mostly  solitary,  mod- 
erate (15,  becoming  30  mm.),  with  3  or  4  slender  somewhat  fusiform 
elongated  joints  some  6-flowered  in  4-J-2  series:  peduncle  about  4  mm. 
long,  often  followed  by  an  elongated  sterile  joint.  Fruit  red,  globose, 
microscopically  cellular-papillate,  3  mm.  in  diameter :  sepals  inflexed  but 
not  meeting. — Plates  150,  151. 

Mountains  of  Mexico  and  Central  America. — The  type  from  western 
Mexico. 

Specimens  examined: — MEXICO.  Guadelajara  to  Tepic  (Gregg,  90S, 
1849, — the  type).  Acaponeta,  Tepic  (Rose,  Standley  &  Russell,  14450}. 
Concepcion,  Sinaloa  (Rose,  1525).  San  Luis  Potosi  (Purpus,  5322}. 
Mirador  (Liebmann,  2,  3098-9, — P.  rubrum  Oliver,  Vidensk.  Meddel. 
Kjobenhavn.  1864,  like  the  following).  Consoquitla  (Liebmann,  2,  3100). 
Orizaba  (Mueller,  556, 1001;  Salle,  67) .  Vera  Cruz  (  ?  Greemman,  120) . 
Lagunas  (Nelson,  2650).  Without  locality  (Sumichrast,  341).  HON- 
DURAS. Puerto  Cortez  (  t  Kellerman,  4720).  NICARAGUA.  Without  local- 
ity (Wright,  1853-6, — on  the  Ringgold  and  Rodgers  Expedition). 


AEQUATORIALES— RUBRAE  107 

PHORADENDRON  RUBRUM  Grisebach. 

Phoradendron  rubrum  Grisebach,  Fl.  Br.  W.  I.  p.  314.    1860, — as  to 

name  only. 
Viscum  rubrum  Linnaeus,  Sp.  Plant,  p.  1025.  1753. — de  Candolle,  Pro- 

dromus.  vol.  4.  p.  281. 

P.  tetrastachyum  spathulifolium  Grisebach,  Cat.  PI.  Cub.  p.  120.    1866. 
P.  tetrastichus  Hitchcock,  Kept.  Mo.  Bot.  Gard.  vol.  4.  p.  125.    1893,— 

for  tetrastachyum. 
Phoradendrum  spathulifolium  Krug  &  Urban,  Bot.  Jahrb.  vol.  24.  p.  41. 

1897. 

At  most  somewhat  pseudodichotomous,  the  rather  long  branches  with 
basal  cataphyls  only,  androgynous.  Internodes  short  (2-3x20  mm.), 
smooth,  rhombically  ancipital  and  somewhat  dilated  upwards.  Cataphyls 
a  nearly  basal  pair,  frequently  followed  by  1  or  2  others  at  short  inter- 
vals, blunt  and  spreading.  Leaves  somewhat  rhombically  lance-spatulate 
to  obovate,  obtuse,  1-1.5x4  cm.,  cuneately  tapered  and  subpetioled  for 
5  mm.  Spikes  more  or  less  clustered,  short  (scarcely  20  mm.),  with  2 
or  3  oblong  joints  about  12-flowered  in  4+2  series:  peduncle  2-3  mm. 
long.  Fruit  red  or  exceptionally  yellow,  subglobose,  smooth,  4  mm.  in 
diameter :  sepals  more  or  less  erect  and  parted. — Plates  152,  153. 

Antillean  and  Bahamian  regions. — The  type  from  the  Bahamas. 

Specimens  examined: — BAHAMAS.  Without  locality  (Catesby,  in  the 
herbarium  of  the  South  Kensington  Museum, — the  prototype  of  V.  ru- 
brum). ABACO  (Coker,558).  FORTUNE  ISL.  (Eggers,  3847).  CROOKED 
ISL.  (Hitchcock,  1890;  Brace,  4643).  LONG  ISL.  (Britton  &  Millspaugh, 
6325).  CAT  ISL.  (Britton  &  Millspaugh,  5867).  MARIGUANA  (Wilson, 
7449,  7457,  7532,  7579).  NEW  PROVIDENCE  (Brace,  3428;  Britton  &  Brace, 
832;  Coker,  303).  ACKLIN  ISL.  (Brace,  4461) .  WATLING 's  ISL.  (Wilson, 
7254).  INAGUA  (Nash  &  Taylor,  947,  1021,  1314  and  1342— with  yellow 
fruit).  ANTILLES.  CUBA  (Wright,  512,  1200b,  13001, — the  type  of  P. 
tetrastachyum  spathulifolium  and  of  P.  spathulifolium;  Combs,  347,  348; 
Shafer,296,371). 

Linnaeus  apparently  based  Viscum  rubrum  on  the  description  and 
illustration  of  the  plant  figured  on  pi.  81  of  Catesby 's  celebrated  work 
on  the  Bahamas,  the  time  character  of  which  is  evident  from  the  accom- 
panying photographic  illustration  of  one  of  the  several  specimens  of 
Catesby 's  collection  preserved  at  South  Kensington.  Grisebach,  who  in- 
tended to  transfer  into  Phoradendron  the  species  which  Linnaeus  had 
called  Viscum  rubrum,  and  who  therefore  stands  as  the  author  of  the 
name  as  here  used,  really  applied  it  to  the  plant  here  called  P.  antillarum, 
and  he  subsequently  rechristened  the  true  rubrum  P.  tetrastachyum  spa- 
thulifolium. 


108 


THE  GENUS  PHOEADENDRON 


31.      QUADRANGULAKES. 

Leaves  rather  small,  prevailingly  elongated,  thin,  basinerved.  Shoots 
for  a  time  sharply  4-sided  or  4-lined.  Cataphyls  usually  a  single  pair, 
on  the  basal  joint  only.  Flowers  several,  usually  in  4  or  4+2  series. 
Fruit  mostly  red  or  orange  and  minutely  cellular-papillate :  sepals  closely 
inflexed  and  meeting.  Central  and  South  America  and  the  West  Indies. 

Fruit  white :  leaves  elliptical-oblong  to  obovate.    Andean. 


Leaves  cuneately  subsessile. 
Leaves  abruptly  petioled. 
Fruit  red  or  orange. 
Brazilian. 

Leaves  subsessile. 

Young  fruit  elongated. 
Young  fruit  rounded. 

Leaves  oblanceolate-sp"atulate. 
Leaves  obovate-spatulate. 
Leaves  slenderly  subpetioled. 
Elliptical-obovate. 
Linear-oblanceolate. 
Venezuelan. 
Central  American. 

Leaves  lance-oblong. 
Leaves  elliptical-obovate. 
Mexican. 

Leaves  elliptical-obovate. 

Spikes  stalked.    Continental. 
Spikes  subsessile.    Yucatecan. 
Leaves  oblanceolate-oblong.    Insular. 
West  Indian. 

Leaves  lanceolate  or  oblanceolate-obovate. 
Leaves  linear-oblanceolate. 


P.  quadrangulare. 
P.  viscifolium. 


P.  Wiesnerianum. 

P.  affine. 
P.  Martianum. 

P.  piauhyanum. 

P.  microphyllum. 

P.  venezuelense . 

P.  ceibanum. 
P.  zacapanum. 


P.  tamaulipense. 

P.  Gaumeri. 

P.  Townsendi. 

P.  antillarum. 
P.  gracile. 


PHORADENDRON  QUADRANGULARE  (Krug  &  Urban). 

Phoradendrum  quadrangulare  Krug  &  Urban,  Bot.  Jahrb.  vol.  24.  p.  35. 

1898. 
Loranthus  quadrangularis  Humboldt,  Bonpland  &  Kunth,  Nov.  Gen.  Sp. 

vol.  3.  p.  444.  1818. 

Viscum  quadrangulare  de  Candolle,  Prodromus.  vol.  4.  p.  283.   1830. 
Viscum  salicifolium  Presl,  Epimel.  Bot.  p.  254.   1849. 
Phoradendron  salicifolium  Eichler  in  v.  Martius,  Fl.  Brasil.  vol.  5.  pt.  2. 

p.  110.  1868. 

More  or  less  pseudodichotomous,  the  rather  long  branches  with  basal 
cataphyls  only,  androgynous.  Internodes  moderate  (2-3x30-50  mm.), 
resinous-dotted  or  somewhat  cellular-papillate,  rhombically  quadrangn- 


AEQUATORIALES— QUADRANGULAEES  109 

lar  or  4-winged.  Cataphyls  a  single  pair  toward  the  base,  spreading. 
Leaves  narrowly  obovate  to  elliptical-oblong,  more  or  less  mucronately 
very  obtuse,  1-1.5x3.5-5  or  6  cm.,  cuneately  subpetioled  for  scarcely  3  mm. 
Spikes  more  or  less  clustered,  moderate  (30-40  mm.),  with  3-5  slender 
elongated  joints  rather  turbinately  some  12-  to  even  26-flowered  in  4  or 
4+2  series :  peduncle  2-3  or  rarely  5  mm.  long,  sometimes  followed  by  a 
sterile  joint.  Fruit  white,  subglobose,  cellular-papillate,  3  mm.  in  diam- 
eter: sepals  closely  inflexed. — Plates  154,  155. 

Andean  region. — The  type  from  Colombia. 

Specimens  examined: — COLOMBIA,  (Bonpland,  1795  on  Guazuma,— 
the  type  of  L.  quadrang ularis ).  Without  locality  (Holton,  656).  ECUA- 
DOR. Quito  (Haenke, — the  type  of  V.  salicifoUum).  Guayaz  (Sodiro,  Aug. 
23,1872).  Bodega  (Sodiro,  Sept.  3,  1872).  Hacienda  El  Recreo,  Man- 
abi  (Eggers,  14829). 

As  in  the  case  of  P.  rubrum,  the  authors  of  the  binomial  here  used 
had  in  mind  a  different  species  from  the  one  to  which  it  is  now  applied, 
but  their  intention  to  transfer  Loranthus  quadrangularis  HBK.  into 
PJioradendron  is  unmistakable.  The  Colombian  type  differs  from  the 
PJcuadoran  salicifoUum  in  having  more  rhombic  internodes. 

PHORADENDRON  VISCIFOLIUM  n.  comb. 

LorantJius  viscifolius  Humboldt,  Bonpland  &  Kunth,  Nov.  Gen.  Sp.  vol. 

3.  p.  443.  1818. 
Viscum  Kunthianum  de  Candolle,  Prodromus.  vol.  4.  p.  283.   1830. 

More  or  less  pseudodichotomous,  the  rather  long  branches  with  basal 
cataphyls  only,  androgynous.  Internodes  rather  short  (2-3x30-50  mm.), 
nearly  smooth,  acutely  quadrangular.  Cataphyls  a  single  nearly  basal 
pair.  Leaves  obliquely  obovate,  obtuse,  1.5-2x3.5-5  cm.,  rather  abruptly 
subpetioled  for  over  5  mm.  Spikes  more  or  less  clustered,  moderate 
(30  mm.),  with  about  3  slender  elongated  joints  some  8-flowered  in  4  or 
4+2  series :  peduncle  about  2  mm.  long.  Fruit  subglobose,  smooth,  3  mm. 
in  diameter :  sepals  closely  inflexed. — Plate  155. 

Andean  region. — The  type  from  Ecuador. 

Specimens  examined: — ECUADOR.  Guayaquil  (Bonpland,  3798, — the 
type). 

Phoradendron  Wiesnerianum  n.  sp. 

Somewhat  pseudodichotomous,  the  rather  long  branches  with  basal 
cataphyls  only,  androgynous.  Internodes  moderate  (2-3x30-50  mm.), 
smooth,  rhombically  quadrangular  or  4-winged.  Cataphyls  a  single  pair 
toward  the  base,  blunt  and  spreading.  Leaves  subspatulately  elliptical, 
mucronately  very  obtuse,  1-1.5x4-5  cm.,  cuneately  subsessile.  Spikes 


110  THE  GENUS  PHOEADENDEON 

mostly  clustered,  short  (10,  becoming  20  mm.),  with  2  or  3  slender  elon- 
gated joints  some  12-flowered  in  4+2  series:  peduncle  1-3  mm.  long, 
often  followed  by  a  partly  sterile  joint.  Fruit  ovoid,  cellular-papillate, 
3x4  mm. :  sepals  closely  inflexed. — Plate  156. 

Brazilian  region. — The  type  from  Ceara. 

Specimens  examined: — BRAZIL.  Ceara  (Gardner,  1673,  1674 — the 
type). 

Phoradendron  piauhyanum  n.  nom. 

Phoradendron  rubrum  var.  longispica  Eichler  in  v.  Martins,  Fl.  Brasil. 
vol.  5.  pt.  2.  p.  121.  1868. 

Somewhat  pseudodichotomous,  the  rather  long  branches  with  basal 
cataphyls  only,  androgynous.  Internodes  moderate  (2-3x30-50  mm.), 
smooth,  more  or  less  rhombically  quadrangular.  Cataphyls  a  nearly  basal 
pair,  sometimes  followed  by  a  second  pair  some  5  mm.  higher.  Leaves 
elliptical-spatulate,  very  obtuse  or  subemarginate,  1.5-2x4-6  or  8  cm., 
cuneately  subpetioled  for  scarcely  5  mm.  Spikes  mostly  clustered,  long 
for  the  group  (25,  becoming  40-50  or  60  mm.),  with  3-6  slender  elongated 
joints  turbinately  some  20-flowered  in  4-(-2  series :  peduncle  almost  sup- 
pressed, sometimes  followed  by  an  elongated  sterile  joint.  Fruit  round- 
ovoid,  smooth,  3  mm.  in  diameter ;  sepals  closely  inflexed. — Plate  157. 

Brazilian  region. — The  type  from  Piauhy. 

Specimens  examined: — BRAZIL.  Piauhy  (Gardner,  2617, — the  type 
of  P.  rubrum  var.  longispica,  2623).  Panuri  (Spruce,  2909}.  Santarem 
(Spruce,  4,  739). 

Phoradendron  ceibanum  n.  sp. 

Somewhat  pseudodichotomous,  the  rather  long  branches  with  basal 
cataphyls  only,  androgynous?.  Internodes  rather  short  (2-4x30  mm.), 
smooth,  rhombieally  4-angled,  somewhat  dilated  and  ancipital  upwards. 
Cataphyls  a  single  nearly  basal  pair.  Leaves  oblong-elliptical,  mucro- 
nately  subacute  to  obtuse,  1.5-2  or  2.5x4-7  cm.,  petioled  for  about  5  mm. 
Spikes  mostly  solitary,  moderate  (40-50  mm.  in  fruit),  with  about  3 
rather  slender  oblong  joints  some  20-flowered  in  4  or  4+2  series :  pedun- 
cle 2-3  mm.  long.  Fruit  subglobose,  minutely  cellular-papillate,  4  mm. 
in  diameter :  sepals  closely  inflexed. — Plate  158. 

Isthmian  region. — The  type  from  Costa  Eica. 

Specimens  examined: — COSTA  RICA.  Rio  Ceiba,  Buenos  Aires  (Pit- 
tier  [or  Tonduzf]  3900,  1891,— the  type,  6638).  Ojo  de  Agua  (Hoff- 
mann, 578,1856).  NICARAGUA.  Mosquito  Coast  (WullscMaegel) .  Gren- 
ada (Levy,  1293).  Realejo  (Baker,  2096). 


AEQUATORIALES— QUADBANGULARES  111 

Phoradendron  venezuelense  n.  sp. 

Somewhat  pseudodichotomous,  the  moderate  branches  with  basal  cata- 
phyls  only,  androgynous.  Internodes  rather  short  (2-3x20-30  mm.  or 
5x60  mm.),  smooth,  rhombically  4-angled,  somewhat  compressed.  Cata- 
phyls  a  single  nearly  basal  pair,  annular-parted.  Leaves  oblong-lance- 
olate, mucronately  obtuse  to  subacute,  .3-1x3-4  cm.,  cuneately  subpetioled 
for  about  3  mm.  Spikes  often  clustered,  short  (15  mm.),  with  about  3 
slender  short  joints  some  12-  to  18-flowered  in  4+2  series:  peduncle 
nearly  suppressed.  Fruit  greenish  yellow  to  red,  subglobose,  smooth, 
3  mm.  in  diameter :  sepals  closely  inflexed. — Plate  159. 

Venezuelan  and  Isthmian  regions. — The  type  from  Venezuela. 

Specimens  examined: — VENEZUELA.  Tovar  (Fendler,  1810, — the  type, 
fill?).  Valencia  (Moritz,  307).  Oritrico  (Otto,  556).  Caracas  (Goll- 
mer,  1854 ;  Knoop,  Hi) .  COLOMBIA.  Sta.  Marta  ( fSmith,  1280) .  PAN- 
AMA. Aspinwall  (Hayes,  829).  Paraiso  (?Hayes,323).  Chagres  (fFcnd- 
Ur,  1341).  Gamboa  (Pittier,  2604).  CARIBBEES.  TRINIDAD  (Fendler, 
651;  Hart,  6116). 

Phoradendron  antillarum  n.  sp. 

Phoradendron  rubrum  and  P.  quadrangulare  of  most  writers,  as  to  the 

West  Indies  except  the  Bahamas  and  some  few  Cuban  collections. 
Viscum  angustifolium  Bertero  in  Sprengel,  Syst.  vol.  1.  p.  487.   1825. 

More  or  less  pseudodichotomous,  the  moderate  branches  with  basal 
cataphyls  only,  androgynous.  Internodes  moderate  (2-3x15-40  or  50 
mm.),  somewhat  cellular-papillate,  acutely  quadrangular,  somewhat 
rhombically  dilated  above.  Cataphyls  a  single  nearly  basal  pair,  annular, 
white-margined.  Leaves  lanceolate,  mucronately  subacute,  typically  nar- 
row .5-1x3-4  cm.,  cuneately  subsessile.  Spikes  more  or  less  clustered, 
rather  short  (15-20,  lengthening  to  30  mm.),  with  about  3  slender  sub- 
fusiform  joints  about  14-flowered  in  4+2  series :  peduncle  about  1  mm. 
long.  Fruit  red  varying  into  yellow  or  white,  subglobose,  smooth,  3-4  mm. 
in  diameter :  sepals  closely  inflexed. — Plate  160. 

Antillean  and  upper  Caribbean  regions. — The  type  from  Cuba. 

Specimens  examined: — ANTILLES.  CUBA  (Wright,  452,  1302, — the 
type;  Poeppig,  1824;  Pareyss,  1839;  Herb.  Le  Jolis.,  871;  de  la  Sagra; 
Eggers,  4782;  Combs,  299;  Van  Hermann,  1448;  Shafer,  159,  296,  363, 
371,  563,  815,  1109,  1622,  11823— noted,  as  having  white  fruit,  11828— 
with  yellow  fruit,  12109,  12403;  Pringle,  80;  Baker,  2559;  Wilson,  1748; 
Rugel,  269b;  Britton,  165,  1950,  1985,  2052,  2119;  Britton,  Britton  & 
Cowell,  10241;  Britton  &  Cowell,  12553;  Britton  &  Wilson,  4886,  5644; 
Britton,  Earle  &  Wilson,  4585,  4687;  Britton,  Britton  &  Wilson  5579). 
HAITI  (Prax,  1854;  Ehrenberg,  13;  Eggers,  3328;  Picarda,  72,  132b,  301, 


112  THE  GENUS  PHOEADENDEON 

448;  Nash  &  Taylor,  1322).  SANTO  DOMINGO  (Bertero;  Ehrenberg; 
Wright,  Parry  &  Brummcl,  467;  Eggers.  1651,  1983;  Fuertes,  383,  827; 
t».  Tuerckheim,  2616;  Taylor,  223,  338,  481,  497;  Emanuel,  1).  JAMAICA 
(Hitchcock,  1890;  Hansen,  1310;  Britton,  2840,  3668;  Shafer,  159,  296, 
363,  563,  815,  1109,  1622;  Harris,  6577,  6584,  6927— bearing  Cuscuta; 
Brown,  394;  Maxon,  1675).  PUERTO  Rico  (Bertero,  8,  1234 — the  type 
collection  of  Viscum  angustifolium  Bertero;  Eggers,  965;  Cowell,  753; 
Stahl,  45, 1043;  Heller,  205,  6186;  Sintenis,  885,  887b,  3035,  3292b,  3912, 
5562,  6624,  7601;  Garber,  24;  Krug,  538;  Schwancke;  Kuntze,  495;  Un- 
derwood &  Griggs,  211;  Britton  &  Marble,  2245 — with  yellow  fruit;  Brit- 
ton  &  Shafer,  1644;  Stevens,  5212,  5825b,  5826-9,  5907,  5908,  5935;  Stev- 
ens &  Hess,  4563,  4988;  Hess,  5402;  Brother  Hioram,  1912) .  CARIBBEES. 
ANTIGUA  (Nicholson,  16).  GUADELOUPE  (Sprengel).  DOMINICA  (Eggers, 
93).  ^ 

With  stouter  (2-4x30-60  mm.),  smooth,  acutely  quadrangular,  but  lit- 
tle dilated  internodes,  and  larger  elliptical-lanceolate  leaves  1-2x5-9  cm., 
mostly  5-nerved  and  somewhat  veiny,  and  spike-joints  about  18rflowered, 
it  is  var.  orientalis  (PI.  161).  Eastern  Cuba  (Britton,  1985,  2119 — the 
type;  Britton,  Con-ell  cf-  Shafer.  12919,  and,  in  an  equally  long-  but 
rather  narrower-leaved  form,  f.  longa,  PI.  161,  Britton,  2415).  Puerto 
Rico  (Underwood  &  Griggs,  383). 

Phoradendron  Townsendi  n.  sp. 

More  or  less  pseudodichotomous,  the  moderate  branches  with  basal 
cataphyls  only,  androgynous?.  Internodes  rather  short  (2-3x15-35  mm.), 
cellular-papillate,  somewhat  rhombically  quadrangular.  Cataphyls  a  sin- 
gle nearly  basal  pair,  annular-bifid,  white-margined.  Leaves  oblance- 
olate-oblong  or  subspatulate,  mucronate  but  very  obtuse,  1-2x4-6  cm., 
cuneately  narrowed  rather  than  petioled.  Spikes  more  or  less  clustered, 
short  (10  mm.),  with  about  3  short  joints  scarcely  6-flowered  in  2,  4  or 
4-f-2  series:  peduncle  scarcely  1  mm.  long.  Fruit?. — Plate  162. 

Western  insular  region  of  Mexico. — The  type  from  Socorro. 

Specimens  examined: — MEXICO.  Socorro,  Revillagigedo  Islands  (An- 
thony, 1897 ;  Townsend,  Mar.  1899 ;  Barkelew,  177,  1903,— the  type). 

Phoradendron  gracile  n.  comb. 

Phoradendrum  quadrangulare  gracile  Krug  &  Urban,  Bot.  Jahrb.  vol.  24. 
p.  37.  1897. 

Scarcely  forked,  the  moderate  branches  with  basal  cataphyls  only, 
androgynous.  Internodes  rather  short  (1-2x25-30  mm.),  smooth,  acutely 
quadrangular.  Cataphyls  a  single  pair,  nearly  basal,  annular-bifid,  white- 


AEQUATORIALES— QUADRANGULAKES  113 

margined.  Leaves  subspatulately  oblanceolate-oblong,  subacute  to  very 
obtuse  or  slightly  emarginate,  .5-1x3-5  cm.,  attenuately  subsessile.  Spikes 
mostly  solitary,  short  (10,  lengthening  to  20  mm.),  with  about  3  short 
slender  but  somewhat  fusiform  joints  about  10-flowered  in  4-f2  series: 
peduncle  1-2  mm.  long.  Fruit  subellipsoid,  sparingly  but  evidently  low- 
warty,  3  mm.  in  diameter :  sepals  inflexed  and  closely  meeting  or  slightly 
parted.— Plate  163. 

Antillean  region. — The  type  from  Jamaica. 

Specimens  examined: — ANTILLES.  JAMAICA  (Harris,  6392,  1896, — tak- 
en as  the  type,  6384,  6400,  6544,  6585,  6661;  Hansen,  1897;  Campbell, 
6384,  6400,  1896 ;  Britton,  2991,  3283,  3668) . 

A  Jamaican  specimen  (Ball,  1882),  with  staminate  spikes  30-35  mm. 
long,  their  half-dozen  joints  somewhat  turbinately  about  20-flowered, 
may  be  known  as  var.  Ballii. — Plate  163. 

Phoradendron  microphyllum  n.  comb. 

Viscum  microphyllum  Pohl  in  de  Candolle,  Prodromus.  vol.  4.  p.  283. 

1830. 
Phoradendron  rubrum  var.  microphylla  Eichler  in  v.  Martius,  Fl.  Brasil. 

vol.  5.  pt.  2.  p.  120.  1868. 

More  or  less  pseudodichotomous,  the  moderate  branches  with  basal 
cataphyls  only,  androgynous  ?.  Internodes  rather  short  ( 1-2x20-40  mm. ) , 
smooth,  rather  rhombically  4-sided  becoming  terete.  Cataphyls  a  single 
pair,  nearly  basal  or  as  much  as  5  mm.  above  the  base,  short  and  spread- 
ing. Leaves  oblanceolate-spatulate,  mucronately  rather  obtuse,  .3-.7x 
2.5-4  cm.,  slenderly  attenuate  at  base.  Spikes  solitary,  short  (scarcely  10, 
lengthening  to  30  mm.),  with  about  3  slender  joints  scarcely  10-flowered 
in  4-J-2  series:  peduncle  2-5  mm.  long.  Fruit  rather  ellipsoid,  smooth. 
3x4  mm. :  sepals  closely  inflexed. — Plate  164. 

Brazilian  region. — The  type  from  Tingua. 

Specimens  examined: — BRAZIL.  Tingua  (Pohl,  245,  4583 — the  type 
of  V.  microphyllum).  Rio  de  Janeiro  (Glaziou,  2598,  8728).  Alagoas 
(Gardner,  1324,  1325, — from  which  the  fruit  is  described). 

PHORADENDRON  AFFINE  Nuttall. 

Phoradendron  affine  Nuttall,  Journ.  Philad.  Acad.  n.  s.  vol.  1.  p.  185. 

1847. 
Viscum  affine  Pohl  in  de  Candolle,  Prodromus.  vol.  4.  p.  281.   1830. 

Somewhat  pseudodichotomous,  the  moderate  branches  with  basal  cata- 
phyls only,  androgynous?.  Internodes  moderate  (2x30-50  mm.),  smooth, 
acutely  quadrangular  above.  Cataphyls  a  single  pair  toward  the  base, 


114  THE  GENUS  PHOEADENDEON 

blunt  and  spreading,  white-margined.  Leaves  oblanceolate-spatulate, 
very  obtuse,  .5-1x2-4  cm.,  cuneately  subsessile.  Spikes  more  or  less  clus- 
tered, moderate  (20-30  mm.),  with  about  3  elongated  slender  joints  6- 
to  10-flowered  in  4-f  2  series :  peduncle  5  mm.  long.  Fruit  orange-red, 
globose,  smooth,  4  mm.  in  diameter :  sepals  closely  inflexed. — Plate  165. 

Brazilian  region. — The  type  from  S.  Joao  Baptista. 

Specimens  examined: — BRAZIL.  S.  Joao  Baptista  (PoJil,  544,  1828,— 
the  type  of  V.  affine).  Minas  Geraes  (v.  Martins}.  Lagoa  Santa  (Warm- 
ing}. Ilha  Marajo,  Para  (Huber,  469}.  Mattogrosso  (Kunize;  Moore, 
954).  Barrhina,  Bahia  (Rose  &  Russell,  19799}. 

Phoradendron  Martianum  n.  sp. 

Phoradendron  rubrum  Eichler  in  v.  Martius,  Fl.  Brasil.  vol.  5.  pt.  2. 
p.  120,  as  to  the  plant  depicted  on  pl^38.  f .  2.  1868. 

Somewhat  pseudodichotomous,  the  rather  long  branches  with  basal 
cataphyls  only,  androgynous.  Internodes  moderate  (2-5x20-50  mm.), 
smooth,  acutely  quadrangular.  Cataphyls  a  single  pair  toward  the  base, 
blunt,  white-margined.  Leaves  shortly  elliptical  or  somewhat  obovate, 
very  obtuse,  1.5-2x3.5-4  cm.,  cuneately  subsessile.  Spikes  mostly  solitary, 
moderate  (15,  becoming  35  mm.),  with  about  3  oblong  joints  some  10-  to 
18-flowered  in  4+2  series:  peduncle  3-5  mm.  long.  Fruit  red,  subglo- 
bose,  essentially  smooth,  3  mm.  in  diameter:  sepals  closely  inflexed. — 
Plate  166. 

Brazilian  region. — The  type  from  Alagoas. 

Specimens  examined: — BRAZIL.  Alagoas  (Gardner,  1321 — the  type, 
1323}.  Piauhy  (Gardner,  2 619}.  Ceara  (Gardner,  1673, 1674}.  Rio  de 
Janeiro  (Gaudichaud,  567,  1833;  Glaziou,  259S,  8728,  14887  in  part; 
ScJienck,  3902}.  Without  locality  (f  Gardner,  1028;  Guillemin,  185; 
Weddell,  1594,1858). 

Phoradendron  Gaumeri  n.  sp. 

Pseudodichotomous,  the  rather  long  branches  with  basal  cataphyls 
only,  androgynous?.  Internodes  moderate  (2-3x20-50  mm.),  smooth, 
acutely  quadrangular.  Cataphyls  a  single  nearly  basal  pair,  blunt,  white- 
margined.  Leaves  subelliptical-obovate,  more  or  less  mucronately  obtuse, 
about  1x2.5-3  cm.,  cuneately  subsessile.  Spikes  mostly  clustered,  mod- 
erate (20-30  or  even  40  mm.),  with  about  3  elongated  joints  some  12-  to 
18-flowered  in  mostly  4-J-2  series:  peduncle  1-2  mm.  long.  Fruit?.— 
Plate  167. 

Yucatecan  region. — The  type  from  Yucatan. 

Specimens  examined: — MEXICO.  Izamal,  Yucatan  (Gaumer,  561,  1895, 
in  part, — the  type) . 


AEQUATOBIALES— QUADBANGULABES  115 

Phoradendron  tamaulipense  n.  sp. 

More  or  less  pseudodichotomous,  the  moderate  branches  with  basal 
cataphyls  only,  androgynous?.  Internodes  moderate  (2-5x30-50  mm.), 
smooth,  acutely  quadrangular,  somewhat  ancipitally  compressed  above. 
Cataphyls  a  single  basal  pair,  annular.  Leaves  elliptical-obovate,  more 
or  less  mucronately  obtuse,  1-2x3.5-5  cm.,  cuneately  subsessile.  Spikes 
mostly  solitary,  at  length  rather  long  (15-20,  becoming  50  mm.),  with  3-5 
elongated  joints  some  6-  to  12-flowered  in  4  or  4+2  series :  peduncle  3-10 
mm.  long,  when  short  usually  followed  by  a  partly  florif erous  joint.  Fruit 
red,  globose,  smooth,  4  mm.  in  diameter:  sepals  closely  inflexed. — Plate 
167. 

Eastern  Sierra  Madre  and  Cordillera  of  Mexico. — The  type  from 
Alvarado. 

Specimens  examined: — MEXICO.  Victoria  (Palmer,  21,  1907).  Tam- 
pico  (Palmer,  81,  221).  Alvarado  (Seler,  422,  4484— the  type).  Orizaba 
(Mueller,  1570).  Zacuapam  (Purpus,  6280).  Fortin  (Kerber,  1990). 
Without  locality  (?.  Karwinski,  1844).  Caxamatle  (Wawra,  567).  Jaya- 
catlan,  Oaxaca  (  ?  Smith,  360). 

Phoradendron  zacapanum.  n.  sp. 

More  or  less  pseudodichotomous  or  verticillately  branched,  the  rather 
long  branches  with  basal  cataphyls  only,  androgynous  ?.  Internodes  mod- 
erate (3x30-60  mm.),  acutely  4-angled.  Cataphyls  a  single  basal  pair, 
annular,  white-margined.  Leaves  obovate  to  oblanceolate-oblong,  very 
obtuse  or  somewhat  emarginate,  2-3.5x5-7.5  cm.,  cuneately  subsessile. 
Spikes  mostly  solitary,  moderate  (20-30  or  40  mm.),  with  about  4  elon- 
gated rather  fusiform  joints  some  10-  to  18-flowered  in  4+2  series: 
peduncle  3-5  mm.  long.  Fruit  (immature)  subglobose,  smooth:  sepals 
closely  inflexed. — Plate  168. 

Guatemalan  region. — The  type  from  Gualan. 

Specimens  examined: — GUATEMALA.  Gualan,  Zacapa  (Kellerman, 
5604,  Dec.  30,  1906,  5612— the  type,  5728,  5972).  Without  locality 
( ?  FriedrichstJial,  1625). 

32.      E  MARGIN  AT  AE. 

Leaves  broad  or  small,  usually  rather  papery,  basinerved,  but  mostly 
with  prominent  midrib  beneath.  Shoots  ancipital  or  acutely  quadrate, 
mostly  papillate.  Cataphyls  a  single  pair,  on  the  basal  joint  only.  Flow- 
ers in  2,  4  or  4+2  series.  Fruit  warty,  the  sepals  usually  parted.  South 
America:  one  species  in  Yucatan  and  one  in  the  West  Indies. 


116  THE  GENUS  PHORADENDKON 

Spikes  3-  or  more  jointed :  leaves  mostly  drying  papery. 

Shoots  4- winged:  fruit  large  (4  mm.).  P.  Lyoni. 

Shoots  rhombically  ancipital  or  4-lined. 
Leaves  obovate. 

Rather  large  (fully  2x3  cm.),  and  firm,  emarginate. 

P.  emarginatum. 
Smaller  (scarcely  1.5x2.5  cm.). 

Blunt  or  emarginate.  P.  minor. 

Often  mucronate. 

Shoots  little  dilated. 

Leaves  very  small  (under  1  cm.). 

P.  obovatifolium. 
Leaves  larger. 

Suborbicular.  P.  mucronatum. 

Cuneate-obovate.  P.  yucatanum. 

Shoots  much  flattened.  P.  Ottonis. 

Leaves  oblanceolate-obovate.  P.  Degenianum. 

Spikes  1-  or  2-jointed. 

Leaves  long-cuneate.  P.  cuneifolium. 

Leaves  obovate  or  elliptical. 

Rather  papery:  shoots  slender.  P.  cearense. 

Rather  fleshy :  shoots  stout.  P.  caracasanum. 

Phoradendron  Lyoni  n.  sp. 

Divaricately  pseudodichotomous,  the  long  stout  branches  with  basal 
cataphyls  only,  androgynous?.  Internodes  moderate  (3-4x20-50  mm.), 
papillately  roughened,  acutely  quadrangular  or  winged.  Cataphyls  a 
single  pair,  nearly  basal,  bifid.  Leaves  elliptical-obovate,  very  obtuse  to 
subacute  or  mucronate,  1.5-2.5x3-5  cm.,  cuneately  wide-based  for  about 
5  mm.  Spikes  mostly  solitary,  short  (in  fruit  15-20  mm.),  with  about 
4  short  2-  to  4-flowered  joints:  peduncle  suppressed:  scales  ovate,  cili- 
olate.  Fruit  red,  globose,  4  mm.  in  diameter,  verrucose :  sepals  suberect. 
—Plate  169. 

Venezuelan  region. — The  type  from  Venezuela. 

Specimens  examined: — VENEZUELA.  San  Julian  (M.  W.  Lyon,  Jr., 
July  18,  1900, — the  type  in  the  U.  S.  National  'Herbarium :  Robinson  & 
Lyon,  July  18,  1900).  Las  Trincheras  (Warming,  1891-2). 

PHORADENDRON  EMARGINATUM  Eichler. 

Plioradendron  emarginatum  Eichler  in  v.  Martius,  PI.  Brasil.  vol.  5. 
pt.  2.  p.  118.  pi.  38.  1868. 

More  or  less  pseudodichotomous,  the  rather  long  branches  with  basal 
cataphyls  only,  androgynous.  Internodes  moderate  (2-3x30-50  mm.). 
papillately  roughened,  acutely  4-angled.  Cataphyls  a  single  nearly  basal 


AEQUATORIALES— EMARGINATAE  117 

pair  or  a  second  pair  exceptionally  present,  bifid.  Leaves  obovate,  more 
or  less  mucronately  emarginate,  2-3x3-5  cm.,  cuneately  subpetioled  for 
about  5  mm.  Spikes  mostly  clustered,  moderate,  (30  mm.  in  fruit),  with 
4  or  5  joints  4-  or  6-flowered  in  4  or  4+2  series :  peduncle  scarcely  2  mm. 
long:  scales  ciliate.  Fruit  ovoid,  3x4  mm.,  verrucose:  sepals  suberect. — 
Plate  170. 

Brazilian  region. — The  type  from  Minas  Geraes. 

Specimens  examined: — BRAZIL.  Minas  Geraes  (Claussen,  252,  1839, 
—taken  as  type).  Piauhy  (v.  Martins).  Without  locality  (Claussen, 
113).  Rio  de  Janeiro  ( Glaziou,  9861, 14887) .  Ceara  ( Gardner,  1670-1 ) . 
Joazeiro,  Bahia  (Rose  &  Russell,  19751).  BOLIVIA.  Velasco  (Kuntze, 
19) .  Sierra  de  Sta.  Cruz  (Kuntze,  18) . 

Phoradendron  minor  n.  comb. 

Phoradendron  emarginatum  minor  Eichler  in  v.  Martius,  Fl.  Brasil.  vol. 
5.  pt.  2.  p.  119.  1868. 

More  or  less  pseudodichotomous,  the  short  branches  with  basal  cata- 
phyls  only,  androgynous?.  Internodes  short  (2x10-25  mm.),  nearly 
smooth,  slightly  4-winged.  Cataphyls  a  single  pair,  basal,  deeply  notched. 
Leaves  ovate  or  suborbicular,  mucronately  very  obtuse  or  mostly  emar- 
ginate, 1-1.5x1.5-2.5  cm.,  rather  abruptly  subpetioled  for  2  mm.  Spikes 
short,  with  about  4  subglobose  joints  subverticillately  about  4-flowered: 
peduncle  very  short :  scales  ciliolate.  Fruit  ?. — Plate  172. 

Brazilian  region. — The  type  from  Piauhy. 

Specimens  examined: — BRAZIL.  Piauhy  (v.  Martius, — the  type  of 
P.  emarginatum  minor). 

PHORADENDRON  OBOVATIFOLJUM  Morong. 

Phoradendron  obovatifolium  Morong,  Ann.  N.  Y.  Acad.  Sci.  vol.  7.  p.  216. 
1892. 

Pseudodichotomous,  the  rather  short  and  slender  branches  with  basal 
cataphyls  only,  androgynous.  Internodes  short  (1-2x10-20  mm.),  nearly 
smooth,  acutely  4-angled,  slightly  flattened  upwards.  Cataphyls  a  single 
pair,  nearly  basal,  notched.  Leaves  obovate,  mucronately  very  obtuse  or 
emarginate,  .5-2x1-2.5  cm.,  rather  abruptly  subpetioled  for  3  mm.  Spikes 
solitary,  short  (8-15  mm.),  with  about  4  slender  joints  subverticillately 
4-  to  6-flowered  above  the  middle :  peduncle  1  mm.  long :  scales  ciliolate. 
Fruit  ovoid,  2  mm.  long,  verrucose:  sepals  suberect. — Plate  171. 

Brazilian  region  (  ?  exclusively)  on  Piptadenia. — The  type  from  Para- 
guay. 

Specimens  examined: — PARAGUAY.  Gran  Chaco,  opposite  Asuncion 
(Morong,  1582, — the  type).  Rio  Pilcomayo  (Hassler,  298).  Rio  Apa  to 
Rio  Aquidaban  (Fiebrig,  32,  4981). 


118  THE  GENUS  PHOEADENDEON 

PHORADENDRON  MUCRONATUM  (Krug  &  Urban). 

PJwradendrum  mucronatum  Krug  &  Urban,  Bot.  Jahrb.  vol.  24.  p.  34. 

1897. 
Viscum  mucronatum  de  Candolle,  Prodromus.  vol.  4.  p.  282.   1830. 

More  or  less  pseudodichotomous,  the  moderate  branches  with  basal 
cataphyls  only,  androgynous.  Internodes  short  (2x10-20  mm.),  papil- 
lately  roughened,  acutely  4-angled,  slightly  flattened  upwards.  Cata- 
phyls a  single  pair,  nearly  basal,  notched.  Leaves  suborbicular  or  ob- 
ovate,  more  or  less  mucronately  very  obtuse  or  emarginate,  1-2x1.5-3  cm., 
rather  abruptly  petioled  for  1-2  mm.  Spikes  more  or  less  clustered,  short 
(5-10  mm.),  with  about  3  short  4-  to  6-flowered  joints:  peduncle  very 
short :  scales  ciliolate.  Fruit  round-ovoid,  3-4  mm.  long,  verrucose :  sepals 
erect.— Plate  172. 

Antillean  and  Caribbean  regions^on  Croton,  Psidium,  etc. — The  type 
from  Santo  Domingo. 

Specimens  examined: — ANTILLES.  SANTO  DOMINGO  (Bertero, — the 
type  of  V.  mucronatum;  Varamel,  1851 ;  Fuertes,  240, 1175, 1393}.  HAITI 
(Buck,  319;  Nash,  98}.  JAMAICA  (I  Pur  die, — with  sessile  ovate  obtuse 
leaves  4x6  cm.).  CARIBBEES.  GUADELOUPE  (Duss,  4156}.  MARTINIQUE 
(Duss,  100;  Hahn,  296,  1383,  1385}. 

Phoradendron  yucatanum  n.  sp. 

Scarcely  forked,  the  moderate  branches  with  basal  cataphyls  only, 
androgynous?.  Internodes  short  (2x10-30  mm.),  somewhat  velvety-papil- 
late, ancipital  or  somewhat  quadrately  angled,  slightly  widened  upwards. 
Cataphyls  a  single  pair,  nearly  basal,  bifid.  Leaves  cuneately  obovate  to 
suborbicular,  mucronately  very  obtuse  to  emarginate,  1-1.5x1.5-2.5  cm., 
scarcely  petioled.  Spikes  solitary,  short,  (5-10  mm.),  with  about  3  sub- 
globose  verticillately  4-flowered  joints :  peduncle  1  mm.  long :  scales  cili- 
olate. Fruit  (immature)  subglobose,  scarcely  2  mm.  in  diameter,  ver- 
rucose :  sepals  erect. — Plate  173. 

Yucatecan  region. — The  type  from  Yucatan. 

Specimens  examined: — MEXICO.  Yucatan,  without  other  data  (Gau- 
mer,  561  in  part,  1895, — the  type,  in  the  herbarium  of  the  Field  Mu- 
seum). 

PHORADENDRON  OTTONIS  Eichler. 

Plioradendron  Ottonis  Eichler  in  v.  Martius,  Fl.  Brasil.  v.  5.  pt.  2.  p.  119. 
1868. 

Pseudodichotomous,  the  moderate  branches  with  basal  cataphyls  only, 
androgynous?.  Internodes  short  (2x15-25  mm.),  nearly  smooth,  little 
quadrate,  ancipitally  dilated  to  a  width  of  5-7  mm.  below  the  nodes. 


AEQUATORIALES— EMABGINATAE  119 

Cataphyls  a  single  pair,  basal,  tubular-bifid.  Leaves  round-obovate,  mu- 
cronately  obtuse  to  subacute,  l-l.5xl.5-2  cm.,  euneately  subpetioled  for 
1-2  mm.  Spikes  solitary,  short  (10-15  mm.),  with  about  3  short  4-flow- 
ered  joints:  peduncle  1-2  mm.  long:  scales  scarcely  ciliate.  Fruit  (im- 
mature) subglobose,  2  mm.  in  diameter,  verrucose :  sepals  nearly  or  quite 
meeting. — Plate  173. 

Venezuelan  region. — The  type  from  Venezuela. 

Specimens  examined: — VENEZUELA.  Orituco  (Otto,  565,  Feb.  22, 1840, 
— the  type).  Cumana  (Funcko,  295;  Herb.  Le  Jolis.,  1870).  Locality? 
(Eggers,  13335). 

Phoradendron  Degenianum  n.  sp. 

More  or  less  pseudodichotomous  or  verticillate,  the  moderate  branches 
with  basal  cataphyls  only,  androgynous?.  Internodes  rather  short  (2x 
20-40  mm.),  papillately  roughened,  acutely  quadrangular,  somewhat  com- 
pressed upwards.  Cataphyls  a  single  pair,  nearly  basal,  deeply  notched. 
Leaves  oblanceolate-obovate,  mucronately  subacute  to  very  obtuse  or 
emarginate,  1.5-2x3-4.5  cm.,  euneately  slender-petioled  for  5-10  mm. 
Spikes  solitary,  short  (10,  lengthening  to  15  or  20  mm.),  with  3-5  rather 
slender  joints  clavately  some  4-flowered  about  the  middle :  peduncle  1-2 
mm.  long:  scales  ciliolate.  Fruit  subglobose,  3  mm.  in  diameter,  verru- 
cose :  sepals  ascending,  scarcely  meeting. — Plate  174. 

Venezuelan-Isthmian  region. — The  type  from  Colombia. 

Specimens  examined: — COLOMBIA.  Sta.  Marta  (H.  H.  Smith,  1282, 
1285 — the  type) . 

PHORADENDRON  CUNEIFOLIUM  (Urban). 

Phoradendrum  cuneifolium  Urban,  Bot.  Jahrb.  v.  23.  Beibl.  57.  p.  5.  1897. 

More  or  less  pseudodichotomous,  the  slender  branches  with  basal  cata- 
phyls only,  androgynous.  Internodes  short  (1-2x10-20  mm.),  papillately 
roughened,  rhombically  quadrangular.  Cataphyls  a  single  pair,  nearly 
basal,  bifid.  Leaves  inversely  triangular,  more  or  less  mucronately  very 
obtuse  to  truncate  or  emarginate,  1-1.5x2-4  cm.,  gradually  cuneate  to  the 
slender  base  rather  than  petioled.  Spikes  mostly  solitary,  very  short 
(scarcely  5  mm.),  with  a  single  fertile  6-flowered  joint:  peduncle  almost 
suppressed.  Fruit  subglobose,  3-4  mm.  in  diameter,  sparingly  low-verru- 
cose :  sepals  erect. — Plate  174. 

Venezuelan  region. — The  type  from  Venezuela. 

Specimens  examined :— VENEZUELA.  Tovar  (Fendler,  1115,— the 
type). 

PHORADENDRON  CEARENSE  Eichler. 

Phoradendron  cearense  Eichler  in  v.  Martius,  Fl.  Brasil.  v.  5.  pt.  2.  p. 
118.  1868. 


120  THE  GENUS  PHOEADENDEON 

Pseudodichotomous,  the  slender  branches  with  basal  cataphyls  only, 
androgynous.  Internodes  moderate  (1-3x30-40  mm.),  somewhat  papil- 
lately  roughened,  acutely  4-angled,  the  upper  rhombic.  Cataphyls  a  sin- 
gle pair,  nearly  basal,  bifid.  Leaves  elliptical-obovate,  more  or  less  mu- 
cronately  obtuse  or  emarginate,  2-3x5-7  cm.,  cuneately  subpetioled  for 
scarcely  5  mm.  Spikes  often  clustered,  very  short  (5-10  mm.) ,  with  about 
2  joints  4-  to  6-flowered:  peduncle  1-2  mm.  long:  scales  ciliate.  Fruit 
ovoid,  3  mm.  long,  somewhat  verrucose :  sepals  scarcely  meeting. — Plate 
176. 

Brazilian  region. — The  type  from  Ceara. 

Specimens  examined: — BRAZIL.    Ceara  (Gardner,  1675, — the  type). 

With  shorter  internodes  (10-20  mm.  long),  and  rather  thick  more 
often  obovate  and  emarginate  leaves,  it  is  var.  minor  Eichler,  I.  c.,  from 
the  same  region  (Gardner,  1669}. — P^ate  175. 

PHORADENDRON  CARACASANUM  (Urban). 

Phoradendrum  caracasanum  Urban,  Bot.  Jahrb.  v.  23.  Beibl.  57.  p.  4. 
1897. 

Divaricately  branched  and  pseudodichotomous,  the  rather  stout 
branches  with  basal  cataphyls  only,  androgynous?.  Internodes  rather 
short  (2-3x15-40  mm.),  very  minutely  papillate,  rhombically  ancipital  or 
acutely  4-angled  or  4-winged.  Cataphyls  a  single  pair,  nearly  basal, 
bifid.  Leaves  obovate,  very  obtuse,  1.5-2.5x3-3.5  cm.,  cuneately  subpetioled 
for  about  5  mm.,  fleshy  for  the  group  and  scarcely  veined.  Spikes  sol- 
itary, very  short  (5  mm.),  with  a  single  4-  or  6-flowered  joint:  peduncle 
nearly  suppressed.  Fruit  globose,  5  mm.  in  diameter,  verrucose:  sepals 
inflexed. — Plate  176. 

Venezuelan  region. — The  type  from  Venezuela. 

Specimens  examined : — VENEZUELA.  Between  Macqueria  and  Caracas 
(Gollmer,  Feb.  2,  1855,— the  type). 

33.     ARGENTINAE. 

Leaves  small,  rather  coriaceous  and  usually  sharply  nerved  from  the 
base.  Shoots  at  first  ancipital,  rhombic,  or  square,  papillate.  Cataphyls 
1  or  exceptionally  2  pairs,  on  the  basal  joint  only.  Flowers  in  4  or  4-f  2 
series.  Fruit  subovoid,  somewhat  rough,  with  erect  sepals.  Bolivian  and 
southern  Andean  regions. 

Leaves  broad  for  the  group  (1-2  cm.).  P.  argentinum. 
Leaves  narrow  (under  1  cm.). 

Rather  oblanceolate :  spikes  very  short.  P.  Meliae. 

Lanceolate:  spikes  long  for  the  group.  P.  Ernstianum. 


AEQUATORIALES— ABGENTINAE  121 

PHORADENDRON  ARGENTINUM  (Urban). 

Phoradendrum  argentinum  Urban,  Bot.  Jahrb.  vol.  23.  Beibl.  57.  p.  14. 
1897. 

Scarcely  forked,  the  moderate  branches  with  basal  cataphyls  only, 
androgynous.  Internodes  rather  short  (2-5x10-40  mm.),  smooth,  the  up- 
per rhombically  quadrangular.  Cataphyls  a  nearly  basal  pair,  occasion- 
ally followed  by  a  second,  spreading.  Leaves  elliptical  or  oblanceolate- 
obovate,  sometimes  rather  quadrate,  obtuse,  1-2x2.5-5  cm.,  finely  about 
3-nerved  and  veiny,  cuneately  subsessile.  Spikes  mostly  solitary,  short 
(15  mm.),  with  about  4  rounded  joints  some  6-flowered  in  4-J-2  series: 
peduncle  nearly  suppressed:  scales  ciliolate.  Fruit  round-ovoid,  4  mm. 
in  diameter,  cellular-papillate  or  tuberculate:  sepals  erect,  parted. — j 
Plate  177. 

Bolivian  region,  on  Ruprechtia  etc. — The  type  from  Argentina. 

Specimens  examined: — ARGENTINA.  Chacarita  de  los  Padres,  Cata- 
marca  (Hieronymus,  419,  Nov.  1872, — the  type).  San  Lorenzo,  Jujui 
(Hieronymus  &  Lorentz,  237).  Sierra  de  Cordoba  (Stuckert,  20252). 

Phoradendron  Meliae  n.  sp. 

More  or  less  pseudodichotomous,  the  moderate  branches  with  basal 
eataphyls  only,  androgynous?.  Internodes  short  (2-4x10-20  mm.),  papil- 
late, the  upper  rhombically  ancipital  or  squarish.  Cataphyls  a  nearly 
basal  pair,  sometimes  followed  by  a  second  some  5  mm.  higher.  Leaves 
lanceolate  to  obovate-oblanceolate,  rather  mucronately  acute,  .5-1x2-3.5 
cm.,  usually  3-nerved,  cuneately  subsessile.  Spikes  mostly  solitary,  short 
(scarcely  10  mm.),  with  2  or  3  very  short  joints  some  4-  to  6-flowered 
in  4  or  4-J-2  series :  peduncle  nearly  suppressed :  scales  subciliate.  Fruit 
(immature)  red,  round-ovoid,  verrucose,  2-3  mm.  in  diameter:  sepals 
suberect  and  parted.— Plate  178. 

Bolivian  region,  on  Melia,  Larrea  etc. — The  type  from  Paraguay. 

Specimens  examined: — PARAGUAY.  Asuncion  (Balansa,  2495,  May 
1874,  on  Melia, — the  type).  BOLIVIA.  Velasco  (Kuntze,  6).  ARGENTINA. 
Estancia  San  Teodoro,  Cordoba  (Stuckert,  ?  11778,  13337,  20248).  Cruz 
del  Eje,  Cordoba  (Stuckert,  14526). 

PHORADENDRON  ERNSTIANUM  Patschovsky. 

Plwradendron  Ernstianum  Patschovsky,  Bot.  Jahrb.  vol.  45.  p.  439.  1911. 
Somewhat  pseudodichotomous,  the  moderate  branches  with  basal  cata- 
phyls only,  androgynous.  Internodes  rather  short  (1-2x15-30  mm.),  min- 
utely papillate,  the  upper  rhombically  4-angled.  Cataphyls  a  single  pair, 
nearly  basal.  Leaves  lanceolate,  acute,  scarcely  .5x3  cm.,  3-nerved,  cune- 


122  THE  GENUS  PHOEADENDEON 

ately  subsessile.  Spikes  mostly  solitary,  short  (10-25  mm.),  with  3-5 
rounded  joints  about  6-flowered  in  4+2  series:  peduncle  nearly  sup- 
pressed: scales  scarcely  ciliate.  Fruit  subglobose,  granular,  scarcely 
3  mm.  in  diameter :  sepals  erect,  parted. — Plate  177. 

Andean  region. — The  type  from  Peru. 

Specimens  examined: — PERU.  Balsas  to  Calendin,  Cajamarca  (Web- 
erbauer,  4251, — the  type). 

34.     LIGAE. 

Leaves  moderate  or  small,  sharply  basinerved  though  rather  thick. 
Shoots  at  first  somewhat  rhombically  flattened.     Cataphyls  1  or  mostly 
2  pairs,  on  the  basal  joint  only.    Flowers  usually  in  4+2  series.    Fruit 
somewhat  papillate,  usually  with  nearly  closed  sepals.    Bolivian  region. 
Leaves  narrow  (under  10  mm.). 

Short  (scarcely  40  mm.)  :  sepals  parted.  P.  pruinosum. 

Moderately  long  (40-60  mm.)  :  sepals  meeting.  P.  Liga. 

Leaves  broad  (20  mm.  or  more).  P.  Hieronymi. 

PHOBADENDRON  PRUINOSUM  (Urban). 

Phoradendrum  pruinosum  Urban,  Bot.  Jahrb.  vol.  23.  Beibl.  57.  p.  14. 
1897. 

Scarcely  forked,  the  moderate  branches  with  basal  cataphyls  only, 
androgynous.  Internodes  rather  short  (2  or  3x6-15  mm.),  smooth,  at 
first  rather  ancipitally  flattened.  Cataphyls  a  single  pair,  nearly  basal, 
pale-margined.  Leaves  elliptical-oblong,  mucronately  subacute,  .5-.8x 
2.5-4  cm.,  more  or  less  evidently  3-nerved,  cuneately  subsessile.  Spikes 
mostly  solitary,  short  (about  10  mm.),  with  2-4  joints  2-flowered  to  about 
6-flowered  in  4+2  series:  peduncle  nearly  suppressed:  scales  scarcely 
ciliate.  Fruit  round-ovoid,  nearly  smooth,  3x4  mm. :  sepals  erect. — Plate 
178. 

Bolivian  region  ( ?  exclusively)  on  Leguminosae. — The  type  from 
Argentina. 

Specimens  examined : — ARGENTINA.  Catamarca  (Lorentz,  382,  688, — 
the  type).  Rioja  (Hieronymus  &  Niederlein,  165). 

PHORADENDRON  LIGA  Eichler. 

Phoradendron  Liga  Eichler  in  v.  Martius,  Fl.  Brasil.  vol.  5.  pt.  2.  p. 

134m.    1868. 

PTioradendrum  Liga  Urban,  Bot.  Jahrb.  vol.  23.  Beibl.  57.  p.  15.   1897. 
Viscum  Liga  Gillies:  Hooker  &  Arnott,  in  Hooker,  Bot.  Miscell.  vol.  3. 

p.  355.  1833. 


AEQUATORIALES— LIGAE  123 

More  or  less  pseudodichotomous,  the  rather  long  very  slender  branches 
with  basal  cataphyls  only,  androgynous.  Internodes  moderate  (1-2x25-60 
mm.),  smooth,  at  first  rhombic  but  soon  terete.  Cataphyls  a  single  pair 
toward  the  base,  or  2  pairs  some  10  mm.  apart,  scarious-margined.  Leaves 
more  or  less  falcately  oblong  to  narrowly  lanceolate,  mucronately  acute, 
.5-1x4-6  cm.,  3-  to  5-nerved,  gradually  attenuate  at  base  for  about  5  mm. 
rather  than  petioled.  Spikes  mostly  solitary,  moderate  (20,  becoming 
30  mm.),  with  about  4  slender  joints  some  10-  to  18-flowered  in  4-J-2 
series :  peduncle  about  5  mm.  long :  scales  acute,  scarious-margined,  little 
ciliate.  Fruit  red,  subglobose,  minutely  cellular-papillate,  4  mm.  in 
diameter :  sepals  closely  inflexed. — Plates  179,  180. 

Bolivian  region. — The  type  from  Argentina. 

Specimens  examined : — ARGENTINA.  Los  Cerillos  de  S.  Juan  ( Gillies, 
— the  type  of  V.  Liga).  Cordoba  (Lorentz,  395,  431,  471,  478;  Hierony- 
mus,  729;  Kurtz,  8434).  S.  Jose  (Lorentz  &  Hieronymus,  219}.  Colonia 
Benites  (Stuckert,  16437}.  Bellarita  Corrientes  (Stuckert,  14569).  Cha- 
carita  de  los  Padres  (Lorentz  &  Hieronymus,  420).  Fuerte  (Lorentz, 
344).  Catamarca  (Kurtz,  6772).  PARAGUAY.  Sta.  Elisa,  Gran  Chaco 
(Eojas,  2732;  Hassler,  2732).  Concepcion  (Hassler,  7551).  Asuncion 
(Balansa,  2496).  Yaguaron  (Balansa,  3218).  Central  Paraguay  (  f  M o- 
rong,  618).  BOLIVIA.  S.  Pablo  (Kuntze,  5). 

Phoradendron  Hieronymi  n.  sp. 

More  or  less  pseudodichotomous,  the  moderate  branches  with  basal 
cataphyls  only,  androgynous?.  Internodes  rather  short  (2-3x20-40  mm.), 
smooth,  somewhat  compressed  or  ancipital.  Catapbyls  usually  a  basal 
pair  and  a  second  pair  some  5  mm.  higher,  ciliate.  Leaves  more  or  less 
obliquely  elliptical  to  obovate,  obtuse,  2-3x4-6  cm.,  distinctly  5-  or  7- 
nerved,  cuneately  subpetioled  for  about  5  mm.  Spikes  mostly  solitary, 
rather  short  (15-20  or  25  mm.),  with  about  3  oblong  joints  some  8-  to 
12-flowered  in  4  or  4+2  series :  peduncle  scarcely  5  mm.  long,  often  with 
about  2  pairs  of  scales.  Fruit  subglobose,  minutely  cellular-papillate, 
3  mm.  in  diameter :  sepals  closely  inflexed  but  not  meeting. — Plate  180. 

Bolivian  region. — The  type  from  Argentina. 

Specimens  examined: — ARGENTINA.  Chacarita  de  los  Padres,  Cata- 
marca (Hieronymus,  421,  1872. — the  type).  Sierra  Chica  de  Cordoba 
(Lorentz,  432).  Cruz  del  Eje,  Cordoba  (Stuckert,  13363).  Fuerte  (Lor- 
entz, 36 4).  Calera  (Lorentz,  468).  Catamarca  (Hieronymus,  Nov.  1873). 
Guasopampa  (Kurtz,  6783).  Tucuman  (LUlo,  20256). 


124  THE  GENUS  PHOEADENDEON 

35.     ENSIFOLIAE. 

Leaves  long  or  very  narrow,  rather  heavy,  basinerved.  Shoots  rather 
quickly  terete.  Cataphyls  1-4  pairs,  on  the  basal  joint  only.  Flowers 
mostly  in  6  series.  Fruit  subglobose,  smooth  or  wrinkled,  with  inflexed 
sepals.  Brazil. 

Leaves  very  narrow,  linear,  widened  upwards.  P.  linearifolium. 

Leaves  oblanceolate. 

Narrow  (5-20  mm.),  tapered  upwards.  P.  ensifolium. 

Broad  (20-40  mm.),  broadest  above  the  middle. 

P.  lanceolato-ellipticum. 

PHORADENDRON  LiNEApFOLiuM  Eichler. 

Phoradendron  linearifolium  Eichler  in  v.  Martius,  Fl.  Brazil,  vol.  5  pt.  2. 
p.  115.  pi.  36.  1868. 

Frequently  pseudodichotomous,  the  long  branches  with  basal  cata- 
phyls  only,  or  seemingly  forked  and  then  with  cataphyls  on  all  joints, 
dioecious.  Internodes  long  and  slender  (1-2x50-100  mm.),  smooth,  quickly 
terete,  swollen  above.  Cataphyls  a  single  pair,  nearly  basal  or  as  much 
as  10  or  15  mm.  above  the  base,  or  2-4  often  very  irregularly  spaced  pairs. 
Leaves  linear-spatulate,  very  obtuse  to  emarginate  or  truncate,  .2-.3  or 
.6x10  to  16  cm.,  gradually  attenuate  to  the  base.  Spikes  often  clustered, 
moderate  (10-15,  lengthening  to  30  mm.),  with  2  or  3  slender  joints  some 
6-flowered  in  4  or  4+2  series  when  pistillate  and  as  much  as  50-flowered 
in  6  series  when  staminate :  peduncle  scarcely  1  mm.  long,  followed  by  a 
longer  nearly  or  quite  sterile  joint.  Fruit  subglobose,  2-3  mm.  in  diam- 
eter, somewhat  rugosely  low-granular:  sepals  not  meeting. — Plate  181. 

Brazilian  region. — The  type  from  Rio  de  Janeiro. 

Specimens  examined: — BRAZIL.  Rio  de  Janeiro  (Riedel,  the  type; 
Glaziou,  9468, 12032-3, 13926, 19419;  Vie,  4938) .  Organ  Mts.  (Burchell, 
2129). 

PHORADENDRON  ENSIFOLIUM  Eichler. 

Phoradendron  ensifolium  Eichler  in  v.  Martius,  Fl.  Brazil,  vol.  5.  pt.  2. 

p.  114.  pi.  35.  1868. 
Viscum  ensifolium  Pohl  in  de  Candolle,  Prodromus.  vol.  4.  p.  281.  1830. 

Somewhat  pseudodichotomous,  the  long  branches  with  basal  cataphyls 
only,  dioecious.  Internodes  long  and  slender  (2-3x50-100  mm.  or  more), 
smooth,  quickly  terete.  Cataphyls  a  nearly  basal  pair  with  usually  a 
second  pair  some  10  mm.  higher.  Leaves  lanceolate,  obtuse,  1.5-2.5x20-30 
em.,  very  long-attenuate  at  base,  drying  golden.  Spikes  mostly  clustered, 
moderate  (30-40  mm.),  with  about  half  a  dozen  joints  rounded  and  about 
6-flowered  in  4-J-2  series  when  pistillate  or  elongated  and  some  30-flow- 


AEQUATORIALES—  TUEBINISPICAE  125 

ered  in  6  series  when  staminate:  peduncle  scarcely  5  mm.  long,  with  a 
pair  of  basal  scales.  Fruit  subglobose,  4  mm.  in  diameter,  nearly  smooth, 
dull :  sepals  closely  inflexed. — Plate  182. 

Brazilian  region. — The  type  from  Barbacena. 

Specimens  examined: — BRAZIL.  Barbacena  (Pohl,  106, — the  type  of 
V.  ensifolium;  Warming,  14,  381).  Tristega  (Czermak  &  Reineck,  312). 
Porto  Alegre  (Czermak  &  Reineck,  637). 

PHORADENDRON  LANCEOLATO-ELLIPTICUM  Eichler. 

Phoradendron  lanceolato-ellipticum  Eichler  in  v.  Martius,  Fl.  Brazil. 

vol.  5.  pt.  2.  p.  114.  pi.  35.   1868. 
Vis  cum  lanceolato-ellipticum  Pohl  in  de  Candolle,  Prodromus.  vol.  4.  p. 

282.  1830. 
V.  interruptum  de  Candolle,  Prodromus,  vol.  4.  p.  282.    1830. 

Scarcely  forked,  the  long  branches  with  basal  cataphyls  only,  dioe- 
cious?. Internodes  rather  long  (2-3x50-100  mm.  or  more,  smooth,  for  a 
time  somewhat  flattened.  Cataphyls  a  nearly  basal  pair  followed  by  1-3 
others  at  intervals  of  less  than  5  to  25-40  mm.  Leaves  falcately  oblance- 
olate-oblong,  very  obtuse,  2-4x10-16  cm.,  rather  short-cuneate  at  base. 
Spikes  often  clustered,  moderate  (30-40  or  50  mm.),  with  about  4  slender 
joints  some  20-flowered  in  6  series  when  pistillate :  peduncle  5  mm.  long, 
usually  with  1  or  2  lower  pairs  of  scarcely  ciliate  scales.  Fruit  (imma- 
ture) somewhat  ellipsoidal,  2x3  mm.,  smooth:  sepals  closely  inflexed.— 
Plate  183. 

Brazilian  region. — The  type  from  Goyaz. 

Specimens  examined: — BRAZIL.  Padre  Luis  Faria,  Goyaz  (Pohl,  273, 
— the  type  of  V.  lanceolato-ellipticum  and  of  V.  interruptum) . 

36.     TURBINISPICAE. 

Leaves  moderate,  lanceolate,  basinerved.  Shoots  for  a  time  ancipital. 
Cataphyls  several  pairs,  on  the  basal  joint  only.  Joints  of  the  spikes  tur- 
binately  many-flowered  in  4+2  series.  Fruit  round,  minutely  papillate, 
with  closed  sepals.  Brazil. 

Leaves  lanceolate.  P-  macrarfhrum. 

PHORADENDRON  MACRARTHRUM  Eichler. 

Phoradendron  macrartJirum  Eiehler  in  v.  Martius,  Fl.  Brasil.  vol.  5. 

pt.  2.  p.  124.  pi.  43.  1868. 
P.  macrarthron  Eichler,  1.  c.  p.  107, — in  key,  133. 

More  or  less  pseudodichotomous,  the  rather  long  branches  with  basal 
cataphyls  only,  dioecious?.  Internodes  rather  long  (2-4x40-60  mm.), 


126  THE  GENUS  PHOEADENDEON 

sharply  ancipital.  Cataphyls  1  or  2  basal  pairs,  usually  with  another 
pair  some  5  mm.  higher,  tubular-bifid,  white-margined.  Leaves  falcately 
lanceolate,  obtuse,  1.5-3x7-10  cm.,  distinctly  about  5-nerved,  cuneately 
attenuate  for  5-10  mm.  or  more.  Spikes  mostly  solitary,  long  (30-50 
mm.),  with  about  3  rather  slender  joints  turbinately  some  30-  to  50- 
flowered  in  4+2  series :  peduncle  5-8  mm.  long :  scales  not  ciliate.  Fruit 
(immature)  subglobose,  microscopically  cellular-papillate,  4  mm.  in 
diameter :  sepals  inflexed. — Plate  184. 

Brazilian  region. — The  type  from  Goyaz. 

Specimens  examined: — BRAZIL.    Goyaz  (Gardner,  3765, — the  type). 

37.    FALCIFERAE. 

Leaves  narrowly  oblanceolate,  falcate,  basinerved.  Shoots,  if  some- 
what flattened,  scarcely  angled.  Cataphyls  about  2  pairs,  on  the  basal 
joint  only.  Flowers  in  4+2  series.  Fruit  warty,  with  closed  sepals. 
South  America. 

Leaves  elongated,  finely  nerved.  P.  falcifrons. 

PHORADENDRON  FALCIFRONS  Eichler. 

PTioradendron  falcifrons  Eichler  in  v.  Martius,  Fl.  Brasil.  vol.  5.  pt.  2. 

p.  134  m.   1868. 
Viscum  falcifrons  Hooker  &  Arnott  in  Hooker,  Bot.  Miscell.  vol.  3.  p.  356. 

1833. 

Scarcely  forked,  the  rather  short  branches  with  basal  cataphyls  only, 
dioecious.  Internodes  rather  short  (2x20-30  mm.),  somewhat  compressed 
above  but  scarcely  angled.  Cataphyls  a  basal  pair  followed  by  another 
pair  5-10  mm.  higher,  tubular.  Leaves  falcately  oblanceolate-oblong,  .5-lx 
5-7.5  cm.,  very  obtuse,  slenderly  long-attenuate  rather  than  petioled. 
Spikes  mostly  solitary,  short  (10-20  mm.),  with  about  3  joints  rounded 
and  some  6-  to  10-flowered  when  pistillate  and  slender  and  20-  to  30- 
flowered  in  4+2  series  when  staminate :  peduncle  3  mm.  long,  sometimes 
with  1  or  2  pairs  of  basal  scales.  Fruit  ovoid,  3x4  mm.,  slightly  verru- 
cose:  sepals  closely  inflexed. — Plates  185,  186. 

La  Plata  region. — The  type  from  Uruguay. 

Specimens  examined: — URUGUAY,  Eio  Uruguay  (Tweedie, — the  type, 
on  laurels).  Concepcion  (Lorentz,  632, 1779,  1879,  4772).  An  island  in 
Rio  Uruguay  (Niederlein,  102).  Sierra  de  Tambores  (Arechavaleta, 
136).  Mattogrosso,  etc.  (Kuntze,  10).  Cordillere  de  Peribebue  (Bal- 
ansa,  3219). 


AEQUATORTALES— ANOMALAE  127 

38.     ANOMALAE. 

Tomentose.  Leaves  small  or  rather  broad,  thick  though  evidently 
nerved  from  the  base.  Shoots  scarcely  edged.  Cataphyls  a  single  pair, 
on  the  basal  joint  only.  Flowers  in  4+2  series.  Fruit  round,  retrorsely 
hairy.  Southern  Andes. 

Leaves  moderately  large  (7  cm.)  :  sepals  parted.  P.  tucumanense. 

Leaves  small  (under  1  cm.  long)  :  fruiting  sepals  meeting.       P.  Kuntzei. 

PHORADENDRON  TUCUMANENSE  (Urban). 

Phoradendrum  tucumanense  Urban,  Bot.  Jahrb.  vol.  23.  Beibl.  57.  p.  16. 
1897. 

Not  forked,  the  rather  long  branches  with  basal  cataphyls  only,  dioe- 
cious. Internodes  moderate  (2-4x40-50  mm.),  densely  stellate- tomentose 
or  short- villous  like  the  foliage,  compressed  and  dilated  under  the  nodes 
becoming  terete.  Cataphyls  a  single  pair,  about  5  mm.  above  the  base, 
scarcely  tubular.  Leaves  lanceolate  or  the  lowest  elliptical,  typically 
acute,  1.5-3x7-9  cm.,  cuneately  rather  slender-petioled  for  15-20  mm. 
Spikes  often  clustered,  moderate  (25-35,  becoming  50  mm.  in  fruit), 
tomentose,  with  about  3  rather  stout  joints  some  18-flowered  in  4+2  ser- 
ies when  pistillate  and  as  much  as  50-flowered  in  6  series  when  staminate : 
peduncle  2  mm.  long,  often  followed  by  a  somewhat  longer  sterile  joint : 
scales  deeply  parted.  Fruit  subglobose,  dark  red,  3  mm.  in  diameter, 
retrorsely  hairy :  sepals  nearly  glabrous,  suberectly  parted. — Plates  187, 
188. 

Bolivian  region  ( ?  exclusively)  on  Fagara. — The  type  from  Argen- 
tina. 

Specimens  examined: — ARGENTINA.  Siambon,  Sierra  de  Tucuman 
(Lorentz  &  Hieronymus,  223,  235,  335,  782,  1874, — the  types).  Cuesta 
de  Periquillo  (Lillo,  5414).  BOLIVIA.  La  Merced,  Bermejo  (Fiebrig, 
2174).  COUNTRY?.  San  Luis  (Pearce,  1864). 

PHORADENDRON  KUNTZEI  (Urban). 
Phoradendrum  Kuntzei  Urban,  Bot.  Jahrb.  vol.  23.  Beibl.  57.  p.  11. 1897. 

Not  forked,  the  moderate  branches  with  basal  cataphyls  only,  dioe- 
cious. Internodes  moderate  (2x30  mm.  or  more),  densely  yellow-tomen- 
tose  like  the  foliage,  somewhat  compressed  under  the  nodes  becoming  te- 
rete. Cataphyls  a  single  nearly  basal  pair.  Leaves  (on  the  young  growth) 
short-oblong,  scarcely  2x5  mm.,  sessile,  caducous.  Spikes  mostly  clus- 
tered, rather  long  (40  mm.),  tomentose,  with  about  3  oblong  or  clavate 
joints  some  30-flowered  when  pistillate  and  60-flowered  when  staminate 


128  THE  GENUS  PHOEADENDRON 

in  4+2  series :  peduncle  4  mm.  long :  scales  rather  deeply  parted.  Fruit 
subglobose,  4-5  mm.  in  diameter,  retrorsely  hairy:  sepals  pubescent,  in- 
curved.—Plate  188. 

Bolivian  region  (  ?  exclusively)  on  cacti. — The  type  from  Bolivia. 

Specimens  examined: — BOLIVIA.  Tunari  Mts.  at  1300  m.  (Kuntze, 
20,  June  1892,— the  type).  Cotana,  at  2500  m.  (Bucktien,  3156}. 

C.     PENNINERVIAE. 

Nerves  pinnate  from  a  midrib  which  usually  continues  through  the 
leaf  but  sometimes  vanishes  below  the  middle ;  never  with  several  equally 
strong  nerves  from  the  base. 

Leaves  thick  and  opaque. 

Stem  4-lined :  midrib  evanescent.  EGGERSIAE. 

Stem  ancipital  or  terete. 

Leaves  elongated  (1:3-4),  dull.  UNDULATAE. 

Leaves  broad  (1:2). 

Spikes  very  long,  Venezuelan.  P.  polygynum. 

Spikes  moderate.    Bahamian.  NORTHROPIAE. 

Leaves  fleshy :  stem  bluntly  square.  RUGULOSAE. 

Leaves  drying  rather  leathery  or  papery. 
Not  or  scarcely  revolute. 

Midrib  evanescent.  HEYDEANAE. 

Midrib  percurrent.  PTERONEURAE. 

Revolute.  HEXASTICHAE. 

Leaves  herbaceous,  dull :  stem  sharply  ancipital.  PERUVIANAE. 

39.    EGGERSIAE. 

Leaves  large,  rather  thick  and  dull,  evanescently  heavily  pinnately 
nerved.  Shoots  acutely  quadrangular.  Cataphyls  2  pairs,  on  the  basal 
joint  only.  Spikes  stout  and  long.  Flowers  in  4+2  series.  Fruit  gran- 
ular, with  widely  parted  sepals.  Andes. 

Leaves  ovate.  P.  Eggersii. 

PHORADENDRON  EGGERSII  (Urban). 

PJioradendrum  Eggersii  Urban,  Bot.  Jahrb.  vol.  23.  Beibl.  57.  p.  10.  1897. 

Scarcely  forked,  the  branches  with  basal  cataphyls  only,  androgy- 
nous?. Internodes  rather  short,  stout  (3-5x25-50  mm.),  nearly  smooth, 
square  or  4-keeled,  slightly  swollen  but  not  compressed  at  the  nodes. 
Cataphyls  a  basal  pair  followed  by  another  more  or  less  fertile  pair  some 
10  mm.  higher.  Leaves  very  broadly  elliptical  or  ovate,  very  obtuse, 
7-11x11-15  cm.,  abruptly  petioled  for  15-20  mm.,  rather  thick  and  dull, 
obscurely  pinnately  veined  below  the  middle.  Spikes  mostly  clustered, 


AEQUATORIALES— UNDULATAE  129 

rather  long  (40-60  mm.),  with  about  3  stout  oblong  joints  22-  to  30-flow- 
ered  in  4+2  series:  peduncle  almost  suppressed.  Fruit  globose,  tuber- 
culate,  5  mm.  in  diameter :  sepals  widely  spreading  with  upcurved  tips. — 
Plate  211. 

Andean  region. — The  type  from  Ecuador. 

Specimens  examined: — ECUADOR.  Hacienda  El  Recreo,  Manabi  (Eg- 
gers,  15229,  Aug.  29,  1893,— the  type). 

40.      NORTHKOPIAE. 

Leaves  moderate  or  rather  large,  somewhat  thick  and  dull,  scarcely 
revolute,  very  obscurely  subpinnately  nerved.  Shoots  somewhat  rhom- 
bic. Cataphyls  a  single  pair, — on  all  joints?  Flowers  in  4+2  series. 
Fruit  round,  smooth,  with  parted  sepals.  Bahamas. 

Leaves  obovate  or  spatulate,  often  emarginate.  P.  Northropiae. 

PHORADENDRON  NORTHROPIAE  Urban. 

Phoradendron  Northropiae  Urban,  Mem.  Torrey  Bot.  Cl.  vol.  12.  p.  33. 
pi.  4.  1902. 

Commonly  forked  or  fasciculate,  the  moderate  branches  apparently 
with  cataphyls  on  all  joints,  androgynous.  Internodes  moderate  (2-5x 
20-60  mm.),  minutely  papillate,  for  a  time  somewhat  rhombic  or  com- 
pressed, enlarged  at  the  nodes.  Cataphyls  a  single  pair  5  mm.  or  less 
above  the  base,  or  rarely  2  pairs,  short-tubular.  Leaves  obovate  to  sub- 
spatulate,  very  obtuse  to  obcordately  notched,  2.5-3x3-5,  or  4-5x6-10  cm., 
cuneately  subpetioled  for  5  mm.,  obscurely  penninerved.  Spikes  often 
densely  clustered,  rather  short  (20-25  mm.),  with  about  4  subfusiform 
moderately  thick  joints  covered  by  some  8-18  flowers  in  4+2  series: 
peduncle  scarcely  5  mm.  long,  with  a  second  pair  of  scales.  Fruit  red, 
subglobose,  smooth :  sepals  erect,  not  meeting. — Plate  189. 

Bahamian  region  ( 1  exclusively)  on  Mimusops. — The  type  from  An- 
dros. 

Specimens  examined: — BAHAMAS.  ANDROS  ISL.  (Northrop,  551, 1890, 
—the  type;  Brace,  5325;  Small  &  Carter,  8479). 

41.    UNDULATAE. 

Leaves  rather  large,  lanceolate,  thick,  dull,  obscurely  pinnately 
nerved.  Shoots  sharply  ancipital  above.  Cataphyls  mostly  3-4  pairs,  on 
the  basal  joint  only.  Flowers  in  4+2  series.  Fruit  ellipsoid,  smooth, 
with  nearly  closed  sepals.  Brazil  to  the  West  Indies. 


130  THE  GENUS  PHOEADENDEON 

Leaves  drying  dull.    South  America. 

Spikes  rather  stout  and  short.  P.  undulatum. 

Spikes  long  and  slender.  P.  gracilispicum. 

Leaves  glossy.    Caribbees.  P.  Herminieri. 

PHORADENDRON  UNDULATUM  Eichler. 

Phoradendron  undulatum  Eichler  in  v.  Martius,  PI.  Brasil.  vol.  5.  pt.  2. 

p.  122.  pi.  39.  1868. 

Viscum  undulatum  Pohl  in  de  Candolle,  Prodromus.  vol.  4.  p.  282.   1830. 
Phoradendrum  undulatum  Urban,  Bot.  Jahrb.  vol.  24.  p.  42.  1897, — as 

to  the  mainland. 

More  or  less  pseudodichotomous  or  verticillate,  the  long  branches  with 
basal  cataphyls  only,  androgynous.  Internodes  moderate  (2-5x30-70 
mm.),  smooth,  for  a  time  strongly  ancipital.  Cataphyls  a  nearly  basal 
pair  usually  followed  by  1  or  2  additional  pairs  and  occasionally  by  a 
fourth,  at  intervals  increasing  up  to  40  mm.,  tubular,  somewhat  keeled 
and  pointed.  Leaves  lanceolate  to  oblanceolate  or  somewhat  ovate,  very 
obtuse  to  acuminate,  2-4x7-15  cm.,  cuneately  subpetioled  for  5-10  mm. 
Spikes  often  clustered,  moderate  (30,  lengthening  to  50  mm.),  with  4-6 
short  rather  stout  joints  some  10-flowered  in  4+2  series :  peduncle  very 
short,  with  1  or  2  basal  pairs  of  scales:  scales  ciliolate.  Fruit  round- 
ovoid,  smooth,  3  mm.  in  diameter:  sepals  somewhat  parted. — Plates  190, 
191. 

Brazilian  and  Bolivian  regions. — The  type  from  Brazil. 

Specimens  examined: — BRAZIL.  Barbacena  (Pohl,  868,  1828, — the 
type  of  V.  undulatum).  Minas  Geraes  (Lindberg,  253).  Rio  de  Janeiro 
(Riedel;  Glaziou,  4003,  6893,  8243).  Without  locality  (Burchell,  4396). 
BOLIVIA.  Yungas  (t Bang,  363,  2903).  Mapiri  (Rusby,  1546). 

Phoradendron  gracilispicum  n.  sp. 

Somewhat  pseudodichotomous,  the  long  branches  with  basal  cataphyls 
only,  androgynous?.  Internodes  moderate  (2-3x40-60  mm.),  ancipital 
and  rather  persistently  2-keeled.  Cataphyls  a  nearly  basal  pair  usually 
followed  by  a  second  pair  some  20  mm.  higher,  and  occasionally  by  a  third 
pair,  acute,  2.5-4x10-16  cm.,  wing-petioled  for  10-15  mm.  Spikes  often 
clustered,  long  (40-70  mm.),  reddish,  with  about  10  slender  joints  some 
12-flowered  in  4  or  4+2  series :  peduncle  2  mm.  long,  often  followed  by 
1  or  2  partly  or  wholly  sterile  joints:  scales  and  receptacular  cups  cili- 
olate. Fruit  (young)  elongated:  sepals  meeting. — Plate  192. 

Isthmian  and  Venezuelan  regions. — The  type  from  Costa  Rica. 

Specimens  examined: — COSTA  RICA.  Monte  de  Velirla  du  Copey 
(Tonduz,  12215,  the  type).  Rio  Jesus  (Brenes,  14519) .  San  Jose  (Hoff- 


AEQUATORIALES— PERUVIANAE  131 

mann,  809,  1857;  Tonduz,  1393,  10110}.  S.  Ramon  (Brenes,  14406). 
Piedra  Blanca  (Pittier,  1258).  Los  Frailes  (Tonduz,  7884).  Without 
locality  (Oersted,  3,  3086,  in  part, — P.  latifolium  Oliver).  PANAMA.  Chir- 
iqui  ( f Pittier,  2932, 3312) .  COLOMBIA.  Popayan  ( fLehmann,  3565, 8538) . 
Without  locality  (Kalbreyer,  353).  VENEZUELA.  Tovar  (Fendler,  1109). 

Phoradendron  Hermmieri  n.  sp. 

Phoradendrum  undulatum  Urban,  Bot.  Jahrb.  vol.  24.  p.  42.   1897, — as 
to  the  West  Indies. 

More  or  less  pseudodichotomous,  the  moderate  branches  with  basal 
cataphyls  only,  androgynous.  Internodes  moderate  (2-4x25-40  mm.),  the 
upper  somewhat  compressed  rather  than  ancipital.  Cataphyls  mostly  3 
pairs,  one  nearly  basal,  the  others  at  intervals  of  10  or  15  mm.,  scarcely 
tubular.  Leaves  rather  ovate-lanceolate,  attenuately  subacute  to  obtuse, 
2.5-3x6-9  cm.,  cuneately  subpetioled  for  about  5  mm.  Spikes  more  or  less 
clustered,  rather  long  (25,  becoming  40  mm.),  with  half  a  dozen  rather 
slender  joints  some  10-flowered  in  4+2  series :  peduncle  very  short,  usu- 
ally followed  by  1  or  2  equally  short  joints  and  a  longer  sterile  joint: 
scales  scarcely  ciliate.  Fruit  (immature)  round-ovoid,  smooth,  3x4  mm.: 
sepals  nearly  meeting. — Plate  191. 

Caribbean  region. — The  type  from  Guadeloupe. 

Specimens  examined: — CARIBBEES.  GUADELOUPE  (Duss,  3904  in  part, 
—the  type,  2966  in  part,  4157,  4418  in  part;  L'Hermimer,  a).  DOM- 
INICA (Lloyd,  207). 

42.    PERUVIANAE. 

Leaves  rather  large  except  in  one  species,  lanceolate  or  ovate-lance- 
olate, dull,  drying  rather  thick,  pinnately  nerved  from  a  more  or  less 
evanescent  midrib  beneath.  Shoots  ancipital.  Flowers  in  4+2,  6  or  6+2 
series.  Fruit  round,  mostly  smooth,  with  closed  sepals.  Andes. 

Spikes  rather  stout. 

Leaves  elliptical-ovate,  obtuse. 

Spikes  stout-peduncled ;  flowers  in  6  series.  P.  peruvianum. 
Spikes  slender-peduncled :  flowers  in  4+2  series.      P.  Balansae. 

Leaves  elongated  lanceolate,  subacute.  P.  Mandonii. 
Leaves  lance-ovate,  subacute. 

Spikes  moderate  (30  mm.).  P.  avenia. 

Spikes  rather  long  and  relatively  slender.  P.  Englerianum. 

Spikes  very  slender  and  short.  P.  Mathewsi. 

PHORADENDRON  PERUVIANUM  Eichler. 

Phoradendron  peruvianum  Eichler  in  v.  Martius,  Fl.  Brasil.  vol.  5.  pt.  2. 
p.  123.    1868. 


132  THE  GENUS  PHOEADENDKON 

Scarcely  forked,  the  rather  long  branches  with  basal  cataphyls  only, 
androgynous?.  Internodes  moderate  (2-3x20-60  mm.),  nearly  smooth, 
ancipitally  compressed,  somewhat  dilated  upwards.  Cataphyls  a  single 
pair  towards  the  base,  somewhat  spreading,  white-margined.  Leaves 
broadly  lanceolate,  sometimes  falcate,  acute  to  obtuse,  3-4  or  5x6-12  cm., 
rather  abruptly  petioled  for  5-7  mm.  Spikes  solitary,  moderate  (becom- 
ing 40-50  mm.),  with  3  or  4  stout  oblong  joints  nearly  50-flowered  in  6  or 
6-|-2  series :  peduncle  stout,  3-5  mm.  long.  Fruit  red,  subglobose,  smooth, 
4  mm.  in  diameter :  sepals  closely  inflexed. — Plate  193. 

Andean  region. — The  type  from  Peru. 

Specimens  examined: — PERU.    Without  locality  (Ruiz, — the  type). 

Phoradendron  Balansae  n.  sp. 

Somewhat  pseudodichotomous,  the  rather  long  branches  with  basal 
cataphyls  only,  androgynous?.  Internodes  rather  long  (2-4x40-100  mm.), 
granular,  strongly  ancipital  but  little  dilated.  Cataphyls  a  single  pair 
somewhat  above  the  base,  openly  tubular,  white-margined.  Leaves  ellip- 
tical to  oblanceolate-oblong,  sometimes  oblique,  very  obtuse,  2.5-3.5x 
5.5-7.5  cm.,  cuneately  wing-petioled  for  about  10  mm.  Spikes  mostly  sol- 
itary, moderate  (20,  becoming  30  mm.),  with  about  3  moderately  stout 
elongated  joints  rather  turbinately  some  18-  to  26-flowered  in  4+2  series : 
peduncle  nearly  suppressed,  usually  followed  by  an  elongated  nearly  or 
quite  sterile  joint.  Fruit  subglobose,  smooth,  3  mm.  in  diameter:  sepals 
closely  inflexed. — Plate  194. 

Bolivian  region,  on  Punica  etc. — The  type  from  Paraguay. 

Specimens  examined: — PARAGUAY.  Asuncion  (Balansa,  2497,  May 
1874, — the  type).  Resistencia,  Charco  (Stuckert,  13363,  18606}.  ARGEN- 
TINA. Tucuman  (Stuckert,  20256).  Sierra  de  Guasapampa,  Cordoba 
(Kurtz,  6784).  Rio  La  Plata  (Palmer,  1853-4).  Concepcion  (Hassler, 
7436, — f.  Hassleri  (PI.  195),  with  cylindrical  spike- joints).  Pilcomayo 
River  (Morong,  954, — f.  Morongi,  with  2  pairs  of  cataphyls). 

PHORADENDRON  MANDONII  Eichler. 

Phoradendron  Mandonii  Eichler  in  v.  Martius,  Fl.  Brasil.  vol.  5.  pt.  2. 
p.  124.  1868. 

Scarcely  forked,  the  long  branches  with  basal  cataphyls  only,  andro- 
gynous?. Internodes  moderate  (2-3x40-60  mm.),  smooth,  ancipital.  Cata- 
phyls a  basal  pair,  sometimes  closely  followed  by  a  second,  tubular-bifid. 
Leaves  more  or  less  obliquely  lanceolate,  subacute,  2-3x8-10  cm.,  cuneately 
wing-petioled  for  about  10  mm.  Spikes  mostly  solitary,  moderate  (30 
mm.),  with  about  3  stout  joints  some  10  to  18-flowered  in  4-f-2  series: 


AEQUATOBIALES— PERUVIANAE  133 

peduncle  3  mm.  long.  Fruit  globose,  dull,  obscurely  granular,  4  mm.  in 
diameter:  sepals  closely  inflexed. — Plate  197. 

Andean  region. — The  type  from  Bolivia. 

Specimens  examined. — BOLIVIA.  Sorata,  Larecaja,  at  10000  ft.  (Man- 
don,  1467,  Feb.  1861.— the  type) . 

Phoradendron  avenia  n.  sp. 
Phoradendron  quadr -angular e  avenia  Hieronymus  in  Herb.  Berolin. 

Scarcely  forked,  the  moderate  branches  with  basal  cataphyls  only, 
androgynous?.  Internodes  short  and  stout  (3-6x20-30  mm.),  smooth,  an- 
cipital  or  rhombically  4-angled,  dilated  upwards.  Cataphyls  a  single  pair 
nearly  10  mm.  above  the  base,  acute.  Leaves  broadly  lanceolate  or  ovate- 
lanceolate,  rather  acute,  1.5-2x3.5-5  cm.,  cuneately  petioled  for  5-7  mm. 
Spikes  mostly  solitary,  moderate  (30  mm.  in  fruit),  with  about  4  short 
stout  oblong  joints  some  6-flowered  in  4+2  series:  peduncles  2-3  mm. 
long,  sometimes  followed  by  a  sterile  joint.  Fruit  globose,  nearly  smooth, 
3  mm.  in  diameter :  sepals  inflexed. — Plate  195. 

Andean  region. — The  type  from  Colombia. 

Specimens  examined: — COLOMBIA.  Paramo  de  Coper  (Stuebel,  105, 
July  1868,— the  type). 

PHORADENDRON  ENGLERIANUM  Patschovsky. 

Phoradendron  Englerianum  Patschovsky,  Bot.  Jahrb.  vol.  45.  p.  439. 
1911. 

Scarcely  forked,  the  long  branches  with  basal  cataphyls  only,  dioe- 
cious?. Internodes  rather  long  (2-4x30-70  mm.),  slightly  granular,  an- 
cipital  or  rhombically  somewhat  quadrangular,  dilated  at  the  nodes.  Cata- 
phyls a  nearly  basal  pair,  sometimes  followed  closely  by  a  second  or  even 
by  a  third  pair  some  10  mm.  distant,  short  and  spreading.  Leaves  lance- 
olate, obtuse,  2.5-6x9-15  cm.,  cuneately  petioled  for  scarcely  5  mm.  Spikes 
more  or  less  clustered,  rather  long  (40-60  mm.),  with  half  a  dozen  long 
slender  joints  some  40-  to  60-flowered  in  4-J-2  or  6  series:  peduncle 
scarcely  2  mm.  long.  Fruit  (immature)  subglobose,  smooth,  3  mm.  in 
diameter:  sepals  inflexed. — Plate  196. 

Andean  region. — The  type  from  Peru. 

Specimens  examined: — PERU.  Chanchamayo  Valley,  Funin,  Tarma 
(Weberbauer,  1903  pistillate,  1904  staminate,  Dec.  1902, — the  types). 

Phoradendron  Mathewsi  n.  sp. 

Scarcely  forked,  the  rather  long  branches  with  basal  cataphyls  only, 
androgynous?.  Internodes  moderate  (2-5x30-60  mm.),  nearly  smooth, 


134  THE  GENUS  PHOKADENDRON 

ancipital,  somewhat  thickened  at  the  nodes.  Cataphyls  a  single  nearly 
basal  pair,  short  and  spreading,  white-margined.  Leaves  somewhat 
obliquely  elliptical-lanceolate,  acute  or  obtuse,  2-4x6-8  cm.,  cuneately 
wing-petioled  for  scarcely  10  mm.  Spikes  clustered,  short  (20  mm.), 
with  3  or  4  short  but  very  slender  joints  some  8-flowered  in  4+2  series : 
peduncle  2  mm.  long.  Fruit  (immature)  globose,  smooth,  2  mm.  in  diam- 
eter :  sepals  closely  inflexed. — Plate  197. 

Andean  region. — The  type  from  Peru. 

Specimens  examined: — PERU.  Chacapoyas  (M.  Mafhews,  1846, — the 
type,  in  the  Delessert  Herbarium  at  Geneva). 

43.    RUGULOSAE. 

Leaves  moderate,  rather  fleshy,  drying  finely  rugulose,  scarcely  revo- 
lute,  subpinnately  veined.  Shoots  fleshy,  drying  somewhat  rugosely  quad- 
rangular. Cataphyls  several  pairs,  on  the  basal  joint  only.  Flowers  in 
4  or  4+2  series.  Fruit  round,  nearly  smooth,  with  closed  sepals.  Brazil. 

Leaves  broadly  elliptical.  P.  Warmingii. 

PHORADENDRON  WARMINGII  Eichler. 

Phoradendron  Warmingii  Eichler  in  Warming,  Vidensk.  Meddel.  Natur- 

hist.   Foren.  Kjobenhavn.  1870.  p.  209. 
Phoradendron  sp.  Eichler  in  v.  Martius,  Fl.  Brasil.  vol.  5.  pt.  2.  p.  117. 

1868. 
Phoradendrum  rugulosum  Urban,  Bot.  Jahrb.  vol.  23.  Beibl.  57.  p.  13. 

1897. 

More  or  less  forked,  the  moderate  branches  with  basal  cataphyls  only, 
androgynous.  Internodes  rather  short  (2-6x30-50  mm.) ,  fleshy  and  wrin- 
kled in  drying,  quadrangular,  minutely  papillate  like  the  foliage.  Cata- 
phyls a  nearly  basal  pair  mostly  followed  by  a  second  and  sometimes  by 
a  third  pair  at  intervals  of  10-15  mm.,  or  exceptionally  6-8  crowded  pairs, 
ovate,  rather  spreading.  Leaves  broadly  elliptical  to  elliptical-obovate, 
mostly  very  obtuse,  2.5-4x4-6  cm.,  more  or  less  abruptly  wing-petioled 
for  3  or  5-10  mm.  Spikes  mostly  clustered,  moderate  (30-40  mm.),  with 
about  3  swollen  joints  some  6-  to  18-flowered  in  4  or  4+2  series :  peduncle 
short,  usually  with  2  or  3  pairs  of  scales.  Fruit  subglobose,  nearly  smooth, 
4  mm.  in  diameter :  sepals  inflexed. — Plate  198. 

Brazilian  region  ( ?  exclusively)  on  Vochysia. — The  type  from  Lagoa 
Santa. 

Specimens  examined: — BRAZIL.  Lagoa  Santa  (Warming,  383,  Jan. 
14,  1865, — the  type).  Organ  Mts.,  Kio  de  Janeiro  (Glaziou,  4012,  Apr. 
1870, — the  type  of  P.  rugulosum  which  in  this  specimen  differs  in  its 
longer  petioles  and  shorter  fewer-flowered  spike- joints,  but  is  otherwise 
scarcely  distinguishable  from  the  type). 


AEQUATORIALES— HEXASTICHAE  135 

44.     HEYDEANAE. 

Leaves  large,  rather  thin,  finely  pinnately  nerved  below  the  middle. 
Shoots  rhombically  ancipital.  Cataphyls  typically  a  single  pair,  on  the 
basal  joint  only.  Flowers  in  4+2  series.  Central  America. 

Leaves  ovate :  spike- joints  turbinately  flowered.  P.  Heydeanum. 

Phoradendron  Heydeanum  n.  sp. 

Pseudodichotomous,  the  long  branches  with  basal  cataphyls  only, 
dioecious?.  Internodes  moderate  (2-4x30-50  mm.)  sharply  ancipital, 
somewhat  rhombically  widened  below  the  nodes.  Cataphyls  a  single  basal 
pair,  or  occasionally  2  or  3  pairs,  tubular-bifid.  Leaves  ovate-lanceolate, 
5x10  cm.,  or  obovate  and  reduced  to  2x3.5  cm.,  subobtuse,  rather  abruptly 
wing-petioled  for  about  10  mm.  Spikes  often  clustered,  moderate  (30-50 
mm.),  with  4-5  slender  elongated  joints  somewhat  turbinately  about  16- 
flowered  in  4+2  series :  peduncle  2-4  mm.  long.  Fruit  ?. — Plate  199. 

Guatemalan  and  Isthmian  regions. — The  type  from  Guatemala. 

Specimens  examined: — GUATEMALA.  San  Miguel  Uspantan,  Quiche 
(Heyde  &  Lux,  3140,  Apr.  1892, — the  type).  COSTA  RICA.  Paramo  del 
Abejoval  (?  Tonduz,  1840}.  Tucurique  (t  Tonduz,  13142}.  These  lat- 
ter,— f.  australis, — have  smaller  leaves  (3.5x5  cm.)  and  subglobose  smooth 
immature  fruit  3  mm.  in  diameter,  with  closely  inflexed  sepals. 

45.    HEXASTICHAE. 

Leaves  moderate  or  rather  large,  rather  thick  and  chartaceous,  revo- 
lute,  pinnately  nerved.  Shoots  compressed  or  ancipital.  Cataphyls  a 
single  pair,  on  the  basal  joint  only.  Flowers  mostly  in  6  series.  Fruit 
round,  smooth,  with  closed  sepals.  West  Indies  and  eastern  Mexico. 

Leaves  ovate  to  lanceolate.  P.  hexastichum. 

Leaves  elliptical.  P.  Oliverianum. 

PHORADENDRON  HEXASTICHUM  Grisebach. 

Phoradendron  hexastichum  Grisebach,  Fl.  Br.  W.  I.  p.  313.  1860. 
Viscum  hexastichum  de  Candolle,  Prodromus.  vol.  4.  p.  282.  1830. 
Phoradendrum  hexastichum  Urban,  Bot.  Jahrb.  vol.  24.  p.  46.  1897. 

Scarcely  forked,  the  rather  long  branches  with  basal  cataphyls  only, 
androgynous.  Internodes  moderate  (2-6x30-60  mm.),  smooth,  sharply 
ancipital  or  somewhat  rhombic  and  dilated  upwards.  Cataphyls  a  single 
pair,  scarcely  5  mm.  above  the  base,  openly  annular.  Leaves  ovate,  very 
obtuse,  3-5x8-9  cm.,  cuneately  or  rather  abruptly  petioled  for  5-8  mm. 
Spikes  more  or  less  clustered,  rather  long  (20,  becoming  40-60  mm.), 


136  THE  GENUS  PHOEADENDEON 

with  about  4  slightly  clavate  joints  some  18-  to  42-flowered  in  6  or  8 
series:  peduncle  scarcely  5  mm.  long,  sometimes  with  a  basal  pair  of 
scales.  Fruit  white,  globose,  smooth,  3  mm.  in  diameter:  sepals  closely 
inflexed.— Plate  200. 

Antillean  and  Caribbean  regions. — The  type  from  Cuba. 

Specimens  examined: — ANTILLES.  CUBA  (de  la  Ossa,  1825, — the  type 
of  V.  hexastichum;  fShafer,  8590,  Wright,  1252}.  HAITI  (Picarda,  1623; 
ex.  herb.  Sprengel,  as  V.  myrtilloides).  SANTO  DOMINGO  (Eggers,  1899; 
Lloyd,  765;  Taylor,  328;  v.  Tuerckheim,  3284;  Wright,  Parry  &  Brum- 
mel,  460).  PUERTO  Rico  (Hess,  675;  Sintenis,  2836,  5383}.  CARIBBEES. 
GUADELOUPE  (Duss,  4137}.  MARTINIQUE  (Belanger,  131;  Duss,  1375, 
4415;  Hahn,  1386;  Sieber,  227  in  part).  ST.  VINCENT  (Guilding;  Smith, 
297}.  GRENADA  (Broadway,  1021}. 

With  lanceolate  leaves  only  2-2.5  cm.  wide,  it  is  var.  angustifolia, 
Phoradendrum  hexastichum  angustifolium  Krug  &  Urban,  Bot.  Jahrb. 
vol.  24.  p.  46.  1897,  from  Grenada  (Eggers,  6140}, — connected  with  the 
type  by  Broadway,  1894,  from  the  same  island. — Plate  201. 

Phoradendron  Oliverianum  n.  sp. 

More  or  less  fascicled,  the  moderate  branches  with  basal  cataphyls 
only,  dioecious?.  Internodes  rather  short  (2-5x20-50  mm.),  nearly  smooth, 
the  upper  ancipital  and  somewhat  dilated  upwards.  Cataphyls  a  single 
pair,  mostly  5-10  mm.  above  the  base,  ovate,  spreading.  Leaves  elliptical 
or  subovate,  more  or  less  mucronulate  but  very  obtuse,  2  or  2.5-4x4.5-6 
or  10  cm.,  cuneately  or  rather  abruptly  petioled  for  5-8  mm.  Spikes  more 
or  less  clustered,  moderate  (20-35  mm.),  with  about  3  subfusiform  joints 
some  10-  to  24-flowered  in  4-6  series:  peduncle  2-5  mm.  long.  Fruit?.— 
Plate  201. 

Eastern  Sierra  Madre  region. — The  type  from  eastern  Mexico. 

Specimens  examined : — MEXICO.  El  Mirador,  Vera  Cruz  (Liebmann, 
6,  3085,  1842,— the  type :  P.  hexastichum  Oliver,  Vidensk.  Meddel.  Na- 
turh.  Foren.  Kjobenhavn.  1864.  p.  175). 

46.     PTERONEURAE. 

Leaves  usually  large,  more  or  less  coriaceous,  rarely  revolute,  pin- 
nately  nerved.  Shoots  subterete  to  ancipital,  2-keeled  or  quadrangular. 
Cataphyls  1-  several  pairs,  on  the  basal  joint  only  or  on  all  in  cases  of 
forking.  Flowers  in  4-6  series.  Fruit  rounded,  mostly  smooth,  with 
more  or  less  closed  sepals.  West  Indies  and  South  America. 

Usually  forking  and  hence  with  cataphyls  on  all  joints.  P.  racemosum. 
Cataphyls  on  the  basal  joints  only. 


AEQUATORIALES— PTERONEURAE  137 

Spikes  rather  slender :  cataphyls  a  single  pair.  P.  productipes. 
Spikes  clavate. 

Cataphyls  a  single  pair. 

Internodes  flattened.  P.  bolivianum. 

Internodes  not  dilated.  P.  cerinocarpum. 

Cataphyls  1-2  pairs :  internodes  2-winged.  P.  carinatum. 
Cataphyls  several  pairs :  internodes  not  compressed. 

Cataphyls  2  pairs :  shoots  quadrangular.  P.  Brittonianum. 

Cataphyls  3  pairs :  shoots  2-keeled.  P.  pteroneuron. 

PHORADENDRON  RACEMOSUM  Northrop. 

Phoradendron  racemosum  Northrop,  Mem.  Torr.  Bot.  Cl.  vol.  12.  p.  33. 

1902. 

Viscum  racemosum  Aublet,  Guian.  vol.  2.  p.  895.   1775. 
V.  latifolium  Lamarck,  Encycl.  vol.  3.  p.  57.  1789. 
V.  macrophyllum  Sprengel,  Syst.  vol.  1.  p.  488.  1825. — de  Candolle,  Pro- 

dromus,  vol.  4.  p.  282. 

V.  pennivenium  de  Candolle,  Prodromus.  vol.  4.  p.  282.  1830. 
V.  glandidosum  Miquel,  Linnaea.  vol.  18.  p.  60.   1844. 
Phoradendron  hexastichum  latifolium  Grisebach,  Cat.  p.  120,  1866. 
P.  pennivenium  Eichler  in  v.  Martius,  Fl.  Brazil,  vol.  5.  pt.  2.  p.  128. 

pi.  42.  1868. 

P.  cayennense  Eichler,  1.  c.  p.  129.   134  m.   1868. 
P.  glandulosum  Eichler,  1.  c.  p.  134  m.   1868. 
Plioradendrum  racemosum  Krug  &  Urban,  Bot.  Jahrb.  vol.  24.  p.  46. 

1897. 

Usually  forked  and  the  long  branches  therefore  mostly  with  cataphyls 
on  all  joints,  androgynous.  Internodes  long  (2-5x70-150  mm.),  some- 
times granular,  nearly  terete,  somewhat  enlarged  below  the  nodes.  Cata- 
phyls a  basal  pair,  mostly  followed  by  a  second  or  occasionally  a  third 
pair  at  intervals  of  5-10  mm.,  subannular.  Leaves  from  broadly  lance- 
olate to  elliptical,  ovate  or  orbicular,  very  obtuse  or  somewhat  blunt- 
acuminate,  5-8  or  10x10-16  cm.,  usually  abruptly  wing-petioled  for  10-20 
mm.  Spikes  often  clustered,  long  (30-50  or  70  mm.),  with  mostly  4  or  5 
rather  long  joints  thickened  except  at  the  ends,  some  20-flowered  in  4+2 
series:  peduncle  some  8  mm.  long,  with  a  basal  pair  of  scales.  Fruit 
white,  round-ellipsoid,  mostly  smooth,  3x4  mm. :  sepals  inflexed  or  some- 
what parted.— Plates  202,  203. 

Upper  West  Indies  and  Northern  South  America;  absent  from  the 
intervening  Caribbees. — The  type  from  Cayenne. 

Specimens  examined: — BAHAMAS.  ANDROS  (Northrop,  704).  AN- 
TILLES. CUBA  (Wright,  438=1252  in  part).  HAITI  (Picarda,  1605b; 
Christ,  1960;  Nash,  150a).  STO.  DOMINGO  (Eggers,  1741,  2011;  Kuntze, 
415;  Prenleloup,  507;  Taylor,  28,  415}.  PUERTO  Rico  (Bertero,  1820,— 


138  THE  GENUS  PHOBADENDRON 

the  type  of  V.  macrophyllum;  Britton,  Stevens  &  Hess,  2535,  2569;  Cow- 
ell,  626;  Eggers,  880;  Heller  514;  Kuntze,  219,  415;  Sintenis,  6758  as 
host;  Stevens,  4817  as  host).  FRENCH  GUIANA  (Perrottet,  1820  the  type 
of  V.  pennivenium) .  SURINUM  (Wullschlaegel,  1481;  Focke, — the  type 
of  V.  glandulosum) .  BRITISH  GUIANA  (7m  Thurn,  Sept.  1879;  Jenman. 
2218,  4055;  Schomburgk,  554).  VENEZUELA,  on  the  lower  Orinoco  (Rusby, 
1896). 

Phoradendron  productipes  u.  sp. 

Phoradendron  hexastichum  Eichler  in  v.  Martius,  Fl.  Brasil.  vol.  5.  pt.  2. 
p.  129.    pi.  43.  1868,— as  to  Brazil. 

Somewhat  pseudodichotomous,  the  long  branches  with  basal  cataphyls 
only,  androgynous.  Internodes  moderate  (2-4x40-160  mm.),  smooth,  for 
a  time  somewhat  rhombically  ancipital,  scarcely  enlarged  upwards.  Cata- 
phyls  a  single  nearly  basal  pair,  subannular.  Leaves  elliptical-oblance- 
olate  or  obovate,  very  obtuse,  4-6x8-12  cm.,  acutely  attenuate  at  base  and 
wing-petioled  for  15  mm.  Spikes  more  or  less  clustered,  rather  long 
(30-50  mm.),  with  about  4  rather  long  and  slender  fusiform  joints  some 
24-  to  30-flowered  in  6  series:  peduncle  3-5  mm.  long.  Fruit  globose, 
smooth,  4  mm.  in  diameter:  sepals  inflexed  and  nearly  meeting. — Plate 
204. 

Brazilian  region. — The  type  from  Ceara. 

Specimens  examined: — BRAZIL.  CEARA  (Gardner,  1676, — the  type, 
1679).  San  Gabriel  da  Cachoeira,  Rio  Negro  (Spruce,  2112, — the  type 
of  P.  Jiexastichum  var.  longispica  Eichler,  1.  c.). — Plate  204. 

Phoradendron  bolivianum  n.  sp. 

Scarcely  forked,  the  moderate  branches  with  basal  cataphyls  only, 
androgynous?.  Internodes  short  (2-3x20-30  mm.) ,  nearly  smooth,  at  first 
rhombically  very  sharply  ancipital,  somewhat  dilated  upwards.  Cata- 
phyls a  single  basal  pair  or  as  many  as  4  crowded  pairs,  somewhat  openly 
tubular.  Leaves  elliptical-oblanceolate,  sometimes  mucronate,  very  ob- 
tuse, 4-5x7-11  cm.,  acutely  attenuate  to  a  winged  petiole  scarcely  10  mm. 
long.  Spikes  mostly  solitary,  rather  long  (20,  becoming  50  mm.),  with 
about  4  fusiform-oblong  joints  some  24-  to  40-flowered  in  6  series:  pedun- 
cle 3  mm.  long,  often  followed  by  a  sterile  joint.  Fruit  (immature)  glo- 
bose, smooth,  4  mm.  in  diameter :  sepals  closely  inflexed. — Plate  205. 

Bolivian  region. — The  type  from  Bolivia. 

Specimens  examined: — BOLIVIA.  Yungas  (Bang, — as  a  second  collec- 
tion for  632,— the  type).  Mapiri  (Rusby,  1547).  Tumupasa,  at  1800  ft. 
(WUliams,581). 


AEQUATORIALES— PTERONEUEAE  139 

Phoradendron  cerinocarpum  C.  Wright  n.  sp. 
Phoradendron  cerinocarpum  C.  Wright  in  herb. 

Scarcely  forked,  the  rather  long  branches  with  basal  cataphyls  only, 
androgynous?.  Internodes  moderate  (2-3x30-60  mm.),  smooth,  rhombic 
or  ancipital.  Cataphyls  a  single  pair,  nearly  basal,  little  tubular,  white- 
margined.  Leaves  broadly  lanceolate,  very  obtuse,  as  much  as  7x16  cm., 
cuneately  subpetioled  for  10  mm.  Spikes  mostly  solitary,  moderate  (30 
or  40  mm.),  with  about  3  rather  thick  joints  somewhat  turbinately  about 
20-flowered  in  4-}-2  series:  peduncle  2  or  3  mm.  long,  sometimes  with  a 
basal  pair  of  white-margined  scales.  Fruit  red,  nearly  globose,  3-4  mm. 
in  diameter,  smooth :  sepals  scarcely  meeting. — Plate  206. 

Antillean  region. — The  type  from  Santo  Domingo. 

Specimens  examined : — ANTILLES.  SANTO  DOMINGO.  Without  locality 
(Wright,  Parry  &  Brummel,  459, — the  type).  Barahona  (Fuertes,  275, 
927} .  Azua  (Rose,  Fitch  &  Russell,  3936) . 

Phoradendron  carinatum  n.  sp. 

Scarcely  forked,  the  long  branches  with  basal  cataphyls  only,  andro- 
gynous. Internodes  rather  stout  and  long  (3-5x40-80  mm.),  nearly 
smooth,  sharply  2-keeled,  scarcely  dilated  upwards.  Cataphyls  a  nearly 
basal  pair,  sometimes  followed  by  a  second  pair  scarcely  10  mm.  higher, 
subannular.  Leaves  lanceolate,  sometimes  falcate  or  somewhat  dimidiate, 
rather  acute,  4-6x15  cm.  or  longer,  cuneately  subsessile.  Spikes  mostly 
solitary,  moderate  (40-60  mm.),  with  4-6  rather  stout  oblong  joints  turbi- 
nately some  25-flowerd  in  4  or  4+2  series :  peduncle  2  mm.  long.  Fruit 
(immature)  round-ellipsoidal,  essentially  smooth,  3x4  mm.:  sepals  in- 
flexed  and  nearly  meeting. — Plate  207. 

Cayenne  region. — The  type  from  Demerara. 

Specimens  examined : — BRITISH  GUIANA  (Jenman,  2542,  Nov.  1886, — 
the  type) .  Noted  as  the  largest-leaved  of  the  Demeraran  species. 

PHORADENDRON  BRITTONIANUM  Rusby. 

Phoradendron  Brittonianum  Rusby,  Mem.  Torrey.  Bot.  01.  vol.  4.  p.  254. 
1895. 

More  or  less  forked,  the  long  stout  branches  with  basal  cataphyls  only, 
androgynous?.  Internodes  moderate  (3-5x50-70  mm.),  nearly  smooth, 
from  ancipital  becoming  sharply  quadrangular  and  finally  terete,  some- 
what swollen  at  the  nodes.  Cataphyls  2  pairs,  respectively  5  and  25  mm. 
above  the  base,  subannular  or  broadly  triangular  and  acute.  Leaves 
round-ovate  to  elliptical,  very  obtuse,  8x11  cm.,  abruptly  contracted  to  a 
stout  petiole  15  mm.  long.  Spikes  more  or  less  clustered,  rather  long 


140  THE  GENUS  PHORADENDRON 

(over  50  mm.),  with  about  half  a  dozen  ellipsoid  joints  some  14-flowered 
in  4+2  series:  sepals  deep  red,  widely  spreading  at  anthesis:  peduncle 
nearly  10  mm.  long,  sheathed  by  about  4  pairs  of  overlapping  scales. 
Fruit?.— Plate  208. 

Bolivian  region. — The  type  from  Bolivia. 

Specimens  examined: — BOLIVIA.  Yungas  (Bang,  632,  1890, — the 
type).  Apolo,  at  4800  ft.  (Williams,  178). 

PHORADENDRON  PTERONEURON  Eichler. 

PTwradendron  pteroneuron  Eichler  in  v.  Martius,  Fl.  Brazil,  vol.  5.  pt.  2. 
p.  127.  1868. 

Scarcely  forked,  the  rather  long  branches  with  basal  cataphyls  only, 
androgynous.  Internodes  moderate  (2-5x30-100  mm.),  nearly  smooth, 
from  somewhat  rhombic  becoming  2-keeled  and  terete,  more  or  less  swol- 
len at  the  nodes.  Cataphyls  a  nearly  basal  pair,  followed  by  2-4  other 
pairs  at  intervals  increasing  to  20  mm.,  subannular-bifid.  Leaves  round- 
elliptical,  5-7x8  cm.,  or  elliptical-obovate  and  scarcely  2.5x5  cm.,  very 
obtuse,  cuneately  or  abruptly  petioled  for  some  10  mm.  Spikes  more  or 
less  clustered,  rather  long  (40-50  mm.),  with  about  half  a  dozen  ellip- 
soidal joints  some  14-flowered  in  4-(-2  series :  peduncle  5  mm.  long,  some- 
times with  several  pairs  of  sheathing  scales.  Fruit  (immature,  said  to 
be  whitish)  subglobose,  fleshy- wrinkled,  3  mm.  in  diameter:  sepals  dull 
red,  closely  inflexed. — Plate  209. 

Brazilian  region. — The  type  from  Rio  de  Janeiro. 

Specimens  examined : — BRAZIL.  Rio  de  Janeiro  (Glaziou,  1462,  1887, 
— taken  as  type).  Ilheos  (Riedel,  1829).  Mattogrosso  (Robert,  439). 
Ceara  (Gardner,  1677).  Pernambuco  (Schenck,  4282). 

II.    SQUAMOSAE. 

Leaves  reduced  to  scales  which  do  not  disarticulate.  Glabrous  through- 
out. Brazil. 

Stem  terete,  fleshy  and  wrinkled.  FBAGILES. 

Stem  very  flat,  striate.  TUNAEFORMES. 

47.    FRAGILES. 

Leaves  reduced  to  small  scales.  Shoots  terete.  Cataphyls  one  or  two 
pairs,  on  the  basal  joint  only.  Flowers  in  4-J-2  series.  Fruit  wrinkled, 
with  somewhat  parted  sepals.  Brazil. 

Internodes  subcylindrical,  very  short.  P.  fragile. 


AEQUATOEIALES— TUNAEFOEMES  141 

PHORADENDRON  FRAGILE  (Urban). 
Phoradendrum  fragile  Urban,  Bot.  Jahrb.  v.  23.  Beibl.  57.  p.  13.    1897. 

Scarcely  forked,  the  rather  short  sometimes  red  branches  with  basal 
cataphyls  only,  dioecious?.  Internodes  short  (2-3x10-25  mm.),  terete, 
fleshy,  more  or  less  papillate.  Cataphyls  a  single  pair  toward  the  base, 
or  two  such  pairs,  blunt  and  widely  spreading.  Leaves  minute,  scale- 
like.  Spikes  more  or  less  clustered,  moderate  (20,  becoming  30  mm.  long), 
with  about  4  subglobose  joints  from  very  few-flowered  to  as  much  as  50- 
flowered  in  4+2  series :  peduncle  nearly  suppressed :  scales  ciliate.  Fruit 
ellipsoidal,  4x5  mm.,  somewhat  wrinkled  but  not  verrucose:  sepals  in- 
flexed  but  scarcely  meeting. — Plate  210. 

Brazilian  region  ( ?  exclusively)  on  Miconia  and  Melastomaceae. — 
The  type  from  Rio  de  Janeiro. 

Specimens  examined: — BRAZIL.  Rio  de  Janeiro,  (Glaziou,  10898, — 
the  type).  Ilha  Grande,  Rio  de  Janeiro  (fRose  &  Russell,  20369).  S. 
Paulo  (Glaziou,  11608).  Goyaz  (Glaziou,  22023). 

48.      TUNAEFORMES. 

Leaves  reduced  to  small  scales.  Shoots  very  thin  and  flat.  Cataphyls 
a  single  pair,  on  the  basal  joint  only.  Flowers  in  4+2  series.  Fruit 
ovoid,  granular,  with  parted  sepals.  Brazil. 

Internodes  elliptical-oblong.  P.  tunaeforme. 

PHORADENDRON  TUNAEFORME  Eichler. 

Phoradendron  tunaeforme  Eichler  in  v.  Martius,  Fl.  Brazil,  vol.  5.  pt.  2. 

p.  108.  pi.  32.  1868. 
Viscum  tunaeforme  de  Candolle,  Prodromus.  vol.  4.  p.  284.   1830. 

More  or  less  pseudodichotomous,  the  elongated  branches  with  basal 
cataphyls  only,  androgynous.  Internodes  short  (1-5x20-30  mm.),  greatly 
flattened,  slightly  papillate,  striately  ribbed.  Cataphyls  a  single  nearly 
basal  pair,  tubular-bifid.  Leaves  minute,  scale-like.  Spikes  more  or  less 
clustered,  very  short  (5  mm.),  usually  of  a  single  joint  about  6-flowered 
in  4+2  series :  peduncle  nearly  suppressed :  scales  scarcely  ciliate.  Fruit 
ovoid,  3x4  mm.,  granular:  sepals  parted. — Plate  210. 

Brazilian  region. — The  type  from  Musquitos. 

Specimens  examined: — BRAZIL.  Serra  de  S.  Feliz,  Musquitos  (PoTd, 
1928,  1839, — the  type  of  V.  tunaeforme,  and  of  V.  articulatum  Pohl  in 
herb.).  Piauhy  (Gardner,  1958).  Lagoa  Santa  (Warming,  17,  384). 
Goyaz  (Glaziou,  22024).  Pernambuco  (Schenck,  4238).  Maracas,  Bahia 
(Ule,  6948).  Bahia  (v.  Martius).  Araraquara,  S.  Paulo  (Lofgren,  1074). 
Without  locality  (Vauthier). 


142  THE  GENUS  PHOEADENDJJUJS 

E.    PARADOXAE. 

Cataphyls  on  alternate  joints  or  in  pne  species  on  all  joints,  the 
branches  normally  percurrent.  Always  glabrous  and  with  foliage  leaves. 
Venezuela. 

Cataphyls  2  or  3  deeply  tubular  pairs.  FENDLERIANAE. 

49.    FENDLERIANAE. 

Leaves  moderate,  rather  thick  and  dull,  somewhat  obscurely  basi- 
nerved.  Shoots  nearly  terete  when  with  cataphyls  or  strongly  ancipital 
when  without  them.  Cataphyls  mostly  2  or  3  pairs,  on  all  joints  or  in 
one  species  on  every  alternate  joint.  Spikes  moderate,  usually  with  rath- 
er large  scales.  Flowers  in  6  series.  Fruit  round,  smooth,  with  nearly 
closed  sepals.  Venezuela  and  Guiana. 

Cataphyls  on  all  joints.  P.  Fendlerianum. 

Cataphyls  on  alternate  joints  only.  P.  paradoxum. 

PHORADENDRON  FENDLERIANUM  Eichler. 

Phoradendron  Fendlerianum  Eichler  in  v.  Martius,  Fl.  Brasil.  vol.  5. 
pt.  2.  p.  129.    1868. 

Scarcely  forked,  the  rather  long  branches  with  cataphyls  on  all  joints, 
dioecious?.  Internodes  moderate  (2-3x50-80  mm.),  smooth,  somewhat 
compressed  above.  Cataphyls  a  nearly  basal  pair  followed  by  a  second 
or  even  a  third  pair  at  intervals  of  10-20  mm.  or  more,  tubular.  Leaves 
round-ovate  or  elliptical,  sometimes  oblique,  very  obtuse  or  emarginate, 
5-7x8-9  cm.,  rather  abruptly  petioled  for  some  10  mm.  Spikes  clustered, 
rather  long  (50-60  mm.),  with  about  5  clavate  joints  scarcely  24-flowered 
in  6  series  when  pistillate:  peduncle  some  10  mm.  long,  usually  with  1 
or  2  pairs  of  basal  scales :  scale-pairs  forming  rather  deep  truncate  cups. 
Fruit  round,  smooth,  4  mm.  in  diameter:  sepals  inflexed  but  slightly 
parted.— Plate  211. 

Venezuelan  region. — The  type  from  Venezuela. 

Specimens  examined: — VENEZUELA.  Tovar  (Fendler,  1102, — the 
type). 

PHORADENDRON  PARADOXUM  (Urban). 

Phoradendrum  paradoxum  Urban,  Bot.  Jahrb.  vol.  23.  Beibl.  57.  p.  8. 
1897. 

Scarcely  forked,  the  moderate  branches  with  cataphyls  on  alternate 
joints,  dioecious?.  Internodes  rather  long  (2-7x50-90  mm.)  and  subterete 
when  with  cataphyls,  shorter  (scarcely  50  mm.)  and  sharply  ancipitally 
flattened  when  lacking  them,  smooth.  Cataphyls  a  pair  some  5  mm.  above 


AEQUATORIALES— CONTINUAE 


143 


the  base,  and  a  second  pair  at  about  the  middle  of  the  joint,  tubular. 
Leaves  round-ovate,  very  obtuse,  3-5x6-8  cm.,  rather  abruptly  petioled 
for  some  10-15  mm.  Spikes  mostly  solitary,  rather  long  (60  mm.),  with 
half  a  dozen  oblong  joints  some  30-  to  60-flowered  in  6  series  when  stam- 
inate :  peduncle  scarcely  5  mm.  long :  scale  pairs  forming  rather  slender 
truncate  cups.  Fruit?. — Plate  212. 

Venezuelan  region. — The  type  from  Venezuela. 

Specimens  examined: — VENEZUELA.    Tovar  (Karsten,  5, — the  type). 

Very  like  the  preceding  except  in  its  internodes,  and  possibly  repre- 
senting its  staminate  form. 

F.     CONTINUAE. 

Cataphyls  on  all  joints,  even  when  the  stem  is  percurrent.  Always 
glabrous  and  with  foliage  leaves.  Throughout  the  range  of  the  Aequa- 
toriales. 

Stem  always  or  prevailingly  percurrent.       .  PERCURRENTES. 

Stem  cymose  or  dichotomous,  rarely  if  ever  percurrent.        DICHOTOMAE. 

III.     PERCURRENTES. 
Branches  percurrent,  even  when  frequently  forked. 

Cataphyls  bearing  flower-spikes  in  their  axils.*  CRASSIFOLIAE. 

Cataphyls  not  subtending  spikes. 
Leaves  penninerved. 

Thick,  dull,  and  opaque.  PIPEROIDES. 

Chartaceous,  glossy  and  veiny.  P.  racemosum. 

Leaves  basinerved. 

Large,  fleshy,  dimidiate.  P.  obliquum. 

Moderate  in  size  and  thickness. 
Equally  nerved  on  both  sides. 
Cataphyls  1  pair. 
Cataphyls  2  or  3  pairs. 
Flowers  in  2  ranks. 
Flowers  in  6  ranks. 

Venulose  above,  heavy-nerved  beneath. 
Spikes  many-flowered. 
Spikes  slender,  few-flowered. 
Very  narrow,  linear. 


GARDNERIANAE. 

P.  Jenmani. 
P.  Fendlerianum. 

FLAVENTES. 

P.  laxiflorum. 

P.  linearifolium. 


*For  comparable  cases  in  other  groups  see  P.  craspedophyllum,  and,  as  exceptions, 
P.  Eggersii,  P.  Glaziovii  and  P.  Wattii.  Flower-scars  have  been  observed  in  the  axils 
of  cataphyls  in  P.  longipetiolatum. 


144  THE  GENUS  PHOEADENDRON 

50.     CRASSIFOLIAE. 

Leaves  large,  ovate,  thick,  but  rather  heavily  basinerved.  Shoots  te- 
rete. Cataphyls  on  all  joints, — several  pairs,  of  which  the  upper  are 
more  or  less  deciduous  and  uniformly  fertile.  Flowers  in  4+2  or  6 
series.  Fruit  round,  nearly  smooth,  with  closed  sepals.  Brazil  to  Cen- 
tral America  and  the  West  Indies. 

Leaves  very  thick  and  dull :  fruit  yellowish.  P.  crassifolium. 

Leaves  thinner  and  glossier :  fruit  red.  P.  martinicense. 

PHORADENDRON  CRASSIFOLIUM  Eichler. 

PJioradendron  crassifolium  Eichler  in  v.  Martius,  Fl.  Brasil.  vol.  5.  pt.  2. 

p.  125.  pi.  40.  1868. 

Viscum  crassifolium  Pohl  in  de  Candolle,  Prodromus.  vol.  4.  p.  280.  1830. 
Phoradendron  pepericarpum  A.  Gray,  U.  S.  Explor.  Exped.  .  .  .  Wilkes. 

vol.  15.  pt.  1,  Botany,  Phanerogamia.  p.  742.   1854. 
Phoradendrum  crassifolium  Urban,  Bot.  Jahrb.  vol.  24.  p.  51.    1897, — 

as  to  the  mainland. 

Occasionally  pseudodichotomous,  the  branches  with  cataphyls  on  all 
joints,  androgynous.  Internodes  rather  long  (2-4x60-80  mm.),  terete. 
Cataphyls  a  sterile  basal  pair  sometimes  rather  closely  followed  by  2  or 
3  other  sterile  pairs,  and  about  3  floriferous  pairs  spaced  along  the  other- 
wise leafless  joint,  subannular.  Leaves  more  or  less  lanceolately  or  ellip- 
tically  ovate,  obtuse  or  blunt-pointed,  3x8  to  8-10x16  cm.,  rounded  at 
base  or  attenuate  for  5-20  mm.  Spikes  sometimes  terminal  as  well  as 
axillary  and  occasionally  forming  a  compound  terminal  inflorescence 
from  the  suppression  of  foliage  near  the  summit,  often  clustered,  mod- 
erate (30  mm.),  with  about  5  round-fusiform  joints  scarcely  10-flowered 
in  4+2  or  6  series :  peduncle  5  mm.  long,  often  with  as  many  as  5  pairs 
of  crowded  scales.  Fruit  (said  to  be  yellowish)  subglobose,  slightly  low- 
granular,  4  mm.  in  diameter :  sepals  closely  inflexed. — Plates  213,  214. 

Brazil  to  Central  America,  on  Bertiera,  Coffea,  Macrocnemum,  Mico- 
nia,  Rondeletia,  Schinus,  etc. — The  type  from  Brazil. 

Specimens  examined: — BRAZIL.  Serra  d'Ourada  (Pohl,  457,  1839, — 
the  type  of  V.  crassifolium;  Luschnath;  Claussen,  43;  Sello,  5266). 
Organ  Mts.  (Wilkes  Exped., — the  type  of  P.  pepericarpum).  Rio  de 
Janeiro  (Riedel;  Glaziou,  1432-3,  1460,  4004  in  part,  4005,  7666,  14884; 
v.  Martius;  Wied-Neuwied;  Peckolt,  624;  Hieronymus  &  Niederlein, 
1878;  Ule,  4598, — with  nearly  sessile  leaves  3x5  cm.).  S.  Paulo  (Burch- 
ell,  3124,  3165;  Lofgren,  799).  Rio  Negro  (Spruce,  1563;  v.  Martius). 
Lagoa  Santa  (Warming,  373).  Sta.  Catarina  (Pabst,  554  in  part;  Ule, 
179).  Mattogrosso  (Moore,  534).  Campinas  (de  Campos  Novaes,  417 
in  part).  Piauhy  (Gardner,  2620).  Pernambuco  (Gardner,  2881 — 


AEQUATORIALES— PIPEROIDES  145 

sometimes  labeled  as  from  Piauhy).  Rio  Colcoene,  Para  (Ducke,  2513). 
Without  locality  (Guillemin,  43).  BOLIVIA.  Yungas  (Rusby,  1387;  Bang, 
657).  Mapiri  (Rusby,  as  host  of  1543).  Tipuani,  Guanai  (Bang,  1717). 
Tumupasa  (Williams,  428,  594).  PERU.  La  Merced  (Weberbauer,  I860). 
Mayobamba  (Martens,  1622 — with  leaves  9x16  cm.,  acuminately  pro- 
duced as  in  var.  Pittieri) .  VENEZUELA.  Tovar  (Fendler,  2396).  With- 
out locality.  (Linden,  43).  BRITISH  GUIANA.  (Jenman,  1217,  2533,  3628, 
•7433). 

Two  Bazilian  forms,  sufficiently  characterized  by  their  names,  are  var. 
wultiflora  Eichler,  1.  c.  p.  125,  from  Sabara,  Minas  Geraes  (Riedel).  San- 
tarem,  Para  (Spruce,  732,  904),  and  Ega,  Amazonas  (Poeppig,  2859,— 
as  Viscum  egense  MS.) — PI.  214;  and  var.  parvifolia  Eichler,  1.  c.  p.  125, 
from  Capocabana,  Minas  Geraes  (Luschnath,  1839).  A  Central  Amer- 
ican form  characterized  by  its  bluntly  acuminate  large  leaves,  may  be 
known  as  var.  Pittieri: — COSTA  RICA.  Buenos  Aires  (Pittier,  3902,  6580), 
General  (Pittier,  3901).  Boruca  (Tonduz,  6863— the  type).  BRITISH 
HONDURAS.  Toledo  (Peck,  824).— Plate  215. 

Phoradendron  martinicense  n.  comb. 
Viscum  martinicense  de  Candolle,  Prodromus.  vol.  4.  p.  280.   1830. 

Closely  resembling  P.  crassifolium,  with  which  it  is  commonly  united, 
but  differing  in  its  rather  thinner  glossier  leaves  and  apparently  red 
fruit.— Plate  216. 

Caribbean  region. — The  type  from  Martinique. 

Specimens  examined: — CARIBBEES.  MARTINIQUE  (Sieber,  227, — the 
type  of  V.  martinicense;  Belanger,  130;  Duss,  101  in  part,  1374b;  Hahn, 
298).  GUADELOUPE  (Duss,  2969  in  part,  3891,  3902  in  part,  3904  in  part, 
4137a).  TRINIDAD  (Broadway,  2596). 

51.     PIPEROIDES. 

Leaves  moderate,  broadly  lanceolate  or  ovate,  thick  with  a  prominent 
midrib  and  obscurely  pinnately  veined  beneath.  Shoots  quickly  terete. 
Cataphyls  on  all  joints,  usually  several  pairs  on  the  lowermost.  Spikes 
rather  slender,  red.  Flowers  in  4,  4+2  or  6  series.  Fruit  ellipsoid,  rath- 
er warty,  with  nearly  closed  sepals.  South  America  to  Mexico  and  the 
West  Indies. 

Leaves  lanceolate  to  ovate  or  elliptical.  P.  piperoides. 

Phoradendron  piperoides  n.  comb. 

Viscum  latifolium  Swartz,  Prod.  Fl.  Ind.  Occ.  vol.  1.  p.  268.   1797,— not 
Lamarck. 


146  THE  GENUS  PHORADENDRON 

Loranthus  piperoides  Iluinboldt,  Bonpland  &  Kunth,  Nov.  Gen.  Sp.  vol. 

3.  p.  443.  1818. 

L.  torulosus  Huniboldt,  Bonpland  &  Kunth,  I.  c.   1818. 
Viscum  tereticaule  and  var.  cubense  de  Candolle,  Prodromus,  vol.  4.  p. 

280.  1830. 

V.  saururoides  de  Candolle,  I.  c.  1830. 
V.  piperoides  de  Candolle,  I.  c.  p.  281.  1830. 
y.  Schottii  Pohl  in  de  Candolle,  I.  c.  p.  281.   1830. 
V.  Fockeanum  Miquel,  Linnaea.  vol.  18.  p.  60.   1844. 
V.  cornifolium  Prcsl,  Epimel.  Bot.  p.  254.   1849. 
y.  ellipticum  Presl.  I.  c.  1849. 
y.  laurifolium  Presl,  I.  c.  p.  255.  1849. 
Phoradendron  Schottii  A.  Gray,  U.  S.  P]xplor.  Exped.  .   .   .  Wilkes.  vol. 

15.  pt.  1,  Botany,  Phanerogamia.  p.  742.   1854. 
P.  latifolium  Grisebach,  Fl.  Br.  W.  I.  p.  314.   I860.— Eichler  in  v.  Mar- 

tius,  Fl.  Brazil,  vol.  5.  pt.  2.  p.  126.  pi.  41, — and  most  writers. 
P.  laurifolium  Eichler,  I.  c.  p.  107.  1868. 
Viscum  teretifolium  Hemsley,  Biol.  Centr.-Amcr.  vol.  3.  p.  85.    1882,— 

name  only,  by  error  for  tereticaule. 
Phoradendron  tereticaule  Index  Kewensis.  vol.  3.  p.  503.    1894, — name 

only. 

P.  Biolleyi  Krause,  Notizbl.  K.  Bot.  Gart.  Dahlem.  vol.  5.  p.  264.   1912. 
Phoradendrum  latifolium  Urban,  Bot.  Jahrb.  vol.  24.  p.  49.  1897. 

Rather  frequently  pseudodichotomous  or  forking,  the  branches  with 
cataphyls  on  all  joints,  androgynous.  Internodes  rather  long  (2-4x40-100 
mm.),  slightly  compressed  above,  quickly  becoming  terete.  Cataphyls 
1  or  2-5  pairs  toward  the  base  of  the  lowest  joint,  a  single  pair  nearly 
basal  or  10-15  mm.  above  the  base  of  the  other  joints,  subannular,  white- 
margined.  Leaves  lanceolate  to  round  ovate,  mucronately  subacute  or 
bluntly  acuminate,  1.5x5  to  mostly  2.5-5x6-10  or  occasionally  7x12  cm., 
subpetioled  for  about  5  mm.  Spikes  mostly  clustered,  usually  dull  red, 
rather  long  (30-60  mm.),  with  half  a  dozen  rather  slender  joints  some 
10-  to  15-flowered  in  4,  4+2  or  exceptionally  6  series :  peduncle  2-3  mm. 
long.  Fruit  yellow  or  orange,  ovoid  or  ellipsoid,  warty  to  smooth,  4x5 
mm. :  sepals  ascending,  usually  somewhat  parted. — Plates  217,  218,  219, 
220,  221,  222.. 

Argentina  to  Mexico  and  the  West  Indies,  in  a  multitude  of  forms, 
on  numerous  dicotyledonous  hosts.  Should  better  knowledge  of  the  plants 
in  nature  render  possible  a  segregation  of  these  forms,  the  types  already 
named  would  center  as  follows: — Antilles,  y.  latifolium,  V.  tereticaule, 
and  V.  tereticaule  cubense  (PI.  221) ;  Andes,  L.  piperoides  and  L.  toru- 
losus (PI.  220)  ;  Brazil,  y.  Schottii  (PI.  217)  ;  Cayenne,  y.  saururoides 
(PI.  221)  and  V.  Fockeanum;  Central  America,  P.  Biolleyi;  Mexico,  V. 


AEQUATORIALE&— PIPEROIDE8  147 

cornifolium  (PI.  222),  V.  ellipticum  (PI.  222),  and  V.  laurifolium  (PI. 
218). 

Specimens  examined: — ANTILLES.  CUBA  (de  la  Ossa, — the  type  of 
V.  tereticaule  cubense;  Baker,  2602;  Britton,  Cowell  &  Shafer,  12928; 
Dewey,  644;  Eggers,  4668,  4724,  4902;  Linden,  1960;  Maxon,  4337;  Ru- 
gel,  270;  Shafer,  331,  3270,  8116,  8517,  8601,  8607,  8737;  Underwood  & 
Earle,  1311;  Van  Hermann,  4887;  Wright,  216=1251a,  217).  JAMAICA 
(Britton,  2687;  Harris,  10339).  SANTO  DOMINGO  (Wright,  Parry  & 
Brummel,  46!)).  HAITI  (Christ,  2232;  Nash  and  Taylor,  1251;  Picarda, 
1605).  PUERTO  Rico  (Britton,  Stevens  &  Hess,  2470,  4888;  Hess,  1913; 
Sintenis,  339,  339c,  1270,  1388,  4154,  4391,  4494,  4614,  4840).  CARIBBEES. 
GUADELOUPE  (Duss,  2969  in  part.  DOMINICA  (Ramage,  1888).  MAR- 
TINIQUE (Duss,  101  and  4418  in  part).  GRENADA  (Broadway,  1021b,  1873; 
(Eggers,  6077,  6396).  ST.  VINCENT  (Smith,  245  in  part,  248).  TOBAQO 
(Broadway,  3982).  TRINIDAD  (Crueger,  1649,  2724;  Fendler,  654;  Hart, 
6118;  Kuntze,  679;  Lunt,  6118).  CAYENNE  REGION.  BRITISH  GUIANA 
(Hostmann  or  Ilostmann  &  Kappler,  729  in  part;  Jenman,  650,  1218, 
2221,  2545,  3781,  3868,  4747;  Wullschlaegel,  991).  SURINAM?  (Schom- 
burgk;  Herb.  Torrey.  ex.  herb.  Schweinitz.) .  FRENCH  GUIANA  (Gabriel, 
1802;  Mus.  Paris,  198;  Patris;  Perrottet,  229,— the  type  of  V.  sauru- 
roides,  1820;  Poiteau,  1819-1821,  1824;  Sagot,  296).  BRAZIL.  Tingua 
(Pohl,  246,  4319,  1828,— the  type  of  V.  Schottii;  Schott).  Ceara  (Gard- 
ner, 1678).  Nouvelle  Fribourg  (Claussen,  44-5).  Piauhy  (Gardner, 
1960, — sometimes  labeled  as  from  Ceara).  Para  (Sieber).  Ilha  Mexicana. 
Para  (Guedes,  2365).  Ilha  Marajo,  Para  (Ducke,  2530b).  Alagoas 
(Gardner,  1320).  Blumenau  (Vie,  850).  Sta.  Catarina  (Holler;  Pabst, 
554  in  part).  S.  Paulo  (Noack).  Puerto  Alegro  (Czermak  &  Reineck, 
367).  Serra  de  S.  Ignacio  (Niederlein,  171).  Matto  Grosso  (Meyer,  720; 
Robert,  522).  Rio  de  Janeiro  (Beyrich;  Glaziou,  1428,  1431,  1435,  4008, 
7661;  Riedel;  Schenck,  2132;  Sello,  498;  Vie,  4800;  Weddell,  378).  "East 
Brazil"  (Luschnath,  1835;  Wied-Neuwied,  1829).  Without  locality 
(Burchell,  3313;  Claussen;  Lund,  385;  v.  Seneloh,  259).  PARAGUAY. 
Asuncion  (Balansa,  2498).  Rio  Tebicuari  (Kuntze,  16).  Cordillera  de 
Altos  (Fiebrig,511 ;  Hassler,  913).  Paraguari  (Balansa,  4722) .  Tobaty 
(Fiebrig,  51;  Hassler,  6364).  "South  Paraguay"  (Kuntze,  17).  AR- 
<;I:XTINA.  Cordillera  de  Mesconas  (Niederlein,  1277).  PERU.  Without 
locality  (Ruiz).  ECUADOR.  Bodega  (Sodiro,  1872).  Nanegal  (Sodiro, 
1874).  Paloo  (Eggers,  14340).  Without  locality  (Eggers,  1 400;  Sodiro, 
148/28).  COLOMBIA.  Popayan  (Bonpland,  1871,— the  type  of  L.  pipe- 
roides;  Bonpland,  3808,— the  type  of  L.  torulosus).  Sta.  Martha  (Smith, 
1278).  VENEZUELA.  Quique  (Fendler,  112).  PANAMA.  Sabana  de  la 
Tortuga,  Chiriqui  (Pittier,  3345).  Caldera,  Chiriqui  (Pittier,  3357). 
ChagreH  (Fendler,  136).  Mindi,  (Hayes,  616).  Bismarck  (Williams, 


148  THE  GENUS  PHOEADEND8ON 

255).  COSTA  RICA.  San  Mateo  (Biolley,  7072;  7078,  1892,.— the  type  of 
P.  Biolleyi).  Buenos  Aires  (Pittier,  3903).  Juis  (Tonduz,  11458-9). 
Without  locality  (Oersted,  3,  3086,  in  part).  NICARAGUA.  Bluefields 
(Herb.  Grisebach.).  GUATEMALA.  Patalul,  Solola  (Kellerman,  5822). 
Torola,  Escuintla  (Smith,  2039).  Cubilquitz,  Alta  Verazaz  (v.  Tuerck- 
heim,8745).  BRITISH  HONDURAS.  Toledo  (Peck,  530).  Manatee  Lagoon 
(Peck,  444).  MEXICO.  "Temperate  East  Mexico"  (Leibold, — the  type  of 
V.  laurifolium).  Without  locality  (Haenke, — the  types  of  V.  corni- 
folium  and  V.  ellipticum).  Fortin  (Kerber,  301).  Orizaba  to  Cordoba 
(Bourgeau,  1962,2175).  Zacuapam  (Purpus,  3693,  3806, 1912).  El  Mira- 
dor  (Sartorius;  Galeotti,  2695;  Liebmann).  Motzorongo  (J.  G.  Smith, 
263). 

The  distinctly  hexastichous  forma  hexasticha,  which  Urban,  under 
Phoradendrum,  (Bot.  Jahrb.  vol.  23.  Beibl.  57.  p.  3.  1897)  bases  upon 
Viscum  cornifolium  Presl  (PL  222),  is  further  represented  from  Mexico 
(Smith,  263),  and  finds  a  counterpart  in  certain  Ecuadorean  specimens 
(Sodiro,  1872,  1874,  148/28) .  Ule's  no.  4800,  from  about  Rio  de  Janeiro, 
presents  the  exceptional  phenomenon  in  the  genus  of  somewhat  branched 
spikes  in  some  cases,  and  may  be  known  as  f .  composita. 

52.     GARDNERIANAE. 

Leaves  rather  small,  more  or  less  indistinctly  basinerved.  Shoots  sub- 
terete  or  variously  compressed,  sometimes  very  thin  and  flat.  Cataphyls 
a  single  basal  pair  on  each  joint.  Flowers  in  4  or  4+2  series.  Fruit 
ovoid,  smooth,  with  parted  sepals.  South  America. 

Shoots  subterete. 

Leaves  ovate,  broad  (2  cm.).  P.  Gardnerianum. 

Leaves  lanceolate,  moderate  (1.5  cm.).  P.  essequibense. 
Leaves  elliptical,  moderate  (1  cm.). 

Shoots  terete.                          .  P.  strongyloclados. 

Shoots  somewhat  compressed.  P.  Johnstoni. 
Leaves  oblong,  narrow  (.5  cm.). 

Leaves  falcate.  P.  surinamense. 

Leaves  not  falcate.  P.  Caesalpiniae. 

Shoots  flat,  often  greatly  dilated.  P.  platycaulon. 

PHORADENDRON  GARDNERIANUM  (Urban). 

Phoradendrum  Gardnerianum  Urban,  Bot.  Jahrb.  vol.  23.  Beibl.  57.  p. 
11.  1897. 

More  or  less  pseudodichotomous  or  cymosely  forked,  the  moderate 
branches  with  cataphyls  on  all  joints,  androgynous.  Internodes  mod- 
erate (2-3x40-70  mm.),  quickly  terete.  Cataphyls  a  single  basal  pair,  or 


AEQUATORIALES— GAEDNEEIANAE  149 

this  closely  followed  by  a  second  on  the  lowermost  joint,  tubular-bifid, 
white-margined.  Leaves  ovate,  very  obtuse,  2-2.5x3-4  cm.,  quickly  nar- 
rowed to  the  sessile  base.  Spikes  mostly  solitary,  rather  short  (25  mm.), 
with  about  4  plump  joints  some  6-flowered  in  4-}-2  series :  peduncle  very 
short,  sometimes  followed  by  a  partly  sterile  joint.  Fruit  (immature) 
ovoid,  smooth,  3  mm.  in  diameter :  sepals  ascending,  nearly  or  quite  meet- 
ing.—Plate  223. 

Brazilian  region. — The  type  from  Piauhy. 

Specimens  examined: — BRAZIL.    Piauhy  (Gardner,  2885,  the  type). 

Phoradendron  essequibense  n.  sp. 

Frequently  forked,  the  moderate  branches  with  cataphyls  on  all 
joints,  androgynous?.  Cataphyls  a  single  nearly  basal  pair,  short-tubular, 
bifid.  Leaves  lanceolate  or  ovate,  mucronately  obtuse  or  bluntly  acumin- 
ate to  subacute,  1-1.5x4  cm.,  cuneately  subsessile.  Spikes  solitary,  short 
(15  mm.),  with  about  3  clavate  rather  slender  joints  verticillately  4-flow- 
ered:  peduncle  almost  suppressed.  Fruit?. — Plate  223. 

Cayenne  region. — The  type  from  Demerara. 

Specimens  examined: — BRITISH  GUIANA  (Jenman,  2252,  Aug.  1886, 
the  type) . 

PHORADENDRON  STRONGYLOCLADOS  Eichler. 

Plioradendron  strongyloclados  Eichler  in  v.  Martius,  Fl.  Brazil,  vol.  5. 
pt.  2.  p.  109.  1868. 

More  or  less  pseudodichotomous  or  verticillate,  or  cymosely  forked, 
the  moderate  branches  with  cataphyls  on  all  joints,  androgynous.  Inter- 
nodes  moderate  (2x25-80  mm.),  quickly  terete.  Cataphyls  a  single  basal 
pair,  tubular-parted.  Leaves  elliptical,  obtuse,  about  1x2-3  or  4  cm., 
cuneately  sessile.  Spikes  more  or  less  clustered,  short  (10-15  mm.),  with 
about  3  very  short  joints  verticillately  about  4-flowered:  peduncle 
scarcely  3  mm.  long,  usually  with  a  basal  pair  of  scales.  Fruit  ovoid, 
3x4  mm.,  smooth,  golden-glistening:  sepals  erect,  widely  parted. — Plate 
224. 

Brazilian  region. — The  type  from  Pernambuco. 

Specimens  examined: — BRAZIL.  Pernambuco  (Gardner,  1029, — the 
type) .  Goyaz  ( Gardner,  3205) . 

Phoradendron  Johnston!  n.  sp. 

Regularly  forked,  the  moderate  branches  with  cataphyls  on  all  joints, 
androgynous?.  Internodes  rather  short  (2-3x20-50  mm.),  at  first  com- 
pressed but  the  lower  terete.  Cataphyls  a  single  nearly  basal  pair,  short- 


150  THE  GENUS  PHORADENDRON 

tubular  or  almost  annular.  Leaves  elliptical,  obtuse,  .6-1x2-3  em.,  rather 
abruptly  sessile.  Spikes  solitary,  short  (scarcely  15  mm.),  with  2  or  3 
plump  joints  verticillately  4-flowered :  peduncle  almost  suppressed.  Fruit 
ellipsoid,  smooth,  4x5  mm. :  sepals  erect,  parted. — Plate  225. 

Venezuelan  region. — The  type  from  Venezuela. 

Specimens  examined: — VENEZUELA.  Cocke  Island  (Johnston,  10, 
Aug.  5, 1903,— the  type). 

PHORADENDRON  SURINAMENSE  Pulle. 

PTioradendron  surinamense  Pulle,  Enum.  Vase.  PI.  ...  Surinam,  p.  155. 
pi.  1906. 

More  or  less  pseudodichotomous  or  divaricately  cruciform,  the  mod- 
erate branches  with  cataphyls  on  all  joints,  androgynous.  Internodes 
moderate  (2x40-60  mm.),  quickly  terete.  Cataphyls  a  single  nearly  basal 
pair,  short-tubular.  Leaves  somewhat  f  alcately  oblong  or  lanceolate,  ob- 
tuse, .5x2.5-4.5  cm.,  sessile.  Spikes  mostly  solitary,  short  (10  mm.),  with 
some  3  clavately  thickened  joints  about  6-flowered  in  4+2  series :  pedun- 
cle 2-3  mm.  long,  often  with  a  basal  pair  of  scales.  Fruit?. — Plate  226. 

Cayenne  region. — The  type  from  Surinam. 

Specimens  examined: — SURINAM  (Versteeg,  239,  1903, — the  type). 

PHORADENDRON  CAESALPINIAE  Ule. 
Phoradendron  Caesalpiniae  Ule,  Bot.  Jahrb.  vol.  42.  p.  200.   1908. 

More  or  less  pseudodichotomous  or  fascicled.  The  rather  long 
branches  with  cataphyls  on  all  joints,  androgynous.  Internodes  rather 
long  (2x50-100  mm.),  varnished,  terete.  Cataphyls  a  single  basal  pair, 
annular.  Leaves  narrowly  elliptical-oblong,  obtuse,  .5x3  cm.,  sessile. 
Spikes  more  or  less  clustered,  short  (15-20  mm.),  with  about  3  tumid 
joints  about  6-flowered  in  4+2  series :  peduncle  about  3  mm.  long,  with 
a  basal  pair  of  scales.  Fruit  (immature)  ovoid,  smooth,  3x4  mm. :  sepals 
erect,  parted. — Plate  225. 

Brazilian  region  on  Caesalpinia  etc. — The  type  from  Bahia. 

Specimens  examined: — BRAZIL.  Calderao,  Bahia  (Ule,  7243,  Oct. 
1906,  the  type). 

PHORADENDRON  PLATYCAULON  Eichler. 

Plioradendron  platycaulon  Eiehler,  in  v.  Martius,  Fl.  Brazil,  vol.  5.  pt.  2. 
p.  108.  pi.  33.  1868. 

More  or  less  pseudodichotomous,  the  rather  long  branches  with  cata- 
phyls on  all  joints,  androgynous.  Internodes  moderate  (2x40-60  mm.), 
flattened  or  dilated  to  a  width  of  5-8  mm.  and  striate.  Leaves  oblong 


AEQUATORIALES— FLAVENTES  151 

cr  elliptical,  mucronately  very  obtuse,  .3-.5x3-4  cm.,  or  .8x2  cm.,  quickly 
subsessile.  Spikes  more  or  less  clustered,  short  (15,  becoming  scarcely  25 
mm.),  with  about  3  swollen  joints  verticillately  4-  to  6-flowered:  peduncle 
scarcely  2  mm.  long,  sometimes  with  a  basal  pair  of  scales.  Fruit  red 
or  yellow,  ovoid,  smooth,  3x5  mm. :  sepals  erect,  parted. — Plate  227. 

Brazilian  region. — The  type  from  Para. 

Specimens  examined: — BRAZIL.  Barra,  Rio  Negro  (Spruce,  1850-51; 
Riedel;  v.  Martins}.  Santarem,  Para  (Spruce,  1=226,  2=228,  1849-50, 
—the  type).  Rio  de  Janeiro  (Glaziou,  13925a).  CAYENNE.  Without  data 
( ?Herb.  Mus.  Paris.). 

53.     FLAVENTES. 

Leaves  rather  large,  lanceolate  or  ovate,  usually  sharply  basinerved 
and  reticulate  above,  but  heavy-nerved  and  veinless  beneath.  Shoots  2- 
edged  to  nearly  terete.  Cataphyls  on  all  joints,  usually  2  or  3  pairs  on 
the  lowermost  and  a  single  pair  at  some  distance  above  the  base  on  the 
others,  triangular,  keeled  and  pointed.  Flowers  usually  in  6  series.  Fruit 
rather  ellipsoid,  nearly  smooth,  with  closed  sepals.  Central  and  South 
America ;  one  species  in  the  West  Indies. 

Flowers  in  6  series. 

Leaves  dull  and  veinless :  peduncles  long.  P.  pachyphyllum. 

Leaves  glossy  and  reticulated  above. 

Peduncle  rather  long.  P.  Knoopii. 

Peduncle  short. 

Leaves  ovate-lanceolate. 

Spikes  very  long,  with  elongated  joints. 

Leaves  moderate  (4x6  cm.).    P.  chrysocladon. 
Leaves  large  (5x10  cm.).     P.  membranaceum. 
Spikes  with  short  joints.  P.  quinquenervium. 

Leaves  lanceolate. 

Moderate,  subsessile. 

Shoots  scarcely  keeled.      P.  supravenulosum. 
Shoots  sharply  2-lined.  P.  flavens. 

Large,  more  petioled.  P.  trisulcatum. 

Flowers  in  about  8  (6-10)  series. 

Spikes  relatively  slender,  short-stalked.  P.  Urbanianum. 

Spikes  very  stout :  peduncle  elongated.  P.  Lindavianum. 

Phoradendron  pachyphyllum  n.  sp. 

More  or  less  pseudodichotomous,  the  rather  long  branches  with  cata- 
phyls  on  all  joints,  androgynous?.  Internodes  moderate  (3-5x60-80  mm.), 
nearly  smooth,  2-edged.  Cataphyls  a  single  pair  10-15  mm.  above  the 
base,  deltoid,  keeled  and  pointed.  Leaves  round-elliptical,  obtuse,  5-6x7-9 


152  THE  GENUS  PHOBADENDEON 

cm.,  wing-petioled  for  10  mm.,  3-  to  5-nerved,  drying  rather  thick  and 
veinless.  Spikes  solitary,  long  (100  mm.),  with  about  5  elongated  joints 
some  40-  to  60-flowered  in  6  series:  peduncle  10-15  mm.  long,  the  lower 
scales  forming  large  funnel-shaped  tubes.  Fruit  (very  immature)  ap- 
parently round,  nearly  smooth :  sepals  inflexed. — Plate  228. 

Venezuelan  region. — The  type  from  Venezuela. 

Specimens  examined: — VENEZUELA.  Tovar  (Fendler,  1103,  1103/3,— 
the  type). 

Phoradendron  Knoopii  Warburg  n.  sp. 

Plioradendron  Knoopii  Warburg,  Tropenpflanzer.  vol.  9.  p.  635.   1905, — 
name  only. 

More  or  less  pseudodichotomous,  the  rather  long  branches  with  cata- 
phyls  on  all  joints,  androgynous?.  Internodes  moderate  (2-3x60-80  mm.), 
granular,  subterete.  Cataphyls  usually  a  nearly  basal  pair  followed  by  a 
second  pair  some  25  mm.  higher  on  the  lowest  joint,  solitary  and  15-20 
mm.  above  the  base  on  the  others,  deltoid,  keeled  and  pointed.  Leaves 
lanceolate  to  elliptical,  mucronately  obtuse  to  long-acuminate,  3-6.5x6-9 
or  10  cm.,  wing-petioled  for  some  5-10  mm.,  5-nerved,  drying  thin  and 
orange.  Spikes  mostly  solitary,  long  (50  mm.  or  more),  with  some  4 
oblong  joints  about  40-flowered  in  6  series :  peduncle  about  5  mm.  long. 
Fruit  yellow,  round,  nearly  smooth,  3  mm.  in  diameter:  sepals  closely 
inflexed.— Plate  228. 

Venezuelan  region. — The  type  from  Venezuela. 

Specimens  examined: — VENEZUELA.  Caracas  (Knoop,  Hi  &.,  1905, 
the  type). 

PHORADENDRON  CHRYSOCLADON  A.  Gray. 

Phoradendron  chrysocladon  A.  Gray,  U.  S.  Explor.  Exped.  .   .  .  Wilkes. 

vol.  15.  pt.  1,  Botany,  Phanerogamia.  p.  743.   1854. 
P.  flavum  Eichler  in  v.  Martius,  Fl.  Brasil.  vol.  5.  pt.  2.  p.  106.   1868,— 

as  to  Brazil. 
P.  flavens  Eichler  in  v.  Martius,  Fl.  Brasil.  vol.  5.  pt.  2.  p.  116,  for  the 

most  part.  1868. 
Phoradendrum  reticulatum  Urban,  Bot.  Jahrb.  vol.  23.  Beibl.  57.  p.  12. 

1897. 

More  or  less  pseudodichotomous,  the  rather  long  branches  with  cata- 
phyls  on  all  joints,  drying  yellow,  androgynous?.  Internodes  moderate 
(2-5x40-80  mm.),  minutely  cellular-papillate,  the  upper  ancipital  or  2- 
edged.  Cataphyls  a  single  pair  about  5  mm.  above  the  base,  or  several 
on  the  lowermost  joint,  very  short  and  broad,  keeled  and  pointed.  Leaves 
round-ovate,  acuminate  and  often  recurved  at  tip,  3-4x5-7  cm.,  rather 
abruptly  wing-petioled  for  5-10  mm.  Spikes  mostly  solitary,  moderate 
to  long  (20-30,  lengthening  to  50-80  mm.  in  fruit),  with  3-8  oblong  joints 


AEQUATORIALES— FLAVENTES  153 

20-  to  30-flowered  in  4-f2  or  6  series :  peduncle  about  3  mm.  long,  often 
followed  by  a  sterile  joint:  scales  forming  rather  large  funnel-shaped 
tubes.  Fruit  round-ovoid,  nearly  smooth,  4  mm.  in  diameter:  sepals 
closely  innexed.— Plates  229,  230. 

Brazilian  region  ( ?  exclusively)  on  Tapira. — The  type  from  Rio  de 
Janeiro. 

Specimens  examined : — BRAZIL.  Near  Rio  de  Janeiro  ( Wilkes  Exped., 
1838-42, — the  type;  Riedel).  Villa  Nova,  near  Rio  de  Janeiro  (Glaziou, 
7664,  May  1874, — the  type  of  P.  reticulatum) .  Bahia  (Saltzmann,  302}. 

Phoradendron  membranaceum  n.  sp. 

More  or  less  pseudodichotomous,  the  rather  long  branches  with  cata- 
phyls  on  all  joints,  androgynous?.  Internodes  moderate  (2-3x50-80  mm.), 
striate,  terete.  Cataphyls  nearly  basal,  broadly  triangular,  keeled  and 
pointed.  Leaves  lanceolate  to  very  broadly  elliptical,  acuminate  at  both 
ends,  5-7.5x10-13  cm.,  subpetioled  for  about  10  mm.,  5-nerved,  drying 
green  and  thin.  Spikes  mostly  solitary,  long  (50,  becoming  90  or  100 
mm.),  with  half  a  dozen  joints  some  30-flowered  in  6  series:  peduncle 
5  mm.  long.  Fruit  (immature)  subglobose,  smooth,  3  mm.  in  diameter: 
sepals  closely  indexed. — Plate  231. 

Andean  region. — The  type  from  Ecuador. 

Specimens  examined: — ECUADOR.  S.  Miguel  (Sodiro,  148/18, 1883,— 
the  type).  Naneg  (Sodiro,  e). 

PHORADENDRON  QUINQUENERVIUM  Krause. 

Phoradendron  quinquenervium  Krause,  Notizbl.  K.  Bot.  Gart.  Dahlem. 
vol.  5.  p.  264.  1912. 

More  or  less  pseudodichotomous,  the  rather  long  branches  with  cata- 
phyls  on  all  joints,  androgynous?.  Internodes  moderate  (2-5x40-60  mm.), 
rather  granular,  somewhat  hexagonal  or  2-edged  above.  Cataphyls  a 
single  pair,  5-10  mm.  above  the  base,  triangular,  keeled  and  pointed. 
Leaves  elliptical  or  lance-ovate,  abruptly  short-acuminate,  3-3.5x6-7  cm., 
abruptly  subsessile.  Spikes  mostly  solitary,  rather  long  (40-60  mm.), 
with  about  10  short  rounded  joints  some  24-flowered  in  6  series :  peduncle 
almost  suppressed.  Fruit?. — Plate  231. 

Isthmian  region. — The  type  from  Costa  Rica. 

Specimens  examined: — COSTA  RICA.  Juiz  (Tonduz,  11457,— Nov. 
1897,— the  type). 


154  THE  GENUS  PHORADENDRON 

Phoradendron  supravemilosum  n.  sp. 

More  or  less  pseudodichotomous,  the  rather  long  branches  with  cata- 
phyls  on  all  joints,  androgynous?.  Internodes  moderate  (2-3x40-60  mm.), 
somewhat  granular,  more  or  less  hexagonally  lined  above.  Cataphyls  a 
single  pair,  5-10  mm.  above  the  base,  deltoid,  keeled  and  pointed.  Leaves 
obliquely  broadly  lanceolate,  more  or  less  acuminately  pointed,  3-6x9-12 
cm.,  rather  gradually  subsessile,  5-nerved.  Spikes  mostly  clustered,  rather 
long  (40-70  mm.),  with  about  10  short  joints  covered  by  some  24-40  flow- 
ers in  6  series:  peduncle  almost  suppressed.  Fruit  (immature)  appar- 
ently to  be  elongated  and  somewhat  granular :  sepals  closely  inflexed. — 
Plate  232. 

Guatemalan  and  Isthmian  regions  on  Coffea,  Piper,  Siparuma,  etc. — 
The  type  from  Guatemala. 

Specimens  examined: — GUATEMALA.  Cubilquitz,  Alta  Verapaz  (v. 
Tuerckheim,  7967,  8574,  Aug.  1903 — the  type).  NICARAGUA.  Chontales 
(Tate,"129  (198),"  1867-8).  COSTARICA.  Tucurrique  (Tonduz,  12749). 
Without  locality  (Endres,  139). 

PHORADENDRON  FLAVENS  Grisebach. 

PTioradendron  flavens  Grisebach,  Fl.  Br.  W.  I.  p.  313.   1860. 

Viscum  flavens  Swartz,  Prodr.  Fl.  Ind.  Occ.  p.  32.    1788. — de  Candolle, 

Prodromus.  vol.  4.  p.  282. 

V.  macrophyllum  Macfadyen,  Fl.  Jamaica,  vol.  2.  p.  195.   1850. 
Phoradendrum  flavens  Urban,  Bot.  Jahrb.  vol.  24.  p.  50.    1897, — as  to 

the  Antilles. 

More  or  less  pseudodichotomous,  the  rather  long  branches  with  cata- 
phyls  on  all  joints,  androgynous.  Internodes  moderate  (3-5x40-80  mm.), 
granular,  2-keeled  with  decussate  rotation  at  the  nodes  and  cataphyls. 
Cataphyls  2  or  3  pairs  on  the  lower  third  of  the  lowest  joint,  a  single  pair 
some  10  mm.  above  the  base  of  the  others,  broadly  triangular,  keeled  and 
pointed.  Leaves  more  or  less  obliquely  acuminate,  4-7x  some  10-15  cm., 
cuneately  subpetioled,  5-  to  7-nerved.  Spikes  more  or  less  clustered, 
rather  long  (20-35,  lengthening  to  60  mm.),  with  half  a  dozen  rather 
short  joints  some  24-flowered  in  6  series:  peduncle  almost  suppressed, 
often  followed  by  a  sterile  joint.  Fruit  yellow,  ovoid,  nearly  smooth, 
3x4  mm. :  sepals  closely  inflexed. — Plate  233. 

Antillean  region  (  ?  exclusively)  on  Guarea. — The  type  from  Jamaica. 

Specimens  examined: — ANTILLES.  JAMAICA.  (McFadyen, — the  type 
of  V.  macropyllum;  Purdie;  Harris,  6203;  Britton,  180,  3968;  Watt, 
6219). 


AEQUATOEIALES— FLAVENTES  155 

Phoradendron  flavens  australe  n.  var. 

Differing  from  the  type,  as  pointed  out  by  Urban  (Bot.  Jahrb.  vol.  24. 
p.  51.),  in  its  3-  to  5-nerved  leaves,  nearly  twice  as  numerous  12-  to  20- 
flowered  spike-joints,  and  rounder  white  berries. 

Caribbean  region  ( ?  exclusively)  on  Inga. — The  type  from  St.  Vin- 
cent. 

Specimens  examined: — CARIBBEES.  DOMINICA  (Imray,  216,  386; 
Lloyd,  208;  Eggers,  661,  946).  ST.  VINCENT  (Eggers,  6746, — the  type; 
Guilding;  Smith,  374).  GRENADA  (Broadway,  1019;  Eggers,  6398). 
TRINIDAD  (Crueger,  111,  2720;  Hooker  herb.). 

Phoradendron  trisulcatum  n.  sp. 

More  or  less  pseudodichotomous,  the  long  branches  with  cataphyls  on 
all  joints,  androgynous?.  Internodes  long  (2-5x100  mm.  or  more),  gran- 
ular, somewhat  ancipital.  Cataphyls  a  nearly  basal  pair  followed  at 
some  30  mm.  by  a  second  on  the  lowest  joint,  a  single  pair  15-20  mm. 
above  the  base  of  the  others,  very  broad,  keeled  and  pointed.  Leaves 
f  alcately  lanceolate  to  round-elliptical,  acute  at  both  ends,  4-9x14-16  cm., 
wing-petioled  for  10  mm.,  sulcately  3-nerved  above.  Spikes  mostly  soli- 
tary, moderate  (20-30  mm.),  with  4-7  joints  some  18-flowered  in  4+2 
series :  peduncle  nearly  suppressed.  Fruit?. — Plate  234. 

Andean  region. — The  type  from  Ecuador. 

Specimens  examined: — ECUADOR.  Mt.  Chimborazo,  at  2500-3000  ft. 
(Spruce,  6202,  Aug.  I860,— the  type). 

PHORADENDRON  URBANIANUM  Ule. 

Phoradendron  Urbanianum  Ule,  Verhandl.  Bot.  Verein  Prov.  Branden- 
burg, vol.  48.  p.  157.  1906. 

Scarcely  forked,  drying  olive,  the  moderate  branches  with  cataphyls 
on  all  joints,  dioecious?.  Internodes  moderate  (2-4x40-60  mm.),  some- 
what granular,  quickly  terete,  dilated  below  the  nodes.  Cataphyls  a  sin- 
gle pair  about  5  mm.  above  the  base,  deltoid,  keeled  and  pointed.  Leaves 
elliptical-lanceolate,  mucronately  acuminate  to  obtuse,  5-7x8-13  cm.,  cu- 
neately  wing-petioled  for  about  10  mm.  Spikes  solitary,  moderate  (about 
50  mm.),  with  about  4  oblong  joints  some  30-flowered  in  6  series:  pedun- 
cle somewhat  granular,  3x4  mm.  Fruit?. — Plate  234. 

Andean  region. — The  type  from  Peru. 

Specimens  examined: — PERU.  Cerro  de  Escaler  (Ule,  6681, — the 
type). 

PHORADENDRON  LINDAVIANUM  Patschovsky. 

Phoradendron  Lindavianum  Patschovsky,  Bot.  Jahrb.  vol.  45.  p.  438. 
1911. 


1£6  THE  GENUS  PHOEADENDEON 

Scarcely  forked,  drying  golden  yellow,  the  long  thick  branches  with 
cataphyls  on  all  joints,  dioecious.  Internodes  long  (3-8x100-125  mm.), 
granular,  somewhat  hexagonally  flattened,  dilated  below  the  nodes.  Cata- 
phyls a  single  pair,  about  10  mm.  above  the  base,  deltoid,  keeled  and 
pointed.  Leaves  elliptical-ovate,  more  or  less  mucroiiately  obtuse  to 
emarginate,  4x9  to  10x15  cm.,  cuneately  wing-petioled  for  10  mm.  Spikes 
solitary,  very  long  (60  to  over  100  mm.),  with  about  4  thick  cylindrical 
joints  often  over  100-flowered  in  about  8  (6-10)  series:  peduncle  gran- 
ular, 5-10  mm.  long.  Fruit  (immature)  elongated,  nearly  smooth,  3x5 
mm. :  sepals  closely  inflexed. — Plate  235. 

Andean  region  (  ?  exclusively)  on  Aralia. — The  type  from  Peru. 

Specimens  examined : — PERU.  Catani,  between  Sandia  and  Chunchus- 
mayo  (Weberbauer,  1288,  July  25,  1902, — the  type).  Cucharo  (Poep- 
pig,  1829-30,  in  the  Vienna  herbarium) . 

IV.     DICHOTOMAE. 

Normally  forking  at  every  node,  the  branches  therefore  not  percur- 
rent  though  sometimes  ending  in  a  flower-spike. 

Leaves  basinerved. 

Venulose  above,  obscurely  nerved  beneath.  HUALLAGENSES. 

Equally  nerved  and  veiny  on  both  sides,  or  opaque. 

Small.  GARDNERIANAE. 

Moderate  or  large. 

Coriaceous  or  moderately  thin. 

With  terminal  spikes  in  the  forks.  CYMOSAE. 

Not  cymose.  P.  Jenmani. 

Very  large  and  thick,  dimidiate.  P.  obliquum. 

Leaves  penninerved. 
Thick  and  flat. 

Obscurely  nerved.  P.  Norfhropiae. 

Evanescently  heavy-nerved.  P.  Eggersii. 

Chartaceous,  veiny,  often  revolute.  P.  racemosum. 

54.     HUALLAGENSES. 

Leaves  moderate,  acuminately  ovate-lanceolate,  drying  rather  thin 
with  the  lower  surface  smooth  but  heavily  basinerved  and  the  upper  re- 
ticulately  veiny  and  more  or  less  venulose.  Shoots  terete.  Cataphyls 
typically  a  single  pair,  nearly  basal  on  all  joints, — the  branches  being 
sometimes  percurrent,  and  sometimes  cymosely  dichotomous,  and  rarely 
without  cataphyls  on  some  joints.  Flowers  in  2  or  4  series.  Fruit  ovoid, 
rather  rough,  with  nearly  closed  sepals.  South  America. 

Spikes  short  (20-30  mm.),  with  short  joints.  P.  Tiuallagense. 

Spikes  long  (50  mm.),  with  long  joints.  P.  laxiflorum. 


AEQUATOBIALES— CYMOSAE  157 

PHORADENDRON  HUALLAGENSE  Ule. 

Phoradendron  Tiuallagense  Ule,  Verhandl.  Bot.  Verein  Prov.  Branden- 
burg, vol.  48.  p.  158.   1906. 

Cymosely  dichotomous,  the  moderately  long  slender  branches  there- 
fore with  cataphyls  on  all  joints,  dioecious?.  Internodes  moderate  (2x 
40-60  mm.),  striate  rather  than  granular,  nearly  terete  but  somewhat 
dilated  below  the  nodes.  Cataphyls  a  single  nearly  basal  pair,  triangular, 
pointed.  Leaves  ovate-lanceolate,  mucronately  acuminate  to  very  obtuse, 
2-2.5x5-6  cm.,  cuneately  subsessile.  Spikes  solitary,  short  (10,  scarcely 
lengthening  to  30  mm.),  with  about  4  short  joints  4-flowered  about  the 
middle  when  pistillate;  peduncle  scarcely  2  mm.  long.  Fruit  white, 
elongated,  granular-roughened,  2x4  mm. :  sepals  erect,  somewhat  parted. 
—Plate  237. 

Andean  region. — The  type  from  Peru. 

Specimens  examined: — PERU.  Huallaga,  Loreto  (Ule,  6664, — the 
type) . 

PHORADENDRON  LAXIFLORUM  Ule. 

Phoradendron  laxiflorum  Ule,  Verhandl.  Bot.  Verein  Prov.  Brandenburg, 
vol.  48.  p.  158.  1906. 

More  or  less  pseudodichotomous  or  exceptionally  cymosely  forked,  the 
long  slender  branches  with  varying  cataphyls,  dioecious?.  Internodes 
rather  long  (2x30-70  mm.),  granular,  nearly  terete  but  somewhat  dilated 
below  the  nodes.  Cataphyls  typically  a  single  nearly  basal  pair,  excep- 
tionally 3  pairs,  and  on  one  shoot  absent  from  two  internodes,  triangular, 
keeled  and  pointed.  Leaves  ovate-lanceolate,  aristately  acuminate,  2.5-3x 
5-7  cm.,  rather  abruptly  wing-petioled  for  scarcely  5  mm.  Spikes  soli- 
tary, rather  long  (25,  lengthening  to  40-50  mm.),  with  about  5  very  slen- 
der joints  some  10  mm.  long  2-flowered  near  the  top  when  pistillate: 
peduncle  some  3  mm.  long,  with  a  pair  of  scales  toward  the  base.  Fruit 
(immature)  subellipsoid,  nearly  smooth,  3x5  mm. :  sepals  erect,  nearly 
meeting. — Plate  236. 

Brazilian  region. — The  type  from  Amazonas. 

Specimens  examined: — BRAZIL.  Sta.  Clara,  Jurua,  Amazonas  (Ule, 
5251,  Oct.  1900,— the  type) . 

55.     CYMOSAE. 

Leaves  often  comparatively  large,  drying  thin  and  distinctly  pal- 
mately  fine-nerved.  Shoots  ancipital  or  terete.  Branching  cymosely 
dichotomous,  each  internode  being  succeeded  by  a  spike  and  2  axillary 
branches,  so  that  all  joints  are  really  basal  and  hence  with  1  or  usually  2 
pairs  of  cataphyls.  Flowers  mostly  in  6  series.  Fruit  round,  nearly 


158  THE  GENUS  PHORADENDKON 

smooth,  with  closed  sepals.    South  America,  the  Galapagos  Islands,  and 
the  West  Indies. 

Spikes  slender:  leaves  broadly  lanceolate.  P.  dichotomum. 

Spikes  moderate. 

Leaves  broad  (1 :2) . 
Eound-obovate. 

Spike- joints  turbinate.  P.  cymosum. 

Spike-joints  oblong.  P.  galapageium. 

Broadly  lanceolate  or  ovate.  P.  Henslovii. 

Leaves  elongated  (1 :5).  P.  uncinatum. 

Spikes  stout. 

Leaves  elongated. 

Lanceolate.  P.  campinense. 

Lance-oblong,  thick.  P.  Holtonis. 

Leaves  orbicular.  P.  Lindeni. 

PHOEADENDRON  DICHOTOMUM  (Krug  &  Urban). 

Viscum  dichotomum  Bertero  in  Sprengel,  Syst.  vol.  1.  p.  488.  1825. 
Viscum  Berterianum  de  Candolle,  Prodromus.  vol.  4.  p.  281.  1830. 
PTioradendron  Berterianum  Eichler  in  v.  Martius,  Fl.  Brasil.  vol.  5.  pt.  2. 

p.  127.  1868. 

P.  Giordanae  Warburg,  Tropenpflanzer.  vol.  9.  p.  635.  1905, — name  only. 
Phoradendrum  dichotomum  Krug  &  Urban,  Bot.  Jahrb.  vol.  24.  p.  48. 

1897. 

Forked  at  every  node,  sometimes  with  a  terminal  spike,  the  rather 
long  slender  branches  therefore  with  cataphyls  on  all  joints,  androgy- 
nous. Internodes  rather  long  (1-3x30-80  mm.),  the  upper  transiently 
more  or  less  rhombically  compressed.  Cataphyls  a  nearly  basal  pair  fol- 
lowed at  10-20  mm.  by  a  second,  exceptionally  a  third  pair  interposed, 
not  tubular,  acute,  white-margined.  Leaves  lanceolate,  mucronately  sub- 
acute,  2-3x6-9  or  even  5x12  cm.,  euneately  subpetioled  for  scarcely  5  mm. 
Spikes  mostly  solitary,  long  (40-75  mm.),  with  about  4  slender  joints 
some  18-  to  40-flowered  in  4-(-2  series :  peduncle  2  mm.  long,  followed  by 
a  sterile  joint :  scales  scarcely  ciliate.  Fruit  white,  round,  nearly  smooth, 
4  mm.  in  diameter:  sepals  inflexed. — Plates  237,  238,  239. 

Antillean  region  on  Mangifera,  Petitia,  Trichttia,  etc. — The  type 
from  Santo  Domingo. 

Specimens  examined: — ANTILLES.  CUBA  (Wright,  216,  437,  1251; 
Shafer,  8817}.  PUERTO  Kico  (Sintenis,  23451),  2348,  3058,  4288,  6114, 
6419).  HAITI  (Buch,  454;  Christ,  2096;  Picarda,  215;  Nash,  633;  Nash 
&  Taylor,  1151}.  STO.  DOMINGO  (Bertero,  710, — the  type  of  V.  dichoto- 
mum, from  Sprengel  in  the  Presl  herbarium ;  Bertero,  1821, — the  type  of 
V.  Berterianum;  Poiteau,  617,  1802 ;  Wright,  Parry  &  Brummel,  464}. 


AEQUATORIALES— CYMOSAE  159 

An  extreme  with  round-ovate  leaves  5-6x7-10  cm.,  is  var.  ovatifolia, — 
Phoradendrum  dickotomum  ovatifolium,  Krug  &  Urban,  1.  c.  p.  49,  from 
Sto.  Domingo  (Eggers,  1845).— Plate  239. 

PHORADENDRON  CYMOSUM  (Urban). 
Phoradendrum  cymosum  Urban,  Bot.  Jahrb.  vol.  23.  Beibl.  57.  p.  7.  1897. 

Cymosely  dichotomous,  the  moderate  branches  therefore  with  cata- 
phyls  on  all  joints,  androgynous.  Internodes  moderate  (2-3x40-60  mm.), 
the  upper  transiently  more  or  less  rhombically  compressed.  Cataphyls  a 
nearly  basal  pair,  often  followed  at  some  20  mm.  by  a  second  pair,  some- 
what tubular,  white-margined.  Leaves  round-elliptical,  obtuse  or  sub- 
emarginate,  2-3.5x4-6  cm.,  gradually  subpetiolately  contracted  for  about 
5  mm.  Spikes  mostly  solitary,  moderate  (30,  becoming  60  mm.  in  fruit), 
with  half  a  dozen  fusiform  joints  rather  turbinately  some  30-flowered  in 
4+2  or  6  series :  peduncle  3  mm.  long :  scales  scarcely  ciliate.  Fruit  (im- 
mature) white,  subglobose,  slightly  low-granular,  3-4  mm.  in  diameter: 
sepals  inflexed. — Plate  240. 

Venezuelan  region  on  Persea  etc. — The  type  from  Venezuela. 

Specimens  examined: — VENEZUELA.  Caracas  (Gollmer,  Jan.  1856, — 
the  type). 

PHORADENDRON  GALAPAGEIUM  Robinson. 

PJioradendron  galapageium  Robinson,  Proc.  Amer.  Acad.  vol.  38.  p.  133. 

1902. 
Viscum  galapageium  Hooker  f.,  Trans.  Linn.  Soc.  vol.  20.  p.  216.  1845. 

Cymosely  dichotomous,  the  moderate  branches  therefore  with  cata- 
phyls  on  all  joints,  androgynous?.  Internodes  rather  long  (2-3x50-100 
mm.) ,  nearly  terete.  Cataphyls  a  nearly  basal  pair  followed  at  5-35  mm. 
by  a  second  pair,  scarcely  tubular,  white-margined.  Leaves  obovate  to 
sublanceolate,  mucronate,  very  obtuse  to  subacute,  1.5-3x3-4  cm.,  cune- 
ately  subpetioled  for  about  5  mm.  Spikes  (immature)  rather  short 
(25-30  mm.),  with  about  5  short  plump  joints  some  20-flowered  in  4+2 
or  6  series:  peduncle  scarcely  2  mm.  long.  Fruit?. — Plate  241. 

Galapageian  region. — The  type  from  Chatham  Island. 

Not  seen  in  any  recognizable  specimens, — the  description  based  on  the 
original  account  and  the  photograph  of  the  type  here  reproduced. 

PHORADENDRON  HENSLOVH  Robinson. 

PJioradendron  Henslovii  Robinson,  Proc.  Amer.  Acad.  vol.  38.  p.  133. 

1902. 
Viscum  Henslovii  Hooker  f.,  Trans.  Linn.  Soc.  vol.  20.  p.  216.   1845. 


160  THE  GENUS  PHOEADENDEON 

fV.  florianum  Andersson,  Handl.  Akad.  Stockholm.    1853.  p.  92. 
fP.  florianum  Kobinson,  I.  c.  1902. 

Cymosely  dichotomous,  the  moderate  branches  therefore  with  cata- 
phyls  on  all  joints,  androgynous?.  Internodes  rather  long  (2-3x50-80  or 
150  mm.),  nearly  terete.  Cataphyls  a  nearly  basal  pair  followed  at  5-15 
or  even  30  or  40  mm.  by  a  second  pair,  scarcely  tubular,  white-margined. 
Leaves  ovate  to  broadly  lanceolate,  mucronate,  very  obtuse  to  subacute, 
2.5-4x4-10  cm.,  rather  abruptly  petioled  for  5  mm.  Spikes  more  or  less 
clustered,  long  (50-70  mm.),  with  some  half-dozen  fusiform  joints  turbi- 
nately  about  30-flowered  in  4-f-2  or  6  series:  peduncle  scarcely  5  mm. 
long.  Fruit  (immature)  subglobose,  somewhat  low-granular,  3  mm.  in 
diameter :  sepals  inflexed. — Plates  242,  243. 

Galapageian  region. — The  type  from  Charles  Island. 

Specimens  examined : — GALAPAGOS  ISLANDS.  CHATHAM  (Steindachner, 
67;  Bauer,  286).  ABINGDON  (Snodgrass  &  Heller,  825).  ALBEMARLE 
(Snodgrass  &  Heller,  40,  228).  INDEFATIGABLE  (Habel,  1860). 

PHORADENDRON  UNCINATUM  Robinson. 

Phoradendron  uncinatum  Robinson,  Proc.  Amer.  Acad.  vol.  38.  p.  134. 
pi.  1.  1902. 

Cymosely  dichotomous,  the  elongated  branches  with  cataphyls  on  all 
joints,  androgynous?.  Internodes  rather  long  (2-3x50-80  mm.),  essen- 
tially terete.  Cataphyls  a  pair  nearly  basal  or  as  much  as  10  mm.  above 
the  base,  often  followed  by  a  second  pair  some  30  mm.  higher,  scarcely 
tubular  and  but  little  scarious.  Leaves  lanceolate,  acute,  1-1.5x6-7  cm., 
cuneately  subpetioled  for  about  5  mm.,  (normally?)  hooked  at  apex. 
Spikes  mostly  solitary,  long  (70-80  mm.),  with  about  7  slightly  fusiform 
joints  turbinately  some  30-flowered  in  4+2  or  6  series :  peduncle  2  mm. 
long:  scales  scarcely  ciliate.  Fruit  (immature)  subglobose,  nearly 
smooth,  3  mm.  in  diameter :  sepals  inflexed. — Plate  243. 

Galapageian  region. — The  type  from  South  Narborough  Island. 

Specimens  examined : — GALAPAGOS  ISLANDS.  SOUTH  NARBOROUGH,  at 
1000-2000  ft.  altitude  (Snodgrass  &  Heller,  325,  Apr.  1899,— the  type). 

Phoradendron  campinense  n.  sp. 

Cymosely  dichotomous,  the  elongated  branches  therefore  with  cata- 
phyls on  all  joints,  androgynous?.  Internodes  long  (2-3x70-100  mm.), 
quickly  terete.  Cataphyls  a  nearly  basal  pair  followed  by  a  second  pair 
some  15-25  mm.  higher,  tubular-bifid,  rather  blunt  and  white-margined. 
Leaves  somewhat  falcately  or  dimidiately  lanceolate,  acute,  1.5-2.5x6-10 
cm.,  involutely  contracted  for  scarcely  5  mm.  rather  than  petioled,  thick 
and  indistinctly  nerved.  Spikes  more  or  less  clustered,  very  long  (at 


AEQUATORIALES— CYMOSAE  161 

length  100  mm.),  with  some  7  stout  oblong  joints  about  50-flowered  in 
6  series :  peduncle  5  mm.  long,  usually  with  a  basal  pair  of  scales.  Fruit 
(immature)  subglobose:  sepals  inflexed. — Plate  244. 

Brazilian  region. — The  type  from  Campinas. 

Specimens  examined: — BRAZIL.  Campinas  (de  Campos  Novaes,  417 
in  part, — the  type). 

Phoradendron  Holtonis  n.  sp. 

Cymosely  dichotomous,  the  rather  elongated  branches  therefore  with 
cataphyls  on  all  joints,  androgynous?.  Internodes  rather  long  (2-4x 
CO-100  mm.),  at  first  rhombic.  Cataphyls  a  nearly  basal  pair  followed 
by  a  second  pair  20-25  mm.  higher,  tubular,  blunt  and  somewhat  white- 
margined.  Leaves  somewhat  falcately  lanceolate,  obtuse,  2.5-3x8  cm., 
involutely  subsessile.  Spikes  mostly  solitary,  very  long  (60-100  mm.), 
with  some  4  fusiformly  thickened  joints  turbinately  40-  to  50-flowered 
in  6  series:  peduncle  3  mm.  long.  Fruit  (immature)  subglobose,  nearly 
smooth,  4  mm.  in  diameter :  sepals  inflexed. — Plate  244. 

Andean  region. — The  type  from  Colombia. 

Specimens  examined : — COLOMBIA.  Fusagasuga  (/.  F.  Holton,  655, — 
the  type,  and  probably  also  654). 

Phoradendron  Lindeni  n.  sp. 

Cymosely  dichotomous,  the  rather  long  slender  branches  therefore 
with  cataphyls  on  all  joints,  androgynous?.  Internodes  long  (2-3x50-100 
mm.),  quickly  terete.  Cataphyls  a  single  nearly  basal  pair,  scarcely 
tubular,  acute,  white-margined.  Leaves  orbicular  to  obovate,  obtuse  or 
einarginate,  about  5x6  cm.,  abruptly  narrowed  to  a  petiole  3  mm.  long. 
Spikes  mostly  solitary,  rather  long  (60  mm.  or  more),  with  4  or  5  stout 
cylindrical  joints  some  50-flowered  in  about  8  series :  peduncle  3-4  mm. 
long.  Fruit?.— Plate  245. 

Andean  region  ( ?  exclusively)  on  Capparis. — The  type  from  Colom- 
bia. 

Specimens  examined: — COLOMBIA.  Espinal.  Valley  of  the  Magda- 
lena  (Linden,  846,  Dec.  1842, — the  type). 


EXPLANATION  OF  PLATES 

All  of  the  figures,  unless  otherwise  noted,  are  from  herbarium  ma- 
terial, photographed  in  natural  size  by  the  author.  Though  it  has  not 
been  possible  always  to  do  so,  an  effort  has  been  made  to  include  in 
each  illustration  the  lower  part  of  a  basal  internode  so  as  to  show  the 
presence  or  absence  of  cataphyls;  and  except  for  types  of  the  older 
species  a  representative  specimen  rather  than  a  perfect  one  has  been  se- 
lected for  the  photograph  when  possible.  The  upper  figure  of  a  plate 
is  designated  by  "a,"  and  the  lower  by  "6."  Where  no  indication 
is  given,  it  is  to  be  understood  that  the  material  figured  is  at  the  Mis- 
souri Botenical  Garden  in  St.  Louis,  or  at  the  University  of  Illinois  in 
Urbana, — the  facilities  of  these  institutions  having  been  the  main  re- 
source of  the  author  in  the  preparation  of  manuscript. 

FRONTISPIECE.  DISTRIBUTION  MAP,  showing  the  principal  regions 
indicated  by  the  genus  PJioradendron. 

North  America:  (1)  Atlantic  region,  approximately  that  drained 
by  the  Mississippi  river  and  the  eastern  streams,  occupied  by  PJiora- 
dendron  only  south  of  the  Ohio  and  Missouri  rivers ;  (2)  Kocky  Moun- 
tain region,  occupied  by  Phoradendron  only  in  its  southern  part  which 
is  scarcely  more  than  a  northern  Chihuahuan  extension;  (3)  Calif or- 
nian  region,  reaching  Oregon;  (4)  Sonoran  or  desert  region,  essen- 
tially the  valley  of  the  lower  Colorado  river  with  the  coasts  and  islands 
of  the  gulf  of  Baja  California;  (5)  Chihuahuan  region,  connecting 
the  Rocky  Mountains  with  the  eastern  and  western  Sierra  Madre 
ranges  of  Mexico;  (6)  Mexican  table-land,  lying  between  the  Sierra 
Madre  ranges  and  passing  into  the  southern  Chihuahuan  region;  (7) 
Sierra  Madre  ranges,  confluent  into  (8)  the  Cordilleran  or  Guatemalan 
region,  which  itself  passes  into  (9)  the  Isthmian  or  Costa  Rican  re- 
gion, reaching  from  Costa  Rica  into  coastwise  Venezuela;  (10)  Yuca- 
tecan  region. 

South  America :  (11)  Andean  region,  of  great  extent  in  the  moun- 
tains, meeting  the  Isthmian  region  in  Venezuela;  (12)  Bolivian  re- 
gion, comprising  the  uplands  of  southwestern  Bolivia  and  northwest- 
ern Argentina;  (13)  La  Plata  region, — no  Phoradendron  known  from 
south  of  Uruguay;  (14)  Brazilian  upland  or  southern  Brazilian  re- 
gion, limited  in  general  by  the  valleys  of  the  Amazon  and  Paraguay 
rivers;  (15)  Amazonian  region;  (16)  Cayenne  region,  lying  between 

163 


164  THE  GENUS  PHORADENDRON 

the  drainage  of  the  Orinoco  and  Amazon  rivers;  (17)  Orinocan  re- 
gion, like  the  Amazonian  appearing  as  a  barrier  to  distribution  rather 
than  a  distributional  region  for  Phoradendron;  (18)  Venezuelan  re- 
gion, a  meeting  point  of  the  Isthmian,  Andean  and  Caribbean  regions ; 
(19)  Galapageian  region,  essentially  an  oceanic  extension  of  the  Vene- 
zuelan and  Andean  regions. 

West  Indies:  (20)  Caribbean  region,  as  far  north  as  the  Anegada 
passage;  (21)  Antillean  region;  (22)  Bahamian  region,  in  Phoraden- 
dron  showing  absolute  isolation  from  the  adjacent  Atlantic  region  of 
Florida. 

Plate  1.  HABIT.  Phoradendron  villosum,  on  Quercus.  Photo- 
graphed in  California  by  George  E.  Nichols.  Greatly  reduced. 

Plate  2.  HABIT.  Plioradendron  Libocedri,  on  Libocedrus,  at  the 
entrance  to  the  Yosemite  valley,  California.  Photographed  by  George 
D.  Fuller.  P.  juniperinum,  on  Juniperus,  at  the  rim  of  the  grand 
canon,  Arizona.  Photographed  by  Charles  F.  Hottes.  Both  greatly 
reduced. 

Plate  3.  MORPHOLOGY  of  foliage  in  the  Aphyllae.  a.  Phoradendron 
juniperinum,  with  scales  not  constricted  at  the  base  (Wright),  b.  P. 
ligatum,  with  scales  constricted  at  the  base  (Oregon,  Cusick, — the 
type) .  x  10. 

Plate  4.  MORPHOLOGY  of  the  Aphyllae.  Plioradendron  juniperinum, 
showing  scale-like  leaves,  fruiting  spikes  each  of  a  single  2-flowered 
joint,  and  globose  berry-like  fruit  with  parted  sepals  (Arizona,  Grif- 
fiths,— from  fresh  material),  x  5. 

Plate  5.    MORPHOLOGY  of  spikes  in  the  Flavescentes. 

a.  Staminate  spikes  of  (from  left  to  right)  Plioradendron  flaves- 
cens  (Missouri,  Eggert),  P.  flavescens  orbiculaium  (northern  Texas, 
Bush),  P.  macrotomum  (Florida,  Curtiss),  P.  Engelmanni  (southern 
Texas,  Lindheimer),  P.  Engelmanni  Claviger  (southern  Texas,  Tre- 
lease),  P.  villosum  (Oregon,  Engelmann),  P.  Cocker ellii,  (New  Mex- 
ico, Metcalfe),  P.  macrophyllum  (Arizona,  Gilbert),  and  P.  Coryae 
(Arizona,  Blumer).  Allx3. 

b.  Pistillate  spikes  of  (from  left  to  right)  Phoradendron  flaves- 
cens (Virginia?,  Curtiss),  P.  macrotomum  (Florida,  Curtiss,),  P.  En- 
gelmanni (southern  Texas,  Lindheimer),  P.  villosum,  in  fruit  (Oregon, 
Howell),  P.  Cocker  ellii  (New  Mexico,  Metcalfe),  P.  macrophyllum 
(Arizona,  Blumer},  and  P.  Coryae  (Arizona,  Thornber).  All  x  3. 


EXPLANATION  OF  PLATES  165 

Plate  6.  MORPHOLOGY  of  spikes,  a.  Phoradendron  Libocedri,  one 
of  the  Pauciflorae,  showing  an  entire  1-jointed  2-flowered  spike,  with 
parted  fruiting  sepals,  b.  Plwradendron  villosum,  one  of  the  Pluri- 
seriales,  showing  one  joint  of  a  3- jointed  spike  with  flowers  in  several 
series,  with  parted  fruiting  sepals.  Both  in  fruit,  and  x  10. 

Plate  7.  MORPHOLOGY  of  flowers,  a.  Phoradendron  macrophyl- 
lum,  a  joint  of  a  staminate  spike  with  2-  and  3-merous  flowers  (Ari- 
zona, Blumer).  b.  P.  villosum,  an  entire  pistillate  spike  with  3-  and 
5-merous  flowers  (California,  Hedgcock).  c.  P.  macrophyllum,  a 
joint  of  a  staminate  spike  showing  3-,  4-  and  5-merous  flowers  (Ari- 
zona, Blumer) .  All  x  10. 

Plate  8.  FRUITING  CALYX  with  inflexed  sepals,  a.  Phoradendron 
californicum  (Arizona,  Miss  Cory),  b.  P.  nervosum  (Mexico,  Pur- 
pus).  Both  x  10. 

Plate  9.  FRUITING  CALYX  with  parted  sepals,  a.  Phoradendron 
macrophyllum  (Arizona,  Blumer).  b.  P.  Zuloagae  (Venezuela,  Zu- 
loaga).  c.  P.  Coryae  (Arizona,  Miss  Cory).  All  x  10. 

Plate  10.  ENDOCARP.  a.  Phoradendron  Coryae  (Arizona,  Miss 
Cory),  b.  P.  villosum  (California,  Butler),  c.  P.  macrophyllum 
(Arizona,  Blumer).  All  x  10. 

Plate  11.  PHORADENDRON  CALIFORNICUM.  a.  Four  bits  of  the  type 
(Sierra  Nevada,  Nuttall,  1836)  ;  Sonora  (Palmer,  1065).  b.  Fruiting 
plant  (California,  Jones,  11718). 

Plate  12.  PHORADENDRON  CALIFORNICUM  NANUM.  Type  (Arizona, 
Griffiths  and  Thornber,  205). 

Plate  13.  PHORADENDRON  CALIFORNICUM  DISTANS.  a.  The  type 
(Arizona,  Pringle,  1881).  b.  Fruiting  branch  (Nevada,  Kennedy  and 
Goodding,  57). 

Plate  14.  PHORADENDRON  JUNIPERINUM.  a.  The  type  (New  Mexico, 
Fendler,  281).  b.  Type  of  f.  NANA  (Arizona,  Sitgreaves,  1851). 

Plate  15.  a.  PHORADENDRON  LIBOCEDRI.  Type  (California,  Lem- 
mon,  1875).  b.  P.  LIGATUM.  Oregon  (Cusick,  2637). 

Plate  16.  a.  PHORADENDRON  MINUTIFOLIUM.  Type  (Mexico,  Schiede, 
402)  ;  photographed  by  permission  at  Dahlem.  b.  P.  SALTILLENSE. 
Type  (Mexico,  Gregg,  399). 

Plate  17.  PHORADENDRON  CAPITELLATUM.  Type  (New  Mexico, 
Wright,  1787)  ;  photographed  by  permission  at  the  New  York  Botan- 
ical Garden. 


166  THE  GENUS  PHORADENDRON 

Plate  18.  PHORADENDRON  TEQUILENSE.  Type :  a,  pistillate ;  b,  stam- 
inate  (Mexico,  Pringle,  4434). 

Plate  19.  PHORADENDRON  BOLLEANUM.  a.  Fragment  of  type  (Mex- 
ico, Seemanri) ,  and  branch  of  collection  by  Pringle,  no.  256,  of  which 
other  specimens  are  shown  in  b. 

Plate  20.  PHORADENDRON  DENSUM.  a.  Type  ( California,  Wilkes  Ex- 
pedition, 1567)  ;  photographed  by  permission  at  the  New  York  Bo- 
tanical Garden,  b.  An  Oregon  specimen  (Cusick,  2260). 

Plate  21.  PHORADENDRON  DENSUM  PARISHII.  Type  (California, 
Parish,  899). 

Plate  22.  a.  PHORADENDRON  PAUCIPLORUM.  Type  (California, 
Bigelow,  2)  ;  photographed  by  permission  at  the  New  York  Botanical 
Garden,  b.  P.  GUADALUPENSE.  Type  number  (Guadalupe  Island,  Pal- 
mer, 85)  ;  photographed  by  permission  in  the  Boissier  herbarium. 

Plate  23.  PHORADENDRON  GUADALUPENSE.  Type  (Guadalupe  Island, 
Palmer,  85) . 

Plate  24.  PHORADENDRON  FLAVESCENS.  a.  Staminate  shoot  (Mis- 
souri, Eggert).  b.  Pistillate  shoots,  bearing  flowers  of  the  present  sea- 
son and  mature  fruit  from  flowers  of  the  previous  autumn  (Fresh  ma- 
terial from  North  Carolina,  Coker,  1911). 

Plate  25.  PHORADENDRON  FLAVESCENS.  Two  pistillate  specimens. 
a.  Viscum  purpureum  of  Willdenow,  but  not  of  Linnaeus  (Pennsyl- 
vania, Muhleriberg,  639, — as  no.  18295  in  the  Willdenow  herbarium)  ; 
photographed  by  permission  at  Dahlem.  b.  Viscum  serotinum  Rafin- 
esque  (Arkansas,  Rafinesque)  ;  photographed  by  permission  in  the 
Delessert  herbarium  at  Geneva. 

Plate  26.  PHORADENDRON  FLAVESCENS  ORBICULATUM.  a.  A  stam- 
inate  shoot  (Texas,  Bush,  1160).  b.  Pistillate  specimens  with  flowers 
and  ripened  fruit  (Fresh  material  from  Arkansas,  von  Schrenk,  1912). 

Plate  27.  PHORADENDRON  MACROTOMUM.  Staminate  and  pistillate 
flowering  shoots,  and  mature  fruit  from  flowers  of  the  previous  season 
(Fresh  material  from  Florida,  Schnabel,  1911). 

Plate  28.  PHORADENDRON  EATONI.  Type,  staminate  (Florida,  Ea- 
ton, 1310)  ;  photographed  by  permission  at  the  New  York  Botanical 
Garden. 

Plate  29.  PHORADENDRON  ENGELMANNI.  a.  The  type,  staminate 
(Texas,  Lindheimer,  406).  b.  A  pistillate  specimen  (Texas,  Jermy). 

Plate  30.  PHORADENDRON  ENGELMANNI.  Staminate  and  pistillate 
flowering  specimens,  and  fruit  from  flowers  of  the  previous  winter 
(Fresh  material  from  Texas,  Heald,  1911). 


EXPLANATION  OF  PLATES  167 

Plate  31.  a.  PHORADENDRON  ENGELMANNI.  Staminate  and  fruit- 
ing specimens  (Texas,  Jermy).  b.  P.  ENGELMANNI  CLAVIGER,  the 
type  (Texas,  Trelease,  1897). 

Plate  32.  PHORADENDRON  GREGGII.  Types,  a,  staminate  (Mexico, 
Gregg,  254)  ;  b,  pistillate  (Mexico,  Gregg,  31). 

Plate  33.  a.  PHORADENDRON  THYRSOIDEUM.  The  type  (Mexico, 
Palmer,  103).  b.  P.  COLIPENSE.  The  type,  staminate,  (Mexico,  Lieb- 
mann,  8)  ;  photographed  by  permission  in  the  herbarium  at  Copen- 
hagen. 

Plate  34.  PHORADENDRON  MACROPHYLLUM  ;  a,  staminate ;  b,  pistil- 
late (Arizona,  Blumer,  1533). 

Plate  35.  a.  PHORADENDRON  MACROPHYLLUM  CTRCULARE.  Type, 
pistillate  (Arizona,  Griffiths  &  Thornber,  191).  b.  P.  MACROPHYLLUM 
JONESII.  Type,  pistillate  (Arizona,  Jones,  4279)  ;  photographed  by 
permission  in  the  Delessert  herbarium  at  Geneva) . 

Plate  36.  PHORADENDRON  COCKERELLI.  a.  Type,  staminate  (New 
Mexico,  Metcalfe,  31).  b.  Pistillate  specimen  (New  Mexican  region, 
Wright,  15). 

Plate  37.  PHORADENDRON  COLORADENSE.  a,  staminate;  b,  pistil- 
late (California,  du  Barry,  1855)  ;  photographed  by  permission  at  the 
New  York  Botanical  Garden. 

Plate  38.  PHORADENDRON  LONGISPICUM,  staminate.  a.  The  type 
(California,  Wilkes  Expedition,  1316, — as  P.  flavescens  quinque- 
nervium  Torrey  in  herb.)  b.  Another  shoot  (California,  Hasse,  1893). 
Both  photographed  by  permission  at  the  New  York  Botanical  Garden. 

Plate  39.  PHORADENDRON  LONGISPICUM,  pistillate,  a,  Shortly 
after  flowering,  showing  the  temporary  clavate  thickening  of  the  spike- 
joints  (California,  Abrams,  2749)  ;  photographed  by  permission  at  the 
New  York  Botanical  Garden,  b,  At  maturity  (Fresh  material,  Cali- 
fornia, Griffiths,  1912). 

Plate  40.  PHORADENDRON  VILLOSUM.  a.  Type,  staminate  (Oregon, 
Nuttall,  1834).  b.  Pistillate  specimen  (Oregon,  Howell,  1264). 

Plate  41.  a.  PHORADENDRON  VILLOSUM  ROTUNDIFOLIUM.  The  type, 
pistillate  (California,  Elmer,  3794) .  b.  P.  TOMENTOSUM.  Fruiting  spe- 
cimen (Mexico,  Palmer,  777). 

Plate  42.  PHORADENDRON  TOMENTOSUM.  The  type  (Mexico,  Ber- 
landier,  1364).  a,  staminate.  b,  pistillate,  photographed  for  M.  C.  de 
Candolle,  in  the  Candollean  herbarium  at  Geneva. 


168  THE  GENUS  PHORADENDROX 

Plate  43.  a.  PHORADENDRON  PUBERULUM.  The  type  (Mexico, 
Gregg,  895).  b.  P.  PUBERULUM  CHIHUAHUENSE.  The  type  (Mexico. 
Endlich,  1220) . 

Plate  44.  PHORADENDRON  CORYAE.  a.  The  type,  staminate  (Ari- 
zona, Blumer,  1516).  b.  A  fruiting  specimen  (Fresh  material,  Ari- 
zona, Miss  Kate  T.  Cory,  to  whom  the  species  is  dedicated,  1912). 

Plate  45.  a.  PHORADENDRON  HAVARDIANUM.  The  type,  stami- 
nate (Texas,  Havard,  82).  b.  P.  WILKINSONI.  The  type,  staminate 
(Mexico,  Wilkinson,  1885)  ;  photographed  by  permission  in  the  U.  S. 
National  Herbarium. 

Plate  46.  a.  PHORADENDRON  LANATUM.  The  type,  pistillate  (Mex- 
ico, Rose,  Painter  and  Rose,  9707)  ;  photographed  by  permission  in 
the  U.  S.  National  Herbarium,  b.  P.  GALEOTTII.  The  type,  pistillate 
(Mexico,  Galeotti,  2694)  ;  photographed  by  permission  in  the  Deles- 
sert  herbarium  at  Geneva). 

Plate  47.  a.  PHORADENDRON  PALMERI.  The  type,  pistillate  (Mex- 
ico, Palmer,  119).  b.  P.  EDUARDI.  The  type,  pistillate  (Mexico,  Pal- 
mer, 882). 

Plate  48.  a.  PHORADENDRON  MAZATLANUM.  The  type,  pistillate 
(Mexico,  Gregg,  1202).  b.  P.  BRACHYSTACHYUM.  The  type,  as  also 
of  Viscum  ~brachystachyum  (Mexico,  Berlandier)  •  photographed  by 
permission  in  the  Delessert  herbarium  at  Geneva. 

Plate  49.  PHORADENDRON  BRACHYSTACHYUM.  Two  divergent  stam- 
inate forms,  a  (Mexico,  Pringle,  1160)  ;  b  (Mexico,  Pringle,  6759)  ; 
photographed  by  permission  in  the  New  York  Botanical  Garden. 

Plate  50.  PHORADENDRON  TLACOLULENSE.  a.  Type  (Mexico,  Seler, 
119).  b.  Another  specimen  (Mexico,  Seler,  1763).  Both  photographed 
by  permission  in  the  herbarium  at  Dahlem. 

Plate  51.  PHORADENDRON  GLOBULIFERUM.  The  type  (Mexico,  Pal- 
mer, 88)  ;  photographed  by  permission  in  the  U.  S.  National  Herba- 
rium. 

Plate  52.  PHORADENDRON  AUREUM.  The  type  (Mexico,  Rose, 
16848)  ;  photographed  by  permission  in  the  U.  S.  National  Herbarium. 

Plate  53.  a.  PHORADENDRON  BRACHYPHYLLUM.  The  type  (Mex- 
ico, Rose,  16293).  b.  P.  TUMIDUM.  The  type  (Mexico,  Rose,  16862). 
Both  photographed  by  permission  in  the  U.  S.  National  Herbarium. 

Plate  54.  P.  DIGUETII.  The  type  (Mexico,  Diguet,  1894)  ;  photo- 
graphed for  M.  Lecomte,  in  the  herbarium  of  the  Museum  d'Histoire 
Naturelle  at  Paris. 


EXPLANATION  OF  PLATES  169 

Plate  55.  a.  PHORADENDRON  PENINSULARE.  The  type  (Mexico, 
Rose,  16354).  b.  P.  SACCATUM.  The  type  (Mexico,  Rose,  16562).  Both 
photographed  by  permission  in  the  U.  S.  National  Herbarium. 

Plate  56.  PHORADENDRON  ROBINSONII.  The  type,  staminate  (Mex- 
ico, Pringle,  6272). 

Plate  57.  a.  PHORADENDRON  ROBINSONII.  Fruiting  specimen 
(Mexico,  Rose  &  Hay,  5939).  b.  P.  ROBINSONII  HINDSI  (Mexico,  Hinds, 
1841)  ;  photographed  by  permission  at  Kew. 

Plate  58.  PHORADENDRON  VELUTINUM.  a.  Type  of  Viscum  veluti- 
num,  staminate  (Mexico,  Berlandier,  1158)  ;  photographed  by  permis- 
sion in  the  Delessert  herbarium  at  Geneva,  b.  A  pistillate  specimen 
(Mexico,  Pringle,  9509). 

Plate  59.  PHORADENDRON  SCABERRIMUM.  a.  The  type,  pistillate 
i, Mexico,  Rose,  3409).  b.  A  second  specimen  (Mexico,  Rose,  1712). 
Both  photographed  by  permission  in  the  U.  S.  National  Herbarium. 

Plate  60.  PHORADENDRON  LONGIFOLIUM.  The  type  (Mexico,  Kar- 
winski,  1833)  ;  photographed  in  the  Brussels  herbarium  for  Professor 
Bommer. 

Plate  61.  PHORADENDRON  USPANTANUM.  The  type  (Guatemala, 
Heyde  &  Lux,  3141). 

Plate  62.  PHORADENDRON  CALYCULATUM.  The  type  collection  of 
Viscum  falcatum  Hooker,  staminate  (Mexico,  Galeotti,  2696)  ;  photo- 
graphed in  the  Brussels  herbarium  for  Professor  Bommer. 

Plate  63.  PHORADENDRON  CALYCULATUM.  A  pistillate  specimen 
(Mexico,  Pringle,  4699). 

Plate  64.  a.  PHORADENDRON  CALYCULATUM  FILIPES.  The  type, 
staminate  (Mexico,  Purpus,  6279)  ;  photographed  by  permission  at  the 
New  York  Botanical  Garden,  b.  P.  CALYCULATUM  GONZALEZI.  The 
type  (Mexico,  Conzatti  and  Gonzalez,  295)  ;  photographed  by  permis- 
sion in  the  Gray  herbarium  at  Cambridge. 

Plate  65.  PHORADENDRON  ANNULATUM.  a.  The  type,  pistillate 
(Costa  Rica,  Oersted,  14)  ;  photographed  by  permission  in  the  herba- 
rium at  Copenhagen,  b.  A  specimen  with  young  and  matured  fruit 
(Guatemala,  Smith,  2610). 

Plate  66.  PHORADENDRON  MULTIFLORUM.  The  type,  staminate 
(Guatemala,  Kellerman,  5154). 

Plate  67.  PHORADENDRON  MULTIFLORUM.  A  pistillate  specimen, — 
one  branch  deformed  into  a  gall  (Guatemala,  Kellerman,  5155)  ;  pho- 


170  THE  GENUS  PHOEADENDEON 

tographed,  like  the  preceding,  by  permission  in  the  U.  S.  National 
Herbarium. 

Plate  68.  PHORADENDRON  AMPLIFOLIUM.  The  type,  pistillate  (Mex- 
ico, Nelson,  2018}  ;  photographed  by  permission  in  the  U.  S.  National 
Herbarium. 

Plate  69.  PHORADENDRON  CARNEUM.  Two  pistillate  specimens,  one 
of  them  with  matured  fruit  (Mexico;  a,  Pringle,  8647;  b,  Pringle, 
2668). 

Plate  70.  a.  PHORADENDRON  PRINGLEI.  The  type  (Mexico,  Prin- 
gle, 6630).  b.  P.  FORESTIERAE.  The  type  (Mexico,  Pringle,  6290). 
Both  are  with  partly  matured  fruit. 

Plate  71.  a.  PHORADENDRON  PACHYARTHRON.  The  type,  pistillate 
(Mexico,  Ehrenberg,  1011)  ;  photographed  by  permission  at  Dahlem. 
b.  P.  SCHUMANNI.  Broad-leaved  specimen,  pistillate  (Mexico,  See- 
mann,  2140)  ;  photographed  by  permission  at  Kew. 

Plate  72.  PHORADENDRON  SCHUMANN:.  The  type:  a,  staminate; 
b,  pistillate  (Mexico,  Schumann,  711)  ;  photographed  by  permission  at 
Dahlem. 

Plate  73.  PHORADENDRON  PURPUSI.  The  type,  staminate  (Mex- 
ico, Purpus,  1912) . 

Plate  74.  PHORADENDRON  NERVOSUM.  a.  The  type  (Mexico,  Lieb- 
mann,  5=3090)  ;  photographed  by  permission  at  Copenhagen,  b.  A 
specimen  illustrating  the  occurrence  of  4-  and  6-ranked  fruits  on  joints 
of  the  same  spike  (Mexico,  Purpus,  1912). 

Plate  75.  a.  PHORADENDRON  CONZATTII.  The  type  (Mexico,  Con- 
zatti  &  Gomez,  2380).  b.  P.  CONZATTH  TEGOMATLANA  (Mexico,  Con- 
zatti,  1897).  Both  photographed  by  permission  in  the  herbarium  of 
the  Field  Museum  at  Chicago. 

Plate  76.  PHORADENDRON  CONZATTTI  NOCHIXTLANENSE.  a.  stami- 
nate; b,  pistillate  (Mexico,  Conzatti  &  Gonzalez,  1187) .  Photographed 
by  permission  in  the  Gray  herbarium. 

Plate  77.  PHORADENDRON  LANCEOLATUM.  a.  The  type  (Mexico, 
Gregg,  255).  b.  Partly  fruited  specimen  (Mexico,  Thurber,  865)  ;  pho- 
tographed by  permission  in  the  Gray  herbarium. 

Plate  78.  PHORADENDRON  FALCATUM.  The  type  (Mexico,  Scniede, 
403)  ;  photographed  by  permission  at  Dahlem. 

Plate  79.  PHORADENDRON  ANGUSTIFOLIUM.  Two  specimens  of  the 
type  collection  (Peru,  Bonpland,  3508)  ;  a,  photographed  by  permis- 


EXPLANATION  OF  PLATES  171 

sion  at  Dahlem ;  b,  the  type,  photographed  by  permission  in  the  Nat- 
ural History  Museum  at  Paris. 

Plate  80.  PHORADENDRON  PARIETARIOIDES.  The  type  (Ecuador, 
Sodiro,  148/20)  ;  photographed  by  permission  at  Dahlem. 

Plate  81.  PHORADENDRON  CORYNARTHRON.  The  type  (Panama, 
Wagner,  1858)  ;  photographed  by  permission  in  the  herbarium  of  the 
Academy  at  Munich. 

Plate  82.  PHORADENDRON  TONDUZII.  a.  The  type,  pistillate  (Gua- 
temala, Tonduz,  12179)  ;  photographed  by  permission  at  the  New  York 
Botanical  Garden,  b.  Staminate  shoot  (Guatemala?,  Friedrichsthal, 
1841 )  ;  photographed  by  permission  in  the  Gray  herbarium. 

Plate  83.  PHORADENDRON  COOPERI.  The  type,  staminate  (Costa 
Kica,  Cooper,  5931 )  ;  photographed  by  permission  in  the  U.  S.  National 
Herbarium. 

Plate  84.  a.  PHORADENDRON  TUBULOSUM.  The  type  (Venezuela, 
Fendler,  1106)  ;  photographed  by  permission  at  Dahlem.  b.  PHORA- 
DENDRON TRIANAE.  The  type  collection  (Colombia,  Triana,  2778)  ;  pho- 
tographed by  permission  in  the  de  Candolle  herbarium  at  Geneva. 

Plate  85.  PHORADENDRON  SEMITERES.  a.  The  type  (Bolivia,  Buch- 
tien,  1411)  ;  photographed  by  permission  at  Dahlem.  b.  Fruiting  spe- 
cimen (Peru,  Pavon)  ;  photographed  by  permission  in  the  Boissier 
Herbarium  at  Chambesy. 

Plate  86.  PHORADENDRON  VERLEYSENI.  a.  The  type  (Ecuador, 
Verleysen,  148*).  b.  A  broader-leaved  specimen  (Ecuador,  Sodiro, 
28) .  Both  photographed  by  permission  at  Dahlem. 

Plate  87.  PHORADENDRON  VERLEYSENI  CHIMBOENSE.  The  type 
(Ecuador,  Sodiro,  148/19).  b.  P.  GRANATICOLUM.  The  type  (Ven- 
ezuela, Gollmer,  1854).  Both  photographed  by  permission  at  Dahlem. 

Plate  88.  PHORADENDRON  CASIMIRANUM.  The  type  (Paraguay, 
Balansa,  3220)  ;  photographed  by  permission  in  the  Boissier  herba- 
rium at  Chambesy. 

Plate  89.  PHORADENDRON  DIPTERUM.  The  type  collection  (Brazil, 
Gardner,  1672)  ;  photographed  by  permission  in  the  herbarium  of  the 
Natural  History  Museum  at  Vienna. 

Plate  90.  PHORADENDRON  MULTIFOVEOLATUM.  The  types :  a,  stam- 
inate ;  b,  pistillate  (Brazil,  von  Martins)  ;  photographed  by  permission 
in  the  herbarium  at  Munich. 

Plate  91.  a.  PHORADENDRON  HYPERICIFOLTUM.  The  type  (Para- 
guay, Kuntze,  9)  ;  photographed  by  permission  at  Dahlem.  b.  P.  DE- 


172  THE  GENUS  PHORADENDRON 

MEBARAE.  The  type  (British  Guiana,  Jenman,  2546)  ;  photographed 
by  permission  at  Kew. 

Plate  92.  PHORADENDRON  TETRAPTERUM.  a.  The  type  (Jamaica, 
Harris,  6393) ;  photographed  by  permission  at  Dahlem.  b.  A  larger- 
leaved  specimen  (Puerto  Eico,  Stevens  &  Hess,  4887). 

Plate  93.  PHORADENDRON  TOVARENSE.  a.  The  type  (Venezuela, 
Fendler,  1761)  ;  photographed  by  permission  at  Dahlem.  b.  A  fruiting 
specimen  (Venezuela,  Fendler,  1110)  ;  photographed  by  permission  in 
the  Gray  herbarium. 

Plate  94.  a.  PHORADENDRON  CRULSII.  The  type  (Brazil,  Glaziou, 
22021 )  ;  photographed  by  permission  at  Dahlem.  b.  P.  AMPLEXICAULE. 
Type  collection  (Brazil,  Weddell,  1858)  ;  photographed  by  permission 
in  the  de  Candolle  herbarium  at  Geneva. 

Plate  95.  PHORADENDRON  AMPLECTENS.  The  type  (Ecuador,  So- 
diro,  148/21)  ;  photographed  by  permission  in  the  herbaria  at  Dahlem 
and  Buda  Pest, — both  of  which  contain  a  large  representation  of 
Sodiro's  collections. 

Plate  96.  a.  PHORADENDRON  GLAZIOVII.  The  type  (Brazil,  Gla- 
ziou, 4004)  ;  photographed  by  permission  at  Dahlem.  b.  P.  TURBINI- 
SPICUM.  The  type  (Colombia,  Triana,  2777)  ;  photographed  by  per- 
mission in  the  de  Candolle  herbarium. 

Plate  97.  PHORADENDRON  BREVIFOLIUM.  a.  The  type  (Mexico, 
Liebmann,  16)  ;  photographed  by  permission  at  Copenhagen,  b.  Spe- 
cimen with  developed  pistillate  spikes  (Mexico,  Rose,  Painter  &  Rose, 
9965)  ;  photographed  by  permission  in  the  U.  S.  National  Herbarium. 

Plate  98.  PHORADENDRON  RONDELETIAE.  a.  The  type  (Guatemala, 
von  Tuerckheim,  ii.  2045)  ;  photographed  by  permission  at  the  New 
York  Botanical  Garden,  b.  Another  collection  (Guatemala,  von 
Tuercltheim,  435)  ;  photographed  by  permission  in  the  Natural  History 
Museum  at  Vienna. 

Plate  99.  a.  PHORADENDRON  VULCANICUM.  The  type  (Guatemala, 
Kellerman,  4829).  b.  P.  CRISPUM.  The  type  (Costa  Rica,  Pittier, 
14117) .  Both  photographed  by  permission  in  the  U.  S.  National  Her- 
barium. 

Plate  100.  a.  PHORADENDRON  REICHENBACHIANUM.  (Mexico, 
Gregg,  722).  b.  P.  FALCIFOLIUM.  The  type  (Guatemala,  von  Tuerck- 
heim,  ii.  2168)  ;  photographed  by  permission  at  the  New  York  Botan- 
ical Garden. 


EXPLANATION  OF  PLATES  173 

Plate  101.  PHORADENDRON  ROBUSTISSIMUM.  a.  The  type  (Costa 
Rica,  Hoffmann,  360)  ;  photographed  by  permission  at  Dahlem.  b. 
A  fruiting  specimen  (Costa  Rica,  Tonduz,  13705)  ;  photographed  by 
permission  in  the  U.  S.  National  Herbarium. 

Plate  102.  PHORADENDRON  ROBUSTISSIMUM  SIMULANS.  a.  The  type 
(El  Salvador,  Renson,  284)  ;  photographed  by  permission  at  the  New 
York  Botanical  Garden,  b.  A  fruiting  specimen  (Guatemala,  Keller- 
man,  5100)  ;  photographed  by  permission  in  the  U.  S.  National  Her- 
barium. 

Plate  103.  PHORADENDRON  CONGESTUM.  The  type  (Brazil,  Gard- 
ner, 3764)  ;  photographed  in  the  herbarium  at  Brussels  for  Professor 
Charles  Bommer. 

Plate  104.  a.  PHORADENDRON  CONGESTUM.  A  misnumbered  co- 
type  (Brazil,  Gardner,  "3765")  ;  photographed  by  permission  at  Dah- 
lem. b.  P.  CARIPENSE.  The  type  (Brazil,  Spruce,  140)  ;  photographed 
by  permission  at  Munich. 

Plate  105.  PHORADENDRON  HERBERT-SMITHII.  The  type  (Colom- 
bia, Smith,  1283)  ;  photographed  by  permission, — a,  at  Dahlem,  b,  in 
the  Delessert  herbarium  at  Geneva. 

Plate  106.  a.  PHORADENDRON  EXIGUUM.  The  type  (Colombia, 
Smith,  1281 )  ;  photographed  by  permission  in  the  Delessert  herbarium 
at  Geneva,  b.  PHORADENDRON  STENOPHYLLUM.  The  type  (Brazil,  Rose 
&  Russell,  19908)  ;  photographed  by  permission  in  the  U.  S.  National 
Herbarium. 

Plate  107.  a.  P.  CORIACEUM.  The  type  (Brazil,  von  Martins)  ; 
photographed  by  permission  at  Munich,  b.  PHORADENDRON  CORIACEUM 
QUINTENSE.  The  type  (Brazil,  Glaziou,  4010)  ;  photographed  by  per- 
mission at  Dahlem. 

Plate  108.  PHORADENDRON  ULOPHYLLUM.  The  type  collection 
(Brazil,  Gaudichaud:  a,  no.  573  at  Dahlem;  b,  "no.  473,"  at  Vienna)  ; 
photographed  by  permission. 

Plate  109.  PHORADENDRON  HABROSTACHYUM.  The  type  (Brazil 
von  Martins:  a,  staminate;  b,  pistillate)  ;  photographed  by  permission 
at  Munich. 

Plate  110.  PHORADENDRON  OVALIFOLIUM.  a.  The  type  (Venezuela, 
Fendler,  1108)  ;  photographed  by  permission  at  Dahlem.  b.  A  fruit- 
ing cotype;  photographed  by  permission  in  the  Grisebach  herbarium 
at  Goettingen. 


174  THE  GENUS  PHOEADENDBON 

Plate  111.  PHORADENDRON  LONGIPETIOLATUM.  a.  The  type  (Ven- 
ezuela, Fendler  1762}  ;  photographed  by  permission  at  Dahlem.  b.  An- 
other specimen  of  the  same  collection ;  photographed  by  permission  in 
the  Grisebach  herbarium  at  Goettingen. 

Plate  112.  PHORADENDRON  BILINEATUM.  a.  The  type  (Venezuela, 
Fendler,  1811}  ;  photographed  by  permission  at  Dahlem.  b.  Another 
specimen  of  the  same  collection;  photographed  by  permission  in  the 
Grisebach  herbarium  at  Goettingen. 

Plate  113.  PHORADENDRON  RIGIDUM.  a.  The  type  (Venezuela, 
Fendler,  1105}  ;  photographed  by  permission  at  Dahlem.  b.  A  second 
specimen  of  the  same  collection,  bearing  spikes  in  the  axils  of  some 
cataphyls ;  photographed  by  permission  in  the  Grisebach  herbarium  at 
Goettingen. 

Plate  114.  PHORADENDRON  JENMANI.  a.  The  type  (British  Gui- 
ana, Jenman,  2541}.  b.  A  second  collection  (British  Guiana,  Jenman, 
4678} .  Both  photographed  by  permission  at  Kew. 

Plate  115.  PHORADENDRON  POLYGYNUM.  Two  specimens  of  a  sin- 
gle collection  (Venezuela,  Fendler,  1104).  Photographed  by  permis- 
sion :  a,  at  Kew ;  b,  in  the  Gray  herbarium. 

Plate  116.  a.  PHORADENDRON  POLYGYNUM.  Part  of  the  type 
illustration  of  Spiciviscum  polygynum.  b.  P.  BRIQUETIANUM.  The  type 
(Colombia,  Linden,  796}  ;  photographed  by  permission  in  the  Delessert 
herbarium  at  Geneva. 

Plate  117.  PHORADENDRON  OBLIQUUM.  a.  The  type  of  the  binom- 
ial (without  precise  data,  Haenke,  from  the  herbarium  of  the  German 
University  at  Prag)  ;  photographed  by  permission  at  Dahlem.  b.  The 
type  of  Viscum  obliquum  (Peru,  Haenke)  •  photographed  by  permis- 
sion in  the  National  Museum  at  Prag. 

Plate  118.  PHORADENDRON  DIMIDIATUM.  The  type  collection  of 
Viscum  dimidiatum  (Surinam,  Focke,  716).  Photographed  by  per- 
mission :  a,  at  Dahlem,  from  the  Utrecht  herbarium ;  b,  at  Kew. 

Plate  119.  PHORADENDRON  PERROTTETII.  a.  The  type  of  Viscum 
Perrottetii  (French  Guiana,  Perrottet,  228).  b.  Another  collection 
(French  Guiana,  Leprieur,  1835).  Both  photographed  by  permission 
in  the  Delessert  herbarium  at  Geneva. 

Plate  120.  PHORADENDRON  BATHYORYCTUM.  a.  The  type  collection 
(Brazil,  Gardner,  2626)  ;  photographed  by  permission  in  the  Natural 
History  Museum  at  Vienna,  b.  Another  collection  (Brazil,  Kuntze,  3)  ; 
photographed  by  permission  at  Dahlem. 


EXPLANATION  OF  PLATES  175 

Plate  121.  PHORADENDRON  PELLUCIDULUM.  The  type  collection 
(Brazil,  Spruce,  3480)  ;  photographed  by  permission  in  the  Natural 
History  Museum  at  Vienna. 

Plate  122.  a.  PHORADENDRON  HOLOXANTHUM.  The  type  collection 
(Brazil,  Sello,  5847)  ;  photographed  by  permission  at  Dahlem.  b.  P. 
HOLOXANTHUM  CORALLISPICUM.  The  type  (Brazil,  Glaziou,  8729)  ;  pho- 
tographed by  permission  in  the  Delessert  herbarium  at  Geneva. 

Plate  123.  a.  PHORADENDRON  NITIDUM.  The  type  collection  of 
Viscum  nitidum  (Brazil,  Gardner,  436)  ;  photographed  by  permission 
in  the  Natural  History  Museum  at  Vienna,  b.  P.  SELLOI.  The  type 
collection  (Brazil,  Sello,  122)  ;  photographed  by  permission  at  Dahlem. 
Plate  124.  a.  PHORADENDRON  CRASPEDOPHYLLUM.  The  type  (Bra- 
zil, Sello,  155).  b.  P.  CRASPEDOPHYLLOIDES.  The  type  (Brazil,  Sello, 
without  number).  Both  photographed  by  permission  at  Dahlem. 

Plate  125.  PHORADENDRON  OBTUSISSIMUM.  a.  The  type  collection 
of  Viscum  obtusissimum  (Surinam,  Focke,  1019) ;  photographed  by 
permission  at  Dahlem.  b.  A  fruiting  specimen  from  British  Guiana 
(Jenman,  2539)  ;  photographed  by  permission  at  Kew. 

Plate  126.  PHORADENDRON  ACINACIFOLJUM.  The  type  collection 
(Brazil,  Gaudichaud,  574).  Photographed  by  permission:  a,  at  Dah- 
lem ;  b,  under  the  number  874,  in  the  Delessert  herbarium  at  Geneva. 
Plate  127.  a.  PHORADENDRON  ACINACIFOLIUM.  Fruiting  specimen 
(Brazil,  Sello,  597).  b.  P.  REDUCTUM.  The  type  (Paraguay,  Kuntze, 
15).  Both  photographed  by  permission  at  Dahlem. 

Plate  128.  PHORADENDRON  WAWRAE.  a.  The  type  (Mexico,  Wawra, 
747)  ;  photographed  by  permission  in  the  Natural  History  Museum  at 
Vienna,  b.  A  second  collection  (Mexico,  Bourgeau,  1482)  ;  photo- 
graphed by  permission  at  Kew. 

Plate  129.  a.  PHORADENDRON  CHEIROCARPUM.  The  type  (Guate- 
mala,wn  Tuerckheim,  7661 )  ;  photographed  by  permission  in  the  Gray 
herbarium,  b.  P.  DECUSSATUM.  The  type  (Honduras,  Niederlein,  95)  ; 
photographed  by  permission  at  Dahlem. 

Plate  130.  PHORADENDRON  VERNICOSUM.  a.  The  type  (Yucatan, 
Greenman,  440)  ;  photographed  by  permission  in  the  Field  Museum  at 
Chicago,  b.  A  younger  specimen  (Yucatan,  Gaumer,  876). 

Plate  131.  PHORADENDRON  FICI.  The  type  (Jamaica,  Harris, 
9220)  ;  photographed  by  permission  at  Dahlem. 

Plate  132.  PHORADENDRON  CAMPBELLII.  a.  The  type  (Jamaica, 
Campbell,  6398)  ;  photographed  by  permission  at  Dahlem.  b.  A  spe- 


176  THE  GENUS  PHOEADENDEON 

cimen  with  partly  grown  fruit  (Jamaica,  Britton,  3765}  ;  photo- 
graphed by  permission  at  the  New  York  Botanical  Garden. 

Plate  133.  PHORADENDRON  GRISEBACHIANUM.  a.  Taken  as  the 
type  (Jamaica,  Harris,  6341)  ;  photographed  by  permission  at  Dahlem. 
b.  A  second  collection  (Jamaica,  Crawford,  783)  ;  photographed  by 
permission  at  the  New  York  Botanical  Garden. 

Plate  134.     PHORADENDRON  CHRYSOCARPUM.     The  type  collection. 

a.  (Puerto  Rico,  Balbis,  Bertero),  photographed  by  permission  at  Dah- 
lem.   b.  (Puerto  Rico,  Bertero,  439  in  part)  ;  photographed  by  per- 
mission in  the  National  Museum  at  Prag. 

Plate  135.  a.  PHORADENDRON  ANCEPS.  The  type  collection  of 
Viscum  anceps  (Santo  Domingo,  Bertero,  439  in  part, — from  Spren- 
gel)  ;  photographed  by  permission  in  the  National  Museum  at  Prag. 

b.  P.  HAITENSE.    The  type  (Haiti,  Picarda,  1666)  ;  photographed  by 
permission  at  Dahlem. 

Plate  136.  PHORADENDRON  HARTH.  The  type  (Trinidad,  Hart, 
6101).  b.  A  flowering  specimen  (Trinidad,  Lunt,  6117).  Both  photo- 
graphed by  permission  at  Dahlem. 

Plate  137.  PHORADENDRON  WATTII.  The  type  (Jamaica,  Hitch- 
cock). Photographed  at  the  Missouri  Botanical  Garden  by  Professor 
C.  H.  Thompson. 

Plate  138.  a.  PHORADENDRON  WATTII.  A  representative  fruiting 
specimen  (Jamaica,  Campbell,  6401).  b.  P.  WATTII  PRODUCTUM.  The 
type  (Jamaica,  Harris,  10188).  Both  photographed  by  permission  at 
Dahlem. 

Plate  139.  PHORADENDRON  HELLERI.  The  type  collection  (Puerto 
Rico,  Heller,  6188) .  Photographed  by  permission :  a,  at  the  New  York 
Botanical  Garden ;  b,  in  the  U.  S.  National  Herbarium. 

Plate  140.  a.  PHORADENDRON  HELLERI  SANGUINEUM.  The  type 
(Santo  Domingo,  Fuertes,  1531b).  b.  P.  CRENULATUM.  The  type 
(Jamaica,  Harris,  6659).  Both  photographed  by  permission  at  Dah- 
lem. 

Plate  141.  PHORADENDRON  Dussn.  a.  The  type  (Guadeloupe, 
Duss,  3904  in  part)  ;  photographed  by  permission  at  Dahlem.  b.  A 
second  collection  (Guadeloupe,  Duss,  2969b)  ;  photographed  by  per- 
mission at  the  New  York  Botanical  Garden. 

Plate  142.  PHORADENDRON  GUNDLACHII.  a.  The  type  collection 
(Cuba,  Wright,  2650)  ;  photographed  by  permission  in  the  Boissier 
herbarium  at  Chambesy.  b.  A  fruiting  specimen  ( Cuba,  Britton,  Brit- 


EXPLANATION  OF  PLATES  177 

/0?i  and  Cowell,  13106)  ;  photographed  by  permission  at  the  New  York 
Botanical  Garden. 

Plate  143.  PHORADENDRON  DOMINGENSE.  Two  specimens  from 
Jamaica  (a,  Campbell,  6605;  b,  Campbell,  6398  in  part)  ;  photo- 
graphed by  permission  at  the  New  York  Botanical  Garden. 

Plate  144.  PHORADENDRON  TRINERVIUM.  a.  The  type  collection  of 
Viscum  trinervium  and  of  V.  myrtilloides  (Martinique,  Isert,  1787, — 
as  no.  18296  in  the  Willdenow  herbarium)  ;  photographed  by  permis- 
sion at  Dahlem.  b.  The  typical  representative  of  P.  trinervium  in  the 
collection  of  the  author  of  the  binomial  (Jamaica,  McNab,  68)  ;  photo- 
graphed by  permission  in  the  Grisebach  herbarium  at  the  University 
of  Goettingen. 

Plate  145.  PHORADENDRON  TRINERVIUM.  a.  The  type  collection  of 
Viscum  oblongifolium  (Guadeloupe,  Perrottet,  1824)  ;  photographed 
by  permission  in  the  Delessert  herbarium  at  Geneva,  b.  A  second  col- 
lection (Guadeloupe,  Bertero,  1820)  ;  photographed  by  permission  in 
the  de  Candolle  herbarium  at  Geneva. 

Plate  146.  PHORADENDRON  TRINERVIUM.  a.  Fruiting  specimen 
showing  the  change  from  the  elongated  young  fruit  to  the  globose  ma- 
ture fruit  (Puerto  Rico,  Sintenis,  3246)  ;  photographed  by  permission 
in  the  Delessert  herbarium  at  Geneva,  b.  A  Bahamian  specimen  (Wat- 
ling  Isl.,  Wilson,  7254)  ;  photographed  by  permission  at  the  New  York 
Botanical  Garden. 

Plate  147.  a.  PHORADENDRON  APPUNI.  The  type  (British  Guiana, 
Appun,  1783).  b.  P.  APERTUM.  The  type  (British  Guiana,  Jenman, 
3801 ) .  Both  photographed  by  permission  at  Kewa. 

Plate  148.  PHORADENDRON  GUAZUMAE.  The  type  (Mexico,  Rose, 
Standley  and  Russell,  13846)  ;  photographed  by  permission  in  the  U. 
S.  National  Herbarium. 

Plate  149.  a.  PHORADENDRON  SANCTAE-MARTAE.  The  type  (Colom- 
bia, Smith,  1284)  ;  photographed  by  permission  in  the  U.  S.  National 
Herbarium,  b.  P.  RENSONI.  The  type  (El  Salvador,  Renson,  256)  ; 
photographed  by  permission  at  the  New  York  Botanical  Garden. 

Plate  150.  a,  PHORADENDRON  ZULOAGAE.  The  type  (Venezuela, 
Zuloaga,  1915).  b,  P.  COMMUTATUM.  The  type  (Mexico,  Gregg,  903). 

Plate  151.  PHORADENDRON  COMMUTATUM.  Two  medium-leaved 
specimens(  a,  Rose,  Standley  &  Russell,  14450-,}),  Rose,  1525)  ;  photo- 
graphed by  permission  in  the  U.  S.  National  Herbarium. 


178  THE  GENUS  PHOEADENDEON 

Plate  152.  PHORADENDRON  RUBRUM.  Two  specimens  of  the  proto- 
type of  Viscum  rubrum  (Bahamas:  a,  vol.  2,  p.  2,  of  the  Catesby  her- 
barium ;  b,  vol.  2,  p.  8,  of  the  same  collection)  ;  photographed  by  per- 
mission in  the  Natural  History  Museum  at  South  Kensington,  London. 

Plate  153.  PHORADENDRON  RUBRUM.  The  type  of  P.  tetrastach- 
yum  spatJiulifolium  and  of  P.  spathulifolium  (Cuba,  Wright  512= 
1300  b ) .  Photographed  by  permission :  a,  in  the  Grisebach  herbarium 
at  Gottingen ;  b,  in  the  Gray  herbarium  at  Cambridge. 

Plate  154.  PHORADENDRON  QUADRANGULARE.  a.  Type  of  Viscum 
salicifolium  (Ecuador,  Haenke)  •  photographed  by  permission  in  the 
herbarium  of  the  German  University  at  Prag.  b.  A  specimen  showing 
the  turbinate  joints  of  the  partly  matured  spikes  (Ecuador,  Eggers, 
14829)  ;  photographed  by  permission  at  Dahlem. 

Plate  155.  a.  PHORADENDRON  QUADRANGULARE.  The  type  of  Lor- 
anfhus  quadrangularis  (Colombia,  Bonpland,  1795).  b.  P.  VISCIFO- 
LIUM.  The  type  of  L.  viscifolius  (Ecuador,  Bonpland,  3798)  ;  both 
photographed  by  permission  at  the  Natural  History  Museum  of  Paris. 

Plate  156.  PHORADENDRON  WIESNERIANUM.  The  type  (Brazil. 
Gardner,  1674)  ;  photographed  by  permission  in  the  Natural  History 
Museum  at  Vienna. 

Plate  157.  PHORADENDRON  PIAUHYANUM.  a.  The  type  (Brazil, 
Gardner,  2617)  ;  photographed  by  permission  in  the  Natural  History 
Museum  at  Vienna,  b.  A  specimen  showing  the  turbinate  young  spike 
joints  (Brazil,  Spruce,  2909)  ;  photographed  by  permission  in  the  Na- 
tural History  Museum  at  Buda  Pest. 

Plate  158.  PHORADENDRON  CEIBANUM.  The  type  ( Costa  Rica,  Pit- 
tier,  3900)  ;  photographed  in  the  herbarium  at  Brussels  for  Professor 
Bommer. 

Plate  159.  PHORADENDRON  VENEZUELENSE.  a.  The  type  (Venezuela, 
Fendler,  1810)  ;  photographed  by  permission  at  Kew.  b.  A  second 
specimen  (Panama,  Hayes,  829)  ;  photographed  by  permission  at  the 
New  York  Botanical  Garden. 

Plate  160.  PHORADENDRON  ANTILLARUM.  a.  The  type  (Cuba, 
Wright,  1302).  b.  A  broader-leaved  specimen  in  fruit  (Puerto  Rico 
( Stevens  &  Hess,  5827). 

Plate  161.  PHORADENDRON  ANTILLARUM  ORIENTALS,  a.  The  type 
( Cuba,  Britton,  2119) .  b.  The  type  of  f .  LONGA  ( Cuba,  Britton,  2415) . 
Both  photographed  by  permission  at  the  New  York  Botanical  Garden. 


EXPLANATION  OF  PLATES  179 

Plate  162.  PHORADENDRON  TOWNSENDI.  a.  The  type  (Socorro  Isl., 
Barkelew,  177).  b.  Another  collection  (Socorro  Isl.,  Townsend,  1899). 
Both  photographed  by  permission  in  the  U.  S.  National  Herbarium. 

Plate  163.  a.  PHORADENDRON  GRACILE.  The  type,  pistillate  (Ja- 
maica, Harris,  6392).  b.  P.  GRACILE  BALLII.  The  type,  staminate  (Ja- 
maica, Ball,  1882).  Both  photographed  by  permission  at  Dahlem. 

Plate  164.  PHORADENDRON  MICROPHYLLUM.  a.  The  type  collection 
of  Viscum  microphylluin  (Brazil,  Pohl,  245=4583)  ;  photographed  by 
permission  in  the  National  Museum  at  Prag.  b.  A  fruiting  specimen 
(Brazil,  Gardner,  1325)  ;  photographed  by  permission  in  the  Delessert 
herbarium  at  Geneva. 

Plate  165.  PHORADENDRON  AFFINE.  The  type  of  Viscum  affine 
(Brazil,  Pohl  544).  Photographed  by  permission:  a,  in  the  de  Can- 
dolle  herbarium  at  Geneva;  b,  in  the  Natural  History  Museum  at 
Vienna. 

Plate  166.  PHORADENDRON  MARTIANUM.  a.  The  type  (Brazil, 
Gardner,  1321).  b.  A  fruiting  specimen  (Brazil,  Gardner,  1323). 
Both  photographed  by  permission  in  the  Delessert  herbarium  at  Ge- 
neva. 

Plate  167.  a.  PHORADENDRON  GAUMERI.  The  type  (Yucatan,  Gau- 
mer,  561).  b.  P.  TAMAULIPENSE.  The  type  (Mexico,  Seler,  4484)  ; 
photographed  by  permission  at  Dahlem. 

Plate  168.  PHORADENDRON  ZACAPANUM.  a.  The  type  (Guatamala, 
Kellerman,  5612).  b.  A  second  specimen  (Guatemala,  Kellerman, 
5728). 

Plate  169.  PHORADENDRON  LYONI.  The  type  (Venezuela,  Lyon, 
1900) ;  photographed  by  permission  in  the  U.  S.  National  Herbarium. 

Plate  170.  PHORADENDRON  EMARGINATUM.  a.  The  type  collection 
(Brazil,  Claussen,  252)  ;  photographed  by  permission  in  the  Delessert 
herbarium  at  Geneva,  b.  A  specimen  showing  the  occasional  emphasis 
of  the  midrib  beneath  (Brazil,  Glaziou,  9861)  ;  photographed  by  per- 
mission at  Copenhagen. 

Plate  171.  PHORADENDRON  OBOVATIFOLIUM.  The  type  (Paraguay, 
Morong,  1582)  ;  photographed  at  the  New  York  Botanical  Garden  for 
Professor  Britton. 

Plate  172.  a.  PHORADENDRON  MINOR.  The  type  (Brazil,  von  Mar- 
tins')  ;  photographed  by  permission  at  Munich,  b.  P.  MUCRONATUM. 
A  representative  specimen  (Martinique,  HaJin,  296)  ;  photographed 
by  permission  in  the  Delessert  herbarium  at  Geneva. 


180  THE  GENUS  PHORADENDRON 

Plate  173.  a.  PHORADENDRON  YUCATANUM.  The  type  (Yucatan, 
Gaumer,  561  in  part)  ;  photographed  by  permission  at  the  Field  Mu- 
seum in  Chicago,  b.  P.  OTTONIS.  A  representative  specimen  (Ven- 
ezuela, Eggers,  13335}  ;  photographed  by  permission  at  Copenhagen. 

Plate  174.  a.  PHORADENDRON  DEGENIANUM.  The  type  (Colombia, 
Smith  1285)  ;  photographed  by  permission  in  the  Natural  History  Mu- 
seum at  Buda  Pest.  b.  P.  CUNEIFOLIUM.  The  type  (Venezuela,  Fend- 
ler,  1115)  •  photographed  by  permission  in  the  Grisebach  herbarium 
at  Gottingen. 

Plate  175.  PHORADENDRON  CEARENSE  MINOR.  The  type  collection 
(Brazil,  Gardner,  1669).  Photographed  by  permission:  a,  in  the  Na- 
tural History  Museum  at  Vienna;  b,  in  the  Boissier  herbarium  at 
Chambesy. 

Plate  176.  a.  PHORADENDRON  CEARENSE.  The  type  collection  (Bra- 
zil, Gardner,  1675)  ;  photographed  by  permission  in  the  Natural  His- 
tory Museum  at  Vienna,  b.  P.  CARACASANUM.  The  type  (Venezuela, 
Gollmer,  1855)  ;  photographed  by  permission  at  Dahlem. 

Plate  177.  a.  PHORADENDRON  ARGENTINUM.  The  larger-leaved  type 
(Argentina,  Hieronymus  &  Lorentz,  237).  b.  P.  ERNSTIANUM.  The 
type  (Peru,  Weberbauer,  4251).  Both  photographed  by  permission 
at  Dahlem. 

Plate  178.  a.  PHORADENDRON  MELIAE.  The  type  (Paraguay,  Bal- 
ansa,2495).  b.  P.  PRUINOSUM.  The  type  (Argentina,  Lorentz,  688). 
Both  photographed  by  permission  at  Dahlem. 

Plate  179.  PHORADENDRON  LIGA.  The  type  of  Viscum  Liga  (Ar- 
gentina, Gillies).  Photographed  at  Kew  for  Sir  David  Prain. 

Plate  180.  a.  PHORADENDRON  LIGA.  A  specimen  showing  the  char- 
acteristic sharp  nervation  (Argentina,  Lorentz,  431).  b.  P.  HIER- 
ONYMI.  The  type  (Argentina,  Hieronymus,  421).  Both  photographed 
by  permission  at  Dahlem. 

Plate  181.  PHORADENDRON  LINEARIFOLIUM.  a.  The  type  collection 
(Brazil,  Riedel)  ;  photographed  by  permission  in  the  Boissier  herba- 
rium at  Geneva,  b.  A  specimen  in  flower  (Brazil,  Glaziou,  19419)  ; 
photographed  by  permission  at  Copenhagen, 

Plate  182.  PHORADENDRON  ENSIFOLIUM.  a.  The  type  of  Viscum 
ensifolium  (Brazil,  Pohl,  106)  ;  photographed  by  permission  in  the  de 
Candolle  herbarium  at  Geneva,  b.  A  flowering  specimen  (Brazil, 
Warming,  381)  ;  photographed  by  permission  at  Copenhagen. 


181 

Plate  183.  PHORADENDRON  LANCEOLATO-ELLIPTICUM.  The  type  of 
Viscum  interruption  and  of  V.  lanceolato-ellipticum  (Brazil,  Pohl, 
273).  Photographed  by  permission:  a,  in  the  de  Candolle  herbarium 
at  Geneva ;  b,  in  the  Natural  History  Museum  at  Vienna. 

Plate  184.  PHORADENDRON  MACRARTHRUM.  The  type  collection 
(Brazil,  Gardner,  3765).  Photographed  by  permission:  a,  in  the  Del- 
essert  herbarium  at,  Geneva;  b,  in  the  Natural  History  Museum  at 
Vienna. 

Plate  185.  PHORADENDRON  FALCIFRONS.  The  type  of  Viscum  falci- 
frons  (Uruguay,  Tweedie)  •  photographed  in  the  Hooker  herbarium 
at  Kew  for  Sir  David  Prain. 

Plate  186.  PHORADENDRON  FALCIFRONS.  a.  A  flowering  specimen 
(Uruguay,  Lorentz,  1779)  ;  photographed  by  permission  at  Dahlem. 
b.  A  flowering  specimen  (Uruguay,  Balansa,  3219)  ;  photographed  by 
permission  in  the  Delessert  herbarium  at  Geneva. 

Plate  187.  PHORADENDRON  TUCUMANENSE.  A  type  collection  (Ar- 
gentina, Lorentz  &  Hieronymus,  728)  ;  photographed  in  the  herbarium 
at  Brussels  for  Professor  Bommer. 

Plate  188.  a.  PHORADENDRON  TUCUMANENSE.  A  fruiting  specimen 
(Argentina,  Fiebrig,  2174).  b.  P.  KUNTZEI.  The  type  (Bolivia,  Kuntze, 
20) .  Both  photographed  by  permission  at  Dahlem. 

Plate  189.  PHORADENDRON  NORTHROPIAE.  a.  The  type  (Andros 
Isl.,  Northrop,  551)  ;  photographed  by  permission  at  Dahlem.  b.  A 
second  collection  (Andros  Isl.,  Brace,  5325)  ;  photographed  by  permis- 
sion at  the  New  York  Botanical  Garden. 

Plate  190.  PHORADENDRON  UNDULATUM.  The  type  of  Viscum  un- 
dulatum  (Brazil,  Polil,  1828).  Photographed  by  permission:  a,  in  the 
de  Candolle  herbarium  at  Geneva ;  b,  in  the  Natural  History  Museum 
at  Vienna. 

Plate  191.  a.  PHORADENDRON  UNDULATUM.  A  flowering  specimen 
(Bolivia,  Bang,  363)  ;  photographed  by  permission  in  the  Boissier 
herbarium  at  Geneva,  b.  P.  HERMINIERI.  The  type  (Guadeloupe, 
Duss,  3904  in  part)  ;  photographed  by  permission  in  the  U.  S.  National 
Herbarium. 

Plate  192.  PHORADENDRON  GRACILISPICUM.  a.  The  type  (Costa 
Rica,  Tonduz,  12215).  b.  A  second  collection  (Costa  Rica,  Tonduz, 
10110).  Both  photographed  by  permission  in  the  U.  S.  National  Her- 
barium. 


182  THE  GENUS  PHORADENDEON 

Plate  193.  PHORADENDRON  PERUVIANUM.  The  type  (Peru,  Ruiz) ; 
photographed  by  permission  at  Dahlem. 

Plate  194.  PHORADENDRON  BALANSAE.  The  type  (Paraguay,  Bal- 
ansa,  2497)  ;  photographed  by  permission  at  Dahlem. 

Plate  195.  a.  PHORADENDRON  BALANSAE  HASSLERI.  The  type  (Par- 
aguay, Hassler,  7436)  ;  photographed  by  permission  in  the  Delessert 
herbarium  at  Geneva,  b.  P.  AVENIA.  The  type  (Colombia,  Stuebel, 
165)  ;  photographed  by  permission  at  Dahlem. 

Plate  196.  PHORADENDRON  ENGLERIANUM.  The  types:  a,  stam- 
inate;  b,  pistillate  (Peru,  Weberbauer,  1902)  ;  photographed  by  per- 
mission at  Dahlem. 

Plate  197.  PHORADENDRON  MANDONII.  a.  The  type  collection  (Boli- 
via, Mandon,  1467)  ;  photographed  by  permission  in  the  Natural  His- 
tory Museum  at  Vienna,  b.  P.  MATHEWSI.  The  type  (Peru,  Mathews, 
1846)  ;  photographed  by  permission  in  the  Delessert  herbarium  at 
Geneva. 

Plate  198.  PHORADENDRON  WARMINGII.  a.  The  type  (Brazil, 
Warming,  383).  b.  The  type  collection  of  P.  rugulosum  (Brazil,  Gla- 
ziou,  4012).  Both  photographed  by  permission  at  Copenhagen. 

Plate  199.  PHORADENDRON  HEYDEANUM.  The  type  (Guatemala, 
Heyde  &  Lux,  3140)  ;  photographed  by  permission  in  the  U.  S.  Na- 
tional Herbarium. 

Plate  200.  PHORADENDRON  HEXASTICHUM.  a.  The  type  of  Viscum 
liexasticlium  (Cuba,  de  la  Ossa,  1825)  ;  photographed  by  permission  in 
the  de  Candolle  herbarium  at  Geneva,  b.  A  second  collection  (Mar- 
tinique, Sieber,  227  in  part)  ;  photographed  by  permission  at  Dahlem. 

Plate  201.  a.  PHORADENDRON  HEXASTICHUM  ANGUSTIFOLIUM.  The 
type  (Grenada,  Eggers,  6140)  ;  photographed  by  permission  at  Dah- 
lem. b.  P.  OLIVERIANUM.  The  type  (Mexico,  Liebmann,  3085)  ;  photo- 
graphed by  permission  at  Copenhagen. 

Plate  202.  PHORADENDRON  RACEMOSUM.  a.  The  type  of  Viscum 
macrophyllum  (Puerto  Rico,  Bertero,  1820)  ;  photographed  by  permis- 
sion in  the  de  Candolle  herbarium  at  Geneva,  b.  The  type  collection 
of  V.  glandulosum  (Surinam,  Focke)  ;  photographed  by  permission  at 
Kew. 

Plate  203.  PHORADENDRON  RACEMOSUM.  a.  A  round-leaved  speci- 
men (British  Guiana,  Schomburgk}.  b.  A  short-spiked  specimen 
(Santo  Domingo,  Eggers,  2011).  Both  photographed  by  permission 
at  Dahlem. 


EXPLANATION  OF  PLATES  183 

Plate  204.  PHORADENDRON  PRODUCTIPES.  a.  The  type  (Brazil, 
Gardner,  1676)  ;  photographed  by  permission  in  the  Natural  History 
Museum  at  Vienna,  b.  The  type  collection  of  P.  hexastichum  v.  longi- 
spica  (Brazil,  Gardner,  2112)  ;  photographed  by  permission  in  the 
Delessert  herbarium  at  Geneva. 

Plate  205.  a.  PHORADENDRON  BOLIVIANUM.  The  type  (Bolivia, 
Bang,  as  second  collection  for  632).  b.  P.  CERINOCARPUM.  The  type 
(Santo  Domingo,  Wright,  Parry  &  Brummel,  459).  Both  photo- 
graphed by  permission  at  the  New  York  Botanical  Garden. 

Plate  206.  PHORADENDRON  CERINOCARPUM.  Flowering  and  fruit- 
ing material  (Santo  Domingo,  Fuertes,  275).  Photographed  by  per- 
mission :  a,  in  the  Delessert  herbarium  at  Geneva ;  b,  in  the  Natural 
History  Museum  at  Vienna. 

Plate  207.  PHORADENDRON  CARINATUM.  The  type  (British  Guiana, 
Jenman,  2542)  ;  photographed  by  permission  at  Kew. 

Plate  208.  a.  PHORADENDRON  BRITTONIANUM.  The  type  collection 
(Bolivia,  Bang,  632).  b.  P.  PTERONEURON.  A  flowering  specimen 
(Brazil,  Robert,  439).  Both  photographed  by  permission  at  Dahlem. 

Plate  209.  PHORADENDRON  PTERONEURON.  a.  A  small-leaved  spe- 
cimen (Brazil,  Riedel,  1829)  ;  photographed  by  permission  at  Copen- 
hagen, b.  A  round-leaved  specimen  (Brazil,  Gardner,  1677)  ;  photo- 
graphed by  permission  in  the  Delessert  herbarium  at  Geneva. 

Plate  210.  a.  PHORADENDRON  FRAGILE.  One  of  the  original  collec- 
tions, all  very  fragmentary  (Brazil,  Glaziou,  22023)  ;  photographed 
by  permission  at  Dahlem.  b.  P.  TUNAEFORME.  The  type  collection  of 
Viscum  articulatum  and  of  V.  tunaeforme  (Brazil,  Pohl,  1928)  ;  photo- 
graphed by  permission  in  the  Natural  History  Museum  at  Vienna. 

Plate  211.  a.  PHORADENDRON  EGGERSH.  The  type  (Ecuador,  Eg- 
gers,  15229).  b.  P.  FENDLERIANUM.  The  type  (Venezuela,  Fendler, 
1102) .  Both  photographed  by  permission  at  Dahlem. 

Plate  212.  PHORADENDRON  PARADOXUM.  The  type  (Venezuela, 
Karsten,  5)  :  a,  reduced  two-thirds ;  b,  natural  size.  Photographed  by 
permission  at  Dahlem. 

Plate  213.  PHORADENDRON  CRASSIFOLIUM.  The  type  of  Viscum 
crassifolium  (Brazil,  Pohl,  457).  Photographed  by  permission:  a,  in 
the  de  Candolle  herbarium  at  Geneva ;  b,  in  the  Natural  History  Mu- 
seum at  Vienna. 

Plate  214.  a.  PHORADRENDON  CRASSIFOLIUM.  The  type  of  P.  pe- 
pericarpum  (Brazil,  Wilkes  Expedition)  •  photographed  by  permission 


184  THE  GENUS  PHORADENDRON 

in  the  Gray  herbarium  at  Cambridge,  b.  P.  CRASSIFOLIUM  MULTIFLO- 
RUM.  The  type  (Brazil,  Riedel)  •  photographed  by  permission  at  Mu- 
nich. 

Plate  215.  PHORADENDRON  CRASSIFOLIUM  PITTIERI.  The  type  (Gua- 
temala, Tonduz,  6863).  Photographed  at  Brussels  for  Professor 
Charles  Bommer. 

Plate  216.  PHORADENDRON  MARTINICENSE.  a.  The  type  of  Viscum 
martinicense  (Martinique,  Sieber,  227}  ;  photographed  by  permission 
in  the  Delessert  herbarium  at  Geneva,  b.  A  fruiting  specimen  (Gua- 
deloupe, Duss  3891}  ;  photographed  by  permission  at  Dahlem. 

Plate  217.  PHORADENDRON  PIPEROIDES.  a.  The  type  of  Loranfhus 
piperoides  (Colombia,  Bonpland,  1871}  •  photographed  by  permission 
in  the  Natural  History  Museum  at  Paris,  b.  The  type  collection  of 
Viscum  Schottii  (Brazil,  Pohl,  246}  ;  photographed  by  permission  in 
the  National  Museum  at  Prag. 

Plate  218.  PHORADENDRON  PIPEROIDES.  The  type  of  Viscum  lauri- 
folium  (Mexico,  Leibold)  ;  photographed  by  permission  at  the  German 
University  in  Prag. 

Plate  219.  PHORADENDRON  PIPEROIDES.  Two  specimens  of  the  lau- 
rifolium  group:  a,  Mexico,  Purpus,  3693;  b,  Guatemala,  Kellerman, 
5822. 

Plate  220.  PHORADENDRON  PIPEROIDES.  The  type  of  Loranthus 
torulosus  (Colombia,  Bonpland,  3808)  ;  photographed  by  permission 
in  the  Natural  History  Museum  at  Paris. 

Plate  221.  PHORADENDRON  PIPEROIDES.  a.  The  typical  form  of 
Viscum  saururoides  (French  Guiana,  Patris}  ;  photographed  by  per- 
mission in  the  Delessert  herbarium  at  Geneva,  b.  The  type  of  V.  tere- 
ticaule  cubense  (Cuba,  de  la  Ossa)  ;  photographed  by  permission  in 
the  de  Candolle  herbarium  at  Geneva. 

Plate  222.  PHORADENDRON  PIPEROIDES.  a.  The  type  of  Viscum 
ellipticum  (Mexico,  Haenke)  ;  photographed  by  permission  in  the  Na- 
tional Museum  at  Prag.  b.  The  type  of  V.  cornifolium  (Mexico, 
Haenke)  ;  photographed  by  permission  in  the  German  University  at 
Prag. 

Plate  223.  a.  PHORADENDRON  GARDNERIANUM.  The  type  (Brazil, 
Gardner,  2885)  ;  photographed  by  permission  at  Dahlem.  b.  P.  ESSE- 
QUIBENSE.  The  type  (British  Guiana,  Jenman,  2252}  ;  photographed 
by  permission  at  Kew. 


EXPLANATION  OF  PLATES  185 

Plate  224.  PHORADENDRON  STRONGYLOCLADOS.  a.  The  type  collec- 
tion (Brazil,  Gardner,  1029)  ;  photographed  by  permission  in  the  Gray 
herbarium  at  Cambridge,  b.  A  second  collection  (Brazil,  Gardner, 
3205}  ;  photographed  by  permission  at  Dahlem. 

Plate  225.  a.  PHORADENDRON  JOHNSTONI.  The  type  (Cocke  Isl., 
Johnston,  10)  ;  photographed  by  permission  in  the  Gray  herbarium  at 
Cambridge,  b.  P.  CAESALPINIAE.  The  type  (Brazil,  Vie,  7243)  ;  photo- 
graphed by  permission  at  Dahlem. 

Plate  226.  PHORADENDRON  SURINAMENSE.  The  type  (Surinam, 
Versteeg,  239)  ;  photographed  at  Leiden  by  Dr.  I.  Boldingh. 

Plate  227.  PHORADENDRON  PLATYCAULON.  Two  of  the  type  ex- 
tremes. (Brazil,  Spruce :  a,  no.  1=226;  b,  2=228) .  Photographed  by 
permission :  a,  in  the  Grisebach  herbarium  at  Gottingen ;  b,  at  Munich. 

Plate  228.  a.  PHORADENDRON  PACHYPHYLLUM.  The  type  (Vene- 
zuela, Fendler,  1103ft)  ;  photographed  by  permission  in  the  Grisebach 
herbarium  at  Gottingen.  b.  P.  KNOOPII.  The  type  (Venezuela,  Knoop, 
in,  b )  ;  photographed  by  permission  at  Dahlem. 

Plate  229.  PHORADENDRON  CHRYSOCLADON.  a.  The  type  (Brazil, 
Wilkes  Expedition)  ;  photographed  by  permission  in  the  Gray  herba- 
rium at  Cambridge,  b.  A  fruiting  specimen  (Brazil,  Saltzmann,  302)  ; 
photographed  by  permission  in  the  Delessert  herbarium  at  Geneva. 

Plate  230.  PHORADENDRON  CHRYSOCLADON.  The  type  of  P.  reticu- 
latum  (Brazil,  Glaziou,  7664)  •  photographed  by  permission  at  Co- 
penhagen. 

Plate  231.  a.  PHORADENDRON  MEMBRANACEUM.  The  type  (Ecua- 
dor, Sodiro,  148/18)  ;  photographed  by  permission  at  Dahlem.  b.  P. 
QUINQUENERVIUM.  The  type  collection  (Costa  Rica,  Tonduz,  11457)  ; 
photographed  by  permission  in  the  U.  S.  National  Museum. 

Plate  232.  PHORADENDRON  SUPRA VENULOSUM.  a.  The  type  (Gua- 
temala, von  Tuerckheim,  8574).  b.  A  fruiting  specimen  (Guatemala, 
von  Tuerckheim,  7967) .  Both  photographed  by  permission  in  the  U.  S. 
National  Museum. 

Plate  233.  PHORADENDRON  FLAVENS.  a.  Flowering  specimen  (Ja- 
maica, Watt,  6219)  ;  photographed  for  Dr.  N.  L.  Britton  at  the  New 
York  Botanical  Garden,  b.  Fruiting  specimen,  one  leaf  seen  from  be- 
neath (  St.  Vincent,  Eggers,  6746)  ;  photographed  by  permission  at 
Dahlem. 

Plate  234.  a.  PHORADENDRON  TRISULCATUM.  The  type  (Ecuador, 
Spruce,  6202)  ;  photographed  by  permission  at  Kew.  b.  P.  URBANI- 


186  THE  GENUS  PHOEADENDEON 

ANUM.  The  type  (Peru,  Vie,  6681}  ;  photographed  by  permission  at 
Dahlem. 

Plate  235.  PHORADENDRON  LINDAVIANUM.  The  type  (Peru,  Web- 
erbauer,  1288)  ;  photographed  by  permission  at  Dahlem. 

Plate  236.  PHORADENDRON  LAXIFLORUM.  The  type  (Brazil,  Vie, 
5251 )  ;  photographed  by  permission  at  Dahlem. 

Plate  237.  a.  PHORADENDRON  HUALLAGENSE.  The  type  (Peru,  Tile, 
6664).  b.  P.  DICHOTOMUM.  The  type  of  P.  Giordanae  (Venezuela, 
Knoop,  Hi,  a).  Both  photographed  by  permission  at  Dahlem. 

Plate  238.  PHORADENDRON  DICHOTOMUM.  a.  The  type  of  Viscum 
dichotomum  (Santo  Domingo,  Bertero,  710)  ;  photographed  by  per- 
mission in  the  National  Museum  at  Prag.  b.  The  type  of  P.  Berteri- 
anum  (Santo  Domingo,  Bertero)  ;  photographed  by  permission  in  the 
de  Candolle  herbarium  at  Geneva. 

Plate  239.  a.  PHORADENDRON  DICHOTOMUM  (Puerto  Rico,  Sintenis, 
3058).  b.  P.  DICHOTOMUM  OVATIFOLIUM.  The  type  (Santo  Domingo, 
Eggers,  1845).  Both  photographed  by  permission  at  Dahlem. 

Plate  240.  PHORADENDRON  CYMOSUM.  The  type  (Venezuela,  Goll- 
mer,  1856)  ;  photographed  by  permission  at  Dahlem. 

Plate  241.  PHORADENDRON  GALAPAGEIUM.  The  type  of  Viscum 
galapageium  (Charles  Isl.,  Darwin,  1835)  ;  photographed  for  Mr.  C.  E. 
Moss  in  the  Henslow  herbarium  at  the  University  of  Cambridge. 

Plate  242.  PHORADENDRON  HENSLOVII.  The  type  of  Viscum  Hens- 
lovii  (Chatham  Isl.,  Darwin,  1835)  ;  photographed  for  Mr.  C.  B.  Moss 
in  the  Henslow  herbarium  at  the  University  of  Cambridge. 

Plate  243.  a.  PHORADENDRON  HENSLOVTI  (Chatham  Isl.,  Steindach- 
ner,  67)  ;  photographed  by  permission  in  the  Natural  History  Museum 
at  Vienna,  b.  P.  UNCINATUM.  The  type  (South  Narborough  Isl.,  Snod- 
grass  &  Heller,  325)  ;  photographed  by  permission  in  the  Gray  herba- 
rium at  Cambridge. 

Plate  244.  a.  PHORADENDRON  CAMPINENSE.  The  type  (Brazil,  de 
Campos  Novaes,  417  in  part)  ;  photographed  by  permission  in  the  U.  S. 
National  Herbarium,  b.  P.  HOLTONIS.  The  type  (Colombia,  Holton, 
655)  ;  photographed  by  permission  in  the  Boissier  herbarium  at  Cham- 
besy. 

Plate  245.  PHORADENDRON  LINDENI.  The  type  ( Colombia,  Linden, 
846).  Photographed  by  permission:  a,  in  the  Natural  History  Mu- 
seum at  Vienna ;  b,  in  the  Delessert  herbarium  at  Geneva. 


INDEX— COLLECTIONS 


187 


INDEXES 
A.   COLLECTIONS 


Abrams 

2687.  P.  villosum 
2749.  P.  longispicum 
3230.  P.  californicum 

—  &  McGregor 

—  P.  densum 

33,  49.  P.  longispicum 

Alderson 

705.  P.  longispicum 

Alexander 

—  P.  Grisebachianum 

Ames 

(1858).  P.  flavescens 

Anderson 

—  P.  flavescens 

Andrieux 

346.  P.  calyculatum 

347.  P.  velutinum 

Anthony 

(1897).  P.  Townsendi 

Applegate 

(1899).  P.  densum 

Appun 

1783.  P.  Appuni 

Arechavaleta 

136.  P.  falcifrons 

Arsene 

6.  P.  Forestierae 
8.  P.  velutinum 

7,  10.  896.  P.  brachystachyum 

Aschenborn 

—  P.  velutinum 
147.  P.  villosum 

428.  P.  brachystachyum 

Austin 

(1876).  P.  ligatum 
698  pp.  P.  Libocedri 
698  pp.  P.  villosum 


Baker  (see  Earle) 

203.  P.  villosum 

2096.  P.  ceibanum 

2559.  P.  antillarum 

2602.  P.  piperoides 
— ,  Earle  &  Tracy 

92.  P.  juniperinum 
—  &  Nutting 

(1894).  P.  densum 

(1894).  P.  villosum 
Balansa 

2495.  P.  Meliae 

2496,  3218.  P.  Liga 

2497.  P.  Balansae 

2498,  4722.  P.  piperoides 

3219.  P.  falcifrons 

3220,  4721.  P.  Casimiranum 

Balbis — see  Bertero 
Baldwin 

307.  P.  flaveseens 

Ball 

(1882).  P.  gracile  v. 

Bang 

363,  2903.  P.  undulatum 
632.  P.  Brittonianum 
632  (ii).  P.  bolivianum 
657,  1717.  P.  crassifolium 

Barber  (see  Townsend) 
(1901).  P.  villosum 

Barkelew 

177.  P.  Townsendi 

Barnes  &  Land 
284.  P.  carneum 

Bartlett 

6.  P.  flavescens 

Baur 

286.  P.  Henslovii 
Beardslee  &  Kof  oid 

(1891).  P.  flavescens 


188 


THE  GENUS  PHOEADENDEON 


Belanger 

130.  P.  martinieense 

131.  P.  hexastichum 
Bentham  herbarium 

—  P.  Tonduzii 
Berg 

(1904).  P.  villosum 
Berlandier 

—  P.  brachystachyum 
678,  2088.  P.  Engelmanni 
1158.  P.  velutinum 
1364.  P.  tomentosum 

Berlin  herbarium 

—  P.  velutinum 
Bertero 

— ,  8,  1234.  P.  antillarum 

—  P.  mucronatum 

—  P.  racemosum 

—  P.  tetrapterum 

— ,   (1820).  P.  trinervium 
439  pp.  P.  anceps 
439  pp.  P.  chrysoearpum 
710,  (1821).  P.  dichotomum 

Bessey 

(1875).  P.  villosuir 

Beyrich 

— •  P.  piperoides 

(1834).  P.  flavescens 
Bidwell 

(1890).  P.  villosum 
Bigelow 

— ,  77.  P.  flavescens 

(1853-4),  5,  5a.  P.  calif  ornicum 

(1853-4).  P.  calif  ornicum  v. 

(1853-4).  P.  Havardianum 

(1854).  P.  villosum 

(1854),  2.  P.  pauciflorum 

1  pp.  P.  Libocedri 

1  pp.  P.   densum 

3,  6.  P.  juniperinum 

3  pp.  P.  macrophyllum 

7.  P.  villosum  v. 

8,  9.  P.  Coryae 
Biltmore  herbarium 

4339a,  P.  flavescens 


Bioletti  (see  Michener) 
1892.  P.  villosum 

Biolley 

(1892),  7072,  7078,  P.  piperoides 

Bischoff 

—  P.  juniperinum 
(1871).  P.  calif  ornicum 

Bitting 

1079.  P.  flaveseens 

Blanchet 

—  P.  bathyoryctum 

Blankinship 

(1891).  P.  villosum 

Blasdale 

1019.  P.  villosum 
Bloomer 

(1863-4).  P.  ligatum 
Blumer 

(1905).  P.  Cockerellii 
(1906),  1524,  1957,  1989, 

P.  capitellatum 
95,  105,  109,  110,  1532,  1956,  1990. 

P.  juniperinum 
129,  197,    1514,    1516,    1521,    1976, 

3601.  P.  Coryae 

1520,  1523,   1533,   1946.   P.  macro- 
phyllum 

1517,  1534-5.  P.  macrophyllum  f. 
1531.  P.  Coryae  f. 
Bolander 

(1866).  P.  ligatum 

2670.  P.  longispicum 

2671.  P.  villosum 
Boldingh 

1660.  P.  trinervium 

Bonpland 

1795.  P.  quadrangulare 
3508.  P.  angustifolium 
3798.  P.  viscifolium 
3808.  P.  piperoides 

Bosc 

—  P.  flavescens 

Botteri 

873.  P.  nervosun 


INDEX— COLLECTIONS 


189 


Boundary  Survey 

1235.  P.  Bolleanum 

1236.  P.  californieum  v. 
Bourgeau 

572.  P.  brachystachyum 

782,  1004,  1116.  P.  velutinum 

1473,  1483,  2546,  3034.     P.  nervo- 
sum 

1482.  P.  Wawrae 

1962,  2175.  P.  piperoides 
Brace 

3428,  4643.  P.  rubrum 

4461.  P.  trinervium 

5325.  P.  Northropiae 
Brainerd 

(1911).  P.  flavescens 

Brandegee 

(1879),  1234.  P.  juniperinum 

(1889,  1892).  P.  ealifornieum 

(1889,  1892).  P.  Coryae 

(1889).  P.  Diguetii 

(1889).  P.  peninsulare 

(1889).  P.  saccatum 

(1892).  P.  globuliferum 

(1892).  P.  tumidum 

(1893).  P.  Libocedri 

(1893).  P.  pauciflorum 

(1904).  P.  Guazumae 

512.  P.  Eduardi 
Braunton 

792.  P.  longispicum 

1258.  P.  villosum 
Brendel 

(1860).  P.  flaveseens 
Brenes 

14406,  14519.  P.  gracilispicum 

14407.  P.  Tonduzii 

Brewer 

113.  P.  longispicum 
564.  P.  villosum 
865.  P.  deneum 

Britton  (see  Harris) 
(1892).  P.  flavescens 
165,  1950,   1985,   2052,  2119,   2840, 
3668.  P.  antillarum 


Britton — continued 
180,  3968.  P.  flavens 
355.  P.  Wattii 
807,  1895,   1927,  3068,  3795,  3905. 

P.  domingense 
813.  P.  tetrapterum 
965,  977,  1467,  3144,  3215.  P.  Grise- 

bachianum 

1985,  2119,  2415.  P.  antillarum  v. 
2687.  P.  piperoides 
2991,  3283,  3668.  P.  gracile 
3703,  3734,  3765,  3773.     P.  Camp- 

bellii 

—  &  Brace 

832.  P.  rubrum 
— ,  Britton  &  Cowell 
10241.  P.  antillarum 
13106.  P.  Gundlachii 

-  &  Marble 

1946.  P.  chrysocarpum 
—  &  Wilson 
5579.  P.  antillarum 

-  &  Cowell 

1293.  P.  trinervium 

1301,  1352.  P.  chrysocarpum 

12553.  P.  antillarum 

-  &  Shafer 

12919.  P.  antillarum  v. 
12928.  P.  piperoides 
— ,  Earle  &  Wilson 
4585,  4687.  P.  antillarum 

-  &  Hollick 
1861.  P.  Fici 

1890.  P.  domingense 
2772.  P.  Grisebachianum 

—  &  Marble 

2245.  P.  antillarum 
2248.  P.  trinervium 

—  &  Millspaugh 

5867,  6325.  P.  rubrum 

—  &  Shafer 
1640.  P.  Helleri 
1644.  P.  antillarum 
1831.  P.  chrysocarpum 
1844.  P.  trinervium 


190 


THE  GENUS  PHORADENDRON 


Britton,  Stevens  &  Hess 
2470,  4888.  P.  piperoides 
2535,  2569.  P.  racemosum 
2564.  P.  tetrapterum 

—  &  Wilson 

4886,  5644.  P.  antillarum 

Broadhead 

(1887).  P.  Engelmanni 

Broadway 

1019.  P.  flavens  v. 

1021,  1894.  P.  hexastiehum 

1021b,  1873,  3982.  P.  piperoides 

2596.  P.  martinicense 
Brown  (see  Heller) 

51.  P.  Grisebachianum 

114.  P.  flavescens 

394.  P.  antillarum 

921.  P.  longispicum 

953.  P.  viUosum 

Bruce 

687.  P.  Libocedri 

1786.  P.  villosum 
Brummel — see  Wright 
Buchtieu 

163,  1411.  P.  semiteres 

3156.  P.  Kuntzei 
Buck 

319.  P.  mucronatum 

454.  P.  dichotomum 
Buckley 

—  P.  flavescens 
Burchell 

2129.  P.  linearifolium 

3124,  3165.  P.  crassifolium 

3313.  P.  piperoides 

4396.  P.  undulatum 

4559.  P.  craspedophyllum 
Burrall 

1125.  P.  Coryae 

1126.  P.  macrophyllum 
1127-9.  P.  juniperinum 

Bush 

(1899),  526.  P.  flavescens 
1160.  P.  flavescens  v. 


Butler 

565.  P.  villosum 

1071.  P.  densum 
Buysman 

(1883).  P.  flavescens 
Campbell 

(1896),  6384,  6400.  P.  gracile 

6383,  6387,  6398  pp.,  6581,  6604-5, 
6676,  6714,  6781,  7264,  8138,  9568, 
10175.  P.  domingense 

6385-6,  6401.  P.  Wattii 

6398  pp.,  6604.  P.  Campbellii 
de  Campos  Novaes 

417  pp.  P.  campinense 

417  pp.  P.  crassifolium 
Canby 

(1869).  P.  macrotomum 

(1880).  P.  flavescens 
Carter — see  Small 
Catesby 

— •  P.  rubrum 

Chadbourne 

—  P.  flavescens 
Chamberlain 

—  P.  densum 

Chandler  (see  Hall) 
(1897)  P.  longispicum 
5456  pp.  P.  californicum 
5456  pp.,  6043.  P.  villosum 

Chesnut 

595  P.  villosum 

Christ 

1960.  P.  racemosum 
2096.  P.  dichotomum 
2232.  P.  piperoides 

von  Christman 

—  P.  carneum 
Clark 

(1857).  P.  flavescens 
Clarke 

1-5.  P.  villosum 
Claussen 

— ,  44-5.  P.  piperoides 


INDEX— COLLECTIONS 


191 


Clausssen — continued 
43.  P.  crassifolium 
113,  252.  P.  emarginatum 

Clendon 

(1871).  P.  ligatum 

Coffman 

(1913).  P.  densum 

Cohoon 

7.  P.  Coryae 
Coker 

(1911).  P.  flavescens 

303,  558.  P.  rubrum 
Combs 

299.  P.  antillarum 

347-8.  P.  rubrum 
Congdon 

(1903).  P.  Libocedri 

(1903).  P.  pauciflorum 
Conzatti 

(1897).  P.  Conzattii  v. 

(1913).  P.  carneum 

2124.  P.  brevifolium 

2198.  P.  brachystachyum 

2199.  P.  Eobinsonii 

—  &    Gomez. 

2380.  P.  Conzattii 

—  &  Gonzalez 

72.  P.  brachystaehyum 

295.  P.  calyculatum  v. 

1187.  P.  Conzattii  v. 
-  &  Vasquez 

1476.  P.  brachystachyum 
Cooper 

(1860-1861).  P.  calif  ornicum  v. 

(1861).  P.  villosum  v. 

593.1.  P.  Cooperi 
Copeland 

3542.  P.  densum 
Cory 

(1911).  P.  Coryae 
Coues  &  Palmer 

323.  P.  Coryae 
Coulter 

21.  P.  velutinum 


Coville 

1074,  1915.  P.  Coryae 

1351.  P.  ligatum 

1352.  P.  densum 
1617.  P.  calif  ornicum 
1946.  P.  juniperinum 

—  &  Funston 

130,  589.  P.  densum 

279.  P.  calif  ornicum  v. 

307.  P.  ligatum 

1192.  P.  pauciflorum 

1729.  P.  Libocedri 
Cowell  (see  Britton) 

626.  P.  racemosum 

753.  P.  antillarum 
Cowen 

(1892).  P.  juniperinum 
Crawford 

783.  P.  Grisebachianum 
Crueger 

111,  2720.  P.  flavens  v. 

305.  P.  trinervium 

1649,  2724.  P.  piperoides 
Cuming 

(1823).  P.  flaveseens 

184.  P.  angustifolium 
Curran 

(1886).  P.  Libocedri 
Curtis 

(1852).  P.  flavescens 
Curtiss 

(1872).  P.  flavescens 

2459,  4569.  P.  maerotomum 
Cusick 

2637.  P.  ligatum 

2760a.  P.  densum 
Czermak  &  Eeineek 

199.  P.  bathyoryctum 

312,  637.  P.  ensifolium 

367.  P.  piperoides 
Darlington 

—  P.  flavescens 
Darwin 

(1835).  P.  galapageium 

(1835).  P.  Henslovii 


192 


THE  GENUS  PHORADENDRON 


Davidson 

(1898).  P.  flavescens 

5929.  P.  californicum 
Davis — see  Pammel 
Davy 

45.  P.  ealifornieum 

205,  2603.  P.  densum 

551.  P.  villosum 

2027.  P.  paueiflorum 

de  la  Ossa 

(1825).  P.  hexastichum 

de  la  Sagra 

—  P.  antillarum 
de  Pedeguara 

2690.     P.  amplifolium 

Deam 

6099.  P.  robustissimum  v. 
Dean 

—  P.  flavescens 
Department  of  Agriculture 

—  P.  californicum 
Dewey 

— •  P.  californicum  v. 

644.  P.  piperoides 
Diedrick 

118.  P.  flavescens 
Diehl 

296.  P.  juniperinum 

570.  P.  Coryae 
Diguet 

(1894).  P.  Diguetii 

107.  P.  carneum 

108.  P.  Reiehenbachianum 

109.  P.  brachystachyum 
111.  P.  calyculatum  v. 

Dodson 

(1896).  P.  flavescens 
Douglass 

(1887).  P.  juniperinum 
Drake 

15115.  P.  Coryae 

15116-7,  15120,  15121.  P.  macro- 
phyllum 

15118.  P.  capitellatum 


Drew 

(1889).  P.  villosum 

Drummond 

140.  P.  flavescens 

du  Barry 

(1865).  P.  coloradense 

Ducke 

2513.  P.  crassif  oaum 
2530b.  P.  piperoides 

Duges 
30,  266a.  P.  carneum 

Don 

100,  4156.  P.  mucronatum 

101  pp.,  1374b  pp.,  2966,  2969  pp., 

3902  pp.,  4418  pp.  P.  chrysocar- 

pum 

101  pp.,  2969  pp.,  4418  pp.  P.  pi- 
peroides 
102,  960,  1373,  2968  pp.,  4099,  4417. 

P.  trinervium 
1374b  pp.,  2969  pp.,  3891,  3902  pp., 

3904,  413  7a.  P.  martinieense 
1375,  4137,  4415.  P.  hexastichum 
2966  pp.,  3904  pp.,  4157,  4418  pp. 

P.  Herminieri 
2968  pp.,  2969  pp.,  3904  pp.,  4099 

pp.,  4417  pp.  P.  Dussii 

Earle — see  Baker;  Tracy;  Underwood 

—  &  Baker 

(1897).  P.  flaveseens 

—  &  Tracy 

334.  P.  juniperinum 

Eastwood 

(1894).  P.  villosum  v. 
(1896),  3542.  P.  densum 
(1897-8).  P.  pauciflorum 

Eaton 

1310.  P.  Eatoni 

Eby 

—  P.  macrophyllum 

(1888,  1893,  1894).  P.  flavescens 

Edgerton 

—  P.  flavescens 


INDEX— COLLECTIONS 


193 


Edmunds 

—  P.  flavescens 
Eggers 

93,  965,  1651,  1983,  3328,  4782.  P. 
antillarum 

661,  946,  6398.  P.  flavens  v. 

880  pp.,  926,  1147.  P.  chrysocarpum 

880  pp.,  1741,  2011.  P.  racemosum 

1400,  4668,  4724,  4902,  6077,  6396. 
P.  piperoides 

1682.  P.  aneepa 

1845.  P.  dichotomum  v. 

1899.  P.  hexastichum 

3847,  3877.  P.  rubrum 

6140.  P.  hexastichum  v. 

7060.  P.  trinervium 

13335.  P.  Ottonia 

14829.  P.  quadrangulare 

15229.  P.  Eggersii 
Eggert 

(1892,  1896),  450.  P.  flavescens 
Ehrenberg 

— •  P.  tomentosum 

13.  P.  antillarum 

422  pp.  P.  brachystachyum 

422  pp.  P.  velutinum 

1011.  P.  pachyarthron 
Elmer 

1758,  3794.  P.  villosum 

3607.  P.  densum 
Emanuel 

1.  P.  antillarum 

Endlich 

634,  1048.  P.  velutinum 

689.  P.  calif ornicum  v. 

1138.  P.  nervosum 

1164.  P.  ligatum 

1170,  1220,  1267.  P.  puberulum  v. 

1219.  P.  Schumann! 

1222.  P.  Bolleanum 

1895.  P.  Eobinsonii 

1899.  P.  brachystachyum 

1899a.  P.  Forestierae 
Endres 

139.  P.  supravenuloaum 


Engelmann 

—  P.  Coryae 

—  P.  densum 
— •  P.  villosum 

1840),  706.  P.  flavesceng 
(1880).  P.  calif ornieum 
(1880).  P.  Libocedri 
(1880).  P.  macrophyllum 
707.  P.  flavescens  v. 

—  &  Sargent 

(1880).  P.  calif  ornicum  v. 
(1880).  P.  densum 

Faxon 

(1873).  P.  flavescens 
Fendler 

—  P.  flavescens 

112,  136,  654.  P.  piperoides 
281.  P.  juniperinum 
•   651,  1117,  1341,  1810.  P.  venezue- 
lense 

1102.  P.  Fendlerianum 

1103.  1103|8.  P.  pachyphyllum 

1104.  P.  polygynum 

1105.  P.  rigidum 

1106.  P.  tubulosum 

1108.  P.  ovalifolium 

1109.  P.  gracilispicum 

1110.  1111,  1761.  P.  tovarense 
1115.  P.  cuneifolium 

1762.  P.  longipetiolatum 
1811.  P.  bilineatum 
2396.  P.  crassifolium 

Ferriss 

—  P.  californieum  v. 

—  P.  Engelmanni 

—  P.  juniperinum 

—  P.  macrophyllum 
Fiebrig 

32,  4981.  P.  obovatifolium 
51,  511.  P.  piperoidea 
2174.  P.  tucumanense 
Field  Museum  herbarium 

—  P.  Greggil 
Finley 

(1900).  P.  villosum 


194 


THE  GENUS  PHORADENDRON 


Fitch  (see  Rose;  Shafer) 
(1849).  P.  villosum 

Foeke 

—  P.  racemosum 
716.  P.  dimidiatum 
1019.  P.  obtusissimum 

Frank 

(1835,  1837).  P.  flaveseens 
Fraser 

(1860).  P.  Verleyseni  v. 
Fredholm 

6474.  P.  macrotomum 
Fremont 

106.  P.  macrophyllum 
Friedriehsthal 

(1841).  P.  robustissimum  v. 

(1841).  P.  Tonduzii 

1625.  P.  tamaulipense 
Fuertea 

240,  1175,  1393.  P.  mucronatum 

275,  927.  P.  cerinocarpum 

383,  827.  P.  antillarum 

1531b.  P.  Helleri  v. 
Funcko 

295.  P.  Ottonis 
Funston — see  Coville 
Gabriel 

(1802).  P.  Perrottetii 

(1802).  P' piperoides 
Galeotti 

2692.  P.  brachystachyum 

2694.  P.  Galeottii 

2695.  P.  piperoides 

2696.  P.  calyculalum 
Garber 

24.  P.  antillarum 
Gardner 

436.  P.  nitidum 

1028,  1321,    1323,   1673-4,    2619.  P. 
Martianum 

1029,  3205.  P.  strongyloclados 

1319,  2625.  P.  coriaeeum 

1320,  1678,  1960.  P.  piperoides 
2617.  P.  piauhyanum 


Gardner — continued 

1324-5.  P.  microphyllum 
1669.  P.  cearense  v. 
1670-1.  P.  emarginatum 
1672.  P.  dipterum 
1673-4.  P.  Wiesnerianum 

1675.  P.  cearense 

1676.  1679.  P.  productipes 

1677.  P.  pteroneuron 

1680,  2618,  2621,  2626,3762-3,3765. 

P.  bathyoryctum 
1958.  P.  tunaeforme 
2620,  2881.  P.  crassifolium 
2622.  P.  craspedophylloides 
2885.  P.  Gardnerianum 

3764,  "3765."  P.  congestum 

3765.  P.  maerarthrum 
Gaudichaud 

(1833),  473,  573.  P.  ulophyllum 

567.  P.  Martianum 

574.  P.  acinaeifolium 
Gaumer 

561  pp.  P.  Gaumeri 

561  pp.  P.  yucatanum 

876.  P.  verniccsum 
Gilbert 

(1873).  P.  calif ornicum 

(1874).  P.  Coryae 

(1883).  P.  macrotomum 

104.  P.  macrophyllum 
Gillies 

—  P.  Liga 
Girard 

—  P.  Coryae 

—  P.  juniperinum 
Glaziou 

1428,  1431,  1432,  4008,  7661.  P.  pi- 
peroides 

1432-3,  1460,  4004  pp.,  4005,  7666, 
14884.  P.  crassifolium 

1462.  P.  pteroneuron 

2598  pp.,  8728,  14887  pp.  P.  Mar- 
tianum 

2598,  8728.  P.  microphyllum 

4003,  6893,  8243.  P.  undulatum 

4004  pp.  P.  Glaziovil 


INDEX— COLLECTIONS 


195 


Glaziou — continued 

4009,  7663,  8730.  P.  ulophyllum 

4010.  P.  coriaceum  v. 

4012.  P.  Warmingii 

4013.  P.  nitidum 
6073.  P.  acinacifolium 
7664.  P.  chrysocladon 
8729.  P.  holoxanthum  v. 

9419,  9468,  12032-3,  13926.  P.  line- 

arifolium 

9861,  14887,  P.  emarginatum 
10898,  11608,  22023.  P.  fragile 
139-ua.  P.  platycaulon 
22021.  P.  Crulsii 
22024.  P.  tunaeforme 
Gleason 

(1902).  P.  flavescens 

Goldman 

178.  P.  ligatum 
Gollmer 

(1854).  P.  granaticolum 

(1854).  P.  venezuelense 

(1855).  P.  caracasanum 

(1856).  P.  cymosum 
Gomez — see  Conzatti 
Gonzalez — see  Conzatti 

Goodding  (see  Kennedy) 

725  pp.  P.  californicum  v. 

725  pp.,  884,  1026  pp.  P.  juniperi- 
num 

1026  pp.,  2135,  2139.  .P.  californi- 
cum 

2149.  P.  Bolleanum 

Graham 

(1911).  P.  flavescens 
231.  P.  brachystachyum 
233.  P.  Eeichenbachianum 

Grant 

977,  4517  pp.  P.  Libocedri 
4517  pp.,  4533.  P.  villosum 

—  &  Wheeler 

979,  6243.  P.  villosum 

Graves 

1697.  P.  longispicum 


Gray 

(1842).  P.  macrotomum 
Greene 

(1880).  P.  californicum 

(1880).  P.  capitellatum 

(1880).  P.  Coryae  f. 

(1880).  P.  juniperinum 
Greenman 

120.  P.  commutatum 

1140.  P.  vernieosum 
Gregg 

31,  254.  P.  Greggii 

255.  P.  lanceolatum 

399.  P.  saltillense 

722.  P.  Eeichenbachianum 

725.  P.  brachystachyum 

745.  P.  carneum 

895.  P.  puberulum 

903.  P.  commutatum 

1202.  P.  mazatlanum 
Gregory 

(1890).  P.  villosum 
Griffiths 

(1912),  2019,  3539.  P.  californicum 

(1912).  P.  longispieum 

1797,  2678,   3644,   3676.  P.  macro- 
phyllum 

2616,  3454.  P.  Coryae 

3674,  6144.  P.  macrophyllum  f. 

11135.  P.  juniperinum 
—  &  Hunter 

405.  P.  ligatum 
-  &  Thornber 

191.  P.  macrophyllum  v. 

205.  P.  californicum 
Griggs — see  Underwood 
Grinnell 

399,  402.  P.  longispicum 
Grisebach  herbarium 

—  P.  nervosum 

—  P.  piperoides 
Guedes 

2365.  P.  piperoides 
Guilding 

—  P.  flavens  v. 


196 


THE  GENUS  PHORADENDRON 


Guilding — continued 

—  P.  hexastiehum 

—  P.  trinervium 

Guillemin 

43.  P.  crassifolium 

185.  P.  Martianum 

1472.  P.  chrysocarpum 
Habel 

(1868).  P.  Henslovii 
Haenke 

—  P.  obliquum 

—  P.  piperoides 

—  P.  quadrangulare 
Hahn 

(1865-6).  P.  Purpusi 

(1865-6).  P.  Eobinsonii 

296,  1383,  1385.  P.  mucronatum 

298.  P.  martinicense 

550,  783,  1132.  P.  chrysocarpum 

1386.  P.  hexastiehum 

410.  P.  velutinum 

456.  P.  villosum 
Hall 

2531.  P.  villosum 

2565.  P.  Libocedri 

6014.  P.  californicum 
—  &  Chandler 

527.  P.  Libocedri 
Hansen 

(1887),  74,  721  pp.  P.  Libocedri 

(1897).  P.  gracile 

(1897).  P.  Grisebachianum 

720.  P.  villosum 

721  pp.  P.  ligatum 

1310.  P.  antillarum 
Harper 

1888.  P.  flavescens 
Harris 

6203.  P.  flavens 

6341,  6376,  6397,   10202,   10861.  P. 
Grisebachianum 

6384,  6392,  6400,  6544,  6585,  6661. 
P.  gracile 

6393,  6545,   6576,  6926.  P.  tetrap- 
terum 


Harris — continued 

6395,  6402,  6599,  6680,  6711,  969". 

P.  Wattii 
6383,  6552,   6781,    7264,    10175.    P. 

domingense 

6577,  6584,  6927.  P.  antillarum 
6659.  P.  crenulatum 
9220.  P.  Fiei 
10188.  P.  Wattii  f. 
10339.  P.  piperoides 
-  &  Britton 
10519.  P.  Wattii 
10529.  P.  trinervium 

Harshbergcr 

1912.  P.  Eatoni 
Hart 

(1896).  P.  trinervium 

6101.  P.  Hartii 

6116.  P.  venezuelense 

6118.  P.  piperoides 
Hartman 

944.  P.  capitellatum 

945.  P.  californicum  v. 

946.  P.  macrophyllum  f. 
Harvey 

(1829).  P.  trinervium 
Hasse 

—  P.  densum 

—  P.  flavescens 

(1889,  1893),  4626.  P.  longispicum 
Hassler 

191.  P.  acinaeifolium 

298.  P.  obovatifolium 

913,  6364.  P.  piperoides 

2732,  7551.  P.  Liga 

7436.  P.  Balansae  v. 
Havard 

(1881).  P.  Cockerellii 

82,  84.  P.  Havardianum 

83.  P.  Bolleanum 
Hay — see  Eose 
Hayes 

323,  829.  P.  venezuelense 
616.  P.  piperoides 


INDEX— COLLECTIONS 


197 


Haynald  herbarium 
—  P.  chrysocarpuin 

Heald 

(1909,  1911).  P.  Engelmanni 

Hedge  ock 

422,  427.  P.  Engelmanni 

784,  1512,  1654-5,  3993,  4911,  4939, 

8136,  9319,  9833,  15980.  P.  juni- 

perinum 

841,  9953.  P.  Cockerellii 
815-7,  842-3,  4853,  4872-3,  4916, 

41)21-2,  4940,  9860,  15100,  P.  Co- 

ryae 

1893,  1896,  4840.  P.  villosum 
1895,  1898.  P.  Liboeedri 
4915.  P.  densum 

4923.  P.  longispicum 

4924,  4933.  P.  macrophyllum 
8269.  P.  tiavescd-ja 

9685.  P.  capitellarum 

—  &  Long 

4829,  9720.  P.  paueiflorum 
9677-8,  9686,  9688,  9830-32,  9855.  P. 

Ccryae 

9692.  P.  macrophyilum 
9696.  9814.  P.  californicum 
9815.  P.  californicum  v. 
9817,  9854,  9862.  P.  juniperinum 
9861.  P.  Cockerellii 

—  &  Meinecke 

4805,  4830.  P.  Libocedri 
4829.  P.  paueiflorum 
Hedrick 

180.  P.  jumperiiittm 

181.  P.  Coryae 
Heller  (see  Snodgrass) 

(1896).  P.  californicum 
205,  6186.  P.  antiUarum 
514.  P.  racemosum 
750.  P.  flavescens 
1376.  P.  Engelmanni  v. 
3534.  P.  juniperinum 
6161.  P.  trinervium 
6188.  P.  Helleri 
10464.  P.  californicum  v. 


Heller  &  Brown 

5036.  P.  villosum 
Henry 

(1890).  P.  fiavescens 
Herrick 

133.  P.  Coryae 

985.  P.  juniperinum 
Hess  (see  Britton) 

675.  P.  hexastiehum 

1913.  P.  piperoides 

5402.  P.  antillarum 
Heyde  &  Lux 

3140.  P.  Heydeanum 

3141.  P.  uspantanum 
Hieronymus  (see  Lorentz) 

(1873),  421.  P.  Hieronymi 
419.  P.  argentinum 
729.  P.  Liga 

—  &  Lorentz 

237.  P.  argentinum 

—  &  Niederlein 
(1878).  P.  crassif  olium 
165.  P.  pruinosum 

Hillebrand 

(1863).  P.  villosum 
Hillman 

11715.  P.  ligatum 
Hinds 

(1841).  P.  Robinsonii 
Hioram 

(1912).  P.  antillarum 
Hitchcock 

(1890).  P.  antillarum 

(1890).  P.  rubrum 

(1890).  P.  Wattii 
Hoffmann 

219.  P.  Cooperi 

360.  P.  robustissimum 

378.  P.  ceibanum 

809.  P.  gracilispicum 
Holliek  (see  Brittoa) 

(1880).  P.  viUosum 
Holmes 

(1906).  P.  paueiflorum  f. 


198 


THE  GENUS  PHORADENDRON 


Holstein 

—  P.  Engelmanni 

Holton 

654-5.  P.  Eoltonis 
656.  P.  quadrangulare 

Hooker  herbarium 

—  P.  ehrysocarpum 

—  P.  flavens  v. 
Hopkins — see  Munson 

Hopping 

263.  P.  longispicum 

264.  P.  villosum 

Horn 

(1863).  P.  villosum 

Hostmann  (&  Kappler) 
729  P.  piperoides 

Hottes 

(1914).  P.  juniperinum 
(1914).  P.  Libocedri 
(1914).  P.  villosum 

Hough 

—  P.  densum 

18,  87.  P.  juniperinum 

Howell 

(1884,  1887).  P.  Libocedri 
(1884),  1264.  P.  villosum 

Huber 
469.  P.  affine 

Hulst 

(1893).  P.  flavescens 

Humboldt 

—  P.  minutif  olium 

Hunter — see  Griffiths 

Hutchens 

(1900).  P.  Libocedri 
(1900).  P.  villosum 

Im  Thurn 

(1897).  P.  raesmosum 

Imray 

—  P.  trinervium 
212.  P.  chrysocarpum 
216,  386.  P.  flavens  v. 


Isert 

(1787).  P.  tetrapterum 
(1787).  P.  trinervium 

Jack 

(1907).  P.  villosum 

James 

(1879).  P.  longispicum 

Jameson 

—  P.  parietarioides 
608.  P.  Verleyseni 

Jenman 

650,  1218,   2221,  2545,  3781,  3868, 

4747.  P.  piperoides 
1217,    2533,   3628,    7433.    P.    crassi- 

folium 

2218,  4055.  P.  racemosum 
2247,  3795,  4821.  P.  Perrottetii 
2252.  P.  essequibense 
2539,  P.  obtusissimum 

2541,  4678.  P.  Jenmani 

2542.  P.  carinatum 
2546.  P.  demerarae 
3801.  P.  apertum 

Jepson 

(1894).  P.  longispicum  v. 

(1894).  P.  villosum 

(1894,  1904).  P.  longispicum 

Jenny 

(1904).  P.  Engelmanni 
(1904).  P.  Engelmanni  v. 

Johnson 

8270,   8279.   P.   juniperinum 

Johnston 

10.  P.  Johnston! 

Jones 

(1882),  3703.  P.  densum 

(1882),  3028.  P.  villosum 

(1884,  1905,  1906,  1907).  P.  calif or- 

nicum 

(1884,  1903).  P.  capitellatum 
(1884).  P.  Cockerellii 
(1884).  P.  coloradense 
(1900),  2081,    2095aa,    4041,   6045. 

P.  juniperinum 
(1900).  P.  pauciflorum 


INDEX— COLLECTIONS 


199 


J  ones — continued 

(1903).  P.  Bolleanum 

(1903).  P.  ligatum 

(1903),  4041,  4253.  P.  Coryae 

(1903,  1904),  5013.  P.  calif ornicum 
v. 

(1903).  P.  puberulum  v. 

570.  P.  carneum 

3028.  P.  longispicum 

3734.  P.  villosum 

4279,  4281.  P.  macrophyllum  v. 
Jon  ea  herbarium 

2469.  P.  flavescens 
Joor 

—  P.  Engelmanni 

Jordan 

8296,  8332.  P.  villosum 

Kalbreyer 

353.  P.  gracilispicum 
Kappler — see  Hostmann 
Karsten 

— •  P.  polygynum 

5.  P.  paradoxum 
Karwinski 

(1833).  P.  longifolium 

(1844).  P.  Schumann! 

—  P.  calyculatum 

—  P.  Eobinsonii 

—  P.  tamaulipense 
Kearney 

2356.  P.  flavescens 
Kellerman 

4541.  P.  velutinum 

4551,  4829.  P.  vulcanieum 

4720.  P.  eommutatum 

5100.  P.  robustissimum  v. 

5154-5.  P.  multiflorum 

5604,  5612,  5728,  5972.  P.  zacapa- 
num 

5822.  P.  piperoides 
Kellogg 

(1909).  P.  flaveseens  v. 
Kennedy  &  Goodding 

57.  P.  calif  ornicum  v. 


Kerber 
34,  351.  P.  nervosum 

87.  P.  Kobinsonii 

88.  P.  brachystachyum 
301.  P.  piperoiden 
1990.  P.  tamaulipense 

Killingsworth 

(1915).  P.  flavescens 

Kirkwood  (see  Lloyd) 
147.  P.  tomentosum 

Knieskern 

—  P.  flavescens 

Knoop 

iii.  P.  venezuelense 

iii  b.  P.  Knoopii 
Knowlton 

188.  P.  juniperinum 

Kofoid — seo  Beardslee 

Korthala 

(1843).  P.  fiavescens 

Krebs 
101.  P.  flavescens 

Krug 

537.  P.  chrysocarpum 

538.  P.  antillarum 

Kuntze 

(1874).  P.  villosum 

—  P.  afline 

3,  4,  36.  P.  bathyoryctum 

5.  P.  Liga 

6.  P.  Meliae 

9.  P.  hypericif  olium 

10.  P.  falcifrons 

15.  P.  reductum 

16,  17,  679.  P.  piperoides 
18,  19.  P.  emarginatum 
20.  P.  Kuntzei 

219,  415.  P.  racemosum 
426.  P.  tetrapteruia 
495.  P.  antillarum 
1597.  P.  tubulosum 
3168.  P.  densum 
23231.  P.  juniperinum 


200 


THE  GENUS  PHOEADENDEON 


Kurtz 

6772,  8434.  P.  Liga 

6783.  P.  Hieronymi 

6784.  P.  Balansae 
Land — see  Barnes 

Lapham 

1874.  P.  flavescens 

Lay 

(1903).  P.  Coekerellii 

L  'Herminier 

a.  P.  Herminieri 
Le  Jolis  herbarium 

—  P.  Ottonis 
871.  P.  antillarum 

Lehmann 

3565,  8538.  P.  gracilispicum 

6667.  P.  Trianae 
Leiberg 

285.  P.  ligatum 

3150.  P.  Libocedri 

3152.  P.  pauciflorum 

3161.  P.  densum 

3215.  P.  longispieum 

Leibold 

—  P.  piperoides 
Lemmon  (see  Parry) 

(1875,  1879).  P.  Libocedri 
(1875,  1879).  P.  ligatum 
(1875).  P.  villosum 

266.  P.  capitellatum 

267.  P.  ealifornicum  v. 
Leprieur 

97,  194-5.  P.  Perrottetii 
Levy 

1293.  P.  ceibanum 

Lewers 

(1892).  P.  Libocedri 

—  P.  ligatum 

Liebmann* 

—  P.  piperoides 

2,  3098-9,  3100.  P.  commutatum 


Liebmann — continued 

3,  3089,  5,  3090.  P.  nervosum 

4,  3097.  P.  Purpusi 

6,  3085.  P.  Oliverianum 

7,  11,  3083.  P.  braehystaehyum 

8,  P.  colipense 

9,  3102.  P.  Eobinsonii 

12,  3080,  13,  3106.  P.  amplifolium 
16,  3084.  P.  brevifolium 
Lighthipe 

(1897).  P.  macrotomum 

Lillo 

5414.  P.  tucumanensc 
20256.  P.  Hieronymi 

Lindberg 

253.  P.  undulatum 
253a.  P.  nitidum 

Linden 

43.  P.  crassifolium 
538.  P.  calyeulatum 
541.  P.  Galeottii 
796.  P.  Briquetianum 
846.  P.  Lindeni 
1960.  P.  piperoides 

Lindheimer 

115,  227,  406,  445,  1120,  1121,  1122. 
P.  Engelmanni 

Link  herbarium 
—  P.  craspedophylloides 

Lloyd 

(1907).  P.  calif ornicum 
(1907).  P.  macrophyllum 
147.  P.  tomentosum 

207.  P.  Herminieri 

208.  P.  flavens  v. 
463.  P.  trinervium 
765.  P.  hexastichum 

—  &  Kirkwood 

15.  P.  tomentosum 
Lofgren 

799.  P.  crassifolium 

1074.  P.  tunaeforme 


*The  smaller  numbers  are  the  originals,  under  which  the  specimens  are  cited  by 
Oliver ;    the  others,  those  of  the  herbarium  sheets  as  now  numbered. 


INDEX— COLLECTIONS 


201 


Long  (see  Hedgcock) 

12041.  P.  Engelmanni  v. 

12048.  P.  flavescens  v. 

15103.  P.  Engelmanni 

15133,     15155-6,     15180-1,     15214, 
15242.  P.  macrotomum 

15169.  P.  flavescens 
Lorentz — see  Hieronymus 

344,  395,  431,  471,  478.  P.  Liga 

364,  432,  468.  P.  Hieronymi 

382,  688.  P.  pruinosum 

632,  1779,  1879,  4772.  P.  falcifrons 
—  &  Hiernonymus 

219,  420.  P.  Liga 

223,  235,  .335,  782.  P.  tucumanense 
Lumholtz 

30.  P.  californieum 
Lund 

21.  P.  bathyoryetum 

385.  P.  piperoides 
Lunt 

6117.  P.  Hartii 

6118.  P.  piperoides 
Lusehnath 

—  P.  crassif  olium 

(1835).  P.  piperoicles 

(1839).  P.  crassif  olium  v. 
Lux — see  Heyde 
Lyon  (see  Bobinsou) 

(1900).  P.  Lyoni 

(1905).  P.  ligatum 
Mandon 

1467.  P.  Mandonii 
Manning 

58.  P.  ligatum 

Marble  (see  Britton) 

231.  P.  Wattii 
March 

1316.  P.  trinervium 
Marker 

(1901).  P.  flavescena 
Martens 

1622.  P.  crassif  olium 


Martin 

—  P.  flavescens 

—  P.  Perrottetii 
von  Martius 

—  P.  acinacifolium 

—  P.  affine 

—  P.  bathyoryctum 

—  P.  coriaceum 

—  P.  crassifolium 

—  P.  emarginatum 

—  P.  habrostachyum 

—  P.  minor 

—  P.  multifoveolatum 

—  P.  platycaulon 

—  P.  tunaeforme 
Mathews 

(1846).  P.  Mathewsi 

Matthes 

573.  P.  Engelmanni 

Matthews 

(1883).  P.  juniperinum 

Maxon 

1675.  P.  antillarum 
4337.  P.  piperoides 

Mac  Dougal 

(1904).  P.  californieum 
142.  P.  juniperinum 
612.  P.  macrophyllum 

McCarthy 

—  P.  flaveseens 
1879.  P.  flavescens 

McClatchie 

(1893).  P.  pauciflorum 
(1893).  P.  villosum 

McCrory — see  von  Schrenk 
McFadyen 

—  P.  flavens 

McGregor — see  Abrams 

McNab 

68.  P.  trinervium 

Mearns 

164.  P.  macrophyllum 
171.  P.  flavescens  v. 


202 


THE  GENUS  PHOEADENDBON 


Mearns — continued 

172,  300,  2485,   2529.  P.   capitella- 
tum 

391,  1633,   1760,   2395,   2427,   2479, 
2528,  2643.  P.  Coryae 

2644.  P.  calif  ornieum  v. 

2742,  2894.  P.  californicum 

3013,  3198.  P.  densum 

3617,  3767.  P.  villosum 
Meek 

(1889).  P.  flavescens 

Meinecke — see  Hedgcock 
Meislahn 

155.  P.  macrotomum 

Mell 

(1907).  P.  macrotomum 

Menzel 
— •  P.  Engelmanni  v. 

Merton 

2073.  P.  capitellatum 

Metcalfe 

26,  31.  P.  Cockerellii 

737.  P.  juniperinum 

925.  P.  Coryae 

Mexico — see  Boundary  Survey 
Meyer 

720.  P.  piperoidea 
Michener  &  Bioletti 

(1893).  P.  villosum 
Moeller 

—  P.  piperoides 
Moore 

534.  P.  crassifolium 

954.  P.  affine 
Morgan — see  Pollard 
Moritz 

307.  P.  venezuelense 
Morong 

358,  1546.  P.  acinacifolium 

618.  P.  Liga 

954.  P.  Balansae  f. 

1582.  P.  obovatifolium 
Mueller 

221,  1755.  P.  brachystachyum 


Mueller —  continued 

1219.  P.  nervosum 

1570.  P.  tainaulipense 
Muhlenberg 

639.  P.  flavescens 

Mulford 

141.  P.  Havardianum 
374.  P.  juniperinum 
670.  P.  Coryae 

Munro 

15109,  15110.  P.  Coryae 
15111,  15112.  P.  juniperinum 

Munson  and  Hopkins 
(1889).  P.  juniperinum 

Nash 

98.  P.  mucronatum 
150a.  P.  raeemosum 
633.  P.  dichotomum 
-  &  Taylor 

947,  1021,  1314,  1342.  P.  rubrum 
1151.  P.  dichotomum 
1251.  P.  piperoides 
1322.  P.  antillarum 

Nealley 

(1890).  P.  Bolleanum 

Nelson 

1982,  2018.  P.  amplifolium 

2074.  P.  calyculatum 

2650.  P.  commutatum 

4756,  4921.  P.  Bolleanum 
Neuwied — see  Wied-Neuwied 
Nicholson 

16.  P.  antillarum 

Niederlein 

95.  P.  decussatum 

102.  P.  falcifrons 

171,  1277.  P.  piperoidea 
Noack 

— •  P.  piperoides 
Northrop 

451.  P.  Northropiae 

704.  P.  raeemosum 
Nuttall 

—  P.  flaveseena 


INDEX — COLLECTIONS 


203 


Nuttall — continued 

(1834).  P.  villosum 

(1836).  P.  calif ornicum 
Nutting — see  Baker 
Oersted* 

1,  3103.  P.  Eensoni 

3,  3086  pp.  P.  gracilispicum 

3,  3086  pp.  P.  piperoides 

4,  14,  3082,  3096.  P.  annulatum 

5,  3091,  3093.  P.  Cooperi 
Orcutt 

— •  P.  densum 

234.  P.  Libocedri 

545.  P.  paueiflorum 

1310,  2027,  2044.  P.  californicum 
v. 

1310a.  P.  villosum 

2013.  P.  californicum 
Otto 

556.  P.  venezuelense 

565.  P.  Ottonis 
Pabst 

554  pp.  P.  crassifolium 

554  pp.  P.  piperoides 
Painter — see  Rose 
Palmer  (see  Coues;  Parry) 

(1853-4).    P.  Balansae 

(1875,  1877).  P.  juniperinum 

(1876).  P.  macrophyllum 

21,  81.  P.  tamaulipense 

79.  P.  ligatum 

84.  P.  Schumann! 

85.  P.  guadalupense 
88.  P.  globuliferum 
103,  291.  P.  thyrsoideum 
119.  P.  Palmeri 

254.  P.  flavescens 
270.  P.  californicum  v. 

440.  P.  villosum 

441.  506,  665.  P.  californicum 

442.  P.  densum 
719.  P.  carneum 

777.  P.  tomentosum 

778.  P.  Bolleanum 
882.  P.  Eduardi 


Pammel 

(1888).  P.  Engelmanni 

—  &  Davis 

114.  P.  villosum 
Paris  herbarium 

—  P.  platycaulon 

198.  P.  piperoidea 
Parish 

680.  P.  longispicum 

684.  P.  californicum 

899.  P.  densum  v. 

970,  3005,  5071.  P.  Libocedri 

1073.  P.  villosum 

1443.  P.  paueiflorum 

1444.  P.  ligatum 
Parry  (see  Wright) 

(1877).  P.  californicum  v. 
877.  P.  Libocedri 

—  &  Lemmon 

373.  P.  Libocedri 

—  &  Palmer 

799.  P.  falcatum 
799%.  P.  thyrsoideum 

Parsons 

(1877).  P.  juniperinum 

Patris 

—  P.  piperoides 
Paul  of  Wuertemberg 

(1831).  P.  velutinum 
Pavon 

—  P.  angustif  olium 
— •  P.  brachystachyum 

—  P.  semiteres 

Pearce 

(1864).  P.  tucumancnse 

Peck 

444,  530.  P.  piperoides 
824.  P.  crassifolium  v. 

Peckolt 

624.  P.  crassifolium 
de  Pedeguara 

2690.  P.  amplifolium 


*See  note  under  Lehmann. 


204 


THE  GENUS  PHORADENDRON 


Perriam 
—  P.  flaveseens 

Perrottet 

(1820).  P.  racemosum 
(1820),  229.  P.  piperoides 
(1824).  P.  trinervium 
228.  P.  Perrottetii 

Picarda 

5a,  16a.  P.  racemosum 

72,  132b,  301,  448.  P.  antillarum 

215.  P.  dichotomum 

1605.  P.  piperoides 

1623.  P.  hexastichum 

1640,  1666.  P.  haitense 

Pilsbry 

(1904).  P.  macrotomum 

(1906).  P.  capitellatum 

(1906).  P.  Coryae  and  f. 

(1906).  P.  juniperinum 
Pittier  (see  also  Tonduz) 

816,  14117.  P.  crispum 

1258,  2932,  3312.  P.  graeilispicum 

1637.  P.  robustissimum  v. 

2604.  P.  venezuelense 

3345,  3357,  3903.  P.  piperoides 

3900,  6638.  P.  eeibanum 

3901-2,  6580.  P.  crassifolium  v. 

Pittmann 

(1902).  P.  flaveseens 

Plank 

(1895).  P.  juniperinum 

Platt 

(1894).  P.  longispicum 

Poeppig 

(1824).  P.  antillarum 

(1829-30).  P.  Linda vianum 

2859.  P.  crassifolium  f. 
Pohl 

(1828),  246,  4319.  P.  piperoides 

106.  P.  ensifolium 

245,  4583.  P.  microphyllum 

273.  P.  lanceolato-ellipticum 

457.  P.  crassifolium 

544.  P.  affine 


Pohl — continued 
568.  P.  undulatum 
1928.  P.  tunaeforme 

Poiteau 

— •  P.  anceps 

(1819-21,  1824).  P.  piperoides 

617.  P.  dichotomum 

Pollard  &  Morgan 
247a.  P.  flaveseens 

Pond 

183.  P.  Libocedri 

189,  192.  P.  villosum 

191.  P.  densum 
Powell 

—  P.  flaveseens 

Pratten 

— •  P.  ligatum 

Prax 

(1854).  P.  antillarum 

Prenleloup 

507.  P.  racemosum 
Preuss 

1372.  P.  robustissimum  v. 

Price 

—  P.  flaveseens 

Pringle 

(1881).  P.  calif ornicum  v. 

(1881).  P.  Coryae 

(1883),  845.  P.  Greggii 

(1884).  P.  calif  ornieum 

(1884),  1358.  P.  juniperinum 

(1884).  P.  macrophyllum 

(1885),  256.  P.  Bolleanum 

80.  P.  antillarum 

1854,  2668,  8647.  P.  carneum 

8191.  P.  nervosum 

4699,  13189.  P.  calyculatum 

4434.  P.  tequilense 

6290.  P.  Forestierae 

6630,  11159,  13188.  P.  Pringlei 

6272,  9467,  13765.  P.  Robinsonii 

6759,  7027,  8009,  11160.  P.  brachy- 

stachyum 
8058,  9509,  13190.  P.  velutinum 


INDEX— COLLECTIONS 


205 


Purdie 
— •  P.  flavens 

—  P.  mucronatum 
Purpus 

(1912).  P.  Purpusi 

(1912),  2877.  P.  nervosum 

(1912),  3693.  3806.  P.  piperoides 

2.  P.  juniperinum 

1106.  P.  Greggii 

1441,  4087,  5073.  P.  brachystach- 

yum 

1777.  P.  velutinum 
2724.  P.  lanatum 
5322.  P  commutation 
5832.  P.  Eobinsonii 

6279.  P.  calyculatum  v. 

6280.  P.  tamaulipense 
6401.  P.  Galeottii 

Rafinesque 

(1823).  P.  flavescens 
Bamage 

1888.  P.  piperoides 

Bansdell 

—  P.  flavescena 
Eattan 

—  P.  villosum 
(1912).  P.  longispicum 

Eavenel 

—  P.  flavescens 
Eaymond 

1869.  P.  flavescens 
Eead 

—  P.  flavescens 
— •  P.  trinervium 

Eehn  &  Viereck 

(1902).  P.  capitellatum 
Eeineck — see  Czermak 
Benson 

256.  P.  Eensoni 

284.  P.  robustissimum  v. 
Eeverchon 

837.  P.  Engelmanni 
Bicksecker 

302.  P.  chrysocarpum 


Eiedel 

(1829).  P.  pteroneuron 

—  P.  bathyoryctum 

—  P.  chrysocladon 

—  P.  crassifolium  and  f. 

—  P.  piperoides 

—  P.  platycaulon 
— •  P.  undulatum 

Bobert 

439.  P.  pteroneuron 

522.  P.  piperoides 
Bobinson  &  Lyon 

(1900).  P.  Lyoni 
Eojas 

2732.  P.  Liga 
Eolfa 

(1891),  538.  P.  flavescens 
BOM 

1525.  P.  commutatum 
1712,  3409.  P.  scaberrimum 
3442.  P.  Bolleanum 
16293.  P.  brachyphyllum 
16354,  16617.  P.  peninsulare 
16562.  P.  saccatum 
16583.  P.  californicum  v. 
16780.  P.  californicum 
16848.  P.  aureum 
16862.  P.  tumidum 
— ,  Fiteh  and  Bussell 
3936.  P.  cerinocarpum 

—  &  Hay 

5873.  P.  Forestierae 
5939.  P.  Eobinsonii 
— ,  Painter  &  Bose 

9160,  9873.  P.  brachystachyum 
9707.  P.  lanatum 
9742.  P.  carneum 
9877.  P.  Eobinsonii 
9965.  P.  brevifolium 

—  &  Rose 

11259.  P.  Eobinsonii 

11260.  P.  brachystachyum 

—  &  Bussell 

19751.  P.  emarginatum 

19799.  P.  afline 

19908.  P.  stenopuyllum 


206 


THE  GENUS  PHOBADENDEON 


Kose  &  Eussell — continued 

20027.  P.  dipterum 

20369.  P.  fragile 
— ,  Standley  &  Bussell 

12211.  P.  Engelmanni  v. 

12574,  13520.  P.  brachystachyum 

13165.  P.  californieum  v. 

13846.  P.  Guazumae 

14450.  P.  commutatum 

Boss 

148.  P.  velutinum 

459.  P.  carneum 

718.  P.  nervosum 

723.  P.  Galeottii 
Bothrock 

261,  510,  814.  P.  juniperinum 

262,  794.  P.  Coryae 
338.  P.  californieum 
362.  P.  macrophyllum 

Bothschuh 

464.  P.  robustissimum  v. 

Bugel 

269b.  P.  anlillarum 

270.  P.  piperoides 
Buiz 

—  P.  peruvianum 

—  P.  piperoides 

Busby 

(1896).  P.  raeemosum 
(1909).  P.  Liboeedri 
(1910).  P.  Conzattii 
177.  P.  carneum 

389.  P.  Coryae 

390,  7262.  P.  juniperinum 
1387,  1543  pp.  P.  crassifolium 
1542.  P.  aeinacifolium 

1546.  P.  undulatum 

1547.  P.  bolivianum 

Eussell  (see  Bose) 

1889.  P.  californieum 
Safford 

1438.  P.  carneum 
Sagot  herbarium 

296.  P.  piperoides 

1291.  P.  Perrottetii 


Saltzmann 

302.  P.  chrysocladon 
Sargent — see  Engelmann 
Sartorius 

—  P.  piperoides 
Saunders 

(1906).  P.  longispicum 

Savage  &  Stull 
1174.  P.  flavescens 

Schaffner 

188,  459.  P.  velutinum 

Sehenck 

2132.  P.  piperoides 
3902.  P.  Martianum 
4238.  P.  tunaeforme 
4282.  P.  pteroneuron 

Scherfee 

(1914).  P.  villosum 

Sehiede 

402.  P.  minutifolium 

403.  P.  faleatum 
Schmitz 

150.  P.  velutinum 

Sehnabel 

(1911).  P.  macrotomum 

Schoenfeldt 

3045.  P.  densum 
3400.  P.  villosum 
3687.  P.  coloradense 

Schomburgk 

—  P.  piperoides 
554.  P.  racemosum 

Sehott 

(1855).  P.  capitellatum 

—  P.  coloradense 

—  P.  piperoides 
von  Sehrenk 

(1912).  P.  flavescens  v. 
—  &  McCrory 

(1912).  P.  flavescens 
Schumann 

711.  P.  Schumann! 
Schwancke 

—  P.  antillarum 


INDEX— COLLECTIONS 


207 


Schweinitz 

(1829).  P.  flavescens 
Schweinitz  herbarium 

—  P.  piperoides 
Seemann 

— •  P.  Bolleanum 

2140.  P.  Schumanni 

2141.  P.  Reichenbachianum 
Seler 

119,  1763.  P.  tlacolulense 

422,  4484.  P.  tamaulipense 

4731.  P.  juniperinum 
Selkirk 

1771-2.  P.  Coryae 

9816.  P.  californicum 
SeUo 

122.  P.  SeUoi 

155.  P.  craspedophyllum 

234.  P.  craspedophylloides 

498.  P.  piperoidea 

511,  597.  P.  aeinacifoliuin 

5266.  P.  crassifolium 

5847.  P.  holoxanthum 
von  Seneloh 

259.  P.  piperoides 
Shafer  (see  Britton) 

159,  296,  363',  371,  563,  815,  1109, 
1622,  11823,  11828,  12109,  12403. 
P.  antillarum 

296,  371.  P.  rubrum 

314,  320,  600,  607,  2003.  P.  triner- 
vium 

331,  3270,  8116,  8517,  8601,  8607, 
8737.  P.  piperoides 

8590.  P.  hexastichum 

8817.  P.  dichotomum 

12178.  P.  Gundlachii 
—  &  Fiteh 

1472.  P.  chrysoearpum 
Shear 

4200,  4206,  4259.  P.  macrophyllum 

Shimek 

(1898).  P.  flavescons 
Short 

(1852).  P.  flavescens 


Sieber 

—  P.  piperoides 

227  pp.  P.  hexastichum 
227  pp.  P.  martiuicense 
Simpson 

49.  P.  macrotomum 

—  P.  Cockerellii 
Sintenis 

339,    339b    pp.,    339c,    1270,    1388, 

4154,  4391,  4494,  4614,  4840.    P. 

piperoides 
339b  pp.,  887,  4894,  5297,  6060.  P. 

chrysoearpum 
885,  887b,  3035,  2292b,  3912,  5562, 

6624,  6701.  P.  antillarum 
887c,    3034,  3246,  3248.  P.  triner- 

vium 
2345b,  2348,  3058,  4288,  6114,  6419. 

P.  dichotomum 
2836,  5383.  P.  hexastichum 
5409,  6758  pp.  P.  tetrapterum 
6758  pp.  P.  racemosum 
Sitgreaves 

—  P.  juniperinum  f. 
Skehan 

(••899).  P.  juniperinum 
Small 

(1893).  P.  flavesceua 
—  &  Carter 

8479.  P.  Northropiae 

Smith 

(1872).  P.  macrotomum 

34,  1300.  P.  trinervium 

183,  2310.  P.  flavescens 

245  pp.,  1305.  P.  chrysocarpum 

245  pp.,   248,   263,    1278,   2039.    P. 

piperoides 

297.  P.  hexastichum 
360.  P.  tamaulipense 
374.  P.  flavens  v. 

1280.  P.  venezuelense 

1281.  P.  exiguum 

1282.  1285.  P.  Degenianum 

1283.  P.  Herbert-Smithii 

1284.  P.  sanetae-martae 
2097.  P.  robustissimum  v. 


208 


THE  GENUS  PHORADENDROX 


Smith — continued 

2610.  P.  annulatum 

5466.  P.    villosissimuin 

5483.  P.  densum 
Snodgrass  &  Heller 

40,  228,  825.  P.  Henslovii 

325.  P.  uneinatum 

Sodiro 

(1871, 1873),  19e,  28-30,  32,  148/29, 

148/29b.  P.  Verleyseni 
(1872).  P.  quadrangulare 
(1872,  1874),  148/28.  P.  piperoides 
(1874),  148/21.  P.  amplectens 
a,  148/16.  P.  obliquum 
c,  i,   148/20,   148/25.  P.  parietari- 

oides 
e,  148/18.  P.  membranaceum 

Solereder 

(1893).  P.  calif  ornicum  v. 
(1893).  P.  Liboeedri 

Soulard 

—  P.  Engelmanni 
(1872).  P.  flavescens 

Spaulding 

299-301.  P.  longispieum 

302.  P.  juniperinum 
Sprengel  herbarium 

—  P.  antillarum 

—  P.  hexastichum 

Spruce 

(1850-51),  1,  2,  226,  228.  P.  platy- 
caulon 

4,  739,  2909.    P.  piauhyanum 

140.  P.  caripense 

732,  904.  P.  crassifolium  f. 

1563.  P.  crassifolium 

2112.  P.  productipes 

3480.  P.  pellucidulum 

6202.  P.  trisuleatum 
Stahl 

45,  1043.  P.  antillarum 

1043b.  P.  chrysoearpum 
Standley  (see  Rose;  Wooton) 

(1906).  P.  Coryae 

525.  P.  Cockerellii 


Stearns 

(1911).  P.  Cockerellii 
(1911).  P.  Engelmanni 

Steetz 

—  P.  flaveseens 

Steiger 

(1894).  P.  longispieum 

Steindachner 

67.  P.  Henslovii 
Stevens  (see  Britton) 

—  P.  flavescens 

4817  pp.  P.  racemosum 

4818,  4819,  4828,  4887,  5210,  5211. 

P.  tetrapterum 
5212,  5825b,  5826-9,  5907-8,  5935. 

P.  antillarum 
5825,  5825a,  5899,  5931.  P.  chryso- 

carpum 
5825c.  P.  Helleri 

-  &  Hess 

4563,  4988.  P.  antillarum 

4548,  4561.  P.  trinervium 

4888.  P.  piperoides 
Stocking 

—  P.  flavescens 

Stokes 

(1895).  P.  Libocedri 
(1895).  P.  longispieum 
(1895).  P.  villosum 

Stuckert 

11778.  P.  pruinosum 

11778,  13337,  14526,  20248.  P.  Me- 

liae 

13363.  P.  Hieronymi 
13363,  18606,  20256.  P.  Balansae 
14569,  16437.  P.  Liga 
20252.  P.  argentinum 

Stuebel 

165.  P.  avenium 

Stull — see  Savage 
Sumicrast 
341.  P.  commutatam 

Suringar 

—  P.  trinervium 


INDEX— COLLECTIONS 


209 


Tainturier 

—  P.  flavescens 
Tate 

129(198).  P.  supravenulosum 
Tatnall 

—  P.  flavescens 
Taylor  (see  Nash) 

28,  415.  P.  racemosum 
223,  338,  481,  497.  P.  antillarum 
328.  P.  hexastichum 
Thomas 

—  P.  coloradense 
Thornber  (see  Griffiths) 

14t.  P.  californicum 

100.  P.  Coryae 
Thurber 

(1851).  P.  juniperinum 

865.  P.  lanceolatum 
Tillotson 

8329.  P.  densum 
Tonduz  (see  Pittier) 

1393,  7884,  10110,  12215.  P.  gracil- 
ispicum 

1840,  7840  pp.,  13142.  P.  Heydea- 
num 

3900,  6638.  P.  ceibanum 

6863.  P.  crassifolium  v. 

11457.  P.  quinquenervium 

11458-9.  P.  piperoides 

7840  pp.,  12179.  P.  Tonduzii 

12749.  P.  supravenulosum 

13705.  P.  robustisgimum 
Torrey 

— •  P.  flavescens 
Tourney 

(1894),  14,  291.  P.  californicum 

(1894),  2,  288,  290.  P.  Coryae 

(1894,  1895),  10,  292.  P.  juniperi- 
num 

(1894),  33,  289.  P.  macrophyllum 

(1895).  P.  capitellatum 
Townsend 

(1899).  P.  Townsendi 
—  and  Barber 

164.  P.  juniperinum 


Tracy  (see  Baker;  Earle) 
—  &  Earle 

188.  P.  Engelmanni 
Trelease 

—  P.  flavescens 
(1892).  P.  densum 
(1892).  P.  villosum  v. 
(1897).  P.  Engelmanni  v. 
(1901).  P.  californicum  v. 
(1915).  P.  flavescens  v. 

362.  P.  Coryae  f. 

363.  P.  capitellatum 
Triana 

2777.  P.  turbinispicum 

2778.  P.  Trianae 
Trudeau 

—  P.  flavescens 
von  Tuerckheim 

435,  ii  2045.    P.  Rondeletiae 
2616.  P.  antillarum 
3284.  P.  hexastichum 
7661.  P.  stipiticarpum 
7967,  8574.  P.  supravenulosum 
8745.  P.  piperoides 
ii  2168.  P.  faleifolium 
Tweedie 

—  P.  falcifrons 
Tweedy 

596-8.  P.  juniperinum 
Tyler 

(1904).  P.  Engelmanni  v. 
Uhde 

1026-7.  P.  velutinum 

bit) 

850.  P.  piperoidec 
1791,  4598.  P.  crasifolium 
4800..  P.  piperoides  f. 
4938.  P.  linearifolium 
5251.  P.  laxiflorum 
6664.  P.  huallagense 
6681.  P.  Urbanianum 
6948.  P.  tunaeforme 
7243.  P.  Caesalpiniae 
Underwood  &  Earle 
1311.  P.  piperoides 


210 


THE  GENUS  PHOEADENDEON 


Underwood  &  Griggs 
211.  P.  antillaruia 
283.  P.  antillarum  v. 
554.  P.  trinervium 
671.  P.  chrysocarpum 

United  States — see  Boundary  Sur- 
vey; Wilkes  Exped. 

Van  Goes 

—  P.  trinervium 

Van  Hermann 

1448.  P.  antillarum 

4887.  P.  piperoides 
Varamel 

—  P.  mucronatum 

Vasey 

(1875,  1880).  P.  longispicum 
(1875).  P.  flavescens 
(1880).  P.  villosum 
(1881).  P.  ealifornicum  v. 
(1881).  P.  juniperinum 

Vasquez — see  Conzatti 

Vauthier 

—  P.  tunaeforme 
Ventenat  herbarium 

—  P.  trinervium 
Verleysen 

148*,  148**.  P.  Verleyseni 
Versteeg 

239.  P.  surinamense 
Viereck — see  Kehn 
Vreeland 

806.  P.  juniperinum 

807.  P.  Coryae 

808.  P.  Coekerellii 
Wagner 

(1858).  P.  corynarthron 
Walpole 

152,  380.  P.  villosum 

230,  418.  P.  densum 
Ward 

(1876).  P.  flavescens 


Ward — continued 

(1891).  P.  Engelmanni  v. 

(1912).  P.  maerotomum 

116.  P.  villosum 

360.  P.  juniperinum 
Warming! 

(1891-2).  P.  Lyoni 

—  P.  affine 

14,  381.  P.  ensifolium 

15,  369.  P.  bathyoryctum 
17,  384.  P.  tunaeforme 
373.  P.  crassifolium 

383.  P.  Warmingii 
Watt 

6219.  P.  flavens 

6221.  P.  Wattii 
Wawra 

420,  865.  P.  nervosum 

567.  P.  tamaulipense 

747.  P.  Wawrae 
Weberbauer 

1288.  P.  Lindaviamnn 

1860.  P.  crassifolium 

1903-4.  P.  Englerianum 

4251.  P.  Ernstianum 
Weddell 

(1858).  P.  amplexicaule 

(1858),  1594.  P.  Martianum 

378.  P.  piperoides 
Werner 

(1892).  P.  flavescens 
Wheeler  (see  Grant) 

(1872).  P.  ligatum 

(1872).  P.  Coryae 
Whited 

3179.  P.  ligatum 
Wied  Neuwied 

—  P.  crassifolium 
(1829).  P.  piperoides 
(1836).  P.  flavescens 

Wile  ox 

(1892).  P.  juniperinum 
(1892).  P.  maerophyUum 
(1893),  391,  458.  P.  Coryae 


tSee  notes  on  Liebmaim  and  Oersted. 


INDEX— OCCUERENCE 


211 


Wilkes  Expedition 
— •  P.  chrysocladcn 
—  P.  crassifolium 
1316.  P.  longispicum 
1567.  P.  densum 
1667,  1772.  P.  villosum 

Wilkinson 

(1885).  P.  Wilkinson! 

Williams 

178.  P.  Brittonianum 
255.  P.  piperoides 
428,  594.  P.  erassifolium 
581.  P.  boliviauum 

Wilson  (see  Britton) 
1748.  P.  antillarum 
7250,  7254,  7315,  7814,  7851,  7854. 

P.  trinervium 
7449,  7457,  7532,  7579.  P.  rubrum 

Wislizenus 
41.  P.  Cockerellii 

Wooton 

(1899,  1903),  127.  P.  Coryae 
(1900,  1909),   386,   2866.   P.   juni- 

perinum 
(1902,  1906).  P.  Cockerellii 

-  &  Standley 
(1906).  P.  Coryae 


Wright 

(1853-6).  P.  commutatum 

(1853-6).  P.  longispicum 

15.  P.  Cockerellii 

216  pp.,  217,  1251a.  P.  piperoidea 

216  pp.,  437,  1251.  P.  dichotomum 

438,  1252  pp.  P.  racemosum 

452,  1302.  P.  antillarum 

512,  1200b,  1300b.  P.  rubrum 

630,  1787.  P.  capitellatum 

632.  P.  Havardianum 

1252  pp.  P.  hexastichum 

1786.  P.  Coryae 

1788.  P.  juniperinum 

2650.  P.  Gundlachii 

— ,  Parry  &  Brummel 

458.  P.  anceps 

459.  P.  cerinocarpum 

460.  P.  hexastichum 

464.  P.  dichotomum 

465.  P.  piperoides 
467.  P.  antillarum 

Wuertemberg — see  Paul 

Wullschlaegel 
—  P.  ceibanum 
256-7  P.  trinervium 
991.  P.  piperoides 
1481.  P.  racemosum 


B.    OCCURRENCE 


NORTH  AMERICA 
United  States 
Alabama 

P.  flavescens 
Arizona 

P.  californicum 

—  distans 

—  nanum 
P.  Coryae 
P.  densum 

P.  juniperinum 

—  nanum 

P.  macrophyllum 
— •  circulare 

—  Jonesii 

P.  pauciflorum 


Arkansas 
P.  flavescens 

—  orbiculare 

California 
P.  californicum 

—  distans 

P.  eoloradense 
P.  densum 

—  Parishii 
P.  Libocedri 
P.  ligatum 

P.  longispieum 

—  cyclophyllum 
P.  pauciflorum 
P.  villosum 

—  rotundifolium 


212 


THE  GENUS  PHORADENDRON 


Colorado 
P.  juniperinum 

Delaware 
P.  flavescens 

District  of  Columbia 

P.  flavescens 
Florida 

P.  Eatoni 

P.  flavescens 

P.  macrotomum 
Illinois 

P.  flavescens 
Indiana 

P.  flavescens 
Kentucky 

P.  flavescens 
Louisiana 

P.  flaveseens 

—  orbiculare 
Maryland 

P.  flavescens 
Mississippi 

P.  flavescens 
Missouri 

P.  flavescens 
Nevada 

P.  californicum 

—  distans 
P.  Libocedri 
P.  ligatum 

New  Jersey 

P.  flavescens 
New  Mexico 

P.  capitellatum 

P.  Cockerellii 

P.  Coryae 

P.  juniperinum 

North  Carolina 
P.  flavescens 

Ohio 

P.  flavescens 
Oklahoma 

P.  flavescena 


Oregon 
P.  densum 
P.  Liboeedri 
P.  ligatum 
P.  villosum 

Pennsylvania 
P.  flavescens 

South  Carolina 
P.  flavescens 

Texas 

P.  Bolleanum 
P.  capitellatum 
P.  Cockerellii 
P.  Engelmanni 

—  Claviger 
P.  flavescens 

—  orbiculare 

P.  Havardianum 
Utah 

P.  californicum 

P.  juniperinum 
Virginia 

P.  flavescens 
West  Virginia 

P.  flavescens 
Mexico 

Lower  California 

P.  aureum 

P.  brachyphyllum 

P.  californicum 

—  distans 
P.  Diguetii 
P.  Eduardi 

P.  peninsulare 
P.  saccatum 
P.  tumidum 
P.  villosum 

Yucatan 
P.  Gaumeri 
P.  vernicosum 
P.  yucatanum 

Mainland 

P.  amplifolium 
P.  Bolleanum 


INDEX— OCCURRENCE 


213 


Mexico,  Mainland — continued 
P.  brachystachyum 
P.  brevifolium 
P.  californicum 
— •  distans 
P.  calyculatum 
— •  filipea 

—  Gonzalezii 

—  occidentale 
P.  capitellatum 
P.  carneum 

P.  Cockerellii 
P.  colipense 
P.  commutatum 
P.  Conzattii 

—  tecomatlanum 
P.  densum 

P.  Engelmanni 
P.  falcatum 
P.  Forestierae 
P.  Galeottii 
P.  globuliferum 
P.  Greggii 
P.  Guazumae 
P.  juniperinum 
P.  lanatum 
P.  lanceolatum 
P.  ligatum 
P.  longifolium 
P.  macrophyllum 
P.  mazatlanum 
P.  minutifolium 
P.  nervosum 
P.  Oliverianum 
P.  pachyarthron 
P.  Palmeri 
P.  piperoides 
— •  hexastichum 
P.  Pringlei 
P.  puberulum 

—  chihuahuense 
P.  Purpusi 

P.  Reichenbachianum 
P.  Robinsonii 
P.  saltillense 
P.  scaberrimum 
P.  Schumanni 


Mexico,  Mainland — continued 
P.  tamaulipense 
P.  tequilense 
P.  thyrsoideum 
P.  tlacolulense 
P.  tomentosum 
P.  velutinum 
P.  villosum 
P.  Wawrae 
P.  Wilkinsoni 

Central  America 

Belize  (British  Honduras) 

P.  crassifolium  Pittieri 

P.  piperoides 
Costa  Rica 

P.  annulatum 

P.  ceibanum 

P.  crassif olium  Pittieri 

P.  Cooperi 

P.  crispum 

P.  gracilispicum 

P.  Heydeanum 

P.  piperoides 

P.  quinquenervium 

P.  Rensoni 

P.  robustissimum 

—  simulans 

P.  supra  trenulosum 

P.  Tonduzii 
Guatemala 

P.  annulatum 

P.  cheirocarpum 

P.  falcifolium 

P.  Heydeanum 

P.  multiflorum 

P.  piperoides 

P.  robustissimum  simulana 

P.  Rondeletiae 

P.  supravenulosum 

P.  uspantanum 

P.  velutinum 

P.  vulcanicum 

P.  zacapanum 
Honduras  (see  Belize) 

P.  commutatum 

P.  decussatum 


214 


THE  GENUS  PHORADENDKON 


Nicaragua 
P.  ceibanum 
P.  commutatum 
P.  piperoides 

P.  robustissimum  simulans 

P.  supravenulosum 
Panama 

P.  corynarthron 

P.  graeilispieum 

P.  venezuelense 

P.  piperoides 
Salvador 

P.  Bensoni 

P.  robustissimum  simulans 
SOUTH  AMERICA 
Argentina 

P.  argentinum 

P.  Hieronymi 

P.  Liga 

P.  Meliae 

P.  piperoides 

P.  pruinosum 

P.  tucumanense 
Bolivia 

P.  angustifolium 

P.  bathyoryctum 

P.  bolivianum 

P.  Brittonianum 

P.  crassifolium 

P.  Kuntzei 

P.  Liga 

P.  Mandonii 

P.  Meliae 

P.  semiteres 

P.  undulatum 
Brazil 

P.  aeinaeifolium 

P.  affine 

P.  amplexicaule 

P.  bathyoryctum 

P.  Caesalpiniae 

P.  campinense 

P.  caripense 

P.  cearense 

—  minor 

P.  chrysocladon 


Brazil — continued 
P.  congestum 
P.  coriaceum 

—  quintense 

P.  craspedophylloides 
P.  craspedophyllum 
P.  crassifolium 

—  multiflorum 

—  parvif  olium 
P.  Crulsii 

P.  dipterum 
P.  emarginatum 
P.  ensifolium 
P.  fragile 
P.  Gardnerianum 
P.  Glaziovii 
P.  habrostachyum 
P.  holaxanthum 

—  corallispicum 

P.  lanceolato-elliptieum 
P.  laxiflorum 
P.  linearifolium 
P.  macrarthrum 
P.  Martianum 
P.  microphyllum 
P.  minor 

P.  multifoveolatum 
P.  nitidum 
P.  pellueidulum 
P.  piauhyanum 
P.  piperoides 
— •  compositum 
P.  platyeaulon 
P.  productipes 
P.  pteroneuron 
P.  Selloi 
P.  stenophyllum 
P.  strongyloelados 
P.  tunaeforme 
P.  ulophyllum 
P.  undulatum 
P.  Warmingii 
P.  Wiesnerianura 
Cayenne  (French  Guiana) 
P.  Perrottetii 
P.  piperoides 


INDEX— OCCURRENCE 


215 


Cayenne — continued 

P.  platycaulon 

P.  racemosum 
Colombia 

P.   avenium 

P.  Briquetianum 

P.  Degenianum 

P.  exiguum 

P.  gracilispicum 

P.  Herbert-Smithii 

P.  Holtonia 

P.  Lindeni 

P.  piperoidea 

P.  quadrangulare 

P.  sanctae-martae 

P.  Trianae 

P.  turbinispicum 

P.  venezuelense 
Demerara  (British  Guiana) 

P.  apertum 

P.  Appuni 

P.  carinatum 

P.  crassifolium 

P.  demerarae 

P.  essequibenae 

P.  Jenmani 

P.  obtusissimum 

P.  Perrottetii 

P.  piperoidea 

P.  raeemoaum 
Ecuador 

P.  amplectena 

P.  Eggersii 

P.  membranaceum 

P.  obliquum 

P.  parietarioidea 

P.  piperoides 

P.  quadrangulare 

P.  trisulcatum 

P.  Verleyseni 

—  chimboenae 

—  Fraaeri 

P.  viscifolium 


Guiana 

British — see  Demerara 
Dutch — see  Surinam 
French — see  Cayenne 

Paraguay 

P.  aeinacifolium 
P.  Balansae 

—  Hasaleri 

—  Morongi 

P.  Casimiranum 

P.  hypericifolium 

P.  Liga 

P.  Meliae 

P.  obovatifolium 

P.  piperoides 

P.  reductum 
Peru 

P.  anguatifolium 

P.  Englerianum 

P.  Ernstianum 

P.  huallagense 

P.  Lindavianum 

P.  Mathewai 

P.  obliquum 

P.  peruvianum 

P.  aemiteres 

P.  Urbanianum 
Surinam  (Dutch  Guiana)* 

P.  dimidiatum 

P.  obtusissimum 

P.  piperoidea 

P.  raeemoaum 

P.  surinamense 
Uruguay 

P.  falcifrons 
Venezuela 

P.  bilineatum 

P.  caracasanum 

P.  cuneifolium 

P.  cymosum 

P.  Fendlerianum 

P.  graciliapicum 

P.  granaticolum 


*A  specimen  apparently  of  Viscum  album  (Splitgcrber,  836,  Apr.  13,  1838) 
occurs  as  sheet  no.  600670  of  the  Leiden  herbarium  ' '  Ad  ramos  arborum  varium  in 
sylvis  Surinami  prope  flum.  Saramaccam.  Planta  tota  flavescenti,  fructibus 
luteis. ' ' 


216 


THE  GENUS  PHOBADENDEON 


Venezuela — continued 
P.  Johnston! 
P.  Knoopii 
P.  longipetiolatum 
P.  Lyoni 
P.  Ottonia 
P.  ovalifolium 
P.  pachyphyllum 
P.  paradoxum 
P.  piperoides 
P.  polygynum 
P.  racemosuiii 
P.  rigidum 
P.  tovarense 
P.  tubulosum 
P.  venezuelense 
WEST  INDIES 
Aeklin 

P.  trinervium 
Andros 

P.  Northropiae 
P.  raeemosum 
Antigua 

P.  antillarum 
P.  trinervium 
Cat 

P.  rubrum 
Crooked 

P.  rubrum 
Cuba 

P.  antillarum 
—  orientale 
P.  dichotomum 
P.  Gundlachii 
P.  hexastichum 
P.  piperoidea 
P.  raeemosum 
P.  rubrum 
Dominica 

P.  chrysoearpum 
P.  flavens  australe 
P.  Herminieri 
P.  piperoides 
P.  trinervium 
Fortune 
P.  rubrum 


Great  Eagged 

P.  trinervium 
Grenada 

P.  hexastichum 

— •  angustifolium 

P.  piperoides 
Guadeloupe 

P.  chrysoearpum 

P.  Dussii 

P.  Herminieri 

P.  hexastichum 

P.  martinicense 

P.  mueronatum 

P.  piperoides 

P.  trinervium 
Haiti  (see  Sto.  Domingo) 

P.  antillarum 

P.  dichotomum 

P.  haitense 

P.  hexastichum 

P.  mueronatum 

P.  piperoides 

P.  raeemosum 
Inagua 

P.  rubrum 
Jamaica 

P.  Campbellii 

P.  crenulatum 

P.  domingense 

P.  Fici 

P.  flavens 

P.  gracile 

—  Ballii 

P.  Grisebachianum 
P.  piperoides 
P.  tetrapterum 
P.  Wattii 

—  productum 
Long 

P.  rubrum 
Martinique 

P.  chrysocarpum 
P.  hexastichum 
P.  martinicense 
P.  mueronatum 
P.  piparoides 


INDEX— SPECIES  EXCLUDED 


217 


Martinique — continued 

P.  tetrapterum 

P.  trinervium 
Montserrat 

P.  trinervium 
Mustique 

P.  trinervium 
Puerto  Eieo 

P.  ancepsf 

P.  antillarum 

P.  chrysocarpum 

P.  Helleri 

P.  hexastichum 

P.  racemosum 

P.  tetrapterum 

P.  trinervium 
Saba 

P.  trinervium 
S.  Barthelemy 

P.  trinervium 
S.  Croix 

P.  chrysocarpum 
S.  Domingo  (see  Haiti) 

P.  aneeps 

P.  antillarum 

P.  cerinocarpum 

P.  diehotomum 

—  ovatifolium 

P.  Helleri  sanguineum 

P.  hexastichum 

P.  mucronatum 

P.  piperoides 

P.  racemosum 

C.    SPECIES 

Phoradendron  aequatoris  Urban 
Dendrophthora  aequatoris  n.  nom. 

P.  arcuatum  Wright 
Dendrophthora  arcuata 

P.  auriculatum 

P.  buxifolinm  Grisebach 
Dendrophthora  buxifolia 

P.  buxifolium  rotundatum  Grisebach 
D.  buxifolia  rotundata 

P.  chrysostachyum  Eichler 
Dendrophthora  chrysostachya 


S.  Eustatius 
P.  trinervium 

S.  Thomas 

P.  ehrysocarpum 
P.  trinervium 

S.  Vincent 

P.  chrysocarpum 
P.  flavens  australe 
P.  hexastichum 
P.  piperoides 
P.  trinervium 

Tobago 

P.  piperoidea 

Trinidad 

P.  flavens  aust.ale 
P.  Hartii 
P.  martinicense 
P.  piperoid«s 
P.  trinervium 
P.  venezuelense 

Watling 
P.  rubrum 
P.  trinervium 

PACIFIC  ISLANDS 
Galapagos  Isl. 

P.  galapageium 

P.  Henslovii 

P.  uncinatum 
Guadalupe  Isl. 

P.  guadalupense 
Eevillagigedo  Isl 

P.  Townsendi 


P.  clavatum  Eichler 

Dendrophthora  clavata 
P.  clavatum  Kirk 

"Viscum  clavatum" 
P.  constrictum  Grisebach 

Dendrophthora  constricta 
P.  cordifolium  Eichler 

Oryctanthes  cordifolia 
P.  crassuloides  Eichler 

Dendrophthora  crassuloides 
P.  ellipticum  Eichler 

Dendrophthora  elliptica 


218 


THE  GENUS  PHOEADENDEON 


Phoradendron — continued 
P.  globuliflorum  Eichler 

Dendrophthora  chrysostachya 

P.  inaequidentatum  Eusby 
Dendrophthora    inaequidentata    n. 
nom. 

P.  leptostachyum  Index  Kewensis 
Dendrophthora  flagelliformis 

P.  leucocarpum  Patsehofsky 

Dendrophthora   leucocarpa   n.   nom. 

P.  ligustrinum  Eichler 

Oryctanthes   ligustrina   n.   nom. 

P.  linifolium  Eichler 

P.  macrostachyum  Grisebach 
Dendrophthora   flagelliformis 
D.  macrostachya 

P.  macrostachyum    f.    parvifolia 

Grisebach 
Dendrophthora   serpyllifolia 

P.  mesembryanthemifolium  Grisebach 
Dendrophthora    mesembryanthemi- 
folia 


P.  myrtilloides  Grisebach 
Dendrophthora  elliptica 
D.  myrtilloides 


Allobium   (19) 
Baratostachys   (19) 
Castrea  falcata  (6) 

Dendrophthora  aequatoris  217 
arcuata  217 
biserrula  218 
buxifolia  217 
—  rotundata  217 
chrysostachya  217,  218 
clavata  217 
constricta  217,  218 
crassuloides  217 
eupressoides  218 
elliptica  217,  218 


Phoradendron — continued 
P.  paucifolium  Eusby 
P.  Pearcei  Eusby 
P.  roraimae  Oliver 

Dendrophthora  roraimae  n.  nom. 
P.  Busbyi  Britton 

Dendrophthora  Eusbyi  n.  nom. 
P.  serpyllifolium  Grisebach 

Dendrophthora  serpyllifolia 
P.  serpyllifolium  aphyllum  Gray 

Dendrophthora  eupressoides 
P.  sessilifolium  Grisebach 

Dendrophthora  sessilifolia 
P.  squamigerum  Eichler 

Dendrophthora  squamigera 
P.  squamigerum  Oliver 

Dendrophthora  biserrula 
P.  subtrinerve  Eusby 

Deudrophthora  subtrinervis  n.  nom. 
P.  tafallaeoides  Eusby 
P.  testifolium  Wright 

Dendrophthora  constricta 
P.  tetrastachyum  Grisebach 

Dendrophthora  grandifolia 
P.  torulosum  Eichler 


D.    NAMES* 
(Synonyms  in   parenthesis) 

Dendrophthora — continued 
flagelliformis  218 
grandifolia  218 
inaequidentata  218 
leucocarpa  218 
macrostachya  218 
mesembryanthemifolia  218 
myrtilloides  218 
roraimae  218 
Eusbyi  218 
serpyllifolia  218 
sessilifolia  218 
squamigera  218 
subtrinerve  218 


"The  number  after  a  name,  followed  by  a  colon,  is  that  of  its  group  of  species. 


INDEX— NAMES 


219 


Dendropemon  domingensis    (102) 
Loranthus  angustifolius   (65) 

domingensis  (102) 

piperoides   (146,  184) 

quadrangularis  (108,  178) 

sessilis  (104) 

torulosus    (146,  184) 

viscifolius   (109,  178) 

Oryctanthes  cordifolia  217 
ligustrina  218 

Phoradendron    acinacifolium    25:    12, 

91,  92,  175 

aequatoris=Dendrophthora 
affine  31:  9,  108,  113,  179 
amplectens  16:   70,  75,  172 
amplexicaule  16:   9,  70,  74,  172 
amplifolium  9:   58,  59,  170 
anceps  28:   97,  98,  176 
angustifolium  13:  65,  170 
annulatum  9:  58,  169 
antillarum  31:  14,  (107),  108,  111, 

178 

-  longum  112,  178 

-  orientate  112,  178 
apertum  30:  102,  104,  177 
Appuni  30:   102,  104,  177 
arcuatum— Dendrophthora 
argentinum  33:  56,  120,  121,  180 
auriculatum=:  ? 

aureum  4:  45,  49,  168 
avenium  42:   131,  133,  182 
Balansae  42:   131,  132,  182 

—  Hassleri  132,  182 

—  Morongi  132,  182 
bathyoryctum  23:  87,  88,  174 
Berterianum   (158,   186) 
bilineatum  20:  83,  84,  174 
Biolleyi   (146) 

bolivianum  46:   137,  138,  183 
Bolleanum  2:   14,  25,  26,  166 
brachyphyllum  4:  45,  49,  168 
brachystaehyum  4:  45,  47,  168 
brevifolium  17:   76,  172 
Briquetianum  21:  85,  86,  174 
Brittonianum  46:  10,  137,  139,  183 
buxifoliumzr:Dendrophthora 


Phoradendron — continued 

Caesalpiniae  52:   148,  150,  185 
californicum  1:    7,   11,  12,   14,  20, 
165 

—  argenteum  21 

—  distana  21,   165 

—  nanum  21,  165 
calyculatum  8:   7,  54,  169 

—  filipes  54,  169 

—  Gonzalezi  54,  169 
— •  occidentale  54 
Campbellii  27:  95,  96,  175 
campinense  55 :  158,  160,  186 
capitellatum  2:  25,  165 
caracasanum  32:  116,  120,  180 
carinatum  46:   137,  139,  183 
caripense  19:   79,  80,  173 
carneum  9:  8,  58,  60,  170 
Casimiranum  16:  70,  71,  171 
cayennense   (137) 

cearense  32:   116,  119,  180 

—  minor  120,  180 
ceibanum  31:  108,  110,  178 
cerinocarpum  46:   137,  139,  183 
cheirocarpum  26:  93,  94,  175 
chrysocarpum  28:  12,  97,  98,  176 
chrysocladon  53:  9,  151,  152,  185 
chrysostachyumr=Dendrophthora 
clavatum^rDendrophthora 
Cockerellii  3 :  30,  38,  164,  167 
colipense  3:  30,  37,  167 
coloradense  3:  30,  39,  167 
commutatum  30:  12,  103,  106,  177 
congestum  19:  79,  80,  173 
constrietum=:Dendrophtliora 
Conzattii  11:  61,  63,  170 

—  nochixtlanense  64,  170 

—  tecomatlanum  64,  170 
Cooperi  14:  56,  66,  67,  171 
cordifolium=Oryctanthes 
coriaceum  19:  79,  81,  173 

—  quintense  82,  173 

Coryae  3 :  30,  43,  164,  165,  168 
corynarthron  14:   66,  171 
craspedophylloides  25 :  91,  92,  175 
craspedophyllum  24:  13,  89,  91,  143, 
175 


220 


THE  GENUS  PHOKADENDKON 


Phoradendrou — continued 
crassifolium  50:  13,  144,  183 

-  multiflorum  145,  184 

—  parvifolium  145 

-  Pittieri  145,  184 
erassuloides=:Dendrophthora 
crenulatum    28:   97,   101,   176 
crispum  17:   76,  77,  172 
Crulsii  16:   70,  74,  172 
cuneifolium  32:  10,  116,  119,  180 
cymosum  55:  8,  10,  158,  159,   186 
decussatum  26:  93,  94,  175 
Degenianum  32:   116,   119,  180 
demerarae  16:  70,  73,  172 
densum  2:   7,  25,  27,  166 

—  Parishii  28,  166 
dichotomum  55:  158,  186 

—  ovatifolium  159,  186 
Diguetii  4:   45,  49,  168 
dimidiatum  23:  87,  174 
dipterum  16:   8,  70,  71,  171 
domingense  29:   11,  102,  177 
Dussii  28:   97,  100,  176 
Eatoni  3:   13,  30,  33,  34,  166 
Eduardi  4:  45,  46,  168 

Eggersii  39:     8,    9,   12,    128,    143, 

156,  183 

ellipticum=Dendrophthora 
emarginatum   32:     10,   12,  56,   116, 

179 

—  minor  (117) 

Engelmanni  3:    5,  30,  35,  164,  166, 
167 

-  Claviger  35,  164,  167 
Englerianum  42:   131,   133,   182 
ensifolium  35:     124,   180 
Ernstianum  33:    120,  121,  180 
essequibense  52:    148,  149,  184 
exigmim  19:    79,  81,  173 
falcatum   12:     (8,   10,  54)    64,  65, 

170 

faleifolium  18:    77,  79,  172,  181 
falcifrons  37:    126 
Fendlerianum  49:   142,  143,  183 
Fici  27:   9,  95,  175 
flavens  53:     8,   9,    13,   151,    (152), 

154,  185 


Phoradendron — continued 

—  australe  155 

flavescens  3:  (35,  47,  101),  3,  9, 
10,  11,  12,  14,  15,  16,  29,  30, 
164,  166 

—  glabriusculum    (30) 

—  macrophyllum   (37,  38) 

-  orbiculatum  33,  164,  166 

—  pubescens  (35,  37) 

—  quinquenervium    (40,   167) 

—  tomentosum   (36) 

—  villosum    (40) 
flavum    (33,  152) 
florianum    (160) 
Forestierae  10:  60,   61,   170 
fossile  15 

fragile  47:  9,  13,  140,  141,  183 
galapageium  55:   158,  159,  186 
Galeottii  4:    45,  46,  168 
Gardnerianum  52:   148,  184 
Gaumeri  31:    108,  114,  179 
Giordanae  (158,  186) 
glandulosum    (137) 
Glaziovii  16:   70,  74,  143,  172 
globuliferum  4:  45,  48,  168 
globuliflorum=Dendrophthora 
gracile  31:   56,  108,  112,  179 

—  Ballii  113,  179 
gracilispicum  41:   130,   181 
granaticolum   15:   68,   70,  171 
Greggii  3 :   30,  36,  167 
Grisebachianum  27:   12,  95,  96,  176 
guadalupense  2:  25,  29,  166 
Guazumae  30:   103,  104,  177 
Gundlaehii  28:   97,  101,  176 
habrostachyum  19:   79,  82,  173 
Hahnii   (51) 

haitense  28:  97,  99,  176 
Hartii  28:   97,  98,  176 
Havardianum  3:    30,  44,  168 
Helleri  28:   97,  100,  176 
—  sanguineum  100,  176 
Henslovii  55:   158,  159,  186 
Herbert-Smithii  19:   79,  80,  173 
Herminieri  41:    130,  131,  181 
hexastichum     45:     11,     135,     (136, 
138),   182 


INDEX— NAMES 


221 


Phoradendron — continued 

-  angustifolium  136,  182 

-  latifolium    (137) 

-  longispicum   (138,  183) 
Heydeanum  44:   135,  182 
Hieronymi  34:   122,   123,   180 
holoxanthum  24:   89,  175 

—  corallispicum  90,  175 
Holtonis  55:   158,   161,  186 
huallagense  54:   156,  157,  186 
hypericif  olium  16:   70,  72,  171 
inaequidentatumrrDendrophthora 
Jenmani  20:   83,  85,  143,  156,  174 
Johnston!  52 :   148,  149,  185 
juniperinum  1:   7,  12,  13,  20,  22,  24, 

164,  165 

—  Libocedri  (23) 

—  nanum  23,  165 
Knoopii  53:   151,  152,  185 
Kuntzei  38:   14,  127,  181 
lanatum  4:  45,  168 
lanceolato-ellipticum    35:     57,    124, 

125,  181 

lanceolatum  12:  64,  170 
latifolium  (5,  9,  15,  131,  146) 
laurifolium   (146) 
laxiflorum  54:   11,  56,  143,  156,  157, 

186 

leptostachyum^zDendrophthora 
leucocarpum=rDendrophthora 
Libocedri  1:   7,  10,  20,  23,  164,  165 
Liga  34:   122,  180 
ligatum  1:  24,  164,  165 
ligustrinum— Oryctanthes 
Lindavianum  53:11,  151,  155,  186 
Lindeni  55:   158,  161,  186 
linearifolium  35:   124,  143,  180 
linifolium=? 

longifolium  7:   52,  53,  169 
longipetiolatum  20:    143,  174 
longispicum  3 :  30,  39,  167 

—  cyclophyllum  40 
Lyoni  32 :   116,  179 
macrarthron   (125) 
macrarthrum  36:   125,  181 
macrophyllum  3:    7,   30,   37,    (38), 

164,  165,  167 


Phorademlvon — continued 

—  circulate  38,  167 

—  Jonesii  38 

macrostachyum— Dendrophthora 
macrotomum  3 :   10,  30,  34,  164,  166 
Mandonii  42:   131,  132,  182 
Martianum  31 :   108,  114,  179 
martinicense  50:  (97),  144,  145,  184 
Mathewsi  42 :   131,  133,  182 
mazatlanum  4:  45,  47,  168 
Meliae  33:  120,  121,  180 
membranaceum  53 :   151,  153,  185 
mesembryanthemifolium=Den- 

drophthora 

microphyllum  31:   108,  113,  179 
minor  32:   116,  117,  179 
minutif  olium  2 :   13,  25,  165 
mucronatum  32:   116,  118,  179 
multiflorum  9:  58,  59,  169 
multifoveolatum  16:   70,  71,  171 
myrtilloides=Dendrophthora 
nervosum  11:  61,  63,  165,  170 
nitidum  24:   89,  90,  175 
Northropiae  40 :   129,  156,  181 
obliquum  22:   86,  143,  156,  174 
oblongif olium  (103) 
obovatifolium  32 :    116,  117,  179 
obtusissimum  25:   91,  92,  175 
Oliverian,um  45 :   135,  136,  182 
orbiculatum  (34) 
Ottonis  32:   116,  118,  180 
ovalif olium  20:  83,  173 
pachyarthron  11:  61,  62,  170 
pachyphyllum  53 :   151,  185 
Palmeri  4:   12,  45,  46,  168 
paradoxum  49:  8,  13,  142,  183 
parietarioides  13:  65,  66,  171 
pauciflorum  2 :  25,  28,  166 
paucifoliumrz? 
Pearcei=:  ? 

pellucidulum  24:  89,  175 
peninsulare  4:   45,  50,  169 
pennivenium  (137) 
pepericarpum  (144,  183) 
Perrottetii  23 :  87,  88,  174 

—  parvifolia  (88) 
peruvianum  42:  8,  9,  131,  182 


222 


THE  GENUS  PHORADENDRON 


Phoradendron — continued 

piauhyanum  31:  108,  110,  178 
piperoides  51:  17,  145,  184 

—  compositum  148 

—  hexastichum  148 
platycaulon  52:  8,  148,  150,  185 
polygynum  21:   10,  85,  128,  174 
Pringlei  10 :  60,  170 
productipes  46 :  137,  138,  183 
pruinosum  34:   122,  180 
pteroneuron  46 :   137,  140,  183 
puberulum  3 :   30,  42,  168 

—  chihuahuense  43,  168 
Purpusi  11:  61,  62,  170 
quadrangulare  31:     (106,  111),  15, 

108,  178 

—  avenium   (133) 
quinquenervium  53:     151,   153,   185 
racemosum  46:    8,  9,  136,  143,  156, 

182 

reductum  25:  91,  93,  175 
Reichenbachianum    18:      (63),    77, 

78,  172 

Rensoni  30:  103,  105,  177 
reticulatum   (185) 
rigidum  20:   83,  84,  174 
Robinsonii  5:   12,  51,  169 
— Hindsi  51,  169 
robustissimum  18:   9,  77,  78,  173 

—  simulans  78,  173 
Rondeletiae  17:   76,  172 
roraimae=Dendrophthora 
rubrum  30:    (106,  111,  114),  8,  12, 

13,  15,  103,  107,  178 
— •  brevispieum   (103) 

—  latifolium    (103) 
-  longifolium  (80) 

—  longispieum   (110) 

—  mierophyllum    (113) 
rugulosum  (182) 
Rusbyi=Dendrophthora 
saccatum  4:  45,  50,  169 
salicifolium    (108) 
saltillense  2:  25,  27,  165 
sanctae-martae  30:  103,  105,  177 
scaberrimum  7:  52,  169 
Schottii  (146) 


Phoradendron — continued 
Schumanni  11:  61,  62,  170 
Selloi  24:  89,  90,  175 
semiteres  15:  68,  69,  171 
serpyllifolium=Dendrophthora 
sessilifolium=Dendrophthora 
spathulifolium   (178) 
squamigerum^zDendrophthora 
stenophyUum  19:   79,  81,  173 
strongyloclados  52:    148,  149,  185 
subtrinerve— Dendrophthora 
supravenulosum  53:   151,  154,  185 
surinamense  52:   148,  150,  185 
taf  allaeoides=;  ? 

tamaulipense  21:   108,  115,  179 
tequilense  2:  25,  26,  166 
tereticaule  (146) 
testifolium— Dendrophthora 
tetrapterum  16:  8,  70,  72,  172 
tetrastachynm^rDendrophthora 

—  spathulifolium    (107,  178) 
tetrastiehus  (107) 
thyrsoideum  3:  30,  36,  167 
thacolulense  4:  45,  48,  168 
tomentosum  3:   30,  42,    (51),  167 
Tonduzii  14:   66,  67,  171 
torulosum=z? 

tovarense  16:  70,  73,  172 
Townsendi  31:   56,   108,   112,   179 
Trianae  15:  68,  171 
trinervium  30:   8,  11,  12,  102,  103, 

(105),  177 

trisulcatum  53:   151,  155,  185 
tubulosum  15:  68,  171 
tucumanense  38:   127,  181 
tumidum  4:  45,  49,  168 
tunaeforme  48:   13,   141,  183 
turbinispicum  16:   70,  75,  172 
ulophyllum  19:   79,  82,  173 
uncinatum  55:  158,  160,  186 
undulatum  41:  9,  130,  181 
Urbanianum  53:   151,   155,  185 
uspantanum  7:   52,  53,  169 
velutinum  6:  51,  169 
venezuelense,  31:    106,  108,  111,  178 
Verleyseni  15:  68,  69,  171 

—  chimboense  69,  171 


INDEX— NAMES 


223 


Phorademlron — continued 

—  Fraseri  69 

vernicosum  26:   8,  93,  95,  175 
villosum    3:     10,    12,    30,    40,    164, 

165,   167 

-  rotundifolium  42,  167 
viscifolium   31:   108,   109,   178 
vulcanicum  17:   76,  77,  172 
Warmingii  43:   134,  182 
Wattii  28:   10,  97,  99,  143,  176 

—  productum  100,  176 
Wawrae  26:  93,  94,  175 
Wiesnerianum  31:   108,   109,   178 
Wilkinson!  3:   30,  44,  168 
yucatanum  32:   116,  118,  180 
zacapanum  31:   108,  115,  179 
Zuloagae  30:    103,  105,  165,  177 

Phoradendrum  anceps  (98) 
annulatum    (58) 
argenteum   (121) 
bilineateum    (84) 
Campbellii  (96) 
caracasanum   (120) 
carneum   (60) 
chrysocarpum  (97) 

—  Dussii   (100) 
coriaceum  quintense  (82) 
crassifolium   (144) 
crenulatum   (101) 
Crulsii  (74) 
cuneifolium  (119) 
cymosum  (159) 
dichotomum   (158) 
dimidiatum   (87) 
Eggersii  (128) 

Fici    (95) 
Havens  (154) 
Gardnerianum   (148) 
Glaziovii    (74) 
Grisebachianum  (96) 
Gundlachii  (101) 
hai  tense   (99) 
Hartii  (98) 
hexastichum  (135,  136) 

—  angustifolium   (136) 
Kuntzei  (127) 
latifolium    (146) 


Phoradendrum — continued 

—  hexastichum   (148) 
Liga   (122) 
longipetiolatum   (84) 
mucronatum  (118) 
obliquum   (86) 
obtusissimum   (92) 
ovalifolium   (83) 
pachyarthron   (62) 
paradoxum   (142) 
pruinosum    (122) 
quadrangulare   (108) 

—  gracile    (112) 
racemosum   (137) 
reticulatum    (152) 
rigidum   (84) 
rubrum   (111) 
rugulosum   (134) 
spathulifolium   (107) 
tetrapterum   (72) 
tlacolulense  (48) 
tovarense   (73) 
trinervium  (103) 

— -  domingense    (102) 

tubulosum    (68) 

tueumanense  (127) 

undulatum   (130,  131) 

Wattii  (99) 

Phthirusa  domingensis  (102) 
Spiciviscum  polygnum    (85,  174) 
Viscum  affine   (113,  179) 

album  (33)  215 

aneeps  (98,  176) 

angustifolium    (65,   111) 

articulatum    (141,    183) 

Berterianum   (158,  186) 

Bolleanum  (26) 

brachystachyum  (47,  168) 

clavatum   (217) 

cornifolium   (146,  148,  184) 

crassifolium  (144,  183) 

dichotomum   (158,  186) 

dimidiatum   (87,  174) 

egense    (145) 

ellipticum  (146,  184) 

ensifolium   (124,  180) 

falcatum  (8,  10,  54,  65,  169) 


224 


THE  GENUS  PHORADENDRON 


Viscum — continued 
falcifrons  (126,  181) 
flavens   (33,  154) 
flavescens  (30,  32) 
florianum   (160) 
Fockeanum  (146) 
galapageium   (159,  186) 
glandulosum   (137,  182) 
Henslovii    (159,   186) 
hexastichum    (135,  182) 
interruptum   (125,  181) 
jamaicense  (103) 
Kunthianum    (109) 
lanceolato-ellipticum    (125,   181) 
latifolium  (137,  145) 
laurifolium    (146,  184) 
leucarpum   (30,  33) 
leucocarpum  (30) 
Liga  (122,  180) 
longifolium    (53) 
macrophyllum    (137,    154,    182) 
martinicense   (145,  184) 
microphyllum    (113,  179) 
mimosearum   (42) 
mucronatum   (118) 
myrtilloides  (103,  136,  177) 
nitidum    (90,  175) 
obliquum   (86,  174) 
oblongifolium     (31,    33,    103,    104, 
177) 


Viscum — continued 
obtusissimum    (92,   175) 
ochroleucum   (30,  32) 
pennivenium   (137) 
Perrottetii   (88,  174) 
piperoides    (146) 
purpureum   (33,  166) 
quadrangulare  ( 108 ) 
racemosum   (137) 
Reichenbachianum   (25,  78) 
rubrum   (107,  178) 
rugosum   (31,  32) 
salicifolium    (108,   178) 
saururoides   (146,  184) 
Schiedeanum    (65) 
Schottii  (146,  184) 
serotinum   (30,  32,  33,  166) 
stenophyllnm   (65) 
tetragonum  (103) 
tereticaule    (146) 
-  cubense  (146,  184) 
teretifolium   (146) 
tomentosum    (42) 
trigonum   (103) 
trinervium    (103,    177) 
tunaeforme   (141,  183) 
undulatum   (130,  181) 
velutinum    (51,   169) 
verticillatum   (31) 
villosum    (40) 


TRELEASE,  PHORADEXDROX 


PLATE  1 


PHORADEXDROX  VILLOSUM 


TEELEA8E,  PHOBADENDBON 


PLATE  2 


PHORADENDBON  LIBOCEDRI 


PHORADENDROX  JUNIPERINUM 


TRELEASE,  PHORADENDROX 


PLATE  3 


PHORADEXDRON  LIGATUM  x  10 


TRELEASE,  PHORADENDRON 


PLATE  4 


PHORADEXDRON  JUNIPERINUM  x  5 


TRELEASE,  PHORADEXDRON 


PLATE  5 


STAMINATE  SPIKES— FLA VESCENTES  x  3 


PISTILLATE  SPIKES— FLA  VESCENTES  x  3 


TBELEASE,  PHORADEXDRON 


PLATE  6 


PHORADENDRON  LIBOCEDRI  x  10 


PHORADENDRON  VILLOSUM  x  10 


TIfKLEASE,  PHOEADENDEON 


PLATE  7 


PHORADEXDRON— SEPAL  NUMBERS  x  10 


TRELEASE,  PHORADENDRON 


PLATE  8 


PHORADENDRON  CALIFORNICUM  x  10 


PHORADENDRON  NERVOSUM  x  10 


TRELEASE,  PHORADENDRON 


PLATE  9 


PHORADENDRON— FRUITING  CALYX  x  10 


TRELEASE.  PHORADENDROX 


PLATE  10 


PHORADEXDROX— EXDOCABP  xlO 


TRELEASE,  PHORADENDRON 


PLATE  11 


PHORADENDROX  CALIFORNICUM 


THKI.KASK,  I'HOFfAf. 


IT.A'I 


PHORA OK.V ORO.V  CALIf O 


TRELEASE,  PHORADENDRON 


PLATE  13 


PHORADENDRON  CALIFORNICUM  DISTANS 


TRELEASE,  PHORADENDRON 


PLATE  14 


PHORADENDRON  JUNIPERINUM 


PHORADENDRON  JUNIPERINUM  NANUM 


TRELEASE,  PHORADEXDRON 


PLATE  15 


PHORADENDRON  LIBOCEDRI 


PHORADENDRON  LIGATUM 


TRELEASE,  PHORADENDRON 


PLATE  10 


PHORADENDRON  MINUTIFOLIUM 


PHORADENDRON  SALTILLENSE 


TRELEASE,  PHOBADENDBON 


PLATE  17 


PHORADEXDROX  CAPITELLATUM 


TEELEASE,  PHORADENDEON 


PLATE  18 


PHORADENDEON  TEQUILENSE 


TRELEASE,  PHORADENDRON 


PLATE  19 


PHORADENDRON  BOLLEANUM 


TRELEASE,  PHORADENDROX 


PLATE  20 


PHORADENDRON  DENSUM 


TEELEASE,  PHORADENDRON 


PLATE  21 


PHORADENDRON   DENSUM  PARISHII 


TRELEASE,  PHORADEXDBON 


PLATE  22 


PHORADENDRON  PAUCIFLORUM 


PHORADENDRON  GUADALUPENSE 


TRELEASE,  PHORADEXDROX 


PLATE 


PHORADENDROX  GUADALUPENSE 


TRELEASE,  PHORADENDRON 


PLATE  24 


PHORADENDRON  FLAVESCENS 


TRELEASE,  PHORADENDKOX 


PLATE  25 


PHORADENDRON  FLAVESCENS 


TRELEASE,  PHORADENDKON 


PLATE  20 


PHORADENDRON  FLAVESCENS  ORBICULATUM 


TRELEASE,  PHORADENDRON 


PLATE  27 


PHORADENDRON   MACROTOMUM 


TRELEASE,  PHOBADENDBON 


PLATE  28 


PHORADENDRON  EATONI 


TRKLEASE,  PHORADENDRON 


PLATE  29 


PHORADENDRON  ENGELMANNI 


TRELEASE,  PHORADEXDROX 


PLATE  30 


PHORADENDRON  ENGELMANNI 


TRELEASE,  PHORADENDRON 


PLATE  31 


PHORADENDRON  ENGELMANNI 


PHORADENDRON  ENGELMANNI  CLAVIGER 


TRELEASE,  PHOBADENDBON 


PLATE  32 


PHOBADENDBON  GBEGGII 


TRELEASE,  PHORADEXDRON 


PLATE  33 


PHORADEXDROX  COLIPEXSE 


TRELEASE,  PHORADENDRON 


PLATE  34 


PHORADENDRON  MACROPHYLLUM 


TRELEASE,  PHORADEXDRON 


PLATE  3o 


PHORADENDRON    MACROPHYLLUM   CIRCULARE 


PHORADEXDROX  MACROPHYLLUM  JOXESII 


TRELEASE,  PHORADENDBON 


PLATE  36 


PHORADENDRON  COCKERELLII 


TRELEASE,  PHORADENDRON 


PHORADENDRON  COLORADEXSE 


TRELEASE,  PHORADEXDRON 


PLATE  38 


PHORADENDRON  LONGISPICUM 


TRKLEASE,  PHORADENDRON 


PLATE  39 


PHORADENDRON  LONGISPICUM 


TRELEASE,  PHORADENDRON 


PLATE  40 


PHORADENDROX  VILLOSUM 


TRELEASE,  PHOKADENDEON 


PLATE  41 


PHORADENDRON   VILLOSUM   ROTUNDIFOLIUM 


PHORADENDRON  TOMENTOSUM 


TEELEASE,  PHORADENDRON 


PLATE  42 


PHORADENDRON  TOMENTOSUM 


TRKLKASK,  PHORADENDRON 


PLATE  43 


PHORADENDRON  PUBERULUM 


PHORADENDRON   PUBERULUM  CHIHUAHUENSE 


TRELEASE,  PHORADENDRON 


PLATE  44 


PHORADENDRON  CORYAE 


TRELEASE,  PHORADENDRON 


PLATE  45 


PHORADENDRON  HAVARDIANUM 


PHORADENDRON  WILKINSONI 


TRELEASE,  PHORADENDRON 


PLATE  46 


PHORADENDRON  LANATUM 


PHORADENDRON  GALEOTTII 


TRELEASE,  PHORADENDEON 


PLATE  47 


PHORADENDRON  PALMER! 


PHORADENDRON  EDUARDI 


TRELEASE,  PHORADENDRON 


PLATE  48 


PHORADENDRON  MAZATLANUM 


PHORADENDRON  BRACHYSTACHYUM 


TRELEASE,  PHORADENDRON 


PLATE  49 


TBELEASE,  PHORADENDBON 


PLATE  50 


.» 


PHORADENDBON  TLACOLTJLENSE 


TRELEASE,  PHORADENDEON 


PLATE  51 


PHORADENDRON  GLOBULIFERUM 


TBELEASE,  PHORADENDRON 


PLATE  52 


PHORADENDRON  AUREUM 


TRELEASE,  PHORADENDRON 


PLATE  53 


PHORADENDRON  BRACHYPHYLLUM 


PHORADENDRON  TUMIDUM 


PLATE  54 


PHORADENDKON  DIGUETH 


TRELEASE,  PHORADENDRON 


PLATE  55 


PHORADENDRON  PENINSULARE 


PHORADENDRON  SACCATUM 


TBELEASE,  PHORADENDRON 


PLATE  56 


I 


PHORADENDRON  ROBINSONII 


TRELEASE,  PHORADEXDRON 


PLATE  57 


PHORADENDRON  ROBINSONII 


J 
PHORADENDRON  ROBINSONII  HINDSI 


TEELEASE,  PHOEADENDBON 


PLATE  58 


PHOEADENDEON  VELUTINUM 


TRELEASE,  PHORADENDRON 


PLATE  59 


PHORADENDROX   SCABERRIMUM 


TRELEASE,  PHORADENDRON 


PLATE  60 


PHORADENDRON  LONGIFOLIUM 


TRELEASE,  PHORADENDRON 


PLATE  61 


PHORADENDRON  USPANTANUM 


TRELEASE,  PHORADENDRON 


PLATE  62 


PHORADENDRON  CALYCULATUM 


TRELEASE,  PHORADENDRON 


PLATE  63 


PHORADENDRON  CALYCULATUM 


TRELEASE,  PHORADENDRON 


PLATE  64 


PHORADENDRON  CALYCULATUM  FILIPES 


PHORADENDRON  CALYCULATUM  GONZALEZI 


TRELEASE,  PHORADENDRON 


PLATE  65 


PHORADENDRON  ANNULATUM 


TEELEASE,  PHOEADENDRON 


PLATE  66 


PHORADENDBON  MULTIFLORUM 


TR EL EASE,  PHORADENDRON 


PLATE  67 


PHORADENDRON  MULTIFLORTM 


TRELEASE,  PHOEADENDRON 


PLATE  68 


PHORADENDRON  AMPLIFOLIUM 


TRELEASE,  PHORADENDRON 


PLATE  69 


PHORADENDRON  CARNEUM 


TRELEASE,  PHORADENDRON 


PLATE  70 


PHORADENDRON  PRINGLEI 


PHORADENDRON  FORESTIERAE 


TRELEASE,  PHORADEXDROX 


PLATE  71 


PHORADENDRON  PACHYARTHRON 


PHORADEXDRON  SCHUMAXXI 


TRELEASE,  PHORADENDRON 


PLATE  72 


PHORADENDRON  SCHUMANNI 


PLATE  73 


PHOKADENDRON  PUBPUSI 


TBELEASE,  PHORADENDRON 


PLATE  74 


PHORADENDRON  NERVOSUM 


TRELEASE,  PHORADENDRON 


PLATE  75 


PHORADENDRON  CONZATTII 


PHORADENDRON  CONZATTII   TECOMATLANUM 


TBELEASE,  PHORADENDRON 


PLATE  76 


PHORADENDRON  CONZATTII  NOCHIXTLANENSE 


TRELEASE,  PHORADENDRON 


PLATE  77 


PHORADENDRON  LANCEOLATUM 


TRELEASE,  PHORADENDEON 


PLATE  78 


PHORADENDRON  FALCATUM 


TBELEASE,  PHORADEXDRON 


PLATE  79 


PHORADENDRON  ANGUSTIFOLIUM 


TRELEASE,  PHORADENDEON 


PLATE  80 


• 


PHORADENDRON  PARIETARIO1DES 


TRELEASE,  PHORADENDRON 


PLATE  81 


PHORADENDRON  CORYNARTHRON 


TRKLKASK,  PHORADENDRON 


PLATE  82 


PHORADENDRON  TONDUZII 


TKELEASE,  PHORADENDRON 


PLATE  83 


PHORADENDRON  COOPERI 


TRELEASE,  PHORADEXDRON 


PLATE  84 


PHORADENDRON  TUBULOSUM 


PHORADENDRON  TRIARAE 


TRELEASE,  PHORADENDRON 


PLATE  85 


PHORADENDRON  SEMITERES 


T R. EL  E  AS E,  PHORAD ENDRON 


I'LATE  86 


TRELEASE,   PHORADEXDRON 


PLATE  87 


r 


PHORADENDRON  VERLEYSENI  CHIMBOENSE 


PHORADEXDROX  GRANATICOLUM 


TRELEASE,  PHORADENDRON 


PLATE  88 


TRELEASE,  PHORADENDRON 


PLATE  89 


PHORADENDRON  DIPTERUM 


TRELEASE,  PHORADENDRON 


PLATE  90 


PHORADENDRON  MULTIFOVEOLATUM 


TRELEA8E,  PHORADENDRON 


PLATE  91 


PHORADENDRON  HYPERICIFOLIUM 


PHORADENDRON  DEMERARAE 


TRELEASE,  PHORADENDBON 


PLATE  92 


PHORADENDRON  TETRAPTERUM 


TRELEASE,  PHOBADENDBON 


PLATE  93 


PHORADENDRON  TOATAREXSE 


TRELEASE,  PHORADENDRON 


PLATE  94 


PHORADENDRON  CRULSII 


PHORADENDRON  AMPLEXICAULE 


TR  EL  EASE,  PMORADEN  DRON 


PLATE  95 


PHORADENDRON  AMPLECTENS 


TRELEASE,  PHORADENDEON 


PLATE  96 


PHORADENDRON   GLAZIOVII 


PHORADENDRON  TURBINISPICUM 


TK KL HAS K,  PHORADKNDRON 


PLATE  97 


PHORADENDRON  BREVIFOLIUM 


TRE  LEASE,  PHORADENDRON 


PLATE  98 


TKELE  ASK,  PIIOH  A  I )  EN  DRON 


PLATE  99 


PHORADENDEON  VULCANICUM 


PHORADENDRON  CRISP UM 


TRELEASE,  PHORADEXDROX 


PLATE  100 


PHORADEXDROX  REICH EXBACHTAXUM 


PHORADEXDROX  FALCIFOLIUM 


TK KLKASE,  PHOR  A  I  »K M  >KOX 


PLATK    lol 


PHORADENDRON  BOBU8TIS8IM I  *  M 


TRELEASE,  PHORADEXDRON 


PLATE  102 


PHORADEXDROX   ROBUST  JSS  [MUM   SIMULAXS 


TKKLEASE,  PHOBADENDRON 


PLATE  103 


PHORADENDROX  CONGESTUM 


TRELEASE,  PHORADENDRON 


PLATE  104 


PHORADENDRON  CONGESTUM 


PHORADENDRON  CARIPENSE 


TRELEASE,  PHORADENDRON 


PLATE  105 


PHORADENDRON  HERBERT-SMITHII 


TRELEASE,  PHORADENDBON 


PLATE  106 


PHOBADENDBON   EXICITM 


PHORADENDRON  8TENOPHYLLUM 


TRELEASE,  PHORADENDRON 


PLATE  107 


PHORADENDRON  CORIACEUM 


PHORADENDRON  CORIACEUM  QUINTENSE 


PHOBADENDRON 


PLATE  108 


PHORADENDRON  ULOPHYLLUM 


TRELEASE,  PHORADENDRON 


PLATE  109 


PHORADENDRON  HABROSTACHYUM 


TBKLKASK,  PHOBADENDEON 


PL ATK    lln 


PHORADEXDROX  OVALIPOLIUM 


TRELEASE,  PHORADENDRON 


PLATE  111 


PHORADENDRON  LONGIPETIOLATUM 


TRELEASE,  PHOBADENDEON 


PLATE  112 


7 


PHORADENDRON  B1L1NEATUM 


TRELEASE,  PHOEADENDRON 


PLATE  113 


PHORADENDRON  RIGIDUM 


TRELEASE,  PHORADEXDRON 


PLATE  114 


PHORADEXDRON  JEXMANI 


TRELEASE,  PHORADENDRON 


PLATE  115 


PHORADENDRON  POLTGYNUM 


TRELEASE,  PHORADENDEON 


PLATE  116 


PHORADENDRON  POLYGYNUM 


PHORADENDRON  BRIQUETIA^  I  M. 


TRELEASE,  PHORADEXDRON 


PLATE  117 


PHORADEXDRON  OBLIQUUM 


TRELEASE,  PHORADEXDRON 


PLATE  118 


PHORADENDRON  DIMIDIATUM 


TRELEASE,  PHORADEXDRON 


PLATE  119 


PHORADENDRON  PERROTTETII 


TRELEASE,  PHORADEXDROX 


PLATE  120 


Ur 


PHORADEXDROX  BATHYORYCTUM 


TRELEASE,  PHORADENDRON 


PLATE  121 


PHORADENDRON  PELLUCIDULUM 


TRELEASE,  PHOEADENDEON 


PLATE  122 


PHOBADENDEON  HOLOXANTHUM 


PHORADENDEON  HOLOXANTHUM  COEALLISPICUM 


TRELEASE,  PHORADENDRON 


PLATE  123 


PHORADENDRON  NITIDUM 


PHORADENDRON  SELLOI 


TBELEASE,  PHORADEXDRON 


PLATE  124 


PHORADENDRON   CRASPEDOPHYLLUM 


PHORADEXDROX  CRASPEDOPHYLLOIDES 


TRELEASE,  PHORADENDRON 


PLATE  125 


PHORADEXDRON  OBTU8ISSIMUM 


TRELEASE,  PHORADENDRON 


PLATE  126 


PHORADENDRON  ACINACIFOLIUM 


TRELEASE,  PHORADENDRON 


PLATE  127 


PHORADENDRON  ACINACIFOLIUM 


PHORADENDRON  REDUCTUM 


TRELEASE,  PHORADENDRON 


PLATE  128 


PHORADENDRON  WAWRAE 


TRELEASE,  PHOBADENDEON 


PLATE  129 


PHOEADENDBON  CHEIROCARPUM 


PHOBADEXDBOX  DECUSSATUM 


TRELEASE,  PHORADEXDEON 


PLATE  130 


PHORADENDRON  VERNICOSUM 


TEELEASE,  PHORADEXDRON 


PLATE  131 


PHORADENDRON  FICI 


TRELEASE,  PHORADEXDRON 


PLATE  132 


PHORADEXDRON  CAMPBELLII 


TKHLEASE,  PHOKADKNDRON 


PLATK  I.".:! 


PHOR  ADENDRON  GR I S  K  BACH  I A  M '  M 


TBELEASE,  PHOBADENDBON 


PLATE  134 


PHOEADENDBON  CHEYSOCABPUM 


TRELEASE,  PHORADEXDROX 


PLATE  135 


PHORADENDRON  ANCEPS 


PHORADENDRON  HAITENSE 


TRELEASP;,  PHORADEXDRON 


PLATE   136 


PHORADENDRON  HARTII 


TRELEASE,  PHORADEXDRON 


PLATE  137 


- 


PHORADENDRON  WATTII 


TRELEASE,  PHORADENDRON 


PLATE  138 


PHORADENDRON  WATTII 


PHORADENDRON  WATTII  PRODUCTUM 


TEELEASE,  PHORADEXDRON 


PLATE  139 


PHORADENDRON  HELLERI 


TRKLKASK.   PHOEADENDBON 


1M.ATK   140 


PHORADENDRON  HELLERI  SANGU1NKI.M 


PHORADEXDROX    CREXI'LATTM 


TRELEASE,  PHORADEXDROX 


PLATE  141 


PHORADEXDRON  DUSSII 


TBELEASE,  PHORADENDRON 


PLATK  142 


PHOBADENDBON  GUNDLACHII 


TRELEASE,  PHORADENDRON 


PLATE  143 


PHORADENDRON  DOMINGENSE 


TR  ELK  ASK,  PHOEADENDEON 


PLATE  144 


PHORADENDRON  TRINERVIUM 


TRELEASE,  PHORADENDRON 


PLATE  143 


PHORADEXDRON  TRINERVIUM 


TEELEA8E,  PHOBADENDBON 


PLATE  146 


PHORADEXDRON   TRINERYIUM 


TRELEASE,  PHORADENDRON 


PLATE  147 


PHORADENDRON  APPUNI 


PHORADENDRON  APERTUM 


TKELEASE,  PHORADEXDRON 


PLATE  148 


PHORADEXDRON  GUAZUMAE 


TRELEASE,  PHORADENDRON 


PLATE  149 


PHORADENDRON   SANCTAE-MARTAE 


PHORADENDRON  KENSONI 


TRELEASE,  PHOBADENDBON 


PLATK 


PHOBADENDRON  ZULOAGAE 


PHORADENDEON  COMMUTATUM 


TRELEASE,  PHORADENDRON 


PLATE  151 


PHORADENDRON  COMMUTATUM 


TKKLEASE,  PHORADEXDRON 


PLATE  152 


PHORADENDRON  RUBRUM 


PLATE  153 


PHORADEXDROX  RUBRUM 


TRELEASE,  PHORADENDRON 


PLATE  154 


TRELEASE,  PHORADENDRON 


PLATE  155 


PHORADENDRON  QUADRANGULARE 


PHORADENDRON  VISCIFOLIUM 


TRELEASE,  PHORADENDRON 


PLATE  156 


PHORADENDRON  WIESNERIANUM 


TRELEASE,  PHORADEXDRON 


PLATE  157 


PHORADENDRON  PIAUHYANUM 


TRELEASE,  PHORADENDRON 


PLATE  158 


PHORADENDRON  CEIBANUM 


TRELEASE,  PHORADEXDRON 


PLATE  159 


PHORADENDROX  VEXEZUELEXSE 


TRELEASE,  PHORADENDRON 


PLATE  160 


PHORADENDRON  ANTILLARUM 


TRELEASE,  PHORADENDRON 


PLATE  161 


r 


PHORADENDRON  ANTILLARUM  ORIENTALE 


PHORADENDRON  ANTILLARUM  LONGUM 


TEELEASE,  PHORADENDRON 


PLATE  162 


PHORADENDRON  TOWNSENDI 


TRELEASE,  PHORADENDRON 


PLATE  1C3 


PHORADENDRON  GRACILE 


TRELEASE,  PHORADENTDRON 


PLATE  164 


PHORADENDRON  MICROPHYLLUM 


TRELEASE,  PHORADENDRON 


PLATE  165 


PHORADENDRON  AFFINE 


TRELEASE,  PHORADENDRON 


PLATE  166 


' 


PHORADENDRON  MARTIANUM 


TRELEASE,  PHORADENDRON 


PLATE  167 


PHORADENDRON  GAUMERI 


PHORADENDRON  TAMAULIPENSE 


TRELEASE,  PHORADEXDROX 


PLATE  168 


PHORADENDRON  ZACAPAXUM 


TBELEASE,  PHORADEXDRON 


PLATE  169 


PHORADEXDRON  LYONI 


TRKLEASE,  PHORADENDRON 


PLATE  170 


PHORADENDRON  EMARGINATUM 


TKELEASE,  PHORADENDRON 


PLATE  171 


PHORADENDROX  OBOVATIFOLIUM 


TRELEA8E,  PHORADENDRON 


PLATE  172 


PHORADENDRON  MINOR 


PHORADENDRON  MUCRONATUM 


TRELEASE,  PHORADENDRON 


PLATE  173 


PHORADENDEON  YUCATANUM 


PHORADENDRON  OTTONIS 


TRELEASK,  PHOBADENDBON 


PLATE  174 


PHORADENDRON  DEGENIANUM 


PHORADENDRON  CUNEIFOLIUM 


TRELEASE,  PHORADENDROX 


PLATE   175 


PHORADENDRON  CEARENSE  MINOR 


TRELEASE,  PHORADENDRON 


PLATE  176 


PHORADENDRON  CEARENSE 


PHORADENDRON  CARACASANUM 


TRELEASE,  PHORADENDRON 


PLATE  177 


PHORADENDRON  ARGENTINUM 


PHORADENDRON  ERNSTIANUM 


TRELEASE,  PHORADENDRON 


PLATE  178 


PHORADENDRON  MELIAE 


PHORADENDRON  PRUINOSUM 


TRELEASE,  PHOEADENDRON 


PLATE  179 


PHORADENDRON  LIGA 


TRELEASE,  PHORADENDROX 


PLATE  180 


PHORADENDRON  LIGA 


PHORADENDRON  HIERONYMI 


TRELEASE,  PHORADENDRON 


PLATE  181 


PHORADENDRON  LINEARIFOLIUM 


TRELEASE,  PHORADENDRON 


PLATE  182 


PHORADENDRON  ENSIFOLIUM 


TEELEASE,  PHORADENDEON 


PLATE  183 


PHOEADENDBON  LANCEOLATO-ELL1PTICUM 


TBELEASE,  PHORADEXDRON 


PLATE  184 


PHORADENDRON  MACRARTHRUM 


TBELEA8E,  PHORADEXDRON 


PLATE  185 


PHORADENDRON  FALCIFRONS 


TRELEASE,  PHORADENDRON 


PLATE  186 


PHORADENDRON  FALCIFRONS 


TRELEASE,  PHORADEXDRON 


PLATE  187 


PHORADENDRON  TUCUMANENSE 


TRELEASE,  PHORADENDRON 


PLATE  188 


PHORADENDRON  TUCUMANENSE 


PHORADENDRON  KUNTZEI 


TRELEASE,  PHORADEXDRON 


PLATE  189 


PHORADENDRON  NORTHROPIAE 


TRELEASE,  PHORADENDRON 


PLATE  190 


PHORADENDRON  UNDULATUM 


TRELEASE,  PHORADENDRON 


PLATE  191 


PHORADENDRON  UNDULATUM 


PHORADENDRON  HERMINIERI 


TRELEASE,  PHORADENDRON 


PLATE  192 


PHORADENDRON  GRACILISPICUM 


TRELEASE,  PHORADENDRON 


PLATE  193 


PHORADENDRON  PERUVIANUM 


TRELEASE,  PHORADENDRON 


PLATE  194 


PHORADENDRON  BALANSAE 


TRELEASE,  PHORADENDEON 


PLATE  195 


PHORADENDRON  BALANSAE  HASSLERI 


PHORADENDRON  AVENIUM 


TRELEASE,  PHORADENDRON 


PLATE  196 


PHORADENDRON  ENGLERIANUM 


TRELEASE,  PHORADENDRON 


PLATE  197 


PHORADENDRON  MANDONII 


PHORADENDRON  MATHEWSI 


TRELEASE,  PHORADENDRON 


PLATE  198 


PHORADENDRON  WARMINGII 


TRELEASE,  PHORADEXDRON 


PLATE  199 


TRELEASE,  PHORADENDRON 


PLATE  200 


PHORADENDRON  HEXASTICHUM 


TRELEASE,  PHORADEXDRON 


PLATE  201 


PHORADENDRON  HEXASTICHUM  ANGUSTTFOLIUM 


PHORADENDRON  OLIVERIANUM 


TRELEASE,  PHORADENDRON 


PLATE  202 


PHORADENDRON  RACEMOSUM 


TRELEASE,  PHORADENDRON 


PLATE  203 


1 


PHORADENDRON  RACEMOSUM 


TR  ELE  AS  E,  PHOR  AD  EN  DROX 


PLATE  204 


PHORADENDRON  PRODUCTIPES 


TRELEASE,  PHORADEXDEON 


PLATE  205 


PHORADENDRON  CERINOCAEPUM 


TRELEASE,  PHORADEXDROX 


PLATE  206 


TEELEASE,  PHOEADENDEON 


PLATE  207 


PHOBADENDBON  CAEINATUM 


TRELEASE,  PHORADENDROX 


PLATE  208 


PHORADENDRON  BRITTONIANUM 


PHORADENDRON  PTERONEURON 


TRELEASE,  PHORADENDRON 


PLATE  209 


PHORADENDRON  PTERONEURON 


TRELEASE,  PHORADENDRON 


PLATE  210 


PHORADENDRON  FRAGILE 


TR EL EASE,  PHORADENDEON 


PHORADENDRON  EGGERS1I 


PHORADENDRON  FENDLERIANUM 


TBELEASE,  PHORADENDRON 


PLATE  212 


PHORADENDRON  PARADOXUM 


TRELEASE,  PHORADEXDRON 


PLATE  213 


PHORADENDRON  CRASSIFOL1UM 


TRELEASE,  PHORADENDRON 


PLATE  214 


PHORADENDRON  CRASSIFOLIUM 


PHORADENDRON  CRASSIFOLIUM  MULTIFLORUM 


TRELEASE,  PHORADENDRON 


PLATE  215 


PHORADENDRON  CRASSIFOLIUM  PITTIERI 


TRELEASE,  PHORADENDRON 


PLATE  21G 


TRELEASE,  PHORADENDRON 


PLATE  217 


Vdt 


PHORADENDRON  PIPEROIDES 


TKKLKASi;,   I'HORADKXDROX 


IM,ATK 


f/r      ?,• 


PHORADEXDEON  PIPEROIDES 


TRELEASE,  PHORADEXDROX 


PLATK 


PHORADEXDROX  PIPEROIDES 


TRELEASE,  PHORADENDRON 


PLATE  220 


*      ? 

I 


PHORADENDRON  PIPEROIDES 


TRELEASE,  PHORADENDRON 


PLATE  221 


PHORADENDRON  PIPEROIDES 


TRELEASE,  PHORADEXDRON 


PLATE  L':^ 


PHORADENDRON  PIPEROIDES 


TRELEASE,  PHORADENDRON 


PLATE  223 


PHORADENDRON  GARDNERIANUM 


PHORADENDRON  ESSEQUIBENSE 


TKELEASE,  PHORADENDRON 


PLATE  224 


PHORADENDRON  STRONGYLOCLADOS 


TRELEASE,  PHORADENDROX 


PLATE  223 


PHORADENDRON  JOHNSTONI 


PHORADENDRON   CAESALPINIAE 


TKELEASE,  PHORADENDEON 


PLATE  226 


PHORADENDEON  SURINAMENSE 


TR  ELK  ASK,  PHORADENDROX 


PLATK  i'L'7 


TT^i 


PHORADENDRON  PLATYCAULON 


TRELEASE,  PHORADENDRON 


PLATE  228 


PHORADENDRON  PACHYPHYLLUM 


PHORADENDRON  KNOOPH 


TRELEASE,  PHORADENDRON 


PLATE  229 


PHORADENDRON  CHRYSOCLADON 


TEELEASE,  PHORADENDROX 


PLATE  230 


PHORADENDRON  CHRYSOCLADON 


TRELEASE,  PHORADENDRON 


PLATE  231 


PHORADENDRON  MEMBRANACEUM 


PHORADENDRON  QUINQUENERVIUM 


PLATE  232 


L 


PHORADENDRON  SUPRAVENULOSUM 


TRELEASE,  PHORADENDRON 


PLATE,  233 


PHORADENDRON  FLA YENS 


TBELEASE,  PHORADENDRON 


PLATE  234 


PHORADENDRON  TRISULCATUM 


PHORADEXDROX  URBAN  1 A  N I  .M 


TRELEASE,  PHORADENDRON 


PLATE  235 


. 


PHORADENDRON  LINDAVIANUM 


TRELEASE,  PHORADENDRON 


PLATE  236 


PHORADENDRON  LAXIFLORUM 


TRELEASE,  PHORADENDRON 


PLATE  237 


PHORADENDRON  HUALLAGENSE 


PHORADENDRON  DICHOTOMUM 


TRELEASE,  PHORADEXDROX 


PLATE  238 


PHORADENDROX  DICHOTOMUM 


TRELEASE,  PHORADENDROX 


PLATE  239 


PHORADENDRON  DICHOTOMUM 


PHORADENDRON  DICHOTOMUM  OVATIFOLIUM 


TKKLKASE,  PHORADEXDRON 


PLATK 


PHORADENDROX  CYMOSUM 


TRELEASE,  PHORADENDRON 


PLATE  241 


. 


I 


I  I 


PHORADENDRON  GALAPAGEIUM 


TRELEASE,  PHORADENDRON 


PLATE  242 


PHORADENDRON  HENSLOVII 


TRELEASE,  PHORADENDRON 


PLATE  243 


PHORADENDRON  HENSLOVII 


PHORADENDRON  UNCINATUM 


TRELEASE,  PHORADENDRON 


PLATE  244 


PHORADENDRON  CAMPINENSE 


PHORADENDRON  HOLTON1S 


TKELEASE,  PHORADENDRON 


PLATE  245 


DELESSERT 

ION  GENERALE 


I 
PHORADENDRON  LINDENI 


170775 


THE  UNIVERSITY  LIBRARY 

UNIVERSITY  OF  CALIFORNIA,  SANTA  CRUZ 

SCIENCE  LIBRARY 

This  book  is  due  on  the  last  DATE  stamped  below. 


1971  JUN  29 

N.B.-  HOLD 

JAN  5 
REC'D  JAN  6 


MAY  15  '82 


*" 


D  MAY  2  9  1982 

. 

JUN  1  3      2 


BEC 

JO 


N 


'8 

" 


>Om-4,'69(J7948s8)2477 


OM95  PS6T7  So 

III        II 


3  2106  00254  3400 


